Txawm hais tias muaj kev siv Ethernet thoob plaws, DSL-based kev sib txuas lus thev naus laus zis tseem cuam tshuam rau niaj hnub no. Txog rau tam sim no, DSL tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv qhov kawg-mais tes hauj lwm rau kev sib txuas cov khoom siv rau cov neeg muab kev pabcuam hauv Is Taws Nem, thiab tsis ntev los no cov thev naus laus zis tau siv ntau ntxiv hauv kev tsim cov tes hauj lwm hauv zos, piv txwv li, hauv cov ntawv thov kev lag luam, qhov twg DSL ua ib qho ntxiv rau Ethernet. los yog kev sib txuas lus raws li RS-232/422/485. Cov kev daws teeb meem zoo sib xws tau siv rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe thiab Esxias tsim.
DSL yog ib tsev neeg ntawm cov qauv uas yog tsim los rau kev xa cov ntaub ntawv digital hla cov xov tooj. Keeb kwm, nws tau los ua thawj broadband Internet siv tshuab, hloov DIAL UP thiab ISDN. Qhov ntau yam ntawm DSL cov qauv uas tam sim no muaj yog vim muaj ntau lub tuam txhab, pib hauv 80s, sim tsim thiab ua lag luam lawv tus kheej thev naus laus zis.
Tag nrho cov kev txhim kho no tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg loj - asymmetric (ADSL) thiab symmetric (SDSL) thev naus laus zis. Asymmetric yog hais txog cov nyob rau hauv uas qhov ceev ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom sib txawv ntawm qhov ceev ntawm cov tsheb khiav tawm. Los ntawm symmetrical peb txhais tau tias kev txais tos thiab kev sib kis ceev sib npaug.
Cov qauv zoo tshaj plaws thiab nthuav dav asymmetric yog, qhov tseeb, ADSL (hauv tsab ntawv tshiab - ADSL2+) thiab VDSL (VDSL2), symmetric - HDSL (outdated profile) thiab SHDSL. Lawv txhua tus sib txawv ntawm ib leeg nyob rau hauv uas lawv ua haujlwm ntawm ntau zaus thiab siv cov coding sib txawv thiab kev hloov kho ntawm txoj kab kev sib txuas lus ntawm lub cev. Cov kev kho qhov yuam kev kuj txawv, ua rau muaj ntau theem ntawm kev tiv thaiv suab nrov. Yog li ntawd, txhua lub thev naus laus zis muaj nws tus kheej txwv hauv kev ceev thiab kev ncua deb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xa mus, suav nrog nyob ntawm hom thiab qhov zoo ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib.
Kev txwv ntawm ntau yam qauv DSL
Hauv ib qho DSL thev naus laus zis, cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv tus nqi txo qis raws li qhov ntev cable nce. Ntawm qhov kev ncua deb nws tuaj yeem tau txais kev nrawm ntawm ntau pua kilobits, tab sis thaum xa cov ntaub ntawv tshaj 200-300 m, qhov siab tshaj plaws tau ceev yog muaj.
Ntawm tag nrho cov thev naus laus zis, SHDSL muaj qhov zoo dua qub uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm siv tau hauv cov ntawv thov kev lag luam - kev tiv thaiv lub suab nrov thiab muaj peev xwm siv txhua hom neeg xyuas pib rau kev xa cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov no tsis yog cov qauv asymmetric, thiab kev sib txuas lus zoo yog nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov kab uas siv rau kev xa cov ntaub ntawv. Tshwj xeeb, nws raug pom zoo kom siv lub xov tooj twisted cable. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug txhim khu kev qha kev daws teeb meem yog siv ib tug kho qhov muag cable es tsis txhob ADSL thiab VDSL.
Txhua khub ntawm cov conductors cais los ntawm ib leeg yog tsim rau SHDSL - tooj liab, txhuas, hlau, thiab lwm yam. Qhov nruab nrab kis tau tus mob yuav ua tau qub hluav taws xob thaiv, cov xov tooj qub, barbed hlau laj kab, thiab lwm yam.
