Cov kws tshawb fawb Polish tau tshaj tawm txoj hauv kev tshiab ntawm kev sib koom tes network raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev siv dav siv TCP thauj txheej raws tu qauv. Cov kws sau ntawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntseeg tias lawv lub tswv yim, piv txwv li, tuaj yeem siv los xa cov lus zais hauv cov tebchaws uas muaj kev ywj pheej uas qhia txog kev txwv nruj hauv Is Taws Nem. Cia peb sim xyuas seb qhov twg, qhov tseeb, qhov kev tsim kho tshiab muaj thiab yuav pab tau nws tiag tiag.
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, koj yuav tsum txheeb xyuas seb steganography yog dab tsi. Yog li, steganography yog kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov lus zais. Ntawd yog, siv nws txoj hauv kev, cov tog neeg tab tom sim zais qhov tseeb ntawm kev hloov. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov kev tshawb fawb no thiab cryptography, uas sim ua ua kom cov ntsiab lus nyeem tsis tau. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias lub zej zog kev txawj ntse ntawm cryptographers yog heev contemptuous ntawm steganography vim qhov ze ntawm nws lub tswv yim rau lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm "Security los ntawm obscurity" (Kuv tsis paub yuav ua li cas nws suab zoo nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab, ib yam dab tsi zoo li "Security los ntawm ignorance. β). Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus no, piv txwv li, yog siv los ntawm Skype Inc. - qhov chaws ntawm tus neeg hu xov tooj nrov tau raug kaw thiab tsis muaj leej twg paub tseeb tias cov ntaub ntawv encrypted li cas. Tsis ntev los no, los ntawm txoj kev, NSA yws txog qhov no, txog qhov uas tus kws tshaj lij paub zoo Bruce Schneier hauv kuv qhov blog.
Rov qab mus rau steganography, cia peb teb cov lus nug vim li cas nws thiaj xav tau txhua, yog tias muaj cryptography. Tseeb tiag, nws muaj peev xwm encrypt ib cov lus uas siv qee cov algorithm niaj hnub no, thiab thaum siv tus yuam sij ntev txaus, tsis muaj leej twg yuav tuaj yeem nyeem cov lus no tshwj tsis yog tias koj xav tau. Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum nws yog qhov tseem ceeb dua los zais qhov tseeb ntawm kev sib kis tsis pub lwm tus paub. Piv txwