Docker Swarm, Kubernetes, thiab Mesos yog lub thawv nrov tshaj plaws orchestration moj khaum. Hauv nws cov lus, Arun Gupta piv cov nram qab no ntawm Docker, Swarm, thiab Kubernetes:
- Kev txhim kho hauv zos.
- Deployment functions.
- Kev siv ntau lub thawv.
- Kev pab nrhiav pom.
- Scaling qhov kev pab cuam.
- Ua haujlwm ib zaug.
- Kev koom ua ke nrog Maven.
- "Rolling" hloov tshiab.
- Tsim ib couchbase database cluster.
Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tau txais kev nkag siab meej txog dab tsi txhua lub cuab yeej orchestration muaj los muab thiab kawm paub siv cov platforms zoo.
Arun Gupta yog tus kws tshaj lij thev naus laus zis rau cov khoom lag luam qhib ntawm Amazon Web Services, uas tau tsim lub Hnub, Oracle, Red Hat thiab Couchbase tsim cov zej zog rau ntau tshaj 10 xyoo. Muaj kev paub dhau los ua haujlwm hauv cov thawj coj sib koom ua haujlwm tsim thiab siv lub tswv yim rau kev tshaj tawm kev lag luam thiab cov phiaj xwm. Nws coj pab pawg ntawm Sun engineers, yog ib tus tsim ntawm pab pawg Java EE thiab tus tsim ntawm US ceg ntawm Devoxx4Kids. Arun Gupta yog tus sau ntau tshaj 2 txhiab cov lus hauv IT blogs thiab tau muab kev sib tham hauv ntau dua 40 lub teb chaws.
Kab 55 muaj COUCHBASE_URI taw rau qhov kev pabcuam database, uas kuj tau tsim los siv cov ntaub ntawv teeb tsa Kubernetes. Yog tias koj saib ntawm kab 2, koj tuaj yeem pom zoo: Kev pabcuam yog qhov kev pabcuam uas kuv tab tom tsim hu ua couchbase-service, thiab tib lub npe tau teev nyob rau kab 4. Hauv qab no yog qee qhov chaw nres nkoj.
Cov kab tseem ceeb yog 6 thiab 7. Hauv kev pabcuam kuv hais tias, "Hav, cov no yog cov ntawv kuv tab tom nrhiav!", thiab cov ntawv no tsis muaj dab tsi ntau dua li cov npe sib txawv, thiab kab 7 cov ntsiab lus rau kuv couchbase-rs-pod. daim ntawv thov. Cov nram qab no yog cov chaw nres nkoj uas muab kev nkag mus rau tib daim ntawv lo.
Ntawm kab 19 Kuv tsim ib hom tshiab ReplicaSet, kab 31 muaj lub npe ntawm daim duab, thiab kab 24-27 taw tes rau cov metadata cuam tshuam nrog kuv lub pod. Qhov no yog raws nraim qhov kev pabcuam tab tom nrhiav thiab qhov kev sib txuas yuav tsum tau ua rau. Thaum kawg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj qee yam kev sib txuas ntawm kab 55-56 thiab 4, hais tias: "siv qhov kev pabcuam no!"
Yog li, kuv pib kuv qhov kev pab cuam thaum muaj cov txheej txheem replica, thiab txij li txhua qhov replica teeb muaj nws qhov chaw nres nkoj nrog cov ntawv sau sib xws, nws suav nrog cov kev pabcuam. Los ntawm tus tsim tawm qhov kev xav, koj tsuas yog hu rau qhov kev pabcuam, uas tom qab ntawd siv cov txheej txheem rov ua dua koj xav tau.
Yog li ntawd, kuv muaj WildFly pod uas sib txuas lus nrog cov ntaub ntawv rov qab ntawm Couchbase Service. Kuv tuaj yeem siv lub frontend nrog ob peb WildFly pods, uas kuj sib txuas lus nrog lub couchbase backend los ntawm cov kev pab cuam couchbase.
Tom qab ntawd peb yuav saib seb qhov kev pabcuam nyob sab nraum pawg sib txuas lus li cas los ntawm nws qhov chaw nyob IP nrog cov ntsiab lus uas nyob hauv pawg thiab muaj qhov chaw nyob IP sab hauv.
