Cov tuam txhab khaws cov ntaub ntawv tam sim no li cas? Feem ntau qhov no yog 1C pob teeb tsa ntawm tus accountant lub computer hauv zos, uas tus accountant puv sijhawm lossis tus kws tshaj lij tawm haujlwm. Ib tus neeg tawm tswv yim tuaj yeem tswj hwm ntau lub tuam txhab cov neeg siv khoom, qee zaum txawm tias muaj kev sib tw.
Nrog rau txoj hauv kev no, kev nkag mus rau cov nyiaj tam sim no, cov cuab yeej crypto-tiv thaiv, kev tswj cov ntaub ntawv hluav taws xob thiab lwm yam kev pabcuam tseem ceeb tau teeb tsa ncaj qha rau tus accountant lub computer.
Nws txhais li cas? Tias txhua yam yog nyob rau hauv txhais tes ntawm tus accountant thiab yog hais tias nws txiav txim siab mus thav duab tus tswv lag luam, ces nws yuav ua nws ib zaug los yog ob zaug.
zaj duab xis "RocknRolla" (2008)
Hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav qhia koj kom muaj kev nyab xeeb xauv tag nrho cov kev pab, xws li koj tuaj yeem lov tes taw tag nrho cov kev pabcuam nrog ib tus accountant tau ya mus rau Fab Kis mus rau Fab Kis.
Yuav ua li cas tshwm sim? Ob qhov xwm txheej tiag
Wall Street System Administrator
Peb tus poj niam co-founder yog tus paub txog tus accountant, thiab lub hli tas los lub tsev noj mov loj hauv Moscow tau tig los pab nws. Lub tsev noj mov khaws tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv khaws tseg ntawm nws cov neeg rau zaub mov, uas tau tswj hwm los ntawm tus tswj hwm kev ruaj ntseg los ntawm pab pawg tsev noj mov.
Txoj cai thaum tus accountant ua haujlwm, tus thawj tswj hwm tau mus rau hauv online twv txiaj yuam pov thiab khaws cov kab mob uas rhuav tshem tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv. Puas yog lawv liam txhua yam? Yog lawm, tus accountant uas nyuam qhuav tuaj txog.
Tus heroine muaj hmoo heev uas nws tus txiv yog tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm hosting thiab nkag siab txog tej yam zoo li no. Tom qab sib cav ntau hauv xov tooj (peb cov npoj yaig twb tau npaj tawm mus thiab ntxuav lub ntsej muag ntawm nws tus kheej), pov thawj pom thiab tus neeg ua txhaum raug txim. Tab sis cov ntaub ntawv tau ploj lawm, uas yog, tsis muaj kev zoo siab xaus rau tus thawj tswj hwm.
Laptop daig hauv lwm tus lub tsev
Nov yog ib zaj dab neeg qub los ntawm lwm tus peb paub.
Ib tus poj niam muaj hnub nyoog 64 xyoo muaj kev paub dhau los tsis tu ncua khaws cov ntaub ntawv sau nyiaj rau lub khw hauv online ntawm Suav gadgets siv 1C. Cov neeg siv khoom thiab cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia hauv lub laptop uas tau muab rau nws thaum ua haujlwm. Nws yog qhov yooj yim: nws yooj yim los luam tawm los ntawm cov tshuab luam ntawv hauv chaw ua haujlwm, lub hauv paus me me thiab haum rau ntawm netbook, koj tuaj yeem nqa nrog koj mus rau lub tebchaws lossis tsev.
Tom qab ntawd muaj xwm txheej tshwm sim: Hnub Friday yav tsaus ntuj nws raug coj mus rau hauv lub tsheb thauj neeg mob nrog mob stroke. Lub netbook nyob hauv tsev vim tus accountant yog lub luag haujlwm thiab ua haujlwm rau hnub so.
Lub laptop, tau kawg, tau txais kev cawmdim, tus accountant tau zoo, tab sis yog tias peb hloov qhov xwm txheej no mus rau hnub tam sim no thiab hloov tus mob stroke nrog tus kabmob coronavirus, tom qab ntawd kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev cawm lub khoos phis tawj los ntawm chav tsev kaw yuav siv ntau qhov sib txawv.
Ob tus miv thiab Labrador puas tuaj yeem qhib qhov rooj rau koj? Txawm hais tias koj tus neeg zej zog da dej paj thiab pub cov miv, nws puas yuav muab lub computer rau koj?
Tab sis cia peb txav mus rau 1C hauv huab - dab tsi yog cov kev xaiv rau kev xa tawm thiab kev ua haujlwm hauv huab.
Dab tsi yog cov kev xaiv dav dav rau kev ua haujlwm nrog 1C hauv huab?
Option 1. Client + enterprise application server + database
Haum rau cov tuam txhab loj uas xav tau cov kev pab cuam ntawm tag nrho pab neeg ntawm cov accountants. Qhov no yog ib qho kev xaiv kim heev (ntau daim ntawv tso cai ntxiv), peb yuav tsis xav txog nws, vim tias tsab xov xwm hais txog kev teeb tsa kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus accountant rau lub tuam txhab me.
Kev xaiv 2. 1C: Tshiab
1C: Fresh yog ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim los ua haujlwm hauv 1C los ntawm qhov browser. Tsis muaj qhov yuav tsum tau muaj: thaum xauj xws li daim ntawv tso cai, lub tuam txhab franchisee yuav teeb txhua yam rau lawv tus kheej, thiab koj yuav tau txais tus ID nkag mus thiab lo lus zais.
Tab sis muaj ob qhov tsis zoo:
β Tus nqi siab: tus nqi qis rau ib daim ntawv thov yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau 6 lub hlis ib zaug rau tsawg kawg ob txoj haujlwm - 6808 RUR
β Koj tsis tuaj yeem teeb tsa VPS server nws tus kheej, uas ntau lub tuam txhab ua haujlwm ib zaug. Koj tsuas yog muab tus yuam sij rau koj chav tsev dorm xwb, raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib koom hosting.
Cov tshiab version kuj muaj 1C: BusinessStart configuration, ib tug subscription uas raug nqi 400 rubles raws li ib tug nce qib. ib hlis. Cov kev xaiv kev teeb tsa raug txwv tsis pub muaj kev nce qib, kev tso npe yuav raug nqi 1000 rubles, thiab koj kuj yuav tsum tau them rau nws tsawg kawg rau lub hlis.
Kev xaiv 3: koj tus kheej VPS, uas 1C tus neeg siv khoom thiab cov ntaub ntawv raug teeb tsa
Qhov kev xaiv no yog tsim rau cov tuam txhab me nrog 1-2 tus accountants - lawv tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau yooj yim yam tsis tau txhim kho 1C: Enterprise daim ntawv thov server thiab SQL server.
Qhov kev zoo nkauj tseem ceeb ntawm txoj hauv kev no yog tias tus nqi xauj tsev VPS tuaj yeem ua lub khoos phis tawj ua haujlwm puv ntoob rau tus accountant nrog RDP kev sib txuas.
Thaum tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev nkag tau muab khaws cia rau hauv VPS raws li koj txoj kev tswj hwm, koj tsis tas yuav txhawj xeeb txog lub khoos phis tawj kaw hauv koj lub tsev lossis tus accountant thiab tus tswj hwm kev khiav tawm mus rau cov Islands tuaj ua ke, nqa tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv thiab nyiaj los ntawm tam sim no. tus account. Koj tuaj yeem lov tes taw nkag nrog ib lub pob los ntawm kev rho tawm tus neeg siv.
Txoj kev no kuj zoo thiab ntawm no yog vim li cas:
- Thaum tus accountant ua haujlwm hauv 1C cov khoom, 1C tsim ntau cov ntaub ntawv Lo Lus, Excel, Acrobat. Thaum tus neeg siv khoom 1C tau qhib rau ntawm tus accountant lub computer, tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tau txais kev cawmdim ntawm nws lub laptop. Thaum ua haujlwm ntawm VPS, txhua yam tau txais kev cawmdim ntawm lub tshuab virtual.
