Kuv yog Thawj Tswj Hwm VDS tus thawj tswj hwm, thiab qhov no yog cov ntawv nyeem ntawm thawj cov lus qhuab qhia los ntawm kuv chav kawm luv luv ntawm kev pab cov npoj yaig tshiab. Cov kws tshaj lij uas tsis ntev los no tau pib koom nrog hauv kev tswj hwm lub cev ntsib ntau yam teeb meem tib yam. Txhawm rau muab cov kev daws teeb meem, Kuv tau lees paub los sau cov lus qhuab qhia no. Qee yam hauv nws yog tshwj xeeb rau kev txhawb nqa kev txhawb nqa, tab sis feem ntau, lawv yuav muaj txiaj ntsig, yog tias tsis yog rau txhua tus, ces rau ntau. Yog li kuv tau hloov kho cov lus qhuab qhia los qhia ntawm no.
Nws tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi koj txoj haujlwm hu ua - qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov tseeb koj tau koom nrog hauv kev tswj hwm. Yog li ntawd, cia peb pib nrog dab tsi tus thawj tswj hwm yuav tsum ua. Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog muab cov khoom hauv kev txiav txim, tswj kev txiav txim thiab npaj rau yav tom ntej kev nce qib hauv kev txiav txim. Yog tsis muaj tus thawj tswj hwm qhov system, tus neeg rau zaub mov dhau los ua kev ntxhov siab. Cov cav tsis tau sau, lossis cov khoom tsis raug raug sau rau hauv lawv, cov peev txheej tsis raug faib kom zoo, lub disk tau ntim nrog txhua yam khib nyiab thiab lub kaw lus pib maj mam tuag los ntawm kev chaos ntau heev. Ua siab ntev! Cov thawj tswj hwm hauv koj tus neeg pib daws teeb meem thiab tshem tawm qhov kev ntxhov siab!
Pillars of System Administration
Txawm li cas los xij, ua ntej koj pib daws teeb meem, nws tsim nyog paub txog plaub lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj hwm:
- Cov ntaub ntawv
- Templating
- Kev ua kom zoo
- Automation
Qhov no yog lub hauv paus. Yog tias koj tsis tsim koj qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntsiab lus no, nws yuav ua tsis tau zoo, tsis muaj txiaj ntsig thiab feem ntau dais me ntsis zoo li kev tswj hwm tiag tiag. Cia wb saib nyias nyias.
Ntaub ntawv
Ntaub ntawv tsis txhais hais tias nyeem cov ntaub ntawv (txawm tias koj tsis tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj nws), tab sis kuj tuav nws.
Yuav khaws cov ntaub ntawv li cas:
- Koj puas tau ntsib teeb meem tshiab uas koj tsis tau pom dua ua ntej? Sau cov tsos mob tseem ceeb, txoj kev kuaj mob thiab cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tshem tawm.
- Koj puas tau los nrog ib qho tshiab, zoo nkauj kev daws teeb meem rau ib qho teeb meem? Sau nws kom koj tsis tas yuav rov tsim kho nws ib hlis txij tam sim no.
- Puas yog lawv pab koj txheeb xyuas cov lus nug uas koj tsis nkag siab? Sau cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab cov ntsiab lus, kos ib daim duab rau koj tus kheej.
Lub tswv yim tseem ceeb: koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tso siab rau koj tus kheej lub cim xeeb thaum paub txog thiab siv yam tshiab.
Hauv hom ntawv twg koj yuav ua qhov no yog nyob ntawm koj: nws tuaj yeem yog lub kaw lus nrog cov ntawv sau, tus kheej blog, cov ntawv nyeem, daim ntawv sau lub cev. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias koj cov ntaub ntawv ua tau raws li cov cai hauv qab no:
- Tsis txhob ntev dhau. Qhia cov tswv yim tseem ceeb, txoj hauv kev thiab cov cuab yeej. Yog tias nkag siab txog qhov teeb meem yuav tsum tau dhia mus rau hauv cov tshuab qis qis ntawm kev faib cov cim xeeb hauv Linux, tsis txhob rov sau cov ntawv koj tau kawm los ntawm - muab qhov txuas rau nws.
- Cov ntawv sau yuav tsum meej rau koj. Yog kab
race cond.lockuptsis tso cai rau koj nkag siab tam sim ntawd qhov koj tau piav qhia nrog kab no - piav qhia. Cov ntaub ntawv zoo tsis siv ib nrab teev kom nkag siab. - Tshawb nrhiav yog ib qho zoo heev. Yog tias koj sau cov ntawv blog, ntxiv cov cim npe; yog tias nyob rau hauv phau ntawv lub cev, lo me me tom qab-nws nrog cov lus piav qhia. Muaj cov ntsiab lus me me hauv cov ntaub ntawv yog tias koj siv sijhawm ntau los nrhiav cov lus teb hauv nws li koj yuav tau siv los daws cov lus nug los ntawm kos.
Qhov no yog cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem zoo li: los ntawm cov ntawv sau tseem ceeb hauv lub notepad (daim duab saum toj no), mus rau qhov kev paub ntau tus neeg siv kev paub nrog cov cim npe, tshawb nrhiav thiab txhua yam yooj yim (hauv qab).
Tsis tsuas yog koj tsis tas yuav nrhiav tib cov lus teb ob zaug, tab sis kev sau ntawv yuav yog ib qho kev pab zoo hauv kev kawm cov ntsiab lus tshiab (sau ntawv!), yuav txhim kho koj cov kab laug sab-sensitive (lub peev xwm los kuaj xyuas qhov teeb meem nyuaj nrog ib qho kev saib zoo nkauj), thiab yuav ntxiv lub koom haum rau koj qhov kev ua. Yog tias cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob rau koj cov npoj yaig, nws yuav tso cai rau lawv paub tias koj tau sau dab tsi thaum koj tsis nyob ntawd.
Templating
Templating yog kev tsim thiab siv cov qauv. Txhawm rau daws cov teeb meem feem ntau, nws tsim nyog tsim ib qho qauv ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Ib tug txheej txheem ib theem zuj zus ntawm cov kauj ruam yuav tsum tau siv los kuaj xyuas cov teeb meem feem ntau. Thaum koj tau kho / txhim kho / optimize ib yam dab tsi, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm qhov no yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas siv cov ntawv txheeb xyuas.
Templating yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los npaj koj txoj haujlwm. Los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem txheej txheem los daws cov teeb meem feem ntau, koj tau txais ntau yam khoom txias. Piv txwv li, siv cov ntawv txheeb xyuas yuav tso cai rau koj kuaj xyuas txhua txoj haujlwm uas tseem ceeb rau koj txoj haujlwm thiab muab pov tseg qhov kev kuaj mob ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis tseem ceeb. Thiab cov txheej txheem txheej txheem yuav txo qhov kev cuam tshuam tsis tsim nyog thiab txo qhov ua yuam kev.
Thawj qhov tseem ceeb yog cov txheej txheem thiab cov ntawv txheeb xyuas kuj yuav tsum tau sau tseg. Yog tias koj cia li tso siab rau lub cim xeeb, koj tuaj yeem nco qee qhov kev kuaj xyuas tseem ceeb lossis kev ua haujlwm thiab ua kom puas txhua yam. Qhov tseem ceeb thib ob yog tias tag nrho cov qauv kev coj ua tuaj yeem thiab yuav tsum tau hloov kho yog tias qhov xwm txheej xav tau. Tsis muaj cov qauv zoo tagnrho thiab thoob ntiaj teb kiag li. Yog tias muaj teeb meem, tab sis daim ntawv kuaj xyuas tsis tau nthuav tawm, qhov no tsis txhais tau tias tsis muaj teeb meem. Txawm li cas los xij, ua ntej koj pib sim qee qhov teeb meem tsis zoo li kev xav, nws yog ib txwm tsim nyog ua qhov kev sim nrawm ua ntej.
Optimization
Optimization hais lus rau nws tus kheej. Cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo tshaj plaws raws li qhov ua tau raws li lub sijhawm thiab cov nqi zog. Muaj ntau ntau txoj kev xaiv: kawm cov keyboard shortcuts, cov ntawv luv luv, cov lus qhia tsis tu ncua, cov cuab yeej muaj. Nrhiav kom paub ntau ntxiv txog kev siv cov cuab yeej no. Yog tias koj hu rau ib qho lus txib 100 zaug hauv ib hnub, muab nws rau lub keyboard shortcut. Yog tias koj xav tau txuas mus rau tib lub servers tsis tu ncua, sau ib qho alias hauv ib lo lus uas yuav txuas rau koj nyob ntawd:
Paub koj tus kheej nrog cov kev xaiv sib txawv uas muaj rau cov cuab yeej - tej zaum muaj cov neeg siv khoom siv yooj yim dua, DE, tus tswj hwm ntawv teev cia, browser, email tus thov kev pab, kev khiav haujlwm. Nrhiav seb cov cuab yeej twg koj cov npoj yaig thiab cov phooj ywg siv - tej zaum lawv xaiv lawv vim li cas. Thaum koj muaj cov cuab yeej, kawm paub siv lawv li cas: kawm cov yuam sij, cov ntawv luv luv, cov lus qhia thiab kev ua kom yuam kev.
Ua kom pom kev siv cov cuab yeej txheem - coreutils, vim, cov lus qhia tsis tu ncua, bash. Rau peb kawg muaj ntau phau ntawv zoo thiab cov ntaub ntawv. Nrog lawv cov kev pab, koj tuaj yeem mus sai sai ntawm lub xeev ntawm "Kuv zoo li ib tug liab uas tawg txiv ntoo nrog lub laptop" rau "Kuv yog ib tug liab uas siv lub laptop los xaj kuv tus kheej lub txiv ntoo cracker."
Automation
Automation yuav hloov cov haujlwm nyuaj los ntawm peb txhais tes nkees mus rau tes tsis muaj zog ntawm automation. Yog tias qee cov txheej txheem txheej txheem tau ua nyob rau hauv tsib cov lus txib ntawm tib hom, ces vim li cas ho tsis qhwv tag nrho cov lus txib hauv ib cov ntaub ntawv thiab hu rau ib qho lus txib uas rub tawm thiab ua tiav cov ntaub ntawv no?
Automation nws tus kheej yog 80% sau ntawv thiab optimizing koj tus kheej cov cuab yeej (thiab lwm 20% sim kom lawv ua hauj lwm raws li lawv yuav tsum tau). Nws tuaj yeem yog ib qho kev tshaj lij ib-liner lossis ib lub cuab yeej loj loj nrog lub vev xaib interface thiab API. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm no yog tias tsim ib lub cuab yeej yuav tsum tsis txhob siv sijhawm ntau thiab kev siv zog ntau dua li lub sijhawm thiab kev siv zog uas lub cuab yeej yuav cawm koj. Yog tias koj siv tsib teev sau ib tsab ntawv uas koj yuav tsis xav tau ntxiv, rau txoj haujlwm uas yuav tau coj koj ib teev lossis ob zaug los daws yam tsis muaj tsab ntawv, qhov no yog qhov ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Koj tuaj yeem siv tsib teev los tsim ib lub cuab yeej tsuas yog tus lej, hom haujlwm thiab sijhawm tso cai, uas tsis yog feem ntau.
Automation tsis tas txhais tau tias sau cov ntawv sau tag nrho. Piv txwv li, los tsim ib pawg ntawm cov khoom ntawm tib hom los ntawm ib daim ntawv teev npe, txhua yam koj xav tau yog ib qho ntse ib-liner uas yuav cia li ua qhov koj yuav ua los ntawm tes, hloov ntawm qhov rais, nrog heaps ntawm daim ntawv luam-muab tshuaj.
Qhov tseeb, yog tias koj tsim cov txheej txheem kev tswj hwm ntawm plaub tus ncej no, koj tuaj yeem ua kom koj qhov kev ua tau zoo, tsim tau thiab tsim nyog. Txawm li cas los xij, daim ntawv teev npe no yuav tsum tau ntxiv nrog ib qho ntxiv, yam tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm hauv IT yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem - kev kawm tus kheej.
System administrator self-kev kawm
Txhawm rau kom muaj peev xwm me ntsis hauv cheeb tsam no, koj yuav tsum kawm thiab kawm yam tshiab. Yog tias koj tsis muaj lub siab xav ntsib tus tsis paub thiab paub nws, koj yuav tau daig sai heev. Txhua yam kev daws teeb meem tshiab, thev naus laus zis thiab cov txheej txheem tau tshwm sim tas li hauv IT, thiab yog tias koj tsis kawm lawv yam tsawg kawg nkaus, koj nyob ntawm txoj kev ua tsis tiav. Ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis sawv ntawm lub hauv paus nyuaj thiab voluminous. Piv txwv li, kev ua haujlwm network. Cov tes hauj lwm thiab Is Taws Nem yog nyob txhua qhov chaw, koj ntsib lawv txhua hnub, tab sis thaum koj khawb rau hauv cov thev naus laus zis tom qab lawv, koj yuav pom qhov kev qhuab qhia loj thiab nyuaj heev, txoj kev kawm uas tsis yog taug kev hauv lub tiaj ua si.
Kuv tsis tau suav nrog cov khoom no hauv cov npe vim nws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau IT feem ntau, thiab tsis yog rau kev tswj hwm. Lawm, koj yuav tsis tuaj yeem kawm tau txhua yam tam sim ntawd - koj tsuas yog tsis muaj sijhawm txaus. Yog li ntawd, thaum qhia koj tus kheej, koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov cov theem tsim nyog ntawm abstraction.
Koj tsis tas yuav kawm tam sim ntawd yuav ua li cas lub cim xeeb hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm txhua tus neeg siv hluav taws xob ua haujlwm, thiab nws cuam tshuam li cas nrog Linux kev tswj hwm nco, tab sis nws yog qhov zoo kom paub tias RAM yog dab tsi thiab vim li cas nws thiaj li xav tau. Koj tsis tas yuav paub tias TCP thiab UDP headers txawv li cas, tab sis nws yuav yog ib lub tswv yim zoo kom nkag siab txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm li cas. Koj tsis tas yuav kawm dab tsi lub teeb liab attenuation yog nyob rau hauv optics, tab sis nws yuav zoo kom paub tias vim li cas qhov kev poob tiag yeej ib txwm tau txais los ntawm cov nodes. Tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi tsis ncaj ncees lawm nrog kev paub tias qee cov ntsiab lus ua haujlwm li cas ntawm qee theem ntawm abstraction thiab tsis tas yuav nkag siab txhua qib thaum tsis muaj abstraction txhua (koj tsuas yog mus vwm).
Txawm li cas los xij, hauv koj daim teb, kev xav ntawm qib kev xav "zoo, qhov no yog ib qho uas tso cai rau koj los tso saib cov vev xaib" tsis zoo heev. Cov lus qhuab qhia hauv qab no yuav raug mob siab rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas tus thawj tswj hwm yuav tsum tau ua nrog thaum ua haujlwm qis dua ntawm kev paub daws teeb meem. Kuv yuav sim txwv tus nqi ntawm kev paub tshuaj xyuas mus rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm abstraction.