Yog li, cov thawv tsis muaj lub xeev yog qhov zoo, tab sis nws zoo npaum li cas los siv cov thawv ntim khoom? Cia peb saib ntawm qhov kev teeb tsa rau lub xeev, lossis cov thawv tsis tu ncua. Hauv Docker, muaj 4 txoj hauv kev sib txawv rau cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia uas koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau. Thawj yog Implicit Per-Container, uas txhais tau hais tias thaum siv couchbase, MySQL lossis MyDB satateful ntim, lawv txhua tus pib nrog lub neej ntawd Sandbox. Ntawd yog, txhua yam uas khaws cia hauv cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia hauv lub thawv nws tus kheej. Yog tias lub thawv ploj, cov ntaub ntawv ploj nrog nws.
Qhov thib ob yog Explicit Per-Container, thaum koj tsim ib qho chaw cia nrog docker ntim tsim cov lus txib thiab khaws cov ntaub ntawv hauv nws. Qhov thib peb Per-Host mus kom ze yog txuam nrog kev cia khoom, thaum txhua yam khaws cia hauv lub thawv yog ib txhij duplicated ntawm tus tswv tsev. Yog tias lub thawv tsis ua haujlwm, cov ntaub ntawv yuav nyob twj ywm ntawm tus tswv tsev. Qhov tom kawg yog kev siv ntau lub tswv yim Multi-Host, uas yog qhov pom zoo nyob rau theem ntawm ntau cov kev daws teeb meem. Cia peb hais tias koj cov thawv ntim nrog koj cov ntawv thov tau khiav ntawm tus tswv tsev, tab sis koj xav khaws koj cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau qhov twg hauv Is Taws Nem, thiab rau qhov no koj siv daim ntawv qhia tsis siv neeg rau cov tshuab faib.
Txhua txoj hauv kev no siv qhov chaw khaws cia tshwj xeeb. Implicit and Explicit Per-Container khaws cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tus tswv tsev ntawm /var/lib/docker/volumes. Thaum siv txoj kev Per-Host, qhov chaw cia yog mounted rau hauv lub thawv, thiab lub thawv nws tus kheej yog mounted rau tus tswv tsev. Rau multihosts, kev daws teeb meem xws li Ceph, ClusterFS, NFS, thiab lwm yam tuaj yeem siv.
Yog tias lub thawv ntim tsis tu ncua, cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia yuav nkag tsis tau hauv thawj ob kis, tab sis ob qhov kawg kev nkag mus tau raug tswj xyuas. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv thawj rooj plaub, koj tuaj yeem nkag mus rau qhov chaw cia khoom los ntawm Docker host khiav ntawm lub tshuab virtual. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thib ob, cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsis poob ib qho, vim tias koj tau tsim ib qho kev cia siab.
Yog tias tus tswv tsev tsis ua haujlwm, cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia tsis muaj nyob hauv thawj peb qhov xwm txheej; Thaum kawg, kev sib koom ua haujlwm tau raug cais tawm tag nrho rau kev khaws cia hauv thawj rooj plaub thiab ua tau nyob rau hauv qhov seem. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thib ob, koj tuaj yeem sib faib cia nyob ntawm seb koj cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa kev faib khoom lossis tsis. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Per-Host, cov ntaub ntawv faib yog ua tau tsuas yog ntawm ib tug muab host, thiab rau ib tug multihost nws yog muab los ntawm pawg expansion.
Qhov no yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum tsim cov thawv ntim khoom. Lwm cov cuab yeej Docker muaj txiaj ntsig yog Volume plugin, uas ua haujlwm ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm "cov roj teeb tam sim no, tab sis yuav tsum tau hloov." Thaum koj pib lub thawv Docker, nws hais tias, "Hav, thaum koj pib lub thawv nrog cov ntaub ntawv, koj tuaj yeem khaws koj cov ntaub ntawv hauv lub thawv no!" Qhov no yog lub neej ntawd feature, tab sis koj tuaj yeem hloov nws. Qhov plugin no tso cai rau koj siv lub network tsav lossis ib yam dab tsi zoo sib xws es tsis txhob ntim cov ntaub ntawv. Nws suav nrog tus tsav tsheb tsis zoo rau kev khaws cia hauv tsev thiab tso cai rau lub thawv sib xyaw nrog cov khoom siv sab nraud xws li Amazon EBS, Azure Storage thiab GCE Persistent disks.
Cov swb tom ntej no qhia txog kev tsim qauv ntawm Docker Volume plugin.
