Kab lus no piav qhia txog txoj hauv kev rau kev kuaj tus kheej ntau yam kev ua haujlwm nyuaj nyuaj raws li lawv cov tsos mob, nrog rau txoj hauv kev kom muaj kev nyab xeeb clone hard drive nrog cov teeb meem me.
Ntau qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv poob thiab cov txheej txheem kev pom zoo tau txiav txim siab tias, tsis muaj kev paub tob txog cov qauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, siv cov kev pabcuam rov qab tsis siv neeg yuav pab koj tau txais koj cov ntaub ntawv rov qab yam tsis muaj kev pab sab nraud.
Tab sis ua ntej koj pib ua haujlwm ywj pheej, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo nyeem tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv hauv tsab xov xwm, thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd txheeb xyuas lub xeev ntawm koj lub hard drive, kom koj qhov kev sim tsis dhau los ua qhov kawg hauv lub neej ntawm tus tsav, thiab yog li ntawd. koj tsis deprive koj tus kheej ntawm koj qhov kev cia siab kawg rau rov qab cov ntaub ntawv koj xav tau.
Ntsiab lus
Ntu XNUMX: Kev kuaj mob
Qhov thib ob: Cov ntaub ntawv rov qab.
Los ntawm kev pom zoo ua raws li cov lus qhia ntxiv, koj nkag siab tias tsis muaj leej twg tshwj tsis yog koj yog lub luag haujlwm rau qhov ua tsis tiav ntawm lub tsav thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsis tuaj yeem rov qab tau. Cov txheej txheem ntsuas yog txhawm rau txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo, tab sis tsis tiv thaiv nws 100%.
diagnostics
1. Kev soj ntsuam
Tshawb xyuas lub tsav rau deformations, ploj lossis hlawv cov khoom ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm, thiab xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm cov khoom sib txuas. Yog tias pom muaj kev puas tsuaj loj lossis hlawv tawm, nws raug nquahu kom tsis txhob sim muab lub zog rau cov tsav zoo li no, txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem hnyav dua.
Siv cov ntsia hlau ntsia hlau (feem ntau yog Torx - T5, T6, T9) tshem cov ntsia hlau uas tuav lub rooj tsav xwm tswj thiab xyuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tiv tauj ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm.
Rice. 2 muaj oxide zaj duab xis ntawm cov ntaub qhwv
Yog tias muaj cov oxides, koj tuaj yeem siv lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws kom tshem tawm lawv los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg. Koj tsuas tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nrog cov lwv ntawm thaj chaw tiaj tus, raws li hauv daim duab. Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, qhov kev txiav txim zoo li no tsis siv tau.
Rice. 3 cov ntaub qhwv huv.
Yog tias pom muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lub rooj tsavxwm, ces koj yuav tsum tsis txhob sim hloov lub rooj tsavxwm los ntawm cov tsav zoo sib xws hauv cov tsav nyuaj niaj hnub no, txij li cov khoom siv niaj hnub ROM ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm tuaj yeem muaj ntau yam kev hloov pauv uas tau tsim thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom thiab yog tshwj xeeb rau txhua tsav. Hauv cov xwm txheej tsis tshua muaj, cov chaw txawv teb chaws tuaj yeem ua rau lub hard drive puas.
Yog tias koj muaj chaw nres tsheb soldering, koj yuav tsum tau hloov MCU, EEPROM, NV-RAM, NAND (nyob ntawm seb muaj dab tsi nyob ntawm lub rooj tsav xwm tswj hwm thiab qhov twg ntawm cov no yuav tsum raug xa mus) thiab tom qab hloov kho, siv tus neeg pub dawb. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias kom hloov pauv ntau tus tswj hwm nws yuav txaus kom hloov pauv tsuas yog EEPROM nti.
Thaum xaiv ib lub rooj tsavxwm, ua ntej saib tus lej PCB. Tom ntej no, ntsuas qhov sib txuam ntawm MCU thiab VCM & SM cov cim kev tswj hwm. Yog tias MCU thiab VCM & SM tswj cov cim cim ntawm thawj lub rooj tsavxwm thiab lub rooj tsav xwm pub dawb sib txawv, ces muaj qhov tshwm sim siab uas lub rooj tsav xwm pub dawb tsis haum. Tej zaum yuav muaj ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov laug cam nyob rau hauv tib tsev neeg, thiab qee zaum lawv yuav sib haum nrog qee qhov kev ceeb toom, tab sis koj yuav tsum tsis txhob sim xyuas qhov no hauv tsev.
Kev sim hloov lub rooj tsav xwm tsis tsim nyog (nrog rau tus lej sib txawv ntawm PCB) tuaj yeem ua rau kub hnyiab ntawm qhov hloov-preamplifier.
Yog tias koj muaj multimeter, xyuas 5V thiab 12V circuits rau luv circuits. Kuj xyuas qhov tsis kam ntawm lub cev muaj zog windings. Yog tias koj muaj kev lav phib xaub ua haujlwm ntawm tib hom ( tib lub chaw tsim khoom, qauv ntau yam, kev hloov kho ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm tswj), ces koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas seb tib tus lej pins hauv qhov hloov pauv yuav txuas rau hauv av, thiab tseem muab piv rau tsis kam. Yog tias muaj qhov sib txawv loj, peb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias qhov hloov pauv-preamplifier yog qhov yuam kev, thiab ntawm qhov tam sim no nres ib qho kev sim ywj pheej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rov qab ntxiv.
2. Kev xeem khiav
Xyuas kom tseeb tias koj qhov kev sim ua haujlwm tau zoo, txhawm rau kom tsis txhob ua qhov kev kuaj mob tsis raug, thiab yog tias tsis pom muaj lwm yam laj thawj uas yuav tiv thaiv koj los ntawm kev sim pib, ces txuas lub interface cable thiab fais fab cable mus rau qhov tsim nyog connectors thiab tig. ntawm lub hwj chim mov.
Yog tias koj paub tias tus tsav raug ntaus lossis poob thaum ua haujlwm, lossis pib ua lub suab nrov ua ntej nws tuaj rau koj, tsis txhob sim tig nws.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, yuav tsum tau qhib lub hard drive nyob rau hauv lub laminar flow hood (los yog huv chav tsev) thiab yuav tsum tau ib tug meej kev soj ntsuam uas siv lub tshuab ntsuas.
Rice. 4 txuas cables rau hard drives.
