Nyob zoo rau sawv daws! Kuv xav dedicate kuv debut tsab xov xwm ntawm habr rau lub ntsiab lus nthuav heev - lub RIPE Atlas Internet zoo tswj system. Ib feem ntawm kuv qhov kev txaus siab cuam tshuam txog kev kawm hauv Is Taws Nem lossis cyberspace (ib lo lus uas tau txais kev nyiam sai sai, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub voj voog tshawb fawb). Muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm RIPE Atlas hauv Is Taws Nem, suav nrog hauv habr, tab sis lawv zoo li tsis txaus rau kuv. Rau feem ntau, tsab xov xwm siv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm lub vev xaib official thiab kuv tus kheej xav.
Hloov ntawm phau ntawv no
Tus neeg sau npe hauv cheeb tsam hauv internet (RIR), uas nws lub luag haujlwm suav nrog Europe, Central Asia thiab Middle East, yog RIPE NCC (RΓ©seaux IP EuropΓ©ens Network Coordination Center). RIPE NCC yog lub koom haum tsis muaj txiaj ntsig nyob hauv Netherlands. Txhawb Internet. Muab IP chaw nyob thiab tus lej tswj hwm tus kheej rau cov chaw muab kev pabcuam hauv Internet thiab cov koom haum loj.
Ib qho ntawm RIPE NCC cov haujlwm tseem ceeb uas tsom mus rau kev tshawb fawb hauv lub xeev hauv Is Taws Nem yog RIPE Atlas (pib thaum xyoo 2010), uas yog qhov hloov pauv ntawm Kev Ntsuas Kev Ntsuas Kev Ntsuas, uas tsis ua haujlwm hauv 2014.
RIPE Atlas yog lub ntiaj teb network ntawm sensors uas nquag ntsuas lub xeev hauv Internet. Tam sim no muaj ntau txhiab tus sensors nyob rau hauv RIPE Atlas network thiab lawv cov naj npawb tau loj hlob tas li. RIPE NCC sau cov ntaub ntawv khaws tseg thiab ua rau nws muaj pub dawb rau cov neeg siv hauv daim ntawv yooj yim.
Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub network tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev yeem installation ntawm sensors los ntawm cov neeg siv nyob rau hauv lawv cov infrastructure, uas "credits" yog muab, uas yuav siv tau rau kev ntsuas kev txaus siab siv lwm yam sensors.
Feem ntau RIPE Atlas yog siv:
- los saib xyuas qhov muaj nyob ntawm koj lub network los ntawm ntau lub ntsiab lus hauv Is Taws Nem;
- txhawm rau tshawb xyuas thiab teeb meem koj lub network nrog ceev, yoog raws kev sib txuas kev sim;
- nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm koj tus kheej network;
- los saib xyuas qhov muaj ntawm DNS infrastructure;
- Kev txheeb xyuas IPv6.
RIPE Atlas
Raws li kuv twb tau hais lawm, RIPE Atlas yog lub kaw lus ntawm cov sensors uas nyob hauv Is Taws Nem thiab nyob rau hauv ib qho kev tswj hwm. Ntxiv nrog rau cov pa sensors (Probes), muaj ntau dua - anchors (Anchors).
Raws li ntawm ib nrab xyoo 2020, RIPE Atlas system muaj ntau dua 11 active sensors thiab ntau tshaj li 650 active thauj tog rau nkoj, uas ua ke tsim ntau tshaj 25 txhiab ntsuas thiab tau txais ntau tshaj 10 txhiab qhov tshwm sim ib ob.
Cov duab hauv qab no qhia txog kev loj hlob ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov sensors thiab anchors.
Thiab cov duab hauv qab no qhia ib daim duab qhia ntawm Lub Ntiaj Teb qhia qhov chaw ntawm cov sensors thiab anchors, raws li.
Txawm hais tias muaj xwm txheej hauv cheeb tsam ntawm RIPE NCC, RIPE Atlas network npog yuav luag tag nrho lub ntiaj teb, nrog Russia nyob rau sab saum toj 5 nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov ntsia sensors (568), nrog rau lub teb chaws Yelemees (1562), USA (1440), Fabkis. (925) thiab UK (610).
Tswj cov servers
Thaum kawm txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub sensor, nws tau pom tias nws tsis tu ncua (txhua 4 feeb) tshawb xyuas kev sib txuas lus nrog qee yam khoom hauv lub network, uas suav nrog cov hauv paus DNS servers thiab cov nodes nrog cov npe sau npe xws li "ctr-sin02.atlas.ripe.net" , Kuv ntseeg , uas yog cov tswj servers ntawm RIPE Atlas network.
Kuv tsis tau pom cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev tswj hwm servers ntawm lub vev xaib official, tab sis nws tuaj yeem xav tias lawv cov dej num suav nrog kev tswj cov sensors, nrog rau kev sib sau ua ke thiab ua cov ntaub ntawv. Yog tias kuv qhov kev kwv yees yog lawm, ces muaj tsawg kawg yog 6 lub chaw tswj hwm, ntawm 2 lub chaw nyob hauv Asmeskas, 2 lub tebchaws Netherlands, 1 lub tebchaws Yelemes, 1 hauv Singapore. Chaw nres nkoj 443 yog qhib rau txhua lub servers.
Yog tias leej twg muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntau ntxiv txog kev tswj hwm servers ntawm RIPE Atlas network, thov qhia qhov teeb meem no.
Sensor
Lub RIPE Atlas sensor yog ib qho khoom siv me me (TP-Txuas 3020) uas yog siv los ntawm USB thiab txuas rau lub router Ethernet chaw nres nkoj siv lub network cable. Nyob ntawm tus qauv, lub sensor yuav muaj Atheros AR9331 chipset, 400 MHz, 4 MB flash thiab 32 MB RAM lossis MediaNek MT7628NN chipset, 575 MHz, 8 MB flash thiab 64 MB RAM.
Thauj tog rau nkoj
Lub armature yog ib qho kev txhim kho sensor nrog ntau dua kev ua tau zoo thiab ntsuas muaj peev xwm. Nws yog ib qho khoom siv hauv tus qauv 19-nti version ntawm APU2C2 lossis APU2E2 kho vajtse platform nrog 4-core 1 GHz processor, 2 GB ntawm RAM, 3 Gigabit Ethernet ports thiab 250 GB SSD tsav. .
Kev teeb tsa thiab kev tswj xyuas lub sensor
Raws li kuv twb tau hais lawm, cov sensors raug faib dawb rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txhim kho lawv hauv koj cov infrastructure. Thaum thov ib lub sensor, qhia lub teb chaws, lub nroog thiab tus naj npawb ntawm cov autonomous system qhov twg nws yuav nyob. Hauv kev teb rau kuv qhov kev thov, RIPE NCC tau xa cov lus hauv qab no.
Hmoov tsis zoo, koj daim ntawv thov tsis ua raws li peb cov txheej txheem kom tau txais cov khoom siv kho vajtse rau lub sijhawm no. Thaum peb lub hom phiaj yog txhawm rau faib RIPE Atlas sensors kom dav li sai tau, nws zoo nkaus li tias twb muaj cov khoom siv txaus txuas nrog hauv ASN koj tau teev tseg, lub network koj tau thov rau, lossis lub tebchaws uas koj tau thov daim ntawv thov.
Tsis muaj teeb meem. Hauv qhov no, koj tuaj yeem nruab software sensor, piv txwv li, ntawm lub tshuab virtual, tsev neeg rau zaub mov lossis router - tsis muaj kev txwv ntawm qhov chaw thiab kev tswj hwm tus kheej. CentOS, Debian, Raspbian thiab Turris OS tau txais kev txhawb nqa. Txhawm rau siv, koj yuav tsum rub tawm thiab nruab software tsim nyog, piv txwv li los ntawm .
Txhim kho lub software sensor yog qhov yooj yim heev. Piv txwv li, txhawm rau nruab ntawm CentOS 8 koj yuav tsum tau khiav cov lus txib hauv qab no:
curl -O 'https://ftp.ripe.net/ripe/atlas/software-probe/centos8/noarch/ripe-atlas-repo-1-2.el8.noarch.rpm'yum install ripe-atlas-repo-1-2.el8.noarch.rpm
thiab sau npe lub sensor, qhov no koj yuav tsum muab tus yuam sij SSH, uas nyob rau hauv /var/atlas-probe/etc/probe_key.pub, thiab tseem qhia tus lej tswj hwm tus kheej thiab koj lub nroog. Tsab ntawv ceeb toom peb txog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom raug qhia qhov chaw ntawm lub sensor.
Kev tswj hwm sensor tsuas yog txwv rau lub peev xwm los qhia cov peev txheej ntsuas nrog rau lwm tus neeg siv, teeb tsa cov ntawv ceeb toom downtime, nrog rau cov txheej txheem network teeb tsa (chaw nyob, lub rooj vag qub, thiab lwm yam).
Ntsuas
Thaum kawg peb tau txais kev ntsuas. Kev teeb tsa cov haujlwm ntsuas yog ua los ntawm koj tus kheej tus account. Koj tuaj yeem pom cov txiaj ntsig tau muaj.
Kev ua haujlwm ntsuas muaj peb kauj ruam: xaiv hom ntsuas, xaiv lub ntsuas ntsuas, xaiv lub sijhawm ntsuas.
Kev ntsuas tuaj yeem yog hom hauv qab no: ping, traceroute, DNS, SSL, HTTP, NTP. Cov chaw nthuav dav rau ib hom kev ntsuas tshwj xeeb, tsis suav nrog cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb lossis kev siv hluav taws xob, suav nrog: chaw nyob lub hom phiaj, txheej txheej txheej txheem network, tus naj npawb ntawm pob ntawv hauv kev ntsuas thiab lub sijhawm ntawm kev ntsuas, pob ntawv loj thiab lub sijhawm ntawm pob ntawv, qib ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv lub sijhawm pib xa cov pob ntawv.
Sensors tuaj yeem xaiv los ntawm lawv tus lej lossis lub tebchaws ntawm qhov chaw, thaj chaw, kev tswj hwm tus kheej, cim npe, thiab lwm yam.
Lub sijhawm ntsuas yog teem los ntawm lub sijhawm pib thiab xaus.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntsuas muaj nyob rau ntawm lub vev xaib hauv koj tus kheej tus account, uas tuaj yeem tau txais hauv json hom. Feem ntau, ntsuas cov txiaj ntsig yog qhov ntsuas ntau yam uas qhia txog qhov muaj nyob ntawm qee qhov ntawm lossis kev pabcuam.
Rau cov neeg siv, kev ntsuas qhov muaj peev xwm tau nthuav tawm hauv qhov dav tab sis tsis tshua muaj ntau yam. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog qhov pom tseeb tias lub peev xwm ntawm lub kaw lus koom nrog cov tiam ntawm cov pob khoom ntawm yuav luag txhua qhov kev teeb tsa, uas qhib tau ntau lub sijhawm rau kev ntsuas lub xeev hauv Is Taws Nem.
Hauv qab no yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov txiaj ntsig nyoos los ntawm ib qho kev ntsuas uas siv cov kev teeb tsa tsis raug. Hauv kev ntsuas xws li ping, traceroute thiab SSL, IP chaw nyob ntawm habr.com raug xaiv raws li lub hom phiaj, DNS yog IP chaw nyob ntawm Google DNS server, NTP yog IP chaw nyob ntawm NTP server ntp1.stratum2.ru. Txhua qhov kev ntsuas tau siv ib lub sensor nyob hauv Vladivostok.
Ping
[{"fw":4790,"lts":18,"dst_name":"178.248.237.68","af":4,"dst_addr":"178.248.237.68","src_addr":"192.168.0.10","proto":"ICMP","ttl":55,"size":48,"result":[{"rtt":122.062873},{"rtt":121.775641},{"rtt":121.807897}],"dup":0,"rcvd":3,"sent":3,"min":121.775641,"max":122.062873,"avg":121.882137,"msm_id":26273241,"prb_id":4428,"timestamp":1594622562,"msm_name":"Ping","from":"5.100.99.178","type":"ping","group_id":26273241,"step":null,"stored_timestamp":1594622562}]Traceroute
[{"fw":4790,"lts":19,"endtime":1594622643,"dst_name":"178.248.237.68","dst_addr":"178.248.237.68","src_addr":"192.168.0.10","proto":"ICMP","af":4,"size":48,"paris_id":1,"result":[{"hop":1,"result":[{"from":"192.168.0.1","ttl":64,"size":76,"rtt":7.49},{"from":"192.168.0.1","ttl":64,"size":76,"rtt":1.216},{"from":"192.168.0.1","ttl":64,"size":76,"rtt":1.169}]},{"hop":2,"result":[{"from":"5.100.98.1","ttl":254,"size":28,"rtt":1.719},{"from":"5.100.98.1","ttl":254,"size":28,"rtt":1.507},{"from":"5.100.98.1","ttl":254,"size":28,"rtt":1.48}]},---DATA OMITED---,{"hop":10,"result":[{"from":"178.248.237.68","ttl":55,"size":48,"rtt":121.891},{"from":"178.248.237.68","ttl":55,"size":48,"rtt":121.873},{"from":"178.248.237.68","ttl":55,"size":48,"rtt":121.923}]}],"msm_id":26273246,"prb_id":4428,"timestamp":1594622637,"msm_name":"Traceroute","from":"5.100.99.178","type":"traceroute","group_id":26273246,"stored_timestamp":1594622649}]DNS
[{"fw":4790,"lts":146,"dst_addr":"8.8.8.8","af":4,"src_addr":"192.168.0.10","proto":"UDP","result":{"rt":174.552,"size":42,"abuf":"5BGAgAABAAEAAAAABGhhYnIDY29tAAABAAHADAABAAEAAAcmAASy+O1E","ID":58385,"ANCOUNT":1,"QDCOUNT":1,"NSCOUNT":0,"ARCOUNT":0},"msm_id":26289620,"prb_id":4428,"timestamp":1594747880,"msm_name":"Tdig","from":"5.100.99.178","type":"dns","group_id":26289620,"stored_timestamp":1594747883}]SSL
[{"fw":4790,"lts":63,"dst_name":"178.248.237.68","dst_port":"443","method":"TLS","ver":"1.2","dst_addr":"178.248.237.68","af":4,"src_addr":"192.168.0.10","ttc":106.920213,"rt":219.948332,"cert":["-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----nMIIGJzCCBQ+gAwIBAg ---DATA OMITED--- yd/teRCBaho1+Vn-----END CERTIFICATE-----"],"msm_id":26289611,"prb_id":4428,"timestamp":1594747349,"msm_name":"SSLCert","from":"5.100.99.178","type":"sslcert","group_id":26289611,"stored_timestamp":1594747352}]NTP
[{"fw":4790,"lts":72,"dst_name":"88.147.254.230","dst_addr":"88.147.254.230","src_addr":"192.168.0.10","proto":"UDP","af":4,"li":"no","version":4,"mode":"server","stratum":2,"poll":8,"precision":0.0000076294,"root-delay":0.000518799,"root-dispersion":0.0203094,"ref-id":"5893fee5","ref-ts":3803732581.5476198196,"result":[{"origin-ts":3803733082.3982748985,"receive-ts":3803733082.6698465347,"transmit-ts":3803733082.6698560715,"final-ts":3803733082.5099263191,"rtt":0.111643,"offset":-0.21575},{"origin-ts":3803733082.5133042336,"receive-ts":3803733082.7847337723,"transmit-ts":3803733082.7847442627,"final-ts":3803733082.6246700287,"rtt":0.111355,"offset":-0.215752},{"origin-ts":3803733082.6279149055,"receive-ts":3803733082.899283886,"transmit-ts":3803733082.8992962837,"final-ts":3803733082.7392635345,"rtt":0.111337,"offset":-0.2157}],"msm_id":26289266,"prb_id":4428,"timestamp":1594744282,"msm_name":"Ntp","from":"5.100.99.178","type":"ntp","group_id":26289266,"stored_timestamp":1594744289}]xaus
RIPE Atlas network yog ib qho cuab yeej yooj yim uas tso cai rau koj los saib xyuas cov khoom thiab cov kev pabcuam hauv Is Taws Nem nyob ze lub sijhawm.
Cov ntaub ntawv tsim tawm los ntawm RIPE Atlas network tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov tswv lag luam xov tooj, cov kws tshawb fawb, cov kws tshaj lij hauv zej zog thiab txhua tus neeg xav paub txog kev noj qab haus huv ntawm Is Taws Nem thiab xav paub ntau ntxiv txog cov qauv hauv network thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntws uas txhawb nqa Is Taws Nem hauv ntiaj teb. .
PS RIPE Atlas tsis yog ib leeg hauv nws hom, muaj cov analogues, piv txwv li .
Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com