10 Cov Lus txib ntawm Kev Tswj Xyuas Txheej Txheem
Yog li, peb tau kawm plaub lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab lub hauv paus. Peb puas tuaj yeem pib daws teeb meem? Tsis tau. Ua ntej ua qhov no, nws raug nquahu kom paub koj tus kheej nrog qhov hu ua "kev coj ua zoo tshaj" thiab cov cai ntawm tus cwj pwm zoo. Yog tsis muaj lawv, koj yuav ua phem ntau dua li qhov zoo. Yog li, cia peb pib:
- Ib txhia ntawm kuv cov npoj yaig ntseeg tias thawj txoj cai yog "tsis txhob ua phem." Tab sis kuv inclined tsis pom zoo. Thaum koj sim tsis ua phem, koj ua tsis tau dab tsi - ntau qhov kev ua yuav ua rau puas tsuaj. Kuv xav tias txoj cai tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog - βua ib tug thaub qabβ. Txawm hais tias koj ua qee yam kev puas tsuaj, koj tuaj yeem thim rov qab thiab txhua yam yuav tsis phem heev.
Koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov thaub qab thaum lub sijhawm thiab qhov chaw tso cai rau nws. Koj yuav tsum tau thaub qab yam koj yuav hloov pauv thiab yam koj pheej hmoo poob vim muaj peev xwm ua kom puas tsuaj. Nws yog ib advisable mus xyuas cov thaub qab rau kev ncaj ncees thiab muaj tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog. Cov thaub qab yuav tsum tsis txhob muab tshem tawm tam sim ntawd tom qab koj tau kuaj xyuas txhua yam, tshwj tsis yog tias koj yuav tsum tso tseg qhov chaw disk. Yog tias qhov chaw xav tau, rov qab mus rau koj tus kheej server thiab tshem tawm tom qab ib lub lim tiam.
- Txoj cai thib ob tseem ceeb tshaj plaws (uas kuv tus kheej feem ntau tawg) yog "tsis txhob nkaum". Yog tias koj ua thaub qab, sau qhov twg, kom koj cov npoj yaig tsis tas yuav nrhiav nws. Yog tias koj tau ua qee yam tsis pom tseeb lossis tsis yooj yim, sau nws: koj yuav rov qab mus tsev, thiab qhov teeb meem yuav rov qab los yog tshwm sim rau lwm tus, thiab koj cov kev daws teeb meem yuav raug pom siv cov ntsiab lus. Txawm hais tias koj ua ib yam dab tsi uas koj paub zoo, koj cov npoj yaig yuav tsis ua.
- Txoj cai thib peb tsis tas yuav piav qhia: "Tsis txhob ua tej yam tshwm sim uas koj tsis paub, xav txog lossis nkag siab". Tsis txhob luam cov lus txib hauv Is Taws Nem yog tias koj tsis paub lawv ua dab tsi, hu rau tus txiv neej thiab txheeb xyuas lawv ua ntej. Tsis txhob siv cov kev daws teeb meem yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem nkag siab lawv ua dab tsi. Ua kom tiav ntawm obfuscated code kom tsawg kawg nkaus. Yog tias koj tsis muaj sijhawm los txiav txim siab nws, ces koj ua ib yam dab tsi tsis ncaj ncees lawm thiab koj yuav tsum nyeem cov ntsiab lus tom ntej.
- "Test". Cov ntawv sau tshiab, cov cuab yeej, ib-liners thiab cov lus txib yuav tsum tau sim hauv qhov chaw tswj hwm, tsis yog ntawm lub tshuab siv, yog tias muaj peev xwm ua rau puas tsuaj. Txawm hais tias koj thaub qab txhua yam (thiab koj tau ua), lub sijhawm poob tsis yog qhov txias tshaj plaws. Tsim ib lub server cais / virtual / chroot rau qhov no thiab sim muaj. Puas muaj dab tsi tawg? Tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem tso nws ntawm "kev sib ntaus sib tua".
- "Control". Txo tag nrho cov haujlwm uas koj tsis tswj. Ib pob kev vam khom nkhaus tuaj yeem rub ib nrab ntawm lub kaw lus, thiab -y chij teeb tsa rau yum tshem tawm muab sijhawm rau koj los xyaum koj cov kev txawj rov qab los ntawm kos. Yog hais tias qhov kev txiav txim tsis muaj kev tswj tsis tau lwm txoj hauv kev, lub ntsiab lus tom ntej yog npaj ua thaub qab.