Tom qab siv fais fab, tus tsav yuav tsum pib tig lub ncej. Qee qhov xwm txheej, qhov no yuav tsis tshwm sim nrog cov tsav zoo kawg nkaus yog tias, rau qee qhov laj thawj, qhov teeb tsa tsav xav tau cov lus txib tig.
Thaum cov ncej tig, muaj suab nrov me ntsis los ntawm huab cua ntws. Hauv qee qhov kev tsav tsheb nws tsis tshua hnov, yog li koj tuaj yeem tuav koj tus kheej nrog lub stethoscope (los yog tuav lub tsav ze ntawm koj lub pob ntseg, ua raws txhua txoj cai kev nyab xeeb, tiv thaiv luv luv).
Yog tias tsis yog lub suab nrov ntawm huab cua koj hnov cov suab nrov nrov nrov, suab nrov ntsiag to lossis suab tsis zoo ib yam li xov tooj beeps, feem ntau yuav tsis tuaj yeem pib tig lub cev muaj zog. Cov laj thawj rau qhov no tuaj yeem yog cov hauv qab no: kev ua haujlwm ntawm BMG sab nraum qhov chaw nres tsheb (thaj chaw), jamming ntawm lub cav ncej, ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm VCM & SM maub los microcircuit.
Yog tias koj muaj qhov tsim nyog pub tsav, koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov version nrog VCM & SM maub los ua haujlwm yog tias koj npaj txhij los ua qhov tsim nyog hloov pauv ntawm pawg neeg pub dawb tau piav qhia hauv kab lus "kev tshuaj xyuas pom".
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm BMG nyob sab nraum qhov chaw nres tsheb, kev ywj pheej ua raws li cov yeeb yaj kiab hauv YouTube feem ntau ua rau muaj kev khawb ntxiv rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm daim hlau los yog rhuav tshem ntawm cov sliders. Txawm hais tias koj tswj kom ua tau zoo coj BMG mus rau qhov chaw nres tsheb, tom qab ntawd cov teeb meem hauv cov txheej txheem polymer tsim nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas cov sliders daig, micro-scratches los ntawm sliders tau txais thaum lub sij hawm tshem tawm ntawm BMG, ua ke nrog offline scanning txheej txheem thiab plua plav los ntawm cov huab cua tsis huv, tsis zoo li yuav tso cai rau koj kom muaj sijhawm los nyeem cov ntaub ntawv ntim tseem ceeb hauv feem ntau ntawm cov xwm txheej ua ntej kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem degradation ntxiv tsis tau pib. Yuav ua li cas cov ntaub ntawv rov qab txheej txheem tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb lub tuam txhab yuav nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm
Thaum lub cev muaj zog yog jammed, nws yog feem ntau yuav tsum tau hloov lub pob disk rau hauv tus pub tsav hermetic block. Cov xwm txheej zoo li no hauv tsev yam tsis muaj kev npaj tsim nyog thiab tsis muaj cov cuab yeej tsim nyog yuav raug puas tsuaj rau 99,9% ntawm cov neeg mob.
Yog tias tsis muaj suab nrov thaum siv fais fab thiab tsav tsis pib tig lub ncej, tom qab ntawd cov kev kuaj mob hauv qab no tuaj yeem ua tau: lub rooj tsav xwm tswj tsis raug, qhov hloov pauv-preamplifier yog faulty, BMG yog faulty.
Tom qab tus tsav tau pib tig lub ncej, nws yuav tsum tau ua calibration, nyeem cov firmware thiab, tau pib lub tshuab txhais lus, npaj txhij. Yog hais tias, es tsis txhob calibration, koj hnov cyclic knocking suab, sib tsoo suab, los yog lwm yam ringing suab, tam sim ntawd disconnect tus tsav. Qhov ua rau ntawm qhov tshwm sim no tuaj yeem yog: kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm BMG lossis hloov pauv preamplifier, ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm VCM & SM maub los microcircuit.
Lub firmware ntawm qee qhov tsav tau xaiv lub preamplifier hloov ua ntej spinning lub cev muaj zog ncej, thiab yog tias cov lus teb tsis raug lossis kev tawm tsam tsis zoo raug kuaj pom ntawm ib qho ntawm lub taub hau, qhov xwm txheej ceev ntawm cov txheej txheem pib pib ua tiav. Hmoov tsis zoo, tsis yog txhua lub firmware txaus tswj kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub cuab yeej nws tus kheej thiab tso cai rau kev sim pib qhov teeb meem nyuaj nyuaj. Nws raug nquahu kom ua LMG hloov pauv hauv lub laminar flow hood nrog cov huab cua huv si thiab cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj yuav tsum paub yuav ua li cas xaiv tus neeg pub dawb thiaj li xaiv ib qho nrog kev kho kom haum ntawm qhov hloov pauv-preamplifier, daim ntawv qhia lub taub hau thiab cov kev hloov pauv zoo sib xws. Tsuas yog sib piv cov chaw tsim khoom thiab cov qauv tsis lav tias tus tsav yog tus neeg pub dawb. Txawm hais tias koj tswj hwm tus kheej xaiv tus neeg pub dawb thiab ua cov txheej txheem hloov pauv, nws tsis zoo li tias koj yuav tuaj yeem nyeem cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb vim muaj teeb meem cuam tshuam.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj ua tau yog tias lub rooj tsav xwm tswj tsis raug yog qhia hauv ntu "Kev tshuaj xyuas pom".
Rice. 5 hnyav khawb nto ntawm lub phaj (ntau txiav).
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias nrog txhua qhov kev sim tig rau lub tsav nrog qhov ua tsis tau zoo BMG, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntxiv ntawm cov platter nto, uas tuaj yeem ua rau qhov ua tsis tiav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rov qab.
Yog tias tus tsav tsis ua lub suab tsis txaus ntseeg, tom qab ua tiav tag nrho cov txheej txheem pib nws yuav tsum tau npaj. Txij ntawm no mus, tus tsav yuav tsum tau npaj txhij los pauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub interface, thiab yog tias txuas nrog lub PC motherboard chaw nres nkoj, nws yuav tsum teb rau daim ntawv hla tebchaws thov los ntawm BIOS. Yog tias txhua yam nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim nrog kev sib txuas thiab BIOS nqis, tab sis lub disk tseem pom tsis tau rau PC, ces feem ntau yuav muaj teeb meem hauv tus tsav lub firmware uas tsis tso cai rau nws los npaj.