Kev vam khom ntawm SHDSL cov ntaub ntawv kis ceev ntawm qhov deb thiab hom neeg xyuas pib
Los ntawm daim duab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv ceev piv rau qhov deb thiab hom tus neeg xyuas pib muab rau SHDSL, koj tuaj yeem pom tias cov neeg siv hluav taws xob nrog qhov loj hla ntu tso cai rau koj xa cov ntaub ntawv hla ntau dua. Ua tsaug rau cov thev naus laus zis, nws tuaj yeem teeb tsa kev sib txuas lus nyob deb li ntawm 20 km ntawm qhov ceev tshaj plaws ntawm 15.3 Mb / s rau 2-xaim cable lossis 30 Mb rau 4-xaim cable. Hauv kev siv tiag tiag, kev sib kis ceev tuaj yeem teeb tsa manually, uas yog qhov tsim nyog nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev cuam tshuam hluav taws xob muaj zog lossis kab tsis zoo. Hauv qhov no, txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau kis tus kab mob, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los txo qhov ceev ntawm SHDSL cov khoom siv. Txhawm rau xam qhov nrawm raws li qhov kev ncua deb thiab hom neeg xyuas pib, koj tuaj yeem siv software dawb xws li .
Vim li cas SHDSL muaj kev tiv thaiv suab nrov?
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm ntawm SHDSL transceiver tuaj yeem sawv cev rau hauv daim duab kos duab, uas ib feem tshwj xeeb thiab ywj siab (invariant) los ntawm daim ntawv thov kev pom yog qhov txawv. Qhov kev ywj pheej muaj xws li PMD (Lub Cev Nruab Nrab Nyob Hauv) thiab PMS-TC (Lub Cev Nruab Nrab-Specific TC Layer) ua haujlwm thaiv, thaum lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb suav nrog TPS-TC (Kev Sib Txuas Raws Cai-Tshwj Xeeb TC Txheej) txheej thiab cov neeg siv cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam.
Kev sib txuas ntawm lub cev ntawm cov transceivers (STUs) tuaj yeem muaj nyob hauv ib khub lossis ntau lub cables ib leeg. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm ntau tus khub cable, STU muaj ntau yam PMDs ywj pheej cuam tshuam nrog ib qho PMS-TC.
Cov qauv ua haujlwm ntawm SHDSL transceiver (STU)
TPS-TC module nyob ntawm daim ntawv thov uas siv lub cuab yeej (Ethernet, RS-232/422/485, thiab lwm yam). Nws txoj hauj lwm yog los hloov cov neeg siv cov ntaub ntawv mus rau hauv SHDSL hom, ua multiplexing / demultiplexing thiab lub sij hawm hloov ntawm ntau raws ntawm cov neeg siv cov ntaub ntawv.
Nyob rau theem PMS-TC, SHDSL thav duab raug tsim thiab synchronized, nrog rau scrambling thiab descrambling.
PMD module ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, ncha tshem tawm, parameter kev sib tham ntawm kab kev sib txuas lus thiab tsim kev sib txuas ntawm transceivers. Nws yog nyob rau theem PMD uas cov haujlwm tseem ceeb tau ua los ua kom lub suab nrov tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv SHDSL, suav nrog TCPAM coding (Trellis coding nrog analog pulse modulation), kev sib koom ua ke coding thiab modulation mechanism uas txhim kho qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov teeb liab piv rau kev sib cais. txoj kev. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm ntawm PMD module kuj tuaj yeem sawv cev rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm daim duab ua haujlwm.
PMD Module Block Diagram
TC-PAM yog raws li kev siv lub convolutional encoder uas ua kom muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm cov khoom ntawm SHDSL transmitter sab. Ntawm txhua lub voj voog moos, txhua qhov me ntsis tuaj txog ntawm cov khoom siv encoder yog muab ob npaug (dibit) ntawm cov zis. Yog li, ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov redundancy me ntsis, kev tiv thaiv kab mob sib kis tau nce ntxiv. Kev siv Trellis kev hloov kho tso cai rau koj los txo cov ntaub ntawv xa mus rau bandwidth thiab ua kom yooj yim rau cov khoom siv thaum tuav tib lub teeb liab-rau-suab nrov piv.
Kev khiav hauj lwm hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm Trellis encoder (TC-PAM 16)
Qhov ob qhov me me yog tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas lus modulo-2 ntxiv (tsuas yog los yog) ua haujlwm raws li cov tswv yim x1(tn) thiab cov khoom x1(tn-1), x1(tn-2), thiab lwm yam. (muaj peev xwm muaj txog li 20 ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv tag nrho), uas tau txais ntawm lub encoder input ua ntej thiab tseem nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb sau npe. Nyob rau lub voj voog tom ntej ntawm lub encoder tn + 1, cov khoom yuav raug hloov mus rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm lub hlwb kom ua haujlwm zoo: ntsis x1 (tn) yuav txav mus rau hauv lub cim xeeb, hloov tag nrho cov kab ke ntawm cov khoom khaws cia rau ntawd.
