Ntawm no yog qhov tsis ncaj ncees, tsis meej pem thiab tsis yog kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm Ubuntu Linux 20.04 operating system thiab nws tsib txoj haujlwm ntau yam. Yog tias koj txaus siab rau kernel versions, glibc, snapd thiab lub xub ntiag ntawm kev sim kev sib tham, qhov no tsis yog qhov chaw rau koj. Yog tias qhov no yog koj thawj zaug hnov txog Linux thiab koj xav nkag siab tias tus neeg uas tau siv Ubuntu li cas yim xyoo xav txog nws, ces qhov no yog qhov chaw rau koj. Yog tias koj tsuas yog xav saib ib yam dab tsi tsis nyuaj, me ntsis ironic thiab nrog cov duab, ces qhov no yog qhov chaw rau koj thiab. Yog hais tias nws zoo nkaus li rau koj tias muaj ntau qhov tsis raug, omissions thiab distortions nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav thiab muaj ib tug tag nrho tsis muaj logic - tej zaum qhov no yog li ntawd, tab sis qhov no yog ib tug uas tsis yog-tshuaj ntsuam xyuas thiab biased.
Ua ntej, qhia luv luv rau lub ncauj lus. Kev khiav hauj lwm systems muaj: , thiab Linux. Txhua tus tau hnov txog Windows, thiab txhua tus tau siv nws. Yuav luag txhua tus tau hnov txog Makosi, tab sis tsis yog txhua tus tau siv nws. Tsis yog txhua tus tau hnov txog Linux, thiab tsuas yog lub siab tawv thiab siab tawv tshaj tau siv nws.
Muaj ntau Linuxs. Windows yog ib qho system, MacOS kuj yog ib qho. Tau kawg, lawv muaj versions: xya, yim, kaum lossis High Sierra, Mojave, Catalina. Tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, qhov no yog ib tug system, uas yog ib txwm ua los ntawm ib lub tuam txhab. Muaj ntau pua Linuxes, thiab lawv yog tsim los ntawm cov neeg sib txawv thiab cov tuam txhab.
Vim li cas thiaj muaj ntau Linuxs? Linux nws tus kheej tsis yog ib qho kev khiav hauj lwm, tab sis lub ntsiav, uas yog, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Yog tsis muaj kernel, tsis muaj dab tsi ua haujlwm, tab sis cov ntsiav nws tus kheej yog siv me ntsis rau cov neeg siv nruab nrab. Koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv ib pawg ntawm lwm cov khoom rau lub ntsiav, thiab txhawm rau kom tag nrho cov no yuav tsum tau nrog cov qhov rais zoo nkauj, cov cim thiab cov duab ntawm lub desktop, koj kuj yuav tsum rub lub npe hu ua. graphical plhaub. Lub hauv paus yog tsim los ntawm qee tus neeg, cov khoom siv ntxiv los ntawm lwm tus neeg, thiab lub plhaub graphical los ntawm lwm tus. Muaj ntau yam khoom thiab cov plhaub, thiab lawv tuaj yeem sib xyaw ua ke sib txawv. Yog li ntawd, plaub tus neeg tshwm sim uas muab txhua yam ua ke thiab npaj lub operating system nws tus kheej hauv nws daim ntawv li niaj zaus. Hauv lwm lo lus - kev faib khoom siv Linux. Ib tus neeg tuaj yeem ua cov khoom siv faib khoom, yog li muaj ntau cov khoom siv faib khoom. Los ntawm txoj kev, "Lavxias teb sab operating systems" yog Linux distributions, thiab los ntawm Lavxias teb sab tsuas muaj boring desktop wallpapers, cais cov kev pab cuam, ntxiv rau cov cuab yeej muaj ntawv pov thawj rau kev ua hauj lwm nrog lub xeev secrets thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv tsis pub lwm tus paub.
