Nyob zoo, Habr! Peb pab neeg saib xyuas cov tshuab thiab ntau yam kev teeb tsa thoob plaws hauv lub tebchaws. Qhov tseem ceeb, peb muab lub sijhawm rau cov chaw tsim khoom tsis tas yuav xa tus kws tshaj lij ib zaug ntxiv thaum "oh, nws tau tawg tag nrho," tab sis qhov tseeb lawv tsuas yog xav tau nias ib lub pob. Los yog thaum nws tsoo tsis nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv, tab sis nyob ze.
Qhov teeb meem yooj yim yog cov hauv qab no. Ntawm no koj tab tom tsim cov roj tawg chav tsev, lossis cov cuab yeej siv tshuab rau kev siv tshuab engineering, lossis lwm yam khoom siv rau cov nroj tsuag. Raws li txoj cai, kev muag khoom nws tus kheej yog qhov tsis tshua muaj peev xwm ua tau: nws feem ntau yog daim ntawv cog lus thiab kev pabcuam. Ntawd yog, koj lav tias cov khoom siv kho vajtse yuav ua haujlwm rau 10 xyoo yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam, thiab rau kev cuam tshuam koj yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm nyiaj txiag, lossis muab SLAs nruj, lossis qee yam zoo sib xws.
Qhov tseeb, qhov no txhais tau hais tias koj yuav tsum tsis tu ncua xa tus engineer mus rau qhov chaw. Raws li peb qhov kev xyaum qhia, los ntawm 30 mus rau 80% ntawm kev mus ncig yog qhov tsis tsim nyog. Thawj rooj plaub - nws yuav ua tau kom paub seb dab tsi tshwm sim nyob deb. Lossis nug tus neeg teb xov tooj kom nias ob peb lub khawm thiab txhua yam yuav ua haujlwm. Qhov thib ob yog qhov "grey" schemes. Qhov no yog thaum tus engineer tawm mus, teem sijhawm hloov lossis ua haujlwm nyuaj, thiab tom qab ntawd faib cov nyiaj them rau ib nrab nrog ib tus neeg los ntawm lub Hoobkas. Los yog nws tsuas nyiam nws so nrog nws tus poj niam (qhov xwm txheej tiag tiag) thiab yog li nws nyiam tawm mus ntau zaus. Cov nroj tsuag tsis mloog.
Kev txhim kho kev soj ntsuam yuav tsum tau hloov kho cov khoom siv nrog cov ntaub ntawv kis tau tus mob, kev sib kis ntawm nws tus kheej, qee yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pas dej rau khaws cia, txheeb xyuas cov txheej txheem thiab ib puag ncig ua haujlwm nrog lub peev xwm los saib thiab sib piv txhua yam. Zoo, muaj nuances rau tag nrho cov no.
Vim li cas peb tsis tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj kev saib xyuas tej thaj chaw deb?
Nws yog corny kim. Kev mus ncig ua lag luam rau ib tus kws tshaj lij - tsawg kawg 50 txhiab rubles (lub dav hlau, tsev so, chaw nyob, nyiaj pub dawb txhua hnub). Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tsis yog ib txwm ua tau kom tawg, thiab tib neeg yuav xav tau nyob hauv ntau lub nroog.
- Nyob rau hauv Russia, tus neeg muag khoom thiab cov neeg siv khoom yuav luag ib txwm nyob deb ntawm ib leeg. Thaum koj muag ib yam khoom rau Siberia, koj tsis paub dab tsi txog nws tsuas yog tus neeg muag khoom qhia koj. Tsis yog nws ua haujlwm li cas, lossis nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej twg nws siv, lossis, qhov tseeb, leej twg nias lub pob twg nrog txhais tes nkhaus - koj lub hom phiaj tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv no, koj tsuas tuaj yeem paub nws los ntawm cov lus ntawm cov neeg siv khoom. Qhov no ua rau kev saib xyuas nyuaj heev.