Yog tias tus tsav muab cov ntaub ntawv hla tebchaws tsis raug, piv txwv li, tsuas yog lub npe qauv thiab xoom lub peev xwm, lossis lub npe qauv tsis yog raws nraim qhov nws yuav tsum yog, lossis tsis muaj tus lej xov tooj, qhov no qhia tau tias cov txheej txheem pib ua tsis tiav thiab muaj. teeb meem hauv firmware. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem daws qhov teeb meem koj tus kheej yam tsis muaj kev siv software thiab kho vajtse.
Ib qho kev zam tshwj xeeb yog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Seagate 7200.11 (Moose tsev neeg), uas qee qhov teeb meem tuaj yeem daws tau los ntawm kev siv RS232-TTL adapter thiab lub davhlau ya nyob twg tsis tu ncua, tab sis ntawm no koj yuav tsum nkag siab tias yam tsis muaj delving rau hauv cov teeb meem microcode muaj kev pheej hmoo. ntawm tseem ceeb aggravating qhov teeb meem.
Nws tsis pom zoo kom siv cov txheej txheem rau lwm tsev neeg, vim nws yuav ua rau rov suav cov neeg txhais lus, uas feem ntau ntawm cov xwm txheej yuav tsis raug thiab kev nkag mus rau thaj chaw neeg siv yuav raug txwv rau thawj qhov tsis sib xws. Cov ntaub ntawv rov qab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no ua ho nyuaj dua.
Yog tias tag nrho cov teb hauv phau ntawv hla tebchaws muab los ntawm tus tsav yog qhov tseeb tshwj tsis yog lub peev xwm, tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum xyuas seb qhov no puas yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm BIOS yuam kev ntawm qee lub motherboard, uas, siv HPA cov lus txib, es tsis txhob txiav ib qho me me. LBA ntau yam kom txuag tau ib daim qauv ntawm BIOS, txiav tawm yuav luag 1TB.
Rice. 6 ntsuas disk muaj peev xwm 1TB tom qab ua tiav BIOS tsis raug. Gigabyte boards
Txhawm rau daws qhov teeb meem no, koj tuaj yeem siv HDAT2 lossis zoo sib xws software kuaj mob dawb, uas koj tuaj yeem xa rov qab tsav mus rau lub peev xwm ntawm daim ntawv teev npe qub, nrog rau lov tes taw muaj peev xwm tswj HPA hauv DCO kom tsis txhob rov muaj teeb meem.
3. Npaj rau kev sim
Thaum kuaj cov disks sab nraud ntawm cov txheej txheem kev tshaj lij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau npaj cov kev khiav hauj lwm ua ntej. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum txwv tsis pub siv lub tshuab ntim disk kom tsis txhob ua haujlwm ntawm nws tus kheej.
Hauv OS Windows Yuav ua li no, koj yuav tsum khiav nws nrog cov cai ntawm tus thawj coj diskpart thiab khiav cov lus txib automount lov tes taw. Yog tias qhov teeb meem uas muaj feem cuam tshuam tau yav dhau los txuas nrog OS no, tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tshem tawm cov mount tsis los ntawm kev sau npe nrog cov lus txib. automount scrub. Kev rov pib dua yog pom zoo rau cov chaw no kom siv tau.
Nws tseem yog qhov tsim nyog los npaj cov software kuaj mob. Windows Koj siv tau PC3000 DiskAnalyzer pub dawb, uas, ntxiv rau qhov kev kuaj mob, kuj tseem tso cai rau koj los tsim cov thaub qab ntawm cov khoom. Nws kuj tseem ceeb kom muaj lub USB flash drive bootable nrog HDAT2.
Nws tsis tas yuav siv cov software no rau kev kuaj mob nkaus xwb. Koj tuaj yeem siv lwm yam analogues, tshwj tsis yog qee qhov software tsis pub dawb rau cov neeg siv tsis txaus ntseeg, uas nws tshaj tawm yuav muaj cov lus zoo sib xws "... tshwj xeeb rau kev tsim kho lub cev puas tsuaj rau lub hard disk. Nws tsis zais cov haujlwm phem, nws rov kho lawv tiag tiag! " Txawm hais tias cov lus hais nrov nrov hauv qhov tseeb, xws li software muaj peev xwm me me uas tsis pub dhau lub peev xwm ntawm cov software dawb, thiab lub tswv yim ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog cov tsis xws luag yog ntau tsom rau kev tua tag nrho cov tsav dua li ntawm kev pab ntxiv kom tau cov ntaub ntawv.
Yog tias, thaum tsav tsheb sib txuas, OS lub sijhawm khau raj tau nce ntau zaus, txawm tias tsis siv neeg mounting ntawm cov ntim tsis siv neeg, ces nws raug nquahu kom tso tseg txhua yam kev ua ub ua no kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem loj dua.
Ib qho kev nce ntxiv hauv OS lub sijhawm thauj khoom thaum muaj teeb meem nyuaj tsav txuas nrog yog ib qho cim qhia tias muaj qhov tsis xws luag ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub platters tsav. Kev ncua sijhawm ntawm kev thauj khoom OS tshwm sim vim nkag mus rau cov haujlwm tsis raug thiab sim los ntawm firmware los ua cov txheej txheem scanning offline uas nws tsis tuaj yeem lis.
Tom qab lub OS tau ua tiav loaded, mus rau Device Manager thiab xyuas kom meej tias koj tsav nyob rau hauv daim ntawv teev cov pab kiag li lawm. Yog hais tias nws tsis nyob ntawd, ces xyuas kom meej tias tus tsav tsheb rau tus maub los uas nws txuas nrog yog ntsia, thiab tus maub los nws tus kheej tsis muaj neeg xiam nyob rau hauv daim ntawv teev cov khoom siv. Yog tias txhua yam zoo nrog tus tsav tsheb thiab OS nqis, tab sis tus tsav tsis tshwm sim hauv OS lossis tshwm thiab ploj mus tom qab ib ntus, qhov no feem ntau qhia txog ntau yam haujlwm tsis zoo. Cov feem ntau yuav yog ib tug malfunction ntawm lub controller board, ib tug khov nyob rau hauv lub tsav lub firmware, los yog tus tsav mus rau hauv kev kub ceev hom, nyob rau hauv uas nws tsis teb ib txwm rau feem ntau cov lus txib.
Txhawm rau kom paub meej qhov kev kuaj mob, koj tuaj yeem sim thauj khoom DOS thiab siv HDAT2 los saib SMART tsis. Yog tias pom cov tsos mob ntawm kev tsim kho tsis raug (tsis yog xoom qhov tseem ceeb rau tus cwj pwm 5 thiab 197 (C5) hauv cov khoom tsis yog tus qauv), ces peb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias tsis muaj dab tsi tuaj yeem ua tau hauv tsev yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog cov teeb tsa firmware. Yog tias tsis muaj cov cim qhia ntawm kev tsim kho tsis raug, ces qhov ua rau khov yuav pw hauv kev ua haujlwm tsis raug ntawm lub rooj tsav xwm tswj. Hauv qhov no, koj tuaj yeem sim siv lub rooj tsav xwm tswj los ntawm tus pub tsav tsheb.
4. Kev sim
Tau dhau los ntawm cov kauj ruam dhau los thiab tsis pom ib qho laj thawj tseem ceeb kom nres qhov txheej txheem, koj tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv mus ntsuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm tus tsav. Feem ntau cov tsav tsheb tso tawm xyoo pua no yog nruab nrog SMART thev naus laus zis, uas saib xyuas tus tsav xwm txheej thiab sau ntau yam xwm txheej thaum nws ua haujlwm. Koj tuaj yeem nyeem ntxiv txog kev siv cov thev naus laus zis no hauv HDDs thiab qhov tsis zoo uas nws tau pom zoo los tswj thaum siv disks hauv peb tsab xov xwm .
Siv software kuaj mob, koj yuav tsum thov SMART tsis
Rice. 7 SMART yam ntxwv ntawm lub hard drive noj qab nyob zoo
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuam xyuas cov cim qhia rau tus cwj pwm 5 thiab 197 (C5). Yog tias qhov tseem ceeb hauv RAW kem yog xoom lossis cov teeb meem ntsuas yog ib leeg, ces koj yuav tsum tau mus rau qhov kev sim ntxiv.
Rice. 8 SMART cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub disk nrog kev tsim kho tsis zoo
Yog hais tias tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg sib tw rau qhov tsis xws luag yog peb mus rau plaub tus lej, ces nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv sim sim saum npoo los yog luam theej duab nrog cov ntaub ntawv tsis siv neeg rov qab siv yuav ua rau qhov teeb meem loj dua kom txog thaum nws tsis tuaj yeem tau txais cov ntaub ntawv.
Txhawm rau kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum cuam tshuam nrog lub firmware teeb tsa ntawm cov tsav thiab lov tes taw offline scanning cov txheej txheem thiab SMART logging kom txuag tau tus tsav los ntawm kev koom nrog cov txheej txheem keeb kwm yav dhau uas tuaj yeem txo tau lub neej ntev ntawm cov khoom muaj teeb meem. Hmoov tsis zoo, qhov no tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv txoj hauv kev yooj yim yam tsis muaj kev paub tob ntawm tus tsav lub firmware architecture thiab tsis muaj kev tshaj lij. Cov hauj lwm tom ntej yog los ntsuam xyuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm txhua lub taub hau ntawm tus kheej thiab txheeb xyuas qhov chaw tsis zoo. Kev nyeem kab ntawv nrog ntau qhov rov ua dua hauv qhov chaw tsis raug yog contraindicated nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, vim nws txaus ntshai heev.
Txawm hais tias tus tsav thaum xub thawj ua haujlwm raug thiab, raws li SMART nyeem, tsis muaj cov cim qhia ntawm qhov tsis xws luag, qhov no tsis yog qhov lees paub tias tsis muaj tiag. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua tiav qhov kev xeem theem kawg thiab ua qhov kev txheeb xyuas qhov chaw.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis tu ncua saib xyuas cov txheej txheem scanning. Yog hais tias lub suab txawv txawv tshwm sim los yog cov cheeb tsam loj nrog kev nyeem ntawv tsis raug, tam sim ntawd cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem thiab tua lub tsav kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo.
Rice. 9 sij hawm rau scanning ib tug ua hauj lwm disk
Yog tias qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev luam theej duab disk yog daim duab uas yog monotonically txo qis hauv kev ceev thiab tsis muaj kev nyeem yuam kev tau sau npe, ces tus tsav tuaj yeem suav tias yog kev pabcuam thiab mus rau ntu tom ntej.
Hauv cov disks nrog cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm loj thiab tshaj tawm uas txawv ntawm cov classical ib qho (feem ntau hauv cov disks nrog cov nplais kaw (SMR),) daim duab yuav muaj qhov sib txawv. Ntau hom kev tawm tsam tuaj yeem ua tau.
Rice. 10 daim duab scanning disk nrog lub taub hau teeb meem
Yog tias, thaum lub sijhawm kuaj xyuas disk, cov cheeb tsam "qeeb" raug kuaj pom, qhov no yog qhov cim qhia ntawm lub taub hau tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm. Tsis tas yuav tos kom txog thaum pom qhov tsis xws luag thiab tso tseg kev sim tam sim ntawd.
Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, tsis muaj dab tsi zoo tuaj yeem los ntawm kev sim rho tawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm koj tus kheej. Nrog rau qhov muaj peev xwm ua tau siab, tus tsav yuav tsis muaj txoj sia nyob ib qho kev sim los tsim cov ntawv luam los ntawm ntu uas siv cov txhais tau tias muaj rau cov neeg siv.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas cov cim qhia ntawm qhov tsis xws luag raug kuaj pom nyob rau hauv SMART 5 thiab 197 (C5) cwj pwm, los yog cov point defects tau pom thaum lub sij hawm ua pov thawj, nws yog tsim nyog los tsim ib daim ntawv luam ntawm lub disk.
5. Sector daim ntawv luam
Yog tias, raws li cov txiaj ntsig kev xeem, tus tsav ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab tsis muaj teeb meem raug kuaj pom, tom qab ntawd koj tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov ntawv theej los ntawm ntu thiab ua haujlwm nrog tus thawj disk. Tab sis txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj ntau yam xwm txheej, nws raug pom zoo kom tsis txhob hla cov kauj ruam no thiab txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm nrog ib daim ntawv luam.
Nrog lub hard drive noj qab haus huv los yog tsav nrog ob peb yam tsis xws luag, nws tsis ua ntau qhov sib txawv uas koj siv, tsuav nws tsim ib daim ntawv luam tiav. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob sim siv cov kev xaiv ntawm qee qhov kev pab cuam los tsim cov duab compressed, txij li thaum ntawd koj yuav tsuas tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tsis pub dhau lub peev xwm ntawm software uas tsim cov duab zoo li no.
Hauv OS Windows Koj siv tau cov kev pab cuam hauv qab no: WinHex, DMDE, PC3000 DiskAnalyzer, R-studio thiab lwm yam.
Hauv OS Linux Cov peev xwm ntawm tus qauv dd command yog txaus
Tsis yog txhua tus software yog dawb, tab sis nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev lub peev xwm ntawm kev sim / demo version yuav txaus los tsim ib daim qauv ntawm tus tsav.
Ua piv txwv, peb siv WinHex los clone lub disk.
Rice. 11 WinHex Menu Options rau Disk Cloning
Ntawm lub tab "Tools", xaiv "Disk Tools" kev xaiv; hauv lub qhov rai uas tshwm sim, xaiv "Clone Disk" lossis tsuas yog nias Ctrl + D.
Rice. 12 cloning kev xaiv chaw
Xaiv lub disk uas yuav tsum tau cloned ua qhov chaw.
Lub receiver tuaj yeem yog lub disk ntawm tib lub peev xwm los yog loj dua, thiab cloning rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv duab kuj ua tau.
Xyuas kom tseeb tias muaj qhov chaw dawb txaus rau ntawm qhov chaw tsav tsheb.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntawv luam, nws raug nquahu kom qhib qhov "hla tsis xws luag, sectors" kev xaiv.
Yog hais tias koj tsav muaj ib tug sector nrog lub cev sector loj ntawm 4096 bytes, tab sis yog txhais rau lub OS nrog ib tug virtual sector loj ntawm 512 bytes, ces koj yuav tsum tau teem tus nqi rau 8 kom tsis txhob muaj kev sim nyeem cov teeb meem sector.
"Template rau hloov qhov tsis xws luag" - qhia ib lo lus yooj yim-rau-nrhiav los yog kab lus uas yuav sau cov sector nyob rau hauv daim ntawv luam nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub unread sectors los ntawm qhov chaw. Yav tom ntej nws yuav yooj yim mus nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv puas.
Thaum tsim ib daim ntawv luam, nco ntsoov xyuas cov txheej txheem txuas ntxiv mus. Yog hais tias lub suab txawv txawv tshwm sim, tus tsav tsis khov, lossis muaj tus lej siab dua pom dua li pom thaum kuaj thawj zaug, tam sim ntawd tso tseg cov txheej txheem thiab tua lub tsav kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo.
Cov cuab yeej kev tshaj lij cov ntaub ntawv rov qab, xws li DataExtractor, muaj peev xwm ntau dua rau kev hloov kho cov ntaub ntawv luam tawm, thiab tseem saib xyuas cov xwm txheej ntawm tus tsav, uas ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev rho tawm hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm tus kws tshaj lij.
Rice. 13 qhov chaw rau cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev ua haujlwm nyuaj rau kev nyeem cov teeb meem
Cov ntaub ntawv rov qab
6. Txoj kev rov qab los
Niaj hnub no, muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv rov qab tsis siv neeg cov kev pab cuam uas tsis tas yuav muaj kev paub tshwj xeeb los ntawm cov neeg siv thiab koom nrog tau txais cov ntaub ntawv hauv yuav luag ib nias. Tab sis nyob rau hauv ntau rooj plaub no txoj kev yuav tsis muab qhov zoo tshaj plaws tshwm sim los yog nws yuav poob nyob rau hauv lub loj ntawm cov khib nyiab xaiv.
Rau cov ntaub ntawv rov qab qhov kev pab cuam ua haujlwm zoo, nws yog qhov zoo dua los nqaim qhov chaw tshawb nrhiav ntau li ntau tau. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los qhia qhov chaw scanning thiab hom ntaub ntawv raug tshawb nrhiav. Qhov kev qhia meej no tuaj yeem muab pov tseg ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yav dhau los, thiab tseem txo qis qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev txhais lus tsis raug ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshawb pom metadata.
Rice. 14 Ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev teeb tsa R-studio los tshawb nrhiav metadata ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xav tau
Cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus metadata yog cov qauv uas piav qhia qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, lawv cov npe, tus cwj pwm, kev nkag mus rau cov cai, cov ntawv teev npe, thiab lwm yam.
Rice. 15 Piv txwv ntawm metadata. Fragment ntawm MFT cov ntaub ntawv (Master File Table hauv NTFS)
Tsis yog nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, tsis siv neeg rov qab cov kev pab cuam yog xam qhov pib taw tes nyob rau hauv relation mus rau lub nrhiav metadata, thiab kuj tsis tas li kom raug lim tawm cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm txawv cov ntaub ntawv systems, uas yog vim li cas ib tug erroneous xam qhov chaw rau tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv yog ua tau, hauv Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau yam khib nyiab txhais tau nce qhov kwv yees ntim ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, qee zaum ntau zaus ntau dua li lub peev xwm ntawm tus tsav nws tus kheej.
Cov pob kws tshaj lij muaj cov cuab yeej los tsim cov ntim virtual ntawm ntau lub tshuab ua haujlwm nrog cov ntawv teev tseg, nrog rau cov cuab yeej rau kev tshawb nrhiav metadata nrog lub peev xwm los lim tawm cov khoom tsis tsim nyog.
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog metadata tsis muaj lawm lossis tsis raug, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum siv txoj kev tshawb nrhiav cov kab lus tsis tu ncua tshwj xeeb rau qee hom ntaub ntawv.
Rice. 16 0xFF 0xD8 0xFF cov lus qhia ib txwm muaj rau JPG cov ntaub ntawv
Tsis siv neeg rov qab cov kev pab cuam uas tshawb nrhiav siv txoj kev no rau feem ntau muaj qhov tsis zoo hauv qab no: tsis muaj cov qauv sau npe thiab cov npe ntawm cov ntaub ntawv qub, cov qauv ntaub ntawv tsis raug tshuaj xyuas thiab kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pom tsis txaus tswj, thiab yog li ntawd muaj ib qho ntau cov ntaub ntawv khib nyiab uas tsis tuaj yeem siv rau Ntau hom ntaub ntawv tsis suav nrog qhov loj me.
Rice. 17 R-Studio teeb tsa rau kev tshawb nrhiav cov kab lus tsis tu ncua rau cov ntaub ntawv koj xav tau
7. Cov xwm txheej thiab cov kev pom zoo
Cov ntaub ntawv system kev noj nyiaj txiag
Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua tsis tiav ntawm PC Cheebtsam, kev ua haujlwm tsis raug ntawm OS, tam sim ntawd poob ntawm lub zog thaum sau ntawv rau lub disk, lossis hard drive ua haujlwm tsis zoo, cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus metadata yuav puas. Nrog ntau hom kev puas tsuaj, OS yuav tsis tuaj yeem tsim lub ntim nrog cov ntaub ntawv puas.