- 1C cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau tus accountant tus kheej lub computer txhua qhov (yog tias siv 1C: Fresh, cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau rub tawm).
- Lub peev xwm los txuas VPS mus rau lub koom haum network ntawm VPN thiab muab tus accountant nrog kev ruaj ntseg nkag mus rau hauv cov peev txheej (yog tias siv 1C: Fresh, tus accountant tus kheej lub computer yuav tsum tau txuas nrog LAN ruaj ntseg rau qhov no).
- Koj tuaj yeem teeb tsa kev ruaj ntseg kev koom ua ke ntawm 1C: Kev Lag Luam nrog cov txheej txheem sab nraud: cov ntaub ntawv hluav taws xob ntws, tus kheej cov nyiaj hauv tuam txhab nyiaj, tsoomfwv cov kev pabcuam, thiab lwm yam. Yog tias koj siv 1C: Fresh, nkag mus rau ntau qhov kev pabcuam tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau teeb tsa ntawm tus accountant tus kheej lub computer.
Thiab tus nqi, tau kawg. Kev xauj lub tshuab virtual nrog 1C daim ntawv tso cai yuav raug nqi kwv yees li 1500 rubles. ib hlis twg, yog tias koj coj tus nqi vaj ntxwv los ntawm cov chaw pabcuam hosting kim. Qhov no tsis yog kim kim tshaj li qhov tsawg kawg nkaus pob ntawm cov kev pabcuam 1C: Tshiab thiab pheej yig dua li lwm cov npe. Koj tuaj yeem them txhua hli.
Daim ntawv tso cai tuaj yeem yuav los ntawm ib tus neeg ua lag luam, thiab tus nqi nyob ntawm qhov teeb tsa ntawm pob khoom thiab cov kev pabcuam, thiab tom qab lub sijhawm tas sijhawm, koj yuav tau them nyiaj ntxiv rau kev txhawb nqa los ntawm 1C: ITS portal rau kev hloov tshiab.
Yog koj coj nrog peb, rau cov laj thawj zoo li no peb muab lub tshuab virtual nrog rau kev teeb tsa ua ntej 1C: Cov neeg siv khoom lag luam (tsuas yog sau rau peb hauv kev txhawb nqa nrog cov lus piav qhia ntawm koj txoj haujlwm). Kev xauj ib lub tshuab virtual nqi kwv yees li 800 rubles. ib hlis twg, thiab tus nqi xauj tsev 1C daim ntawv tso cai rau ib qho chaw ua haujlwm yuav yog 700 rubles. Peb muab kev txhawb nqa yam tsis muaj nqi ntxiv, thaum 1C: Enterprise tau hloov kho los ntawm peb cov kws tshaj lij yog tias koj sau mus rau technical support.
Rau ib tus accountant, txhua yam yuav zoo tib yam - lub desktop paub, cov cim, koj tuaj yeem dai cov duab uas paub. Thiab tam sim no mus rau lub ntsiab lus, yuav ua li cas los tsim thiab teeb tsa xws li huab, nkag mus rau qhov twg tuaj yeem ua tsis taus nrog ib lub pob.
Peb xaj VPS nrog built-in 1C: Enterprise
Rau tus accountant, qhov zoo tshaj OS yog Windows. Hais txog lub zog ntawm VPS - hauv peb qhov kev paub dhau los, rau kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm ib lossis ob tus neeg ua haujlwm nrog cov ntaub ntawv server version ntawm 1C: Ib lub lag luam yuav muaj kev teeb tsa txaus nrog ob lub khoos phis tawj, yam tsawg kawg 4-5 GB ntawm RAM thiab ceev 50. GB SSD.
Peb tsis automate cov kev pabcuam kom txog rau thaum peb paub tseeb tias cov neeg siv khoom xav tau dab tsi, yog li nws txoj kev sib txuas tseem tsis tau ua haujlwm thiab koj yuav tsum tau xaj lub server los ntawm 1C los ntawm daim pib. Peb yuav configure txhua yam rau koj manually.
Thaum koj txuas rau lub tshuab virtual tsim los ntawm RDP, koj yuav pom qee yam zoo li no.