Convolutional encoder algorithm
Cov lus tseeb rau ntxiv modulo 2
Txhawm rau kom pom tseeb, nws yog qhov yooj yim los siv lub xeev daim duab ntawm lub convolutional encoder, los ntawm qhov koj tuaj yeem pom tias lub xeev tus encoder nyob rau lub sijhawm tn, tn + 1, thiab lwm yam. nyob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nkag. Hauv qhov no, lub xeev encoder txhais tau hais tias ib khub ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov tswv yim x1 (tn) thiab me ntsis hauv thawj lub cim xeeb ntawm tes x1 (tn-1). Txhawm rau tsim ib daim duab, koj tuaj yeem siv daim duab, ntawm qhov vertices uas muaj peev xwm ua tau lub xeev ntawm tus encoder, thiab kev hloov ntawm ib lub xeev mus rau lwm qhov yog qhia los ntawm cov khoom siv sib txuas x1 (tn) thiab cov zis dibits $ inline$ y ₀y ₁(t ₀)$inline$.
Lub xeev daim duab thiab cov duab hloov pauv ntawm lub transmitter convolutional encoder
Nyob rau hauv lub transmitter, raws li plaub yam khoom tau txais (ob qhov tso zis khoom ntawm lub encoder thiab ob cov ntaub ntawv khoom), ib lub cim yog tsim, txhua tus sib raug rau nws tus kheej amplitude ntawm lub modulating teeb liab ntawm lub analog-mem tes modulator.
Lub xeev ntawm 16-ntsis AIM nyob ntawm tus nqi ntawm plaub-ntsis cim
Nyob rau sab ntawm lub teeb liab receiver, cov txheej txheem thim rov qab tshwm sim - demodulation thiab xaiv los ntawm cov lej redundant (ob chav y0y1(tn)) ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntu zus ntawm cov khoom nkag ntawm lub encoder x1(tn). Qhov kev ua haujlwm no yog ua los ntawm Viterbi decoder.
Lub decoder algorithm yog ua raws li kev xam qhov yuam kev metric rau tag nrho cov kev xav tau encoder xeev. Qhov kev ntsuas yuam kev yog hais txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom tau txais thiab cov khoom xav tau rau txhua txoj hauv kev. Yog tias tsis tau txais qhov yuam kev, ces qhov tseeb txoj kev yuam kev metric yuav yog 0 vim tsis muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis. Rau txoj kev tsis tseeb, cov metric yuav txawv ntawm xoom, nce ntxiv, thiab tom qab qee lub sij hawm tus decoder yuav tsum tsis txhob suav txoj kev yuam kev, tawm hauv qhov tseeb xwb.
Encoder lub xeev daim duab xam los ntawm tus txais lub Viterbi decoder
Tab sis li cas qhov no algorithm ua kom lub suab nrov tiv thaiv? Piv txwv tias tus txais tau txais cov ntaub ntawv yuam kev, tus decoder tseem yuav suav ob txoj hauv kev nrog qhov yuam kev metric ntawm 1. Txoj kev nrog qhov yuam kev metric ntawm 0 yuav tsis muaj lawm. Tab sis lub algorithm yuav txiav txim siab txog txoj kev twg yog qhov tseeb tom qab raws li cov khoom thib ob tau txais tom ntej.
Thaum qhov kev ua yuam kev thib ob tshwm sim, yuav muaj ntau txoj hauv kev nrog metric 2, tab sis txoj kev raug yuav raug txheeb xyuas tom qab raws li txoj hauv kev siab tshaj plaws (piv txwv li, qhov tsawg kawg nkaus metric).