Txij li thaum muaj ntau qhov kev faib tawm, nws nyuaj rau xaiv, thiab qhov no yuav ua rau mob taub hau ntxiv rau txhua tus neeg uas txiav txim siab pheej hmoo thiab tseem sim tawm Windows (lossis MacOS). Tsis tas li ntawd, tau kawg, rau ntau qhov teeb meem xws li: "oh, Linux yog qhov nyuaj," "nws tsuas yog rau cov programmers," "Kuv yuav tsis ua tiav," "Kuv ntshai kab hais kom ua." Ntxiv rau, raws li ib txwm muaj, cov neeg tsim khoom thiab cov neeg siv khoom sib txawv tau sib cav tsis tu ncua txog nws qhov Linux txias dua.
Linux kev faib tawm tau tawm tsam nrog kev sib koom ua ke tawm tsam Microsoft lub hegemony. Tus sau ntawm daim duab qub yog S. Yolkin, thiab cov ntsiab lus uas ploj lawm tau ua tiav los ntawm tus sau tsab xov xwm
Kuv txiav txim siab hloov kho qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm kuv lub computer thiab pib xaiv. Muaj ib zaug kuv muaj kev lom zem zoo li no - Kuv rub tawm Linux faib thiab sim lawv. Tab sis qhov ntawd tau ntev dhau los. Linux tau hloov txij thaum ntawd los, yog li nws yuav tsis mob rau kev sim dua.
Tawm ntawm ntau pua, kuv coj rau. Txhua yam yog ntau yam . Ubuntu yog ib qho ntawm cov kev faib khoom nrov tshaj plaws. Raws li Ubuntu, lawv tau ua ib pawg ntawm lwm qhov kev faib tawm (yog, yog, lawv kuj tseem sib ntxiv zoo li qhov no: los ntawm ib qho Linux lwm qhov sib sau ua ke, ntawm nws lub hauv paus - ib feem peb, tom qab plaub, thiab lwm yam kom txog thaum tsis muaj qhov tshiab ntxiv. wallpapers rau lub desktop). Kuv siv ib qho ntawm cov kev faib tawm no (los ntawm txoj kev, Lavxias - hu ua), yog li kuv pib sim Ubuntu thiab nws cov nom ntau yam. xya. Ntawm xya no, koj tsis tas yuav saib ob, vim ib tug ntawm lawv , thiab lwm yam rau . Cia peb saib ntawm tsib ntxiv ntxiv rau qhov qub. Ntawm chav kawm, nws yog heev subjective thiab nrog ib pawg ntawm cov lus hais txog.
Ubuntu
Ubuntu yog tus thawj. Hauv slang - "vanilla Ubuntu", los ntawm vanilla - txheem, tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb nta. Qhov seem tsib qhov kev faib tawm yog raws li nws thiab sib txawv tsuas yog nyob rau hauv graphical plhaub: desktop, windows, vaj huam sib luag thiab cov nyees khawm. Ubuntu nws tus kheej zoo li MacOS, tsuas yog lub vaj huam sib luag tsis nyob hauv qab, tab sis sab laug (tab sis koj tuaj yeem txav nws mus). Tias txhua yam yog lus Askiv - Kuv tsuas yog tub nkeeg dhau los hloov nws; qhov tseeb, muaj Lavxias nyob ntawd thiab.
Ubuntu tam sim ntawd tom qab booting
Tus miv tua nrog nws ob lub qhov muag yog qhov tseeb . Zoo ib yam li miv, tab sis qhov tseeb belongs rau lwm tsev neeg. Nyob hauv Madagascar. Txhua lub version ntawm Ubuntu muaj nws tus kheej lub npe code: tsiaj thiab qee yam adjective. Version 20.04 hu ua Focal Fossa. Focal yog ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv kev nkag siab ntawm "central point", thiab Fossa tseem nco txog - Dawb thiab Qhib Qhov Chaw Software, qhib qhov software dawb. Yog li hauv daim duab Fossa tab tom tsom rau ib yam dab tsi.
Thaum xub thawj siab ib muag yog qhov zoo, tab sis nws deteriorates thaum koj pib ua hauj lwm. Yog tias koj tsis pom lub vaj huam sib luag li niaj zaus nrog qhib qhov rais, zoo li hauv Windows, ces txhua yam yog tseeb: tsis muaj vaj huam sib luag zoo li no. Thiab muaj cov cim ntawm kev khiav haujlwm uas tau hais tseg, thiab lwm yam - Cov haujlwm, uas zoo ib yam li cov npe qhib cov kev pabcuam hauv Android.