Hloov cov ntaub ntawv 1C
Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog rub tawm cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm 1C: Enterprise version yav dhau los tau nruab rau hauv lub computer accounting.
Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum xa nws mus rau lub server virtual ntawm FTP, los ntawm txhua qhov huab cia, lossis los ntawm kev sib txuas lub zos tsav mus rau VPS siv tus neeg siv khoom RDP.
Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov ntaub ntawv hauv paus hauv cov neeg siv khoom: peb qhia yuav ua li cas ua qhov no hauv cov screenshots.
Tom qab ua tiav ntxiv 1C: Enterprise database, koj npaj txhij ua haujlwm ntawm koj tus kheej VPS. Txhua yam uas tseem tshuav yog teeb tsa tej thaj chaw deb desktops rau cov neeg siv thiab kev koom ua ke nrog ntau lub tshuab sab nraud xws li tus kheej lub txhab nyiaj hauv tuam txhab lossis cov kev pabcuam hluav taws xob tswj cov ntaub ntawv.
Teeb tsa tej thaj chaw deb desktops
Los ntawm lub neej ntawd, Windows Server tso cai rau ntau tshaj ob zaug ib txhij RDP rau kev tswj hwm. Kev siv lawv rau kev ua haujlwm tsis yog qhov nyuaj (nws yog qhov txaus los ntxiv ib tus neeg siv tsis raug cai rau pawg neeg tsim nyog), tab sis qhov no yog qhov ua txhaum ntawm cov lus pom zoo ntawm daim ntawv tso cai.
Txhawm rau xa tag nrho Cov Kev Pabcuam Hauv Cov Chaw Taws Teeb (RDS), koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov luag haujlwm thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm server, qhib cov ntawv tso cai server lossis siv lwm tus, thiab nruab cais cov neeg siv khoom nkag mus rau cov ntawv tso cai (RDS CALs).
Peb tuaj yeem pab ntawm no thiab: koj tuaj yeem yuav RDS CAL ntawm peb los ntawm kev sau ntawv yooj yim . Peb yuav txuas ntxiv mus: nruab lawv ntawm peb daim ntawv tso cai server thiab teeb tsa Cov Kev Pabcuam Chaw Taws Teeb.
Tab sis tau kawg, yog tias koj xav teeb tsa koj tus kheej, peb yuav tsis rhuav tshem kev lom zem rau koj.
Tom qab teeb tsa RDS, tus accountant tuaj yeem pib ua haujlwm nrog 1C: Enterprise ntawm lub server virtual li ntawm lub tshuab hauv zos. Tsis txhob hnov ββββqab nruab tus txheej txheem accounting software ntawm VPS: chav ua haujlwm suite, browser thib peb, Acrobat Reader.
Tam sim no txhua yam uas tseem tshuav yog saib xyuas kev sib txuas ntawm 1C tus neeg siv khoom rau hauv tuam txhab nyiaj tus kheej.
Teeb tsa kev koom ua ke nrog cov tsev txhab nyiaj
1C: Enterprise muaj DirectBank thev naus laus zis rau kev sib pauv cov ntaub ntawv ncaj qha nrog cov tsev txhab nyiaj, tsis tas yuav txhim kho software ntxiv. Nws tso cai rau koj mus download tau cov nqe lus thiab xa cov ntaub ntawv them nyiaj yam tsis tau muab tso rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv, yog tias lub txhab nyiaj txhawb cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ( txwv tsis pub koj yuav tau ua nrog cov ntaub ntawv hauv 1C hom ntawv qub, tab sis qhov ntawd tsis ua li cas - tam sim no lawv tau txais kev cawmdim ntawm lub tshuab virtual).
Yuav pib nrog, tus account tam sim no yog tsim nyob rau hauv qhov kev pab cuam accounting (yog tias nws tseem tsis tau tsim), thiab tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum qhib nws daim ntawv hauv lub koom haum daim npav thiab xaiv "Connect 1C: DirectBank" hais kom ua. Hloov chaw tuaj yeem thauj khoom mus rau hauv 1C: Enterprise tau txais los yog manually: rau cov lus qhia ntxaws koj yuav tsum xa mus rau lub txhab nyiaj lub vev xaib. Qee qhov xwm txheej, kev koom ua ke nrog 1C cov khoom lag luam yuav tsum tau qhib cais hauv koj tus kheej tus account.