Encoder lub xeev daim duab xam los ntawm Viterbi decoder thaum tau txais cov ntaub ntawv nrog yuam kev
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas tau piav saum toj no, ua piv txwv, peb suav tias yog algorithm ntawm 16-ntsis system (TC-PAM16), uas ua kom muaj kev sib kis ntawm peb cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb thiab ib qho ntxiv rau kev tiv thaiv kev ua yuam kev hauv ib lub cim. TC-PAM16 ua tiav cov ntaub ntawv tus nqi ntawm 192 txog 3840 kbps. Los ntawm kev nce qhov tob me ntsis mus rau 128 (cov tshuab niaj hnub ua haujlwm nrog TC-PAM128), rau cov ntaub ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig tau raug xa mus rau hauv txhua lub cim, thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws ua tiav tau los ntawm 5696 kbps mus rau 15,3 Mbps.
Kev siv cov analog pulse modulation (PAM) ua rau SHDSL zoo ib yam li ntau tus qauv Ethernet nrov, xws li gigabit 1000BASE-T (PAM-5), 10-gigabit 10GBASE-T (PAM-16) lossis industrial single-pair Ethernet 2020BASE -T10L, uas tau cog lus rau 1 (PAM-3).
SHDSL ntawm Ethernet networks
Muaj kev tswj hwm thiab tsis tswj hwm SHDSL modems, tab sis qhov kev faib tawm no tsis tshua muaj sib xws nrog kev faib ib txwm ua rau cov khoom siv tswj hwm thiab tsis tswj hwm uas muaj, piv txwv li, rau Ethernet keyboards. Qhov txawv yog nyob rau hauv cov kev teeb tsa thiab kev soj ntsuam cov cuab yeej. Tswj modems tau teeb tsa los ntawm lub vev xaib interface thiab tuaj yeem kuaj tau ntawm SNMP, thaum tsis muaj kev tswj hwm modems tuaj yeem kuaj tau siv software ntxiv ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj console (rau Phoenix Hu rau qhov no yog qhov kev pabcuam PSI-CONF dawb thiab mini-USB interface). Tsis zoo li cov keyboards, tsis muaj kev tswj hwm modems tuaj yeem ua haujlwm hauv lub network nrog lub nplhaib topology.
Txwv tsis pub, tswj hwm thiab tsis tswj hwm modems yog qhov zoo ib yam, suav nrog kev ua haujlwm thiab muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm ntawm Plug & Play txoj cai, uas yog, tsis muaj kev teeb tsa ua ntej.
Tsis tas li ntawd, modems tuaj yeem nruab nrog kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv nrog lub peev xwm los kuaj xyuas lawv. SHDSL tes hauj lwm tuaj yeem tsim cov ntu ntev heev, thiab cov neeg siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem khiav hauv qhov chaw uas muaj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob (vim muaj qhov sib txawv los ntawm xob laim tawm lossis luv luv hauv cov kab nyob ze) tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Lub induced voltage tuaj yeem ua rau cov hluav taws xob tawm ntawm kiloamperes ntws. Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov khoom siv los ntawm cov xwm txheej zoo li no, SPDs tau tsim rau hauv modems hauv daim ntawv tshem tawm, uas tuaj yeem hloov pauv yog tias tsim nyog. Nws yog rau lub davhlau ya nyob twg thaiv ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm no uas SHDSL kab txuas nrog.
Topologies
Siv SHDSL hla Ethernet, nws muaj peev xwm tsim cov tes hauj lwm nrog txhua qhov topology: point-to-point, kab, hnub qub thiab lub nplhaib. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nyob ntawm hom modem, koj tuaj yeem siv ob qho tib si 2-hlau thiab 4-xaim kev sib txuas lus rau kev sib txuas.
Ethernet network topologies raws li SHDSL
Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem tsim cov tshuab faib nrog kev sib xyaw topology. Txhua ntu SHDSL network tuaj yeem muaj txog 50 modems thiab, suav nrog lub cev muaj peev xwm ntawm cov thev naus laus zis (qhov kev ncua deb ntawm modems yog 20 km), ntu ntev tuaj yeem ncav cuag 1000 km.
Yog tias muaj kev tswj hwm modem raug teeb tsa ntawm lub taub hau ntawm txhua ntu, ces qhov kev ncaj ncees ntawm ntu tuaj yeem kuaj tau siv SNMP. Tsis tas li ntawd, tswj hwm thiab tsis tswj hwm modems txhawb VLAN thev naus laus zis, uas yog, lawv tso cai rau koj faib lub network rau hauv cov txheej txheem subnets. Cov cuab yeej tseem muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm nrog cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv cov txheej txheem siv hauv cov tshuab automation niaj hnub (Profinet, Ethernet / IP, Modbus TCP, thiab lwm yam).