- Unfounded thov kom rov hais dua thiab thov. Ntawd yog, koj cov neeg siv khoom, uas siv koj cov khoom, tuaj yeem hu, sau, yws txhua lub sijhawm thiab hais tias koj cov khoom tsis ua haujlwm, nws tsis zoo, nws tawg, tuaj sai sai thiab kho nws. Yog tias koj muaj hmoo thiab nws tsis yog "cov khoom siv tsis tau puv," ces koj tsis tau xa ib tus kws tshaj lij hauv qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Nws feem ntau tshwm sim tias kev ua haujlwm muaj txiaj ntsig tau siv sijhawm tsawg dua ib teev, thiab txhua yam ntxiv - npaj kev mus ncig ua lag luam, davhlau, kev pabcuam - txhua qhov no yuav tsum tau siv sijhawm ntau ntawm tus kws ua haujlwm.
- Muaj cov lus tsis txaus ntseeg meej meej, thiab txhawm rau ua pov thawj qhov no, koj yuav tsum xa ib tus kws tshaj lij, kos ib daim ntawv qhia, thiab mus rau hauv tsev hais plaub. Yog li ntawd, cov txheej txheem qeeb, thiab qhov no tsis coj ib yam dab tsi zoo rau cov neeg siv khoom lossis koj.
- Kev tsis sib haum xeeb tshwm sim vim qhov tseeb tias, piv txwv li, tus neeg siv khoom siv cov khoom tsis raug, tus neeg siv khoom rau qee qhov laj thawj muaj kev npau taws rau koj thiab tsis tau hais tias koj cov khoom tsis ua haujlwm raug, tsis yog nyob rau hauv cov qauv uas tau teev tseg hauv cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb thiab hauv phau passport. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, koj tsis tuaj yeem ua dab tsi tawm tsam nws, lossis koj tuaj yeem ua tau, tab sis nrog kev nyuaj, yog tias, piv txwv li, koj cov khoom lag luam qee lub cav thiab sau cov qauv ntawd. Kev tawg vim yog qhov txhaum ntawm tus neeg siv khoom - qhov no tshwm sim txhua lub sijhawm. Kuv muaj ib rooj plaub uas tus nqi kim German portal tshuab tsoo vim muaj kev sib tsoo nrog tus ncej. Tus neeg teb xov tooj tsis tau teeb tsa nws mus rau xoom, thiab vim li ntawd lub tshuab nres rau ntawd. Ntxiv mus, tus neeg siv khoom tau hais meej meej: "Peb tsis muaj dab tsi ua nrog nws." Tab sis cov ntaub ntawv tau nkag mus, thiab nws tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov cav no thiab nkag siab tias qhov kev tswj hwm tau siv thiab vim li cas qhov kev sib tsoo no tshwm sim. Qhov no txuag tus neeg muag khoom tus nqi loj heev rau kev kho vaj tse.
- Cov tswv yim "grey" hais txog yog kev koom tes nrog tus muab kev pabcuam. Tib tus kws tshaj lij kev pabcuam mus rau tus neeg siv khoom txhua lub sijhawm. Lawv hais rau nws tias: βNej mloog, Kolya, cia li ua raws li koj xav tau: koj sau tias txhua yam tawg ntawm no, peb yuav tau txais nyiaj, lossis koj nqa qee yam zipper los kho. Peb yuav ua txhua yam no ntsiag to, peb yuav faib nyiaj. " Txhua yam uas tseem tshuav yog kev ntseeg, lossis qee yam tsim qee txoj hauv kev nyuaj ntawm kev kuaj xyuas tag nrho cov lus xaus thiab cov lus pom zoo, uas tsis ntxiv lub sijhawm lossis cov hlab ntsha, thiab tsis muaj dab tsi zoo tshwm sim hauv qhov no. Yog tias koj paub txog yuav ua li cas cov kev pabcuam tsheb cuam tshuam nrog kev dag ntxias thiab ntau npaum li cas qhov nyuaj no ua rau cov txheej txheem, ces koj nkag siab qhov teeb meem.