Rice. 18 Corrupt file system metadata (tsis paub RAW file system)
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, txoj kev tshawb rau cov ntaub ntawv system metadata nyob rau hauv ciam teb ntawm ib tug uas twb muaj lawm muab faib yog heev zoo. Nrog kev puas tsuaj me, koj tuaj yeem tau txais qhov tshwm sim ze li 100%. Qhov kev pom zoo no muaj feem xyuam rau feem ntau cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv.
Tau kawg, muaj cov xwm txheej thaum, raws li kev ua tsis tiav, ntau cov metadata ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tam sim no raug corrupted. Tom qab ntawd, yog tias qhov kev xaiv thawj zaug tsis ua haujlwm, koj yuav tsum siv cov lus qhia tsis tu ncua los tshawb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv koj xav tau.
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws tshaj lij yog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov nws ntsuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov metadata thiab yog tias lawv tsis raug rhuav tshem, tab sis nyob rau hauv daim ntawv distorted, ces phau ntawv kho yog ua tau nyob rau hauv ib tug hexadecimal editor.
Rho tawm cov ntaub ntawv lossis pab pawg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.
Kev rho tawm cov ntaub ntawv yuam kev yog ib qho tshwm sim ntau. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov kev txiav txim siab no yog nyob ntawm hom ntaub ntawv kaw lus, thiab tseem nyob hauv cov disks tshiab ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm lub firmware ntawm lub cuab yeej nws tus kheej.
Yog tias cov ntaub ntawv raug tshem tawm ntawm kev faib nrog NTFS cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus, tom qab ntawd txoj kev tshawb nrhiav zoo tshaj plaws yuav nthuav tawm kev tsom xam hauv ntau yam khoom siv, uas ceev nrooj scans cov qauv tseem ceeb (MFT, Index, Logfile) yam tsis muaj scan tag nrho ntawm qhov muab faib. Yog tias cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog thiab qhov chaw nyob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no tsis sau los ntawm lwm cov ntaub ntawv, ces koj tuaj yeem tau txais cov ntaub ntawv txaus siab.
Rice. 19 tom qab luam theej duab $ MFT, cov ntaub ntawv uas raug txiav txim siab muab tshem tawm yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv ntshav
Yog hais tias thaum lub sij hawm ib tug ceev scan cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog tsis pom los yog puas, ces koj muaj peev xwm ua ib tug tag nrho scan ntawm muab faib, tab sis feem ntau yuav tshwm sim yuav tsis hloov loj thiab yuav tsis muaj dab tsi ntxiv tsuas yog nrhiav rau cov kab lus tsis tu ncua.
Tus kws tshaj lij tau nkag mus rau lub cuab yeej los tsim ib daim ntawv qhia ntawm qhov chaw tsis muaj neeg nyob thiab kev tshuaj xyuas ntxiv tshwj xeeb hauv cov cheeb tsam no, uas tshem tawm cov ntaub ntawv uas twb muaj lawm los ntawm cov txiaj ntsig rov qab. Qhov no txuag tau ntau tus neeg siv lub sijhawm thaum tshawb nrhiav ntxiv rau cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog hauv ntau yam ntaub ntawv tsis muaj npe.
Yog tias cov ntaub ntawv raug tshem tawm ntawm qhov muab faib nrog FAT16, FAT32 cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus, koj tuaj yeem siv metadata tsom xam thiab tau txais qee cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov npe qub. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm SFN, thawj tus cim hauv cov ntaub ntawv npe yuav ploj mus, tab sis yog tias cov ntaub ntawv muaj lub npe ntev, ces nws lub npe tag nrho yuav nyob hauv LFN cov ntaub ntawv. Yog tias cov ntaub ntawv fragmented raug tshem tawm, cov ntaub ntawv rov qab siv cov kev pabcuam rov qab tsis siv neeg yuav tsis ua tiav, txij li thaum tshem tawm, ib qho kev nkag ntawm cov saw ntawm pawg uas yog cov ntaub ntawv raug tshem tawm hauv FAT rooj. Tsis tas li ntawd hauv FAT32, qee zaum, ntxiv rau kev rho tawm cov ntaub ntawv qhov chaw nyob hauv ob daim ntawv theej ntawm lub rooj, thawj tus cim SFN thiab qhov siab tshaj ob bytes ntawm tus lej ntawm thawj pawg nyob hauv cov ntaub ntawv raug tshem tawm hauv phau ntawv qhia. Feem ntau cov khoom siv rov qab tsis siv neeg uas txheeb xyuas cov metadata yuav tsis txiav txim siab qhov tseeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.
Restoring fragmented cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau yog ib txoj hauj lwm nyuaj, uas yog tsis zoo heev automated. Cov txheej txheem automation tuaj yeem tsim kho rau ib hom qauv tshwj xeeb. Feem ntau, txoj hauj lwm los mus rau phau ntawv qhia, tsis tshua muaj kev txheeb xyuas kom pom cov seem tsim nyog. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo li no tuaj yeem ntsuas hauv kab lus
Yog tias cov txheej txheem kev txheeb xyuas metadata tsis ua rau nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog lossis cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog tsis tuaj yeem qhib, ces cov lus qhia kev tshawb fawb tsis tu ncua tseem nyob. Tej zaum qee cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem pom.
Yog tias cov ntaub ntawv raug tshem tawm ntawm qhov kev faib nrog HFS +, Ext 2, Ext3, Ext4 cov ntaub ntawv, ces, hmoov tsis, nws tsis muaj txiaj ntsig los txheeb xyuas cov metadata. Tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi ntxiv uas yuav ua tau tsuas yog tshawb nrhiav cov kab lus tsis tu ncua.
Rho tawm cov ntaub ntawv muab faib
Yog tias ib lossis ntau qhov kev faib tawm raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev ua yuam kev hauv Disk Management, tom qab ntawd tus neeg siv uas xav rov qab cov ntaub ntawv yuav raug qhia kom khiav cov khoom siv rov qab tsis siv neeg nrog kev luam theej duab tag nrho ntawm txhua lub cuab yeej. Nws tseem pom zoo kom coj mus rau hauv tus account txoj haujlwm ntawm cov ntu uas twb muaj lawm txhawm rau tshem tawm cov kev xaiv tsis raug hauv qhov pom.