Txhawm rau teeb tsa, koj yuav xav tau tus ID nkag mus thiab lo lus zais rau lub tuam txhab tus kheej tus account ntawm lub txhab nyiaj. Txoj kev siv ntau tshaj plaws yog ob-factor authentication (2FA) ntawm SMS.
Lwm qhov kev xaiv nrov, kev ruaj ntseg hardware token, tsis haum rau peb vim yog siv lub server virtual. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov xov xwm tiv thaiv yuav tsum raug tshem tawm ntawm lub tuam txhab thaj chaw thiab xa mus rau tus accountant ua haujlwm nyob deb, tsis muaj kev tswj hwm nws.
Qhov kev xaiv nrog tus ID nkag mus / lo lus zais thiab 2FA ntawm SMS kuj yuav tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb, txawm hais tias DirectBank thev naus laus zis tsuas yog tso cai rau koj kom tau txais cov lus thiab xa cov ntaub ntawv them nyiaj. Txhawm rau kom them nyiaj, lawv yuav tsum tau lees paub los ntawm kev kos npe hauv hluav taws xob digital, uas yog khaws cia rau ntawm qhov chaw ruaj ntseg ntawm tus neeg siv khoom lossis ntawm lub txhab nyiaj sab. Hauv thawj kis, tsis muaj teeb meem: yog tias tus accountant sab nraud tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau lub token, nws tsuas tuaj yeem tsim cov ntaub ntawv.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm huab digital kos npe, SMS nrog ib lub sij hawm code kom paub meej tias cov nyiaj them feem ntau yog xa mus rau tib lub xov tooj siv rau authentication nyob rau hauv koj tus kheej account. Qee lub tsev txhab nyiaj lawv tus kheej tau daws qhov teeb meem no los ntawm kev tso cai rau cov neeg siv khoom pauv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm DirectBank yam tsis muaj 2FA. Hauv qhov no, tus accountant tsuas tuaj yeem rub tawm cov nqe lus thiab xa cov ntaub ntawv, tab sis nws yuav tsis tau txais kev nkag mus rau cov nyiaj lossis txawm tias nws tus kheej tus account.
Muaj lwm txoj hauv kev rau kev sib cais cov qib nkag: ntau lub tsev txhab nyiaj tso cai rau koj siv tus as-qhauj hauv Xeev Cov Kev Pabcuam los ntawm kev sib koom ua pov thawj thiab kev lees paub qhov system (). Tus thawj coj tsuas yog yuav tsum mus rau nws tus account nqis, xaiv "Cov koom haum" tab thiab caw ib tus neeg ua haujlwm. Thaum nws lees txais cov lus caw, hauv ntu "Access to systems" koj tuaj yeem pom koj lub txhab nyiaj (tom qab teeb tsa kev koom ua ke nrog nws) thiab muab cov neeg siv nkag mus rau koj tus kheej tus account. Hauv qhov no, tsis tas yuav hloov mus rau nws tus lej xov tooj lossis token siv los kos npe rau cov ntaub ntawv them nyiaj.
Txuas rau cov kev pabcuam EDF
Cov kev pabcuam rau kev sib pauv cov ntaub ntawv hluav taws xob yog qhov yooj yim, thiab kev ua haujlwm hauv chaw taws teeb thoob ntiaj teb tau ua rau lawv tsuas yog tsim nyog. Client 1C: Enterprise koom ua ke nrog lawv, tab sis raws li txoj cai EDI tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau siv daim ntawv kos npe hluav taws xob tsim nyog.
Nws tsuas tuaj yeem sau cia rau ntawm lub flash drive lossis khaws cia hauv huab kev pabcuam uas muaj cov ntawv pov thawj tsim nyog los ntawm cov tswj hwm hauv tsev.
Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom upload ib qho hluav taws xob kos npe rau ib qho nruab nrab lossis khaws cia rau hauv VPS, yog li feem ntau tus accountant ua haujlwm nrog kev tswj cov ntaub ntawv hluav taws xob los ntawm lub computer hauv zos los ntawm kev ntxig lub flash drive. Ib daim ntawv pov thawj cryptographic cov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej (lub npe hu ua cryptoprovider) thiab daim ntawv pov thawj hluav taws xob kos npe rau pej xeem raug teeb tsa rau nws. Nws qhov chaw kaw yog khaws cia rau ntawm lub flash drive, uas yuav tsum tau txuas nrog lub cev rau lub khoos phis tawj txhawm rau kos npe rau cov ntaub ntawv hauv cov haujlwm uas txhawb nqa txoj haujlwm no. Txhawm rau ua haujlwm nrog EDI ntawm lub vev xaib interface, koj yuav xav tau browser plugins.
Yog li hais tias lub lag luam tseem ceeb tsis tas yuav tsum tau xa mus rau ntawm tus kheej lub computer ntawm tus kws tshaj lij ua haujlwm nyob deb, VPS kuj tseem muaj txiaj ntsig, txawm li cas los xij, kev xaiv nrog lub cev token yuav tsis ua haujlwm ntawm no.
Nws yog qhov nyuaj rau hais tias tus neeg muab kev pabcuam crypto yuav coj li cas hauv ib puag ncig virtual, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum sim xa USB chaw nres nkoj mus rau VPS ntawm tus neeg siv khoom RDP. Dab tsi tseem tshuav yog huab digital kos npe tsis muaj lub cev nruab nrab, tab sis tsis yog txhua qhov kev pabcuam e-daim ntawv txaus muab cov kev pabcuam zoo li no. Los ntawm txoj kev, nws raug nqi kwv yees li ib txhiab rubles ib xyoos, tsis suav cov nqi them rau cov ntaub ntawv pauv kev pabcuam nws tus kheej, uas nyob ntawm qhov ntim.
Qhov xwm zoo yog tias yuav luag tag nrho cov kev pabcuam nrov Lavxias tau tsim kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntev, yog li koj tuaj yeem txuas rau txhua tus. Kuj tseem muaj xov xwm tsis zoo: nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm tag nrho cov ntawv, txij li ntawm cov neeg sib tw yuav muaj tseeb yog cov uas tsis siv EDI.
Teeb tsa kev nkag mus rau cov kev pabcuam siv daim ntawv pov thawj
Ntau cov kev pabcuam tso cai rau kev lees paub thiab kev tso cai yam tsis muaj tus ID nkag mus thiab lo lus zais siv SSL daim ntawv pov thawj tus neeg siv khoom, uas tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau ntawm VPS, thiab tsis yog ntawm tus accountant lub computer.
Koj tuaj yeem teeb tsa authentication ntawm cov tuam txhab web peev txheej tib yam. Yuav ua li cas:
- Yuav ib daim ntawv pov thawj ntseeg tau siv los kos npe thiab txheeb xyuas cov neeg siv khoom SSL daim ntawv pov thawj;
- Tsim cov neeg siv SSL daim ntawv pov thawj kos npe nrog daim ntawv pov thawj ntseeg siab;
- Configure web servers thov thiab txheeb xyuas cov neeg siv khoom SSL daim ntawv pov thawj;
- Nruab daim ntawv pov thawj tus neeg siv khoom rau cov neeg siv khoom siv hauv thaj chaw deb ntawm VPS.
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev xa tawm 1C: Kev lag luam rau cov lag luam me ntawm virtual servers yog qhov dav, peb tau piav qhia tsuas yog ib txoj hauv kev tsim nyog rau kev ruaj ntseg ntawm kev suav nyiaj.
VPS tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab zam kev txhim kho IT cov kev daws teeb meem tseem ceeb thiab xa cov ntaub ntawv ntiag tug mus rau tus kws tshaj lij tus kheej lub khoos phis tawj nyob deb.
Peb cia siab tias tsab xov xwm no muaj txiaj ntsig rau koj.
Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com