"Underbed" hosting yog lub npe slang rau cov neeg rau zaub mov nyob hauv ib chav tsev nyob zoo tib yam thiab txuas nrog lub tsev Internet channel. Cov servers zoo li no feem ntau tau tuav lub pej xeem FTP server, tus tswv tsev nplooj ntawv, thiab qee zaum txawm tias tag nrho hosting rau lwm cov haujlwm. Qhov tshwm sim tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm pheej yig hauv tsev Internet ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb channel, thaum xauj ib tug neeg rau zaub mov nyob rau hauv ib tug data center yog kim heev, thiab virtual servers tseem tsis tau nthuav dav thiab yooj yim txaus.
Feem ntau, lub khoos phis tawj qub tau muab faib rau "hauv qab" server, uas txhua qhov pom cov hard drive tau teeb tsa. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua haujlwm hauv tsev router thiab firewall. Txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm saib xyuas tus kheej hauv xov tooj tau paub tseeb tias yuav muaj lub server zoo li no hauv tsev.
Nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kev pabcuam huab pheej yig, cov servers hauv tsev tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam, thiab niaj hnub no feem ntau tuaj yeem pom hauv cov tsev nyob yog NAS rau khaws cov duab albums, tsos thiab thaub qab.
Tsab xov xwm tham txog cov xwm txheej xav paub cuam tshuam nrog cov servers hauv tsev thiab cov teeb meem ntsib los ntawm lawv cov thawj coj. Cia peb saib seb qhov xwm txheej zoo li cas niaj hnub no thiab xaiv yam dab tsi nthuav koj tuaj yeem tuav ntawm koj tus kheej server hnub no.
Tsev network servers hauv Novaya Kakhovka. Duab los ntawm lub site nag.ru
Kho tus IP chaw nyob
Qhov kev xav tau tseem ceeb rau lub tsev neeg rau zaub mov yog qhov muaj qhov chaw nyob IP tiag, uas yog, tuaj yeem siv tau los ntawm Is Taws Nem. Ntau tus neeg muab kev pabcuam tsis tau muab cov kev pabcuam zoo li no rau cov tib neeg, thiab nws yuav tsum tau txais los ntawm kev pom zoo tshwj xeeb. Feem ntau tus kws kho mob yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab ib daim ntawv cog lus sib cais rau kev muab tus IP nplooj siab. Qee lub sij hawm txawm tias cov txheej txheem no koom nrog tsim NIC Handle cais rau tus tswv, vim tias nws lub npe tag nrho thiab chaw nyob hauv tsev muaj nyob ncaj qha siv Whois cov lus txib. Ntawm no peb yuav tsum tau ceev faj thaum sib cav hauv Is Taws Nem, txij li cov lus tso dag txog "xws li IP" tau tso dag. Los ntawm txoj kev, tsis yog li ntawd ntev dhau los muaj ib tug scandal , uas txiav txim siab tso cov ntaub ntawv tus kheej ntawm tag nrho nws cov neeg siv khoom hauv whois.
IP chaw nyob ruaj khov vs DynDNS
Nws yog qhov zoo yog tias koj tswj kom tau txais IP chaw nyob ruaj khov - tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem yooj yim coj tag nrho cov npe sau rau nws thiab tsis nco qab txog nws, tab sis qhov no tsis yog ib txwm ua tau. Ntau lub tuam txhab loj hauv tsoomfwv ADSL muab cov neeg siv khoom siv qhov chaw nyob IP tiag tiag tsuas yog rau lub sijhawm ntawm kev sib kho, uas yog, nws tuaj yeem hloov pauv ib hnub ib zaug, lossis yog tias lub modem tau rov pib dua lossis kev sib txuas tau ploj lawm. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, Dyn (dynamic) DNS kev pabcuam tuaj cawm. Cov kev pabcuam nrov tshaj plaws , uas tau pub dawb rau lub sijhawm ntev, ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tau txais lub subdomain hauv cheeb tsam *.dyndns.org, uas tuaj yeem hloov kho sai sai thaum qhov chaw nyob IP hloov. Ib tsab ntawv tshwj xeeb ntawm tus neeg siv khoom tas li khob rau ntawm DynDNS server, thiab yog tias nws qhov chaw nyob hloov pauv, qhov chaw nyob tshiab tau teeb tsa tam sim ntawd hauv A-cov ntaub ntawv ntawm subdomain.