Peb kawm hloov ntawm qhov rais hauv Ubuntu: rub tus nas mus rau Kev Ua Si, nyem, taw tes rau ntawm lub qhov rais, nyem dua. Saib seb nws yooj yim npaum li cas?
Nws zoo nkaus li zoo nkauj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog cov duab zoo nkauj du, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev yooj yim nws tsis zoo heev. Nws yuav zoo yog tias txhua yam kuv ua tau yog mloog nkauj thiab saib cov yeeb yaj kiab yam tsis tau tawm hauv browser - tab sis kuv yuav tsum tau hloov mus tas li ntawm cov kev pab cuam, thiab 10 windows qhib tib lub sijhawm tsis yog qhov tsis tshua muaj. Tam sim no cia peb xav txog: txhua zaus koj yuav tsum rub tus nas mus rau qhov chaw, nyem ib yam dab tsi, luag nws qhov chaw dua (thiab tshawb rau lub qhov rai uas xav tau tsis yog los ntawm lub npe, tab sis los ntawm ib daim duab me me), nyem dua ... Feem ntau, tom qab ib qho teev koj mam li xav muab pov tseg tam sim no system thiab tsis rov qab mus rau nws. Koj tuaj yeem, tau kawg, siv Alt-Tabs los hloov lub qhov rais, tab sis qhov no kuj yog qhov ua kom yuam kev.
Los ntawm txoj kev, nws zoo li Android rau ib qho laj thawj. Xyoo 2011, qee cov neeg txawj ntse uas tau ua , pom lub iPad thiab xav tias: “Qhov no yog yav tom ntej. Cia peb ua lub interface kom nws zoo li Apple's thiab kom nws tuaj yeem siv rau ntawm lub ntsiav tshuaj. Ces tag nrho cov ntsiav tshuaj yuav muaj peb graphical plhaub, peb nyob rau hauv chocolate, thiab " Raws li qhov tshwm sim, Android ntsiav tshuaj muaj I-Axis, thiab txawm tias Microsoft tawm mus. Windows tseem ciaj sia thiab zoo, tab sis qhov qub Ubuntu interface yog screwed. Thiab, tau kawg, tsuas yog cov neeg nyiam tshaj plaws siv Ubuntu ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj (Kuv mam li hais tam sim ntawd - Kuv tsis tau sim). Tej zaum peb yuav tsum tau dov txhua yam rov qab, tab sis dhau kaum xyoo kev siv zog thiab nyiaj txiag tau nqis peev hauv qhov kev sib txuas no uas nws txuas ntxiv tsim. Zoo, kuv yuav hais li cas... Tsawg kawg nws tseem zoo nraug. Raws li kev yooj yim ntawm kev siv, nws zoo li koj tuaj yeem nruab qee qhov add-ons uas yuav rov qab lub vaj huam sib luag nrog lub qhov rais. Tab sis kuv tsis tshua xav sim nrog lawv.
Ntxiv rau kuv kuj tau mus saib cov peev txheej siv - Ubunta noj ib gigabyte ntawm RAM tam sim ntawd tom qab booting. Nws yuav luag zoo li Windows. Tsis ua tsaug. Tus so zoo li ib txwm muaj.
Kubunta
Yog tias Ubuntu zoo li MacOS, ces - rau Windu. Saib rau koj tus kheej.
Kubunta tam sim ntawd tom qab thauj khoom. Lub npe code kuj yog Focal Fossa, tab sis daim duab txawv
Ntawm no, hmoov zoo, tsis muaj kev sim los tsim ib qho system rau lub ntsiav tshuaj, tab sis muaj kev sim los tsim ib qho chaw ua haujlwm zoo rau lub khoos phis tawj desktop. Lub desktop ib puag ncig hu ua KDE - tsis txhob nug dab tsi nws sawv cev rau. Hauv kev sib piv - "sneakers". Yog li ntawd tus "K" nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm lub operating system. Lawv feem ntau nyiam tsab ntawv "K": yog tias nws ua haujlwm, lawv ntxiv lub npe ntawm qhov program rau qhov pib; yog tias nws tsis ua haujlwm, tsis muaj teeb meem, lawv ntxiv rau qhov kawg ntawm lub npe. Yam tsawg kawg lawv yuav kos rau ntawm daim paib.