Zoo, cov cuab yeej tseem sau cov cav, txoj cai? Qhov teeb meem yog dab tsi?
Qhov teeb meem yog tias cov neeg xa khoom ntau dua lossis tsawg dua nkag siab tias lub cav yuav tsum tau sau tas li rau qhov chaw (lossis tau nkag siab ntau xyoo dhau los), ces kab lis kev cai tsis tau mus ntxiv lawm. Lub cav feem ntau xav tau los txheeb xyuas cov xwm txheej nrog kev kho kim - txawm tias nws yog tus neeg ua haujlwm yuam kev lossis cov khoom siv tiag tiag.
Txhawm rau khaws ib lub cav, koj feem ntau yuav tsum tau mus rau hauv lub cev mus rau cov khoom siv, qhib qee yam ntawm cov casing, nthuav tawm cov kev pabcuam txuas, txuas lub cable rau nws thiab khaws cov ntaub ntawv. Tom qab ntawd txuas ntxiv rub lawv rau ob peb teev kom tau txais daim duab ntawm qhov xwm txheej. Alas, qhov no tshwm sim yuav luag txhua qhov chaw (zoo, txawm tias kuv muaj ib qho kev xav ntawm ib sab, txij li peb ua haujlwm ncaj nraim nrog cov kev lag luam uas kev soj ntsuam tsuas yog tsim).
Peb cov neeg siv khoom tseem ceeb yog cov chaw tsim khoom. Feem ntau, lawv pib xav txog kev ua qee yam kev saib xyuas, txawm tias tom qab muaj xwm txheej loj lossis tsuas yog saib lawv cov nqi mus ncig rau xyoo. Tab sis feem ntau tsis yog, peb tab tom tham txog qhov ua tsis tiav loj nrog kev poob nyiaj lossis lub koob npe nrov. Cov thawj coj loj uas xav txog "txhua yam tshwm sim" yog qhov tsawg. Qhov tseeb yog tias feem ntau tus thawj tswj hwm tau txais qhov qub "chaw ua si" ntawm cov ntawv cog lus kev pabcuam, thiab nws pom tsis muaj lub ntsiab lus hauv kev txhim kho cov khoom siv tshiab, vim nws tsuas yog xav tau hauv ob peb xyoos xwb.
Feem ntau, nyob rau qee lub sijhawm tus qaib ntxhw tseem tom, thiab lub sijhawm los hloov kho.
Hloov cov ntaub ntawv nws tus kheej tsis txaus ntshai heev. Cov cuab yeej siv feem ntau twb muaj cov sensors (lossis lawv tau teeb tsa sai heev), ntxiv rau cov ntawv teev npe twb tau sau thiab cov xwm txheej pabcuam raug sau tseg. Txhua yam koj yuav tau ua yog pib xa nws. Cov kev coj ua dav dav yog ntxig qee hom modem, piv txwv li, nrog lub embed-SIM, ncaj qha mus rau hauv lub cuab yeej los ntawm lub tshuab X-ray mus rau cov noob tsis siv neeg thiab xa telemetry ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes. Cov chaw uas tsis muaj xov tooj ntawm tes yog feem ntau nyob deb heev thiab tau dhau los tsis tshua muaj nyob rau xyoo tas los no.
Thiab ces tib lo lus nug pib zoo li ua ntej. Yog, tam sim no muaj cov cav. Tab sis lawv yuav tsum tau muab tso rau qhov chaw thiab nyeem qee yam. Feem ntau, qee qhov system rau kev pom thiab txheeb xyuas qhov xwm txheej yog xav tau.