Cov xim xiav sawv cev rau Docker tus neeg siv khoom cuam tshuam nrog xiav Docker host, uas muaj lub tshuab cia hauv zos uas muab cov thawv ntim rau koj khaws cov ntaub ntawv. Ntsuab qhia txog Plugin Client thiab Plugin Daemon, uas tseem txuas nrog tus tswv tsev. Lawv muab lub sijhawm los khaws cov ntaub ntawv hauv network cia ntawm hom Storage Backend koj xav tau.
Docker Volume plugin tuaj yeem siv nrog Portworx cia. PX-Dev module yog tiag tiag lub thawv koj khiav uas txuas rau koj tus tswv Docker thiab tso cai rau koj khaws cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim ntawm Amazon EBS.
Tus neeg siv khoom Portworx tso cai rau koj los saib xyuas cov xwm txheej ntawm ntau lub thawv ntim khoom uas txuas nrog koj tus tswv tsev. Yog tias koj mus ntsib kuv qhov blog, koj tuaj yeem nyeem yuav ua li cas thiaj li ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Portworx nrog Docker.
Lub tswv yim ntawm kev khaws cia hauv Kubernetes zoo ib yam li Docker thiab tau sawv cev los ntawm cov npe uas nkag tau rau hauv koj lub thawv hauv lub plhaub. Lawv muaj kev ywj pheej ntawm lub neej ntawm txhua lub thawv. Cov hom khaws cia ntau tshaj plaws muaj yog hostPath, nfs, awsElasticBlockStore, thiab gsePersistentDisk. Cia peb saib seb cov khw no ua haujlwm li cas hauv Kubernetes. Feem ntau, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib txuas lawv muaj 3 kauj ruam.
Thawj qhov yog tias ib tus neeg nyob rau sab network, feem ntau yog tus thawj coj, muab rau koj nrog kev khaws cia tsis tu ncua. Muaj cov ntaub ntawv PersistentVolume configuration sib raug rau qhov no. Tom ntej no, tus tsim tawm daim ntawv thov sau cov ntaub ntawv teeb tsa hu ua PersistentVolumeClaim, lossis daim ntawv thov PVC cia, uas hais tias: "Kuv muaj 50GB ntawm kev faib chaw cia, tab sis kom lwm tus neeg siv nws lub peev xwm, Kuv tab tom qhia PVC no tias kuv tam sim no. xav tau tsuas yog 10 GB". Thaum kawg, qhov thib peb kauj ruam yog tias koj qhov kev thov yog mounted li cia, thiab daim ntawv thov uas muaj cov pod, los yog replica set, los yog ib yam dab tsi zoo sib xws, pib siv nws. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov txheej txheem no muaj 3 kauj ruam uas tau hais tseg thiab tuaj yeem ua kom loj tuaj.
Cov slide tom ntej no qhia txog Kubernetes Persistence Container ntawm AWS architecture.
Sab hauv cov duab plaub xim av uas sawv cev rau Kubernetes pawg, muaj ib tus tswv ntawm thiab ob tus neeg ua haujlwm, qhia hauv daj. Ib qho ntawm cov neeg ua hauj lwm nodes muaj cov txiv kab ntxwv txiv kab ntxwv, cia, ib tug replica controller, thiab ntsuab Docker Couchbase thawv. Sab hauv pawg, saum toj nodes, lub duab plaub liab liab qhia tias Kev Pabcuam nkag tau los ntawm sab nraud. Cov qauv no tau pom zoo rau khaws cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub cuab yeej nws tus kheej. Yog tias tsim nyog, kuv tuaj yeem khaws kuv cov ntaub ntawv hauv EBS sab nraum pawg, raws li qhia hauv daim slide tom ntej. Qhov no yog ib qho qauv zoo rau kev ntsuas, tab sis muaj ib qho nyiaj txiag los xav txog thaum siv nws - khaws cov ntaub ntawv ib qho ntawm lub network yuav kim dua li ntawm tus tswv tsev. Thaum xaiv cov kev daws teeb meem containerization, qhov no yog ib qho kev sib cav hnyav.
Ib yam li Docker, koj tuaj yeem siv cov thawv Kubernetes tsis tu ncua nrog Portworx.
Qhov no yog dab tsi nyob rau hauv tam sim no Kubernetes 1.6 terminology hu ua "StatefulSet" - ib txoj hauv kev ua haujlwm nrog Stateful daim ntawv thov uas ua cov txheej xwm hais txog kev txwv lub Pod thiab ua haujlwm zoo kaw. Nyob rau hauv peb cov ntaub ntawv, xws li daim ntawv thov yog databases. Hauv kuv qhov blog koj tuaj yeem nyeem yuav ua li cas los tsim StatefulSet hauv Kubernetes siv Portworx.