Rice. 20 deleted seem
Ib tus kws tshaj lij tuaj yeem ua haujlwm zoo li no tau nrawm los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav cov haujlwm khau raj thiab cov superblocks hauv qhov chaw xav tau. Raws li qhov pom, qhov tseeb txoj haujlwm ntawm qhov pib ntawm ntu thiab lawv qhov ntev yog xam.
Koj tuaj yeem sim siv DMDE lossis cov khoom siv zoo sib xws, uas tuaj yeem pom sai sai pom cov cim ntawm qhov pib ntawm kev faib tawm, thiab sim ua kom pom cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov kev faib pom.
Rice. 21 cov txiaj ntsig rau kev tshawb nrhiav sai sai siv DMDE
Cov ntaub ntawv muab faib tau formatted.
Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, qhov kev pom zoo ntawm kev txiav txim siab nyob ntawm seb hom ntaub ntawv uas nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ua ntej muab faib formatted, thiab dab tsi cov ntaub ntawv system tau siv tom qab formatting.
Piv txwv li, yog tias FAT32 muab faib nrog 8kb pawg tau tsim rau hauv FAT 32 nrog 64kb pawg, ces qhov loj ntawm cov rooj FAT tshiab tau dhau los ua 8 npaug me dua thiab, yog li ntawd, ob daim ntawv luam ntawm cov ntxhuav tshiab tsuas yog thawj daim ntawv theej ntawm cov ntawv. qub FAT rooj. Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, kev tshawb nrhiav metadata tuaj yeem ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig ze li 100%. Yog hais tias qhov muab faib tau formatted nyob rau hauv FAT32 nrog ib tug me me los yog sib npaug pawg loj dua li nws ua ntej formatting, ces cov tshiab huv cov ntxhuav yuav tag overwrite cov qub sawv daws yuav thiab ib feem cuam tshuam rau cheeb tsam nrog cov neeg siv cov ntaub ntawv. Hauv qhov no, kev tshawb nrhiav cov metadata yuav muab cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo.
Yog tias qhov muab faib siv FAT32 cov ntaub ntawv ua ntej formatting, thiab muab faib tau formatted hauv NTFS, ces cov qauv tshiab ($ MFT, $Bitmap, $Logfile), raws li txoj cai, tsis nyob rau ntawm qhov pib ntawm qhov muab faib, thiab muaj. yog qhov muaj feem ntau ntawm kev tau txais feem ntau siv cov txheej txheem tshawb nrhiav metadata.cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov qauv sau npe ib txwm thiab kev puas tsuaj tsawg kawg rau cov ntaub ntawv nws tus kheej.
Tseem yuav muaj tus nqi rov qab siab thaum muab faib nrog NTFS cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus yog formatted hauv FAT32. Hauv qhov no, FAT cov lus yuav ua rau cov ntaub ntawv tsis raug thaum pib ntawm kev faib tawm thiab, raws li txoj cai, yuav tsis cuam tshuam rau NTFS cov qauv tseem ceeb. Qhov tshwm sim tsis txaus siab yuav yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv me me, qhov loj ntawm qhov sib piv rau qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm ob daim ntawv ntawm FAT cov lus.
Tab sis yog hais tias tus neeg siv tsis xav delve rau hauv lub nuances ntawm qhov chaw ntawm metadata ntawm ntau cov ntaub ntawv systems, ces cov kauj ruam logical yuav tsum khiav cov ntaub ntawv tsis siv neeg rov qab siv nyob rau hauv metadata nrhiav hom. Thiab yog tias tau txais cov ntaub ntawv tsis txaus, siv txoj kev tshawb nrhiav cov lus qhia tsis tu ncua.
Cov ntaub ntawv muab faib tau raug formatted thiab ib nrab overwritten nrog rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv.
Raws li feem ntau tshwm sim, tus neeg siv tuaj yeem tsim ib qho kev faib tawm thiab pib sau nws nrog lwm cov ntaub ntawv, thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd paub tias qhov kev faib qub qub muaj cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no tsis tuaj yeem muaj kev pom zoo meej. Txhua yam nyob ntawm ntau npaum li cas (ntau npaum li cas thiab ntim) cov ntaub ntawv tshiab tau raug kaw, nrog rau qhov chaw cov ntaub ntawv no nyob. Nyob ntawm cov xwm txheej, qhov tshwm sim tuaj yeem nyob ntawm 0 txog ze rau 100%. Nyob rau hauv absentia nws yog unpredictable.
Feem ntau nrog cov ntaub ntawv loj hauv cheeb tsam sib tshooj, nws ua rau kev nkag siab los pib nrog cov lus qhia niaj hnub tshawb nrhiav cov hom ntaub ntawv xav tau kom pom tias tseem muaj pov thawj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xav tau, thiab yog tias pom, tshawb nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv metadata.
Hauv chav kuaj cov ntaub ntawv rov qab, tus kws tshaj lij yuav tsim ib daim ntawv qhia ntawm qhov chaw uas tsis tau muab faib thiab ua qhov kev tshawb fawb tsis tu ncua hauv cov cheeb tsam no kom tsis suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv uas twb muaj lawm hauv kev tshawb fawb. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev siv cov cuab yeej saib xyuas kev ncaj ncees yuav txo tau tus lej ntawm kev lees paub cuav. Thiab hauv qee qhov haujlwm, zoo li rov qab cov ntaub ntawv jpg (piv txwv li, ib tus neeg lub tsev yees duab album), nws yuav tuaj yeem txheeb raws li cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob hauv Exif cim npe ntawm cov ntaub ntawv jpeg, uas yuav tso cai rau koj kom tau txais cov txiaj ntsig tau txiav txim raws sijhawm. thiab txheeb los ntawm lub koob yees duab qauv.
Rice. 22 cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv JPG pom los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav cov lus qhia tsis tu ncua
Crash thaum resizing, txav, los yog muab faib.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov txawv txav ntawm disk manager cov txheej txheem rau resizing ib tug muab faib, txav nws, los yog merging ob peb partitions, nws yog tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias cov kauj ruam twg yog ua thiab nyob rau theem twg lub lag luam raug tso tseg nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tau txais qhov zoo tshaj plaws tau tshwm sim.