Thiab tom qab ntawd peb tshwm sim ntawm theem. Ntau qhov tseeb, peb feem ntau tshwm sim ua ntej, vim tias cov neeg muag khoom 'cov thawj coj saib seb lawv cov npoj yaig ua dab tsi thiab tam sim ntawd tuaj rau peb rau cov lus qhia ntawm kev xaiv cov khoom siv rau kev xa xov telemetry.
Kev lag luam niche
Nyob rau sab hnub poob, txoj hauv kev los daws qhov teeb meem no los ntawm peb txoj kev xaiv: Siemens ecosystem (tus nqi kim heev, xav tau rau cov chav loj heev, feem ntau zoo li turbines), tus kheej sau ntawv mandules, lossis ib qho ntawm cov koom haum hauv zos pab. Yog li ntawd, thaum tag nrho cov no tuaj rau Lavxias teb sab kev ua lag luam, ib puag ncig tau tsim nyob rau hauv uas muaj Siemens nrog nws cov khoom ntawm lub ecosystem, Amazon, Nokia thiab ob peb lub zos ecosystems zoo li 1C kev loj hlob.
Peb nkag mus rau hauv kev ua lag luam raws li kev sib koom ua ke uas tso cai rau peb khaws cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm ib qho khoom siv uas siv ib qho (ok, yuav luag txhua qhov ntau dua lossis tsawg dua niaj hnub) cov txheej txheem, txheej txheem ua ke thiab qhia lawv rau ib tus neeg hauv txhua daim ntawv xav tau: rau qhov no peb muaj txias SDKs rau txhua qhov kev txhim kho ib puag ncig thiab pom tus neeg siv interface tus tsim.
Raws li qhov tshwm sim, peb tuaj yeem sau tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom lub cuab yeej, khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw cia ntawm lub server thiab sib sau ua ke ib pawg saib xyuas nrog kev ceeb toom muaj.
Qhov no yog qhov nws zoo li (ntawm no tus neeg siv khoom kuj tau ua qhov pom ntawm lub lag luam, qhov no yog ob peb teev hauv qhov interface):
Thiab muaj cov duab kos los ntawm cov khoom siv:
Cov lus ceeb toom zoo li no: nyob rau theem tshuab, yog tias lub zog ntawm lub cev ua haujlwm tau dhau los lossis kev sib tsoo tau tshwm sim, cov txheej txheem tsis raug teeb tsa, thiab lub kaw lus yuav ceeb toom rau lub tuam tsev lossis kho cov kev pabcuam thaum lawv dhau lawm.
Zoo, qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws yog kwv yees qhov tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm cov nodes raws li lawv tus mob rau kev tiv thaiv. Yog tias koj nkag siab txog cov peev txheej ntawm txhua qhov ntawm cov nodes, ces koj tuaj yeem txo cov nqi ntawm cov ntawv cog lus uas muaj cov nyiaj them poob haujlwm.
Txoj kev xaus
Zaj dab neeg no yuav zoo mloog yooj yim: zoo, peb pom tau hais tias peb yuav tsum xa cov ntaub ntawv, saib xyuas thiab tshuaj xyuas, yog li peb xaiv tus neeg muag khoom thiab siv nws. Zoo, qhov ntawd yog nws, txhua tus zoo siab. Yog tias peb tab tom tham txog kev sau ntawv tus kheej ntawm peb tus kheej lub Hoobkas, ces, oddly txaus, cov tshuab ua tsis tau zoo. Peb tab tom tham txog banal poob ntawm cov cav, cov ntaub ntawv tsis raug, tsis ua tiav hauv kev sau, khaws cia thiab tau txais. Ib xyoos lossis ob xyoos tom qab kev teeb tsa, cov cav qub pib raug tshem tawm, uas tseem tsis tas yuav xaus zoo. Txawm hais tias muaj kev xyaum - 10 GB tau sau los ntawm ib lub tshuab hauv ib xyoos. Qhov no daws tau tsib xyoos los ntawm kev yuav lwm lub hard drive rau 10 txhiab rubles ... Qee lub sij hawm nws hloov tawm tias nws tsis yog cov khoom xa tawm nws tus kheej uas yog thawj, tab sis lub kaw lus tso cai rau cov ntaub ntawv tau txais los txheeb xyuas. Qhov yooj yim ntawm lub interface yog qhov tseem ceeb. Qhov no feem ntau yog qhov teeb meem nrog tag nrho cov tshuab kev lag luam: kev nkag siab sai sai ntawm qhov xwm txheej tsis yog ib txwm yooj yim. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb npaum li cas cov ntaub ntawv pom nyob rau hauv lub system, tus naj npawb ntawm cov tsis tau los ntawm lub node, lub peev xwm ntawm lub system ua hauj lwm nrog ib tug loj ntim thiab kom muaj nuj nqis ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Teeb tsa cov dashboards, ib qho qauv tsim ntawm lub cuab yeej nws tus kheej, tus neeg kho qhov teeb meem (rau kev kos duab ntau lawm layouts).