Reservation ntawm kev sib txuas lus raws siv SHDSL
SHDSL yog siv los tsim kev sib txuas lus tsis tu ncua hauv Ethernet network, feem ntau yog kho qhov muag.
SHDSL thiab serial interface
SHDSL modems nrog serial interface kov yeej cov kev txwv nyob deb, topology thiab tus neeg xyuas pib zoo uas muaj rau cov kab ke ib txwm siv raws li asynchronous transceivers (UART): RS-232 - 15 m, RS-422 thiab RS-485 - 1200 m.
Muaj cov modems nrog serial interfaces (RS-232/422/485) rau ob qho tib si universal applications thiab tshwj xeeb sawv daws yuav (piv txwv li, rau Profibus). Tag nrho cov khoom siv no yog nyob rau hauv qeb "tsis muaj kev tswj hwm", yog li lawv tau teeb tsa thiab kuaj pom siv software tshwj xeeb.
Topologies
Hauv cov tes hauj lwm nrog cov sib txuas sib txuas, siv SHDSL nws tuaj yeem tsim cov tes hauj lwm nrog taw tes rau-taw tes, kab thiab hnub qub topologies. Nyob rau hauv lub linear topology, nws muaj peev xwm ua ke mus txog 255 nodes rau hauv ib lub network (rau Profibus - 30).
Hauv cov tshuab tsim siv tsuas yog RS-485 li, tsis muaj kev txwv rau cov ntaub ntawv hloov chaw siv, tab sis kab thiab hnub qub topologies yog atypical rau RS-232 thiab RS-422, yog li kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv kawg ntawm SHDSL network nrog cov topologies zoo sib xws. tsuas yog ua tau nyob rau hauv ib nrab-duplex hom. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, hauv cov tshuab nrog RS-232 thiab RS-422, kev hais lus ntawm cov cuab yeej yuav tsum tau muab rau ntawm qib raws tu qauv, uas tsis zoo rau kev sib cuam tshuam feem ntau siv hauv cov tes hauj lwm taw tes-to-point.
Thaum sib txuas cov khoom siv nrog ntau hom kev sib txuas ntawm SHDSL, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov tseeb tias tsis muaj ib txoj hauv kev tsim kom muaj kev sib txuas (sib tuav tes) ntawm cov khoom siv. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tseem tuaj yeem npaj kev sib pauv hauv qhov no; rau qhov no, cov xwm txheej hauv qab no yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav:
- kev sib txuas lus kev sib koom tes thiab kev tswj cov ntaub ntawv hloov chaw yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau theem ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hloov cov ntaub ntawv raws tu qauv;
- tag nrho cov khoom siv kawg yuav tsum ua haujlwm hauv ib nrab-duplex hom, uas yuav tsum tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raws tu qauv.
Modbus RTU raws tu qauv, feem ntau raws tu qauv rau asynchronous interfaces, tso cai rau koj kom tsis txhob tag nrho cov piav qhia txog cov kev txwv thiab tsim ib tug system uas muaj ntau hom interfaces.
Serial network topologies raws li SHDSL
Thaum siv ob-xaim RS-485 ntawm cov khoom siv Koj tuaj yeem tsim ntau cov qauv los ntawm kev sib txuas cov modems los ntawm ib lub tsheb npav ntawm DIN rail. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau tib lub npav (qhov no, txhua yam khoom siv tau siv los ntawm lub npav) thiab cov khoom siv kho qhov muag ntawm PSI-MOS series los tsim kev sib koom ua ke. Ib qho xwm txheej tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm xws li ib qho system yog tib qhov ceev ntawm txhua qhov transceivers.
Ntxiv nta ntawm SHDSL ntawm RS-485 network
Daim ntawv thov piv txwv
SHDSL thev naus laus zis tau nquag siv hauv cov chaw siv hluav taws xob hauv nroog hauv Tebchaws Yelemees. Ntau tshaj 50 lub tuam txhab ua haujlwm pabcuam hauv nroog siv cov xov tooj qub qub los txuas cov khoom faib thoob plaws hauv nroog nrog ib lub network. Kev tswj thiab suav cov tshuab rau dej, roj thiab hluav taws xob yog tsim los ntawm SHDSL. Ntawm cov nroog xws li Ulm, Magdeburg, Ingolstadt, Bielefeld, Frankfurt ib der Oder thiab ntau lwm tus.