Kaw cov chaw nres nkoj thiab txwv tsis pub cov txheej txheem
Ntau tus neeg muab kev pabcuam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog loj ADSL, tau tawm tsam cov neeg siv kev pabcuam pej xeem ntawm lawv qhov chaw nyob, yog li lawv txwv tsis pub nkag mus rau cov chaw nres nkoj nrov xws li HTTP. Muaj cov xwm txheej paub tias cov chaw muab kev pabcuam thaiv cov chaw nres nkoj ntawm game servers, xws li Counter-Strike thiab Half-Life. Qhov kev xyaum no tseem nrov niaj hnub no, uas qee zaum ua rau muaj teeb meem. Piv txwv li, yuav luag txhua tus neeg muab kev pabcuam thaiv RPC thiab NetBios Windows cov chaw nres nkoj (135-139 thiab 445) txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev kis tus kabmob, nrog rau cov chaw nres nkoj nquag tuaj rau Email SMTP, POP3, IMAP raws tu qauv.
Cov neeg muab kev pabcuam uas muab kev pabcuam IP xovtooj ntxiv rau hauv Is Taws Nem nyiam thaiv SIP raws tu qauv chaw nres nkoj txhawm rau yuam cov neeg siv khoom siv lawv cov kev pabcuam xovtooj nkaus xwb.
PTR thiab xa ntawv
Hosting koj tus kheej mail server yog ib lub ntsiab lus loj. Khaws tus kheej email neeg rau zaub mov hauv qab koj lub txaj uas nyob hauv koj txoj kev tswj hwm yog ib lub tswv yim zoo siab heev. Tab sis kev siv hauv kev xyaum tsis yog ib txwm ua tau. Feem ntau lub tsev ISP IP chaw nyob tau raug thaiv mus tas li ntawm cov npe spam (), yog li mail servers tsuas tsis kam lees txais kev sib txuas SMTP los ntawm IP chaw nyob ntawm cov chaw muab kev pabcuam hauv tsev. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua kom xa ib tsab ntawv los ntawm lub server zoo li no.
Tsis tas li ntawd, kom ua tiav kev xa ntawv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau nruab qhov tseeb PTR cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tus IP chaw nyob, uas yog, rov qab hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm IP chaw nyob rau lub npe sau. Feem coob ntawm cov neeg muab kev pabcuam tau pom zoo rau qhov no tsuas yog nrog kev pom zoo tshwj xeeb lossis thaum xaus ib daim ntawv cog lus sib cais.
Peb tab tom nrhiav rau cov neeg nyob sib ze 'hauv qab txaj servers
Siv cov ntaub ntawv PTR, peb tuaj yeem pom qhov twg ntawm peb cov neeg nyob ze los ntawm IP chaw nyob tau pom zoo los teeb tsa cov ntaub ntawv DNS tshwj xeeb rau lawv tus IP. Ua li no, coj peb lub tsev IP chaw nyob thiab khiav cov lus txib rau nws leej twg, thiab peb tau txais ntau qhov chaw nyob uas tus neeg muab kev pabcuam teeb meem rau cov neeg siv khoom. Tej zaum yuav muaj ntau yam xws li, tab sis rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev sim, cia saib ib qho.
Nyob rau hauv peb cov ntaub ntawv, qhov no yog Online muab kev pab (Rostelecom). Wb mus thiab tau txais peb qhov chaw nyob IP:
Los ntawm txoj kev, Online yog ib qho ntawm cov chaw muab kev pabcuam uas ib txwm teeb tsa tus IP mus tas li rau cov neeg siv khoom, txawm tias tsis muaj kev pabcuam IP chaw nyob. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov chaw nyob yuav tsis hloov rau lub hlis.