Cia peb tham txog qhov kev tsim kho. Raws li kuv tau hais, Docker muaj ob hom - CE thiab EE. Tus thawj yog Community Edition ruaj khov, uas hloov kho txhua peb lub hlis, piv rau EE version txhua hli. Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm Docker rau Mac. Linux los yog WindowsThaum twg ntsia tau lawm, Docker yuav hloov kho nws tus kheej, ua rau nws yooj yim heev rau kev pib.
Rau Kubernetes, Kuv nyiam qhov Minikube version - nws yog txoj hauv kev zoo los pib nrog lub platform los ntawm kev tsim ib pawg ntawm ib leeg. Txhawm rau tsim cov pawg ntawm ntau cov nodes, kev xaiv ntawm cov qauv yog dav dua: cov no yog kops, kube-aws (CoreOS + AWS), kube-up (outdated). Yog tias koj tab tom nrhiav siv AWS-based Kubernetes, kuv pom zoo kom koom nrog AWS SIG, uas sib ntsib hauv online txhua hnub Friday thiab tshaj tawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv nthuav dav ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog AWS Kubernetes.
Cia peb saib yuav ua li cas Rolling Update tau ua tiav ntawm cov platforms no. Yog hais tias muaj ib pawg ntawm ob peb lub nodes, ces nws siv ib tug tshwj xeeb version ntawm daim duab, piv txwv li, WildFly: 1. Ib qho hloov tshiab dov txhais tau hais tias cov duab version tau hloov pauv nrog ib qho tshiab ntawm txhua qhov, ib qho tom qab.
Ua li no, kuv siv docker service update (service name) command, nyob rau hauv uas kuv qhia tus tshiab version ntawm lub WildFly: 2 duab thiab hloov tshiab txoj kev hloov tshiab-parallelism 2. Tus naj npawb 2 txhais tau hais tias lub kaw lus yuav hloov kho 2 daim ntawv thov dluab. tib lub sijhawm, tom qab ntawd qhov hloov tshiab 10-thib ob ncua sijhawm 10s, tom qab ntawd 2 cov duab tom ntej yuav raug hloov kho ntawm 2 qhov ntxiv, thiab lwm yam. Qhov yooj yim dov hloov tshiab mechanism yog muab rau koj raws li ib feem ntawm Docker.
Hauv Kubernetes, qhov hloov tshiab dov ua haujlwm zoo li no. Lub replication controller rc tsim ib txheej ntawm replicas ntawm tib lub version, thiab txhua lub pod nyob rau hauv no webapp-rc yog muab nrog ib daim ntawv lo nyob rau hauv lwm yam. Thaum kuv xav tau pod, Kuv siv Daim Ntawv Thov Kev Pabcuam nkag mus rau lwm yam cia, uas muab rau kuv nrog cov pod siv cov ntawv teev npe.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, peb muaj 3 pods nyob rau hauv lub Replication maub los khiav lub WildFly version 1 daim ntawv thov thaum hloov kho nyob rau hauv keeb kwm yav dhau, lwm replication controller yog tsim nrog tib lub npe thiab Performance index nyob rau hauv lub kawg - - xxxxx, qhov twg x yog random tooj, thiab. nrog tib daim ntawv lo. Tam sim no Daim Ntawv Thov Kev Pabcuam muaj peb lub pods nrog cov qub version ntawm daim ntawv thov thiab peb pods nrog cov tshiab version nyob rau hauv tus tshiab Replication controller. Tom qab no, cov qub pods raug muab tshem tawm, tus replication maub los nrog cov pods tshiab yog renamed thiab muab tso rau hauv lub lag luam.
Cia peb mus saib xyuas. Docker muaj ntau cov lus txib saib xyuas uas ua tiav lawm. Piv txwv li, lub docker container stats command-line interface tso cai rau koj luam tawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lub thawv txhua ob rau lub console, suav nrog CPU thiab disk siv, thiab network load. Lub cuab yeej Docker Remote API muab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog tus neeg siv khoom sib txuas lus nrog lub server li cas. Nws siv cov lus txib yooj yim, tab sis raws li Docker REST API. Hauv qhov no, cov lus REST, Flash, thiab Remote txhais tau tib yam. Thaum koj sib txuas lus nrog tus tswv tsev, nws yog REST API. Docker Remote API tso cai rau koj kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv txog kev khiav cov thawv. Kuv cov ntawv blog piav qhia txog yuav siv cov cuab yeej saib xyuas no li cas nrog Windows Server.