- "Kuaj". Tshawb xyuas qhov tshwm sim ntawm koj qhov kev ua thiab seb koj puas xav tau rov qab mus rau qhov thaub qab. Tshawb xyuas seb qhov teeb meem puas tau daws tiag tiag. Xyuas seb qhov yuam kev puas yog rov tsim dua thiab nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej dab tsi. Xyuas seb koj tuaj yeem ua txhaum nrog koj li cas. Nws yog qhov tsis tsim nyog rau kev tso siab rau peb txoj haujlwm, tab sis tsis txhob kuaj xyuas.
- "Kev sib txuas lus". Yog tias koj daws tsis tau qhov teeb meem, nug koj cov npoj yaig yog tias lawv tau ntsib qhov no. Yog tias koj xav siv qhov kev txiav txim tsis sib haum xeeb, nrhiav kev xav ntawm koj cov npoj yaig. Tej zaum lawv yuav muab kev daws teeb meem zoo dua. Yog tias koj tsis ntseeg koj qhov kev ua, tham nrog koj cov npoj yaig. Txawm hais tias qhov no yog koj cheeb tsam ntawm kev txawj ntse, kev saib tshiab ntawm qhov xwm txheej tuaj yeem qhia meej ntau. Tsis txhob txaj muag ntawm koj tus kheej ignorance. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los nug cov lus nug ruam, saib zoo li tus neeg ruam thiab tau txais cov lus teb, dua li tsis nug cov lus nug, tsis tau txais cov lus teb thiab xaus mus ua neeg ruam.
- βTsis txhob tso tseg kev pab tsis tsim nyogβ. Lub ntsiab lus no yog qhov rov qab ntawm qhov dhau los. Yog tias koj raug nug ib lo lus nug ruam, qhia meej thiab piav qhia. Lawv nug txog qhov ua tsis tau - piav qhia tias nws tsis yooj yim sua thiab vim li cas, muab lwm txoj hauv kev. Yog tias koj tsis muaj sijhawm (koj yeej tsis muaj sijhawm, tsis muaj lub siab xav) - hais tias koj muaj lus nug ceev, ua haujlwm ntau, tab sis koj yuav txheeb nws tom qab. Yog tias cov npoj yaig tsis muaj haujlwm ceev, thov hu rau lawv thiab xa cov lus nug.
- "Qhia tawm tswv yim". Puas yog ib tus ntawm koj cov npoj yaig tau pib siv cov txheej txheem tshiab lossis tsab ntawv tshiab, thiab koj puas ntsib qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov kev txiav txim siab no? Qhia nws. Tej zaum qhov teeb meem tuaj yeem daws tau hauv peb kab ntawm txoj cai lossis tsib feeb ntawm kev kho cov txheej txheem. Koj puas tau ntsib cov kab mob hauv koj lub software? Qhia txog kab mob. Yog hais tias nws yog reproduced los yog tsis yuav tsum tau muab rov ua dua, nws feem ntau yuav raug kho. Ua raws li koj qhov kev xav tau, cov lus pom zoo thiab kev thuam, thiab nqa cov lus nug rau kev sib tham yog tias lawv zoo li cuam tshuam.
- "Nrhiav tswv yim". Peb txhua tus tsis zoo tag nrho, ib yam li peb cov kev txiav txim siab, thiab txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los ntsuas qhov tseeb ntawm koj qhov kev txiav txim siab yog coj nws los sib tham. Yog tias koj tau ua kom zoo rau ib yam dab tsi rau tus neeg siv khoom, thov kom lawv saib xyuas kev ua haujlwm; tej zaum qhov khoob hauv qhov system tsis yog qhov koj tab tom nrhiav. Koj tau sau tsab ntawv pab - qhia rau koj cov npoj yaig, tej zaum lawv yuav pom txoj hauv kev los txhim kho nws.