Cia peb muab ob peb yam piv txwv ntawm qhov no muab rau hauv kev xyaum.
- Ntawm no yog lub ntiaj teb no chaw tsim tshuaj paus ntawm industrial tub yees khoom siv feem ntau nyob rau hauv khw muag khoom chains. 10% ntawm lub tuam txhab cov nyiaj tau los los ntawm kev muab kev pabcuam rau kev pabcuam nws cov khoom. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txo tus nqi ntawm cov kev pabcuam thiab feem ntau muab lub sijhawm los nce cov khoom siv ib txwm muaj, vim tias yog peb muag ntau dua, cov kev pabcuam uas twb muaj lawm yuav tsis tiv taus. Peb txuas ncaj qha mus rau lub platform ntawm ib lub chaw pabcuam, hloov ob peb modules rau cov kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom tshwj xeeb no, thiab tau txais 35% txo cov nqi mus ncig vim qhov kev nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv pabcuam ua rau nws tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau. ntawm kev ua tsis tiav yam tsis tas yuav tsum muaj kev pabcuam engineer tuaj xyuas. Kev tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau lub sij hawm ntev - kwv yees cov kev mob thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, sai sai ua raws li kev saib xyuas. Raws li ib qho ntxiv, qhov ceev ntawm cov lus teb rau kev thov tau nce: muaj tsawg dua kev mus ncig ua si, thiab cov engineers muaj peev xwm ua tau sai dua.
- Mechanical engineering tuam txhab, chaw tsim tshuaj paus ntawm hluav taws xob tsheb siv nyob rau hauv ntau lub nroog ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation thiab CIS. Ib yam li txhua tus neeg, lawv xav txo cov nqi thiab tib lub sijhawm kwv yees cov xwm txheej ntawm lub nroog cov tsheb thauj mus los thiab cov tsheb thauj mus los kom ceeb toom cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv lub sijhawm. Peb txuas thiab tsim cov algorithms rau kev sau thiab xa cov ntaub ntawv kev lag luam los ntawm dov Tshuag mus rau ib qho chaw teeb meem (cov algorithms tau tsim ncaj qha rau hauv kev tswj hwm tsav thiab ua haujlwm nrog CAN cov ntaub ntawv tsheb npav). Kev nkag mus rau tej thaj chaw deb rau cov ntaub ntawv kho mob, suav nrog lub sijhawm nkag mus rau qhov hloov pauv tsis tau (ceev, voltage, hloov pauv lub zog rov qab, thiab lwm yam) hauv hom "oscilloscope", muab kev nkag mus rau tej thaj chaw deb firmware hloov tshiab. Qhov tshwm sim yog txo tus nqi mus ncig los ntawm 50%: kev nkag mus ncaj qha rau cov ntaub ntawv kev pabcuam ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau tsis ua haujlwm yam tsis tas yuav tsum muaj tus kws ua haujlwm pabcuam tuaj xyuas, thiab kev tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev tso cai rau koj los kwv yees qhov kev pabcuam. technical condition thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, sai sai ua "txoj cai-raws li" kev saib xyuas, suav nrog kev tsom xam lub hom phiaj ntawm cov xwm txheej kub ntxhov. Kev siv cov ntawv cog lus txuas ntxiv mus rau lub neej raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau thiab raws sijhawm. Ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm tus neeg teb xov tooj cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb, nrog rau muab nws txoj hauv kev tshiab ntawm kev saib xyuas cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov neeg siv khoom (kev ua haujlwm ntawm huab cua zoo, acceleration / braking, thiab lwm yam).