Kev soj ntsuam cov txheej txheem docker thaum khiav ntau lub koom haum ua rau nws tuaj yeem tau txais cov ntaub ntawv hais txog tus tswv tsev sib tsoo lossis lub thawv sib tsoo ntawm ib tus tswv tsev tshwj xeeb, cov kev pabcuam scaling, thiab lwm yam. Pib nrog Docker 1.20, nws suav nrog Prometheus, uas embeds endpoints rau hauv cov ntawv thov uas twb muaj lawm. Qhov no tso cai rau koj kom tau txais kev ntsuas ntawm HTTP thiab tso rau hauv dashboards.
Lwm qhov kev saib xyuas yog cAdvisor (luv luv rau lub thawv advisor). Nws txheeb xyuas thiab muab cov peev txheej siv thiab cov ntaub ntawv kev ua tau zoo los ntawm cov thawv khiav, muab Prometheus metrics tawm ntawm lub thawv. Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov cuab yeej no yog tias nws tsuas yog muab cov ntaub ntawv rau 60 vib nas this kawg. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum muaj peev xwm sau cov ntaub ntawv no thiab muab tso rau hauv ib lub database kom koj tuaj yeem saib xyuas cov txheej txheem mus sij hawm ntev. Nws kuj tseem siv tau los tso saib dashboard metrics graphically siv Grafana lossis Kibana. Kuv blog muaj cov lus piav qhia ntxaws txog kev siv cAdvisor los saib xyuas cov ntim khoom siv Kibana dashboard.
Cov slides tom ntej no qhia tau hais tias Prometheus endpoint output zoo li cas thiab cov kev ntsuas muaj los tso saib.
Hauv qab sab laug koj pom kev ntsuas rau HTTP thov, cov lus teb, thiab lwm yam, ntawm sab xis yog lawv cov duab kos duab.
Kubernetes kuj suav nrog cov cuab yeej saib xyuas ua ke. Qhov kev swb no qhia tau hais tias ib pawg muaj xws li ib tus tswv thiab peb tus neeg ua haujlwm nodes.
Txhua qhov chaw ua haujlwm muaj ib qho kev tso tawm cAdvisor. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj Heapster, kev saib xyuas kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ntsuas kev sau cov txheej txheem sib xws nrog Kubernetes version 1.0.6 thiab siab dua. Heapster tso cai rau koj los sau tsis tau tsuas yog kev ntsuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm, cov pods thiab ntim khoom, tab sis kuj muaj cov xwm txheej thiab lwm yam teeb liab tsim los ntawm tag nrho pawg. Txhawm rau sau cov ntaub ntawv, nws tham nrog txhua lub pod's Kubelet, cia li khaws cov ntaub ntawv hauv InfluxDB database, thiab tso tawm nws raws li kev ntsuas rau Grafana dashboard. Txawm li cas los xij, nco ntsoov tias yog tias koj siv miniKube, qhov tshwj xeeb no tsis muaj los ntawm lub neej ntawd, yog li koj yuav tau siv addons rau kev saib xyuas. Yog li nws tag nrho nyob ntawm qhov chaw koj khiav lub ntim thiab cov cuab yeej saib xyuas koj tuaj yeem siv los ntawm lub neej ntawd thiab qhov twg koj yuav tsum tau nruab ua cais add-ons.
Cov slides tom ntej no qhia Grafana dashboards uas qhia cov xwm txheej khiav ntawm kuv lub thawv. Muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv nthuav tawm ntawm no. Tau kawg, muaj ntau yam lag luam Docker thiab Kubernetes cov txheej txheem saib xyuas, xws li SysDig, DataDog, NewRelic. Qee tus ntawm lawv muaj 30-xyoo kev sim pub dawb, yog li koj tuaj yeem sim thiab nrhiav qhov uas haum koj tshaj plaws. Tus kheej, kuv nyiam siv SysDig thiab NewRelic, uas koom ua ke zoo nrog Kubernetes. Muaj cov cuab yeej sib koom ua ke zoo sib xws rau Docker thiab Kubernetes platforms.
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