Yog tias koj niaj hnub siv cov kev coj ua no hauv koj txoj haujlwm, feem ntau ntawm cov teeb meem yuav tsis muaj teeb meem: koj yuav tsis tsuas yog txo tus naj npawb ntawm koj tus kheej yuam kev thiab fackups kom tsawg, tab sis koj tseem yuav muaj lub sijhawm los kho qhov yuam kev (hauv cov daim ntawv thaub qab thiab cov npoj yaig uas yuav qhia koj kom thaub qab). Ntxiv mus - tsuas yog cov lus qhia, uas, raws li peb paub, dab ntxwg nyoog dag.
Cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb uas koj yuav tau ua haujlwm nrog ntau dua 50% ntawm lub sijhawm yog grep thiab vim. Dab tsi yuav yooj yim dua? Nrhiav cov ntawv nyeem thiab kho cov ntawv nyeem. Txawm li cas los xij, ob qho tib si grep thiab vim yog cov cuab yeej muaj zog uas tso cai rau koj los tshawb nrhiav thiab kho cov ntawv zoo. Yog tias qee qhov Windows notepad tso cai rau koj yooj yim sau / rho tawm ib kab, ces hauv vim koj tuaj yeem ua txhua yam nrog cov ntawv. Yog tias koj tsis ntseeg kuv, hu rau vimtutor hais kom ua los ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg thiab pib kawm. Raws li rau grep, nws lub zog tseem ceeb yog nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia tsis tu ncua. Yog lawm, lub cuab yeej nws tus kheej tso cai rau koj los teeb tsa kev tshawb nrhiav thiab tso tawm cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv yooj yim, tab sis tsis muaj RegExp qhov no tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntau. Thiab koj yuav tsum paub cov lus qhia tsis tu ncua! Yam tsawg kawg ntawm theem pib. Yuav pib nrog, kuv xav qhia koj saib qhov no , nws npog cov hauv paus ntawm cov kab lus tsis tu ncua thiab lawv siv nrog grep. Huag yog, thaum koj muab lawv nrog vim, koj tau txais lub peev xwm ULTIMATE POWER los ua tej yam nrog cov ntawv uas koj yuav tsum sau lawv nrog 18+ icons.
Ntawm qhov seem 50%, 40% yog los ntawm coreutils toolkit. Rau coreutils koj tuaj yeem saib cov npe ntawm , thiab phau ntawv qhia rau tag nrho cov npe yog nyob rau ntawm lub vev xaib . Dab tsi tsis suav nrog hauv cov txheej txheem no yog hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob . Koj tsis tas yuav kawm tag nrho cov yuam sij los ntawm lub siab, tab sis nws yuav pab tau kom tsawg kawg paub txog qhov yooj yim cov cuab yeej ua tau. Koj tsis tas yuav reinvent lub log ntawm crutches. Kuv yuav tsum tau hloov cov kab tawg nrog qhov chaw nyob hauv cov zis los ntawm qee qhov kev siv hluav taws xob, thiab kuv lub hlwb mob tau yug los rau kev tsim kho zoo li sed ':a;N;$!ba;s/n/ /g', ib tug npoj yaig tuaj thiab tsav kuv deb ntawm lub console nrog ib tug pas nrig, thiab ces daws qhov teeb meem los ntawm kev sau ntawv tr 'n' ' '.
Kuv xav qhia koj kom nco ntsoov tias txhua tus neeg siv lub cuab yeej ua dab tsi thiab cov yuam sij rau cov lus txib uas nquag siv; rau txhua yam muaj tus txiv neej. Hu rau txiv neej yog tias koj muaj kev tsis ntseeg. Thiab nco ntsoov nyeem tus txiv neej nws tus kheej - nws muaj cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb txog yam koj yuav pom.
Paub txog cov cuab yeej no, koj yuav muaj peev xwm daws tau ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov teeb meem uas koj yuav ntsib hauv kev xyaum. Hauv cov lus qhuab qhia hauv qab no, peb yuav saib thaum twg yuav siv cov cuab yeej no thiab cov txheej txheem rau cov kev pabcuam thiab cov ntawv thov uas lawv siv rau.
FirstVDS system administrator Kirill Tsvetkov nrog koj.
Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com