Nws puas nco koj txog Windu?
Lub tswv yim xim zoo ib yam li "kaum", thiab txawm tias "ding" thaum ib qho kev ceeb toom tshwm zoo ib yam ... Ua siab ncaj, tsis yog Kubunta, tab sis qee yam ntawm Windubunta. Ib qho kev sim "mow" nyob rau hauv Windows mus kom deb li deb uas koj tuaj yeem teeb tsa cov nyees khawm zoo li hauv Windows - txawm li cas los xij, rau qee qhov laj thawj, zoo li hauv Windows 95 (saib lub screenshot hauv qhov chaw nyob hauv qab sab laug). Tau kawg, lub kaw lus tuaj yeem "hloov", vim tias txhua yam hauv Linux tuaj yeem hloov kho, thiab tom qab ntawd nws yuav tsis zoo li Windows, tab sis koj tseem yuav tsum tau nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw. Yog lawm, tsuas yog nyob rau hauv rooj plaub: yog tias koj qhib lub qhov rais thiab cov nyees khawm los ntawm 95, ces lub kaw lus tseem yuav siv cov peev txheej zoo li xyoo 2020. Muaj tseeb, nws yog qhov me me hauv qhov no: qee qhov 400 MB ntawm lub cim xeeb tom qab thauj khoom yuav luag tsis muaj dab tsi. Kuv twb tsis cia siab rau nws. Muaj cov lus xaiv tsis tu ncua uas "sneakers" qeeb thiab tshaib plab. Tab sis zoo li tsis yog. Txwv tsis pub, nws yog tib lub Ubunta, vim technically nws yog tib lub system. Tej zaum qee qhov kev pab cuam txawv, tab sis Firefox thiab Libra Office kuj muaj.
Ubunta Mate
yog ib qho kev sim rov tsim Ubuntu raws li nws tau ua ua ntej 2011. Ntawd yog, kom txog rau thaum tus thawj txiav txim siab los ua ib qho system rau cov ntsiav tshuaj thiab ua li kuv tau qhia saum toj no. Tom qab ntawd qee cov neeg txawj ntse uas tsis xav tso tseg tau coj tus lej ntawm cov duab qub qub thiab pib ua kom zoo dua thiab txhawb nqa nws. Kuv nco qab zoo tias tom qab ntawd kuv tau saib lawv txoj haujlwm raws li kev sim tsim cov zombies thiab xav tias: "Zoo, tsis ua li cas, qhov project yog qhov tsis pom tseeb, nws yuav tig mus rau ob peb xyoos thiab kaw." Tab sis ntawm no nws yog - nws tau muaj sia nyob thiab zoo rau yuav luag kaum xyoo, nws tseem suav nrog ntau yam ntawm Ubuntu. Muaj tshwm sim. Txawm li cas los xij, tib neeg txoj kev ntshaw rau classics yog ineradicable.