Cia peb daws tag nrho qhov chaw nyob 95.84.192.0/18 (txog 16 txhiab chaw) siv nmap. Kev xaiv -sL Qhov tseem ceeb tsis ua haujlwm scan hosts, tab sis tsuas yog xa cov lus nug DNS, yog li hauv cov txiaj ntsig peb tsuas yog pom cov kab uas muaj npe cuam tshuam nrog IP chaw nyob.
$ nmap -sL -vvv 95.84.192.0/18
......
Nmap scan report for broadband-95-84-195-131.ip.moscow.rt.ru (95.84.195.131)
Nmap scan report for broadband-95-84-195-132.ip.moscow.rt.ru (95.84.195.132)
Nmap scan report for broadband-95-84-195-133.ip.moscow.rt.ru (95.84.195.133)
Nmap scan report for broadband-95-84-195-134.ip.moscow.rt.ru (95.84.195.134)
Nmap scan report for broadband-95-84-195-135.ip.moscow.rt.ru (95.84.195.135)
Nmap scan report for mx2.merpassa.ru (95.84.195.136)
Nmap scan report for broadband-95-84-195-137.ip.moscow.rt.ru (95.84.195.137)
Nmap scan report for broadband-95-84-195-138.ip.moscow.rt.ru (95.84.195.138)
Nmap scan report for broadband-95-84-195-139.ip.moscow.rt.ru (95.84.195.139)
Nmap scan report for broadband-95-84-195-140.ip.moscow.rt.ru (95.84.195.140)
Nmap scan report for broadband-95-84-195-141.ip.moscow.rt.ru (95.84.195.141)
Nmap scan report for broadband-95-84-195-142.ip.moscow.rt.ru (95.84.195.142)
Nmap scan report for broadband-95-84-195-143.ip.moscow.rt.ru (95.84.195.143)
Nmap scan report for broadband-95-84-195-144.ip.moscow.rt.ru (95.84.195.144)
.....
Yuav luag txhua qhov chaw nyob muaj tus qauv PTR cov ntaub ntawv zoo li broadband-address.ip.moscow.rt.ru tsuas yog rau ob peb yam, suav nrog mx 2.merpassa.ru. Kev txiav txim los ntawm mx subdomain, qhov no yog mail server (mail exchange). Cia peb sim xyuas qhov chaw nyob no hauv qhov kev pabcuam
Nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias tag nrho IP ntau yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv teev npe mus tas li, thiab cov ntawv xa los ntawm tus neeg rau zaub mov no yuav tsis tshua muaj neeg txais. Ua qhov no rau hauv tus account thaum xaiv ib lub server rau cov ntawv xa tawm.
Khaws ib tus neeg rau zaub mov hauv IP ntau ntawm koj tus kws kho mob hauv tsev yog ib lub tswv yim phem. Xws li ib tug neeg rau zaub mov yuav muaj teeb meem xa thiab tau txais mail. Nco ntsoov qhov no yog tias koj tus thawj tswj hwm qhov system qhia kom xa cov xa ntawv ncaj qha rau ntawm chaw ua haujlwm IP chaw nyob.
Siv tiag tiag hosting lossis email kev pabcuam. Ua li no koj yuav tau hu tsawg zaus los xyuas seb koj cov ntawv tuaj txog.
Hosting ntawm WiFi router
Nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib lub khoos phis tawj ib leeg zoo li Raspberry Pi, nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob uas pom lub vev xaib khiav ntawm lub cuab yeej loj ntawm lub pob luam yeeb, tab sis txawm tias ua ntej Raspberry Pi, cov neeg nyiam tau khiav cov nplooj ntawv hauv tsev ncaj qha ntawm lub router WiFi!
Lub legendary WRT54G router, uas tau pib qhov project OpenWRT hauv xyoo 2004
Lub Linksys WRT54G router, los ntawm qhov project OpenWRT pib, tsis muaj USB chaw nres nkoj, tab sis cov kws ua haujlwm pom cov GPIO pins nyob hauv nws uas tuaj yeem siv ua SPI. Qhov no yog li cas ib tug mod tshwm sim uas ntxiv ib daim npav SD rau lub cuab yeej. Qhov no tau qhib kev ywj pheej loj heev rau kev muaj tswv yim. Koj tuaj yeem muab tso ua ke tag nrho PHP! Kuv tus kheej nco ntsoov yuav ua li cas, yuav luag tsis paub yuav ua li cas rau solder, kuv soldered SD card rau lub router no. Tom qab ntawd, USB chaw nres nkoj yuav tshwm sim hauv routers thiab koj tuaj yeem ntxig lub flash drive.