Qhov loj tshaj plaws SHDSL-raws li system tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub nroog Lübeck. Lub kaw lus muaj cov qauv sib xyaw ua ke raws li optical Ethernet thiab SHDSL, txuas 120 yam khoom nyob deb ntawm ib leeg thiab siv ntau tshaj 50 modems. . Tag nrho lub network tau kuaj pom siv SNMP. Qhov ntev tshaj plaws ntawm Kalkhorst mus rau Lübeck tshav dav hlau yog 39 km ntev. Yog vim li cas vim li cas lub tuam txhab cov neeg siv khoom xaiv SHDSL yog tias nws tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los siv txoj haujlwm ntawm optics, muab cov khoom siv tooj liab qub.
Cov ntaub ntawv kis tau tus mob los ntawm cov ntiv tes xoo
Ib qho piv txwv nthuav yog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov khoom txav, xws li ua tiav hauv cov cua turbines lossis cov cav tov loj loj. Ib qho zoo sib xws yog siv rau cov ntaub ntawv sib pauv ntawm cov tswj nyob rau ntawm rotor thiab stator ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug zawv zawg sib cuag los ntawm ib tug swb nplhaib yog siv los xa cov ntaub ntawv. Piv txwv li qhov no qhia tau hais tias nws tsis tas yuav muaj kev sib cuag zoo li qub los xa cov ntaub ntawv hla SHDSL.
Kev sib piv nrog lwm cov technologies
SHDSL vs GSM
Yog tias peb piv SHDSL nrog cov ntaub ntawv xa tawm raws li GSM (3G / 4G), ces qhov tsis muaj cov nqi khiav lag luam cuam tshuam nrog kev them nyiaj tsis tu ncua rau tus neeg teb xov tooj rau kev nkag mus rau lub xov tooj ntawm tes hais lus hauv DSL. Nrog SHDSL, peb muaj kev ywj pheej ntawm cheeb tsam, qhov zoo thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm kev sib txuas lus ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm lub chaw tsim khoom, suav nrog kev tiv thaiv electromagnetic cuam tshuam. Nrog SHDSL tsis tas yuav teeb tsa cov cuab yeej siv, uas ua kom lub chaw ua haujlwm nrawm. Wireless tes hauj lwm yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ncua loj hauv kev xa cov ntaub ntawv thiab nyuaj rau kev xa cov ntaub ntawv siv ntau lub tsheb khiav (Profinet, Ethernet IP).
Cov ntaub ntawv kev ruaj ntseg hais lus pom zoo ntawm SHDSL vim qhov tsis xav tau hloov cov ntaub ntawv hauv Is Taws Nem thiab qhov xav tau los teeb tsa VPN kev sib txuas rau qhov no.
SHDSL vs Wi-nkaus
Ntau yam tau hais rau GSM kuj tuaj yeem siv rau kev lag luam Wi-Fi. Tsis tshua muaj suab nrov tiv thaiv, txwv cov ntaub ntawv kis tau tus mob nyob deb, nyob ntawm lub topology ntawm cheeb tsam, thiab qeeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kis tau tus mob hais tawm tsam Wi-Fi. Qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog cov ntaub ntawv kev ruaj ntseg ntawm Wi-nkaus tes hauj lwm, vim hais tias leej twg muaj kev nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv kis nruab nrab. Nrog Wi-Fi nws twb muaj peev xwm xa cov ntaub ntawv Profinet lossis Ethernet IP, uas yuav nyuaj nrog GSM.
SHDSL vs optics
Feem ntau ntawm cov xwm txheej, optics muaj qhov zoo dua SHDSL, tab sis nyob rau hauv ntau daim ntawv thov SHDSL tso cai rau koj kom txuag tau sijhawm thiab nyiaj txiag ntawm kev tso thiab vuam kho qhov muag cables, txo lub sijhawm nws yuav siv los muab lub chaw ua haujlwm. SHDSL tsis tas yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb connectors, vim hais tias cov kev sib txuas lus cable tsuas yog txuas nrog lub modem davhlau ya nyob twg. Vim yog cov khoom siv kho qhov muag ntawm cov khoom siv kho qhov muag, lawv cov kev siv yog txwv rau hauv cov ntawv thov uas cuam tshuam txog kev hloov cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov khoom txav, qhov twg tooj liab conductors muaj ntau dua.
Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com