- Qhov thib peb piv txwv yog ib lub nroog. Peb yuav tsum txuag hluav taws xob thiab txhim kho kev nyab xeeb ntawm pej xeem. Peb txuas ib lub platform rau kev saib xyuas, tswj thiab sau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm txoj kev teeb pom kev zoo, tswj xyuas tag nrho cov teeb pom kev zoo rau pej xeem thiab muab kev pabcuam los ntawm ib qho kev tswj hwm, muab cov kev daws teeb meem rau cov haujlwm hauv qab no. Nta: dimming lossis tig teeb rau / tawm remotely, ib leeg lossis hauv pab pawg, cia li ceeb toom lub nroog cov kev pabcuam tsis ua haujlwm hauv cov teeb pom kev zoo rau kev npaj kho kom zoo dua, muab cov ntaub ntawv siv hluav taws xob hauv lub sijhawm, muab cov cuab yeej tshuaj ntsuam xyuas muaj zog rau kev saib xyuas thiab txhim kho txoj kev teeb pom kev zoo system raws li Cov Ntaub Ntawv Loj, muab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev khiav tsheb, cua txias, kev koom ua ke nrog lwm lub nroog Smart City subsystems. Cov txiaj ntsig - txo qis kev siv hluav taws xob rau kev teeb pom kev zoo txog li 80%, ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb rau cov neeg nyob hauv kev siv lub teeb pom kev ntse tswj algorithms (tus neeg taug kev hauv txoj kev - tig lub teeb rau nws, tus neeg hla kev - tig rau ci dua. teeb pom kev zoo kom nws tuaj yeem pom nyob deb), muab kev pabcuam hauv nroog ntxiv (them lub tsheb fais fab, muab cov ntsiab lus tshaj tawm, saib video, thiab lwm yam).
Qhov tseeb, qhov kuv xav hais: hnub no, nrog lub platform npaj tau (piv txwv li, peb li), koj tuaj yeem teeb tsa kev soj ntsuam sai thiab yooj yim. Qhov no tsis tas yuav muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov cuab yeej siv (lossis tsawg kawg, yog tias tseem tsis muaj cov sensors thiab cov ntaub ntawv xa mus), nws tsis tas yuav siv cov nqi siv thiab cais cov kws tshaj lij. Koj tsuas yog yuav tsum kawm txog qhov teeb meem, siv ob peb hnub kom nkag siab tias nws ua haujlwm li cas, thiab ob peb lub lis piam ntawm kev pom zoo, kev pom zoo thiab kev sib pauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov txheej txheem. Thiab tom qab ntawd koj yuav muaj cov ntaub ntawv raug los ntawm txhua yam khoom siv. Thiab tag nrho cov no tuaj yeem ua tiav thoob plaws lub tebchaws nrog kev txhawb nqa ntawm Technoserv integrator, uas yog, peb lav qhov kev ntseeg tau zoo, uas tsis zoo rau kev pib ua haujlwm.
Hauv tsab ntawv tshaj tawm tom ntej no kuv yuav qhia qhov no zoo li cas los ntawm tus neeg muag khoom sab, siv qhov piv txwv ntawm ib qho kev siv.
Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com