Xav txog qhov nyuaj thiab muaj pes tsawg qhov kev hloov pauv tau, peb yuav txiav txim siab tsuas yog ib qho kev xaiv thoob ntiaj teb rau tus neeg siv uas xav tau qhov txiaj ntsig nrog tsawg kawg ntawm kev ua. Tag nrho cov tsav yuav tsum raug xaiv los ua cov khoom rau kev tshuaj xyuas kom ntseeg tau tias txhua qhov chaw cov ntaub ntawv raug them. Siv cov txheej txheem tshawb nrhiav metadata thiab luam tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv thoob plaws cov ntaub ntawv pom. Muaj qhov tshwm sim siab uas cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv yuav raug rau txhua qhov kev xaiv. Kev tshawb nrhiav cov kab lus tsis tu ncua rau cov hom ntaub ntawv kuj tseem ceeb, txij li thaum cov ntaub ntawv poob, ib feem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv poob ntawm cov npe thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem ua tau.
8. Tshawb xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rov qab
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias cov zaub ntawm cov npe cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv ib qho kev pab cuam rov qab cov ntaub ntawv los yog tus naj npawb ntawm cov kab lus pom tsis tau lees tias txhua yam pom yuav siv tau. Yog li ntawd, ib qho tseem ceeb sib npaug cov kauj ruam tom qab cov ntaub ntawv rov qab los ntawm qhov kev pab cuam rov qab tsis siv neeg yog tshuaj xyuas qhov ncaj ncees ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nws tus kheej.
Hmoov tsis zoo, tsis muaj universal dawb lub cuab yeej rau kev kuaj xyuas kev ncaj ncees ntawm ntau cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv. Tab sis tus kheej, koj tuaj yeem nrhiav software dawb uas tuaj yeem saib xyuas cov ntaub ntawv ib leeg. Piv txwv li, ntau cov archivers yuav tso cai rau koj los kuaj xyuas kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, MP3Diag qhov hluav taws xob tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov kev pabcuam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv mp3, ImageMagick tuaj yeem siv los kuaj cov ntaub ntawv jpg.
Lub ntsiab drawback ntawm ntau cov ntaub ntawv dawb kev ncaj ncees kuaj xyuas cov khoom siv yog tias lawv tsis lav tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv txheeb xyuas. Thiab qhov ua yuam kev loj tuaj yeem ua tau.
Rau ntau hom ntaub ntawv, tus neeg siv tsis muaj kev xaiv tab sis pom kev ntsuas qhov ncaj ncees ntawm cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev qhib cov ntaub ntawv ib los ntawm ib qho hauv cov ntawv thov tsim nyog.
Cov pob kws tshaj lij muaj cov txheej txheem uas tso cai rau koj los tswj qee qhov kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, uas tshem tawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rov qab los ntawm ntau cov ntaub ntawv tsis txaus ntseeg.
Ntxiv nrog rau kev lim tawm cov khib nyiab, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ntes cov ntaub ntawv puas los ntawm qhov tsis xws luag. Yog tias koj tau tsim cov ntawv luam ntawm cov sector-los-sector nrog cov qauv ntawm cov ntawv tsis tau nyeem, ces qhov teeb meem ntawm kev nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv puas tuaj yeem daws tau yooj yim los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv rau cov kab ntawv "BAD! BAD! BAD! BAD!" (hauv peb qhov piv txwv, qhov "BAD!" qhov chaw tau siv). Thaum pom, koj yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas qhov kev puas tsuaj, vim qee cov ntaub ntawv tawm tswv yim yuav tsis raug kev txom nyem ntau los ntawm qhov poob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv me me, thaum lwm tus yuav siv tsis tau kiag li.
9. Cov neeg siv yuam kev ntau zaus.
Ntau qhov kev sim "kho" qhov tsis xws luag siv cov cuab yeej kuaj mob nrov hauv kev cia siab tias qhov no yuav rov qab nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv yog ib qho yuam kev ntawm ntau tus neeg siv. Kev sim zais qhov tsis xws luag ntawm lub tsav nrog cov khoom puas polymer ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov platters feem ntau xaus rau hauv kev sau cov platters es tsis nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv. Vim li no, tsis paub txog qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov tsis xws luag, nws tau pom zoo kom tsis txhob ua ib qho kev pabcuam hauv disk ua ntej tau txais cov ntaub ntawv. Tom qab ua tiav cov ntaub ntawv rov qab, koj tuaj yeem sim ua haujlwm rau lub tsav, thiab yog tias koj muaj hmoo, ces tej zaum tus tsav yuav tseem tsim nyog rau kev siv ntxiv hauv cov haujlwm tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb.
Feem ntau cov teeb meem tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv system metadata. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, OS khov rau lub sijhawm ntev thaum sim mount lub ntim puas. Yog tias muaj teeb meem tsav txuas nrog, OS lub sijhawm khau raj tuaj yeem kav ntev li kaum feeb. Ib lub tswv yim phem tshaj los daws qhov teeb meem no yog los format qhov teeb meem muab faib. Cov metadata uas tau tsim tshiab tuaj yeem sau tau raug, thiab qhov teeb meem ntawm kev thauj khoom OS ntev yuav raug daws, tab sis txoj haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rov qab yuav nyuaj dua, thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov txiaj ntsig rov qab yuav cuam tshuam zoo heev.
Luam cov ntaub ntawv kuaj pom los ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob rau tib qhov muab faib los ntawm qhov lawv tab tom sim rov qab cov ntaub ntawv. Hauv qhov no, nws feem ntau xaus nrog tus neeg siv tau txais cov khib nyiab es tsis txhob siv cov ntaub ntawv, thiab qhov kev sim tom ntej los kho cov ntaub ntawv yuav muaj qhov tshwm sim ntau dua. Yog tias koj ua raws li cov lus qhia hauv kab lus no, koj yuav raug pov hwm tiv thaiv qhov yuam kev.
Qhov kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rov qab tsis raug kuaj xyuas thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm tus thawj tsav nrog rau nws daim ntawv raug puas tsuaj. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm yuav tsum tau sab laug nrog ib pawg ntawm folders uas muaj qhov yuam kev tshwm sim ntawm ib tug cov ntaub ntawv rov qab sim yam tsis muaj peev xwm tau txais ib tug high-zoo tshwm sim.
Kev xaiv tsis raug ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rov qab cov cuab yeej thiab cov tswv yim, ua rau qhov tshwm sim uas yog qhov phem tshaj qhov nws tuaj yeem ua tau.
Kuv vam tias cov txheej txheem ntsuas no yuav pab koj txiav txim siab seb qhov xwm txheej nrog koj lub tsav puas tso cai rau koj sim cov ntaub ntawv rov qab los ntawm koj tus kheej thiab seb koj puas npaj txhij los ua cov txheej txheem yooj yim uas tau teev tseg hauv kab lus no.
Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com