Yav dhau los, muaj ntau txoj haujlwm hauv Is Taws Nem uas tau tsim tawm tag nrho ntawm lub tsev WiFi router; yuav muaj ib daim ntawv qhia txog qhov no hauv qab no. Hmoov tsis zoo, kuv nrhiav tsis tau ib qhov chaw nyob. Tej zaum koj paub cov no?
Server txee los ntawm IKEA rooj
Muaj ib hnub, ib tug neeg pom tias lub rooj kas fes nrov ntawm IKEA hu ua Lack ua haujlwm zoo li khib rau cov qauv 19-nti servers. Vim nws tus nqi ntawm $ 9, lub rooj no tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam heev rau kev tsim cov chaw hauv tsev. Txoj kev teeb tsa no hu ua .
Ikea Lakk lub rooj yog qhov zoo tagnrho tsis yog lub txee rau server
Cov ntxhuav tuaj yeem muab tso rau ib qho rau saum toj ntawm lwm tus thiab tsim cov khoom siv tiag tiag. Hmoov tsis zoo, vim yog cov laminated chipboard tsis yooj yim, cov servers hnyav ua rau cov ntxhuav poob sib nrug. Rau kev ntseeg tau, lawv tau ntxiv dag zog nrog cov fab hlau.
Yuav ua li cas cov menyuam kawm ntawv deprived kuv ntawm Internet
Raws li kev cia siab, kuv kuj muaj kuv tus kheej hauv qab txaj server, uas lub rooj sib tham yooj yim tab tom khiav, mob siab rau lub ntsiab lus hais txog kev ua si. Muaj ib hnub, ib tug tub kawm ntawv hnyav, tsis txaus siab rau qhov txwv, yaum nws cov phooj ywg, thiab ua ke lawv pib DDoS kuv lub rooj sab laj los ntawm lawv lub computer hauv tsev. Txij li tag nrho Is Taws Nem channel nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd yog kwv yees li 20 Megabits, lawv tau tswj hwm kuv lub tsev Internet tag nrho. Tsis muaj firewall thaiv kev pab, vim hais tias cov channel tau tag lawm.
Los ntawm sab nraud nws saib funny heev:
- Nyob zoo, vim li cas koj tsis teb kuv ntawm ICQ?
- Thov txim, tsis muaj internet, lawv sim nrhiav kuv.
Hu rau tus kws kho mob tsis pab, lawv hais rau kuv tias nws tsis yog lawv lub luag haujlwm los daws qhov no, thiab lawv tsuas tuaj yeem thaiv kuv txoj kev nkag mus tag nrho. Yog li kuv zaum ob hnub tsis muaj Internet kom txog thaum cov neeg tawm tsam tau nkees ntawm nws.
xaus
Yuav tsum muaj kev xaiv cov kev pabcuam P2P niaj hnub uas tuaj yeem siv rau hauv tsev neeg rau zaub mov, xws li ZeroNet, IPFS, Tahoe-LAFS, BitTorrent, I2P. Tab sis ob peb xyoos dhau los kuv lub tswv yim tau hloov ntau heev. Kuv ntseeg tias kev tuav ib qho kev pabcuam pej xeem ntawm tus IP chaw nyob hauv tsev, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas koom nrog rub tawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov neeg siv, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo tsis raug cai rau txhua tus neeg nyob hauv tsev. Tam sim no kuv qhia koj kom txwv tsis pub nkag los ntawm Is Taws Nem ntau li ntau tau, tso tseg qhov chaw nyob IP, thiab khaws tag nrho koj cov haujlwm ntawm cov chaw taws teeb hauv Is Taws Nem.
Ua raws li peb tus tsim tawm ntawm Instagram
Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com