Yog, yog, muaj ob lub panels! Yog tias muaj dab tsi, cov vaj huam sib luag yog ob kab kab grey saum toj thiab hauv qab
Mate yog MATE, lub npe ntawm no ntsuab graphical plhaub. Mate yog , xws li South American nroj tsuag, yog li ntawd nws yog ntsuab. Thiab khub niam txiv kuj yog ib tug phooj ywg, yog li lawv hint ntawm "kev phooj ywg". Mate tsis zoo li txhua yam - tsis yog Windu lossis MaKos. Nws zoo li nws tus kheej, lossis zoo li, zoo li lub tswv yim qub los ntawm Linux ntawm 90s thiab XNUMXs: ua kom tsis yog ib lub vaj huam sib luag nrog lub qhov rais thiab cov cim, tab sis ob: ib qho nrog lub qhov rais, lwm qhov nrog cov cim. Zoo, qhov zoo, nws ua haujlwm. Los ntawm txoj kev, koj tuaj yeem pom plaub daim duab plaub ntxiv nyob rau sab xis sab xis - qhov no yog lub desktop hloov pauv. Hauv Windows, qhov zoo li no tsis ntev los no tau tshwm sim, hauv Linux nws tau muaj txij li lub sijhawm tsis ntev los no. Zoo li, koj tuaj yeem qhib ib yam dab tsi rau kev lag luam ntawm ib lub desktop, tom qab ntawd hloov mus rau lwm lub desktop thiab zaum ntawm VKontakte muaj. Muaj tseeb, kuv yuav luag tsis tau siv ntau dua ib lub desktop.
Yog tias koj qhib ntau lub qhov rais, nws yuav zoo li no
Txwv tsis pub, nws yog tib yam Ubuntu, thiab hais txog kev siv peev txheej thiab nrawm - zoo li tus thawj. Nws kuj tau yooj yim noj ib gigabyte ntawm lub cim xeeb tom qab thauj khoom. Kuv tsis xav tias kuv thov txim, tab sis nws tseem ua rau qee yam kev phem.
Ubunta-Baji
ua qhov tsis yooj yim sua: kom dhau los ua zoo ib yam li MaKos dua li Ubuntu. Badji yog lub npe , nyob li cas xwb. Txawm hais tias koj zaum twv nws tus kheej.
Dawb MacOS Ubuntu-Badji tam sim ntawd tom qab rub tawm
Kuv piav qhia qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb no tshwm sim li cas. Thaum xyoo 2011 qee cov neeg txawj ntse txiav txim siab los ua Ubuntu rau lub ntsiav tshuaj ... yog, yog, yog thaum nws tag nrho pib ib yam nkaus :) Yog li, thaum qee tus neeg tsis pom zoo sim tsim cov zombies (raws li nws muab tawm, ua tiav zoo), lwm tus txiav txim siab. los tsim es tsis txhob ntawm zombies Fundamentally Tus txiv neej tshiab yuav muaj lub plhaub graphical tshiab, uas nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev yooj yim ntawm kev siv yuav yog hais txog tib yam li tus qub thiab tsis raug tailored rau cov ntsiav tshuaj, tab sis nws yuav yog tag nrho cov txias, fashionable, thiab technologically. advanced. Peb tau ua thiab ua thiab tau txais qee yam zoo ib yam li MaKos. Tib lub sijhawm, tus tsim ntawm thawj Ubuntu kuj tau ua thiab ua thiab tau txais qee yam zoo li MaKos. Tab sis Badji, hauv kuv lub tswv yim, yog me ntsis zoo ib yam: tom qab tag nrho, lub vaj huam sib luag nrog cov cim yog nyob hauv qab, thiab tsis nyob rau sab. Qhov no, txawm li cas los xij, tsis ua rau nws yooj yim dua: tib txoj kev, kuv tsis nkag siab tias yuav hloov li cas ntawm windows, Kuv tsis tau nkag siab tam sim ntawd nyem qhov twg.
Tej zaum koj pom xws li me me, me me hauv qab lub cim zoo? Qhov no txhais tau hais tias qhov kev pab cuam tab tom khiav
Feem ntau, hais txog kev yooj yim thiab kev siv peev txheej, nws txawv me ntsis ntawm qhov qub - tib lub gigabyte, raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, thiab tib yam teeb meem nrog "kev txi yooj yim rau kev zoo nkauj." Ntxiv rau, cov kab ke no yuav tsum muaj ib qho teeb meem ntxiv: Baji tseem yog qhov tsis tshua muaj neeg nyiam tshaj Ubuntu, yog li qhov muaj feem uas nws tuaj yeem ua tau yooj yim raws li koj nyiam thiab kho yog tias muaj qee yam tsis zoo yog tsawg dua.
Lubunta
- Qhov no yog Ubuntu rau cov khoos phis tawj tsis zoo nrog lub zog me me. "L" txhais tau tias khaub-ncaws nyias, uas yog, lub teeb yuag. Zoo, kuv yuav tsis hu 400 MB ntawm RAM tom qab booting kiag li "lub teeb," tab sis tsis ua li cas, cia peb coj peb lo lus rau nws.
Loaded, coj selfie ...
Kuj zoo ib yam li Windu thiab khau ntaub, feem. Nws tsis yog qhov xwm txheej uas cov khau ntaub yog ua raws li tib lub thev naus laus zis (Kuv yuav tsis nkag mus rau hauv cov ntsiab lus, tab sis koj tuaj yeem google "Qt"). Muaj tseeb, txhawm rau tsim qee yam sai dua thiab tsis muaj zog siv tib lub thev naus laus zis (txawm tias nws tsis ua haujlwm nrog "tsawg voracious", txiav txim siab los ntawm kev siv lub cim xeeb), peb yuav tsum tau hloov ib pawg ntawm cov kev pab cuam thiab cov khoom siv nrog lawv cov analogues. , uas zoo li yuav yooj yim dua thiab yog li ntawd sai dua ua haujlwm. Ntawm qhov tod tes, nws tig tawm zoo, tab sis hais txog qhov pom kev pom, nws tsis zoo heev.
Lub tsev kawm ntawv qub qhov rais hauv daim ntawv ntawm Windows 95. Qhov tseeb, koj tuaj yeem ua kom zoo nkauj dua, tab sis nws yuav siv sij hawm me ntsis tinkering
Zoobunta
- Qhov no yog lwm qhov "yooj yim" version ntawm Ubuntu, tab sis nrog lwm lub plhaub graphical. Lub plhaub graphical hu ua Xfce (ex-f-si-i!), thiab qee zaum lawv sau tias qhov no yog ib lub npe phem tshaj plaws hauv Linux. Nyob rau hauv lub slang - "rat", vim hais tias yog dab tsi nws lub logo yog.
Nyob rau sab laug sab saum toj koj tuaj yeem pom lub cim nrog nas lub ntsej muag - qhov no yog lub logo ntawm lub plhaub graphical. Yog, thiab nrog cov hnub qub nyob sab xis, zoo li lawv kuj tau kos lub ntsej muag
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm tsos, nws yog ib yam dab tsi ntawm Windows, MacOS thiab thawj version. Qhov tseeb, lub qhov (socket) tau yooj yim xa tuaj, thiab tom qab ntawd nws yuav zoo li Windows. Hais txog kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov peev txheej, nws zoo li Lubunta. Zuag qhia tag nrho, qhov no yog qhov ua tau zoo, tsim nyob rau hauv classic style - tsis yog super fashionable, tab sis kuj haum rau kev ua haujlwm.
tshawb pom
Tsis muaj cov lus xaus. Ntshiab saj. Ntxiv rau muaj ntau ntau nuances uas muaj kev txawj ntse thiab nyob ntawm seb leej twg yuav siv cov kev pab cuam dab tsi thiab ntau npaum li cas lawv khaus khaus hauv qab lub hood ntawm lub kaw lus, uas yog, hauv qhov chaw. Kuv tus kheej ntsuas yog tej zaum qhov no.
- Kubunta
- Zoobunta
- Ubuntu
- Ubunta Mate
- Ubunta-Baji
- Lubunta
Yog tias koj mob siab rau kev sib txuas xws li kev ntaus nqi nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm tsab xov xwm thiab nkag siab tias vim li cas qhov no yog li ntawd, tsis txhob sim. Yog tias koj tsis pom lub logic, yog, txhua yam yog qhov tseeb, nws yuav tsis nyob ntawd. Raws li kuv hais, nws yog qhov teeb meem ntawm saj. Nco ntsoov daim duab txog Vendecapian txij thaum pib ntawm tsab xov xwm.
Thiab tsis txhob hnov qab tias muaj ntau pua Linux faib. Yog li tej zaum qhov xaus yog "tsis yog Ubuntu kiag li, nkaus xwb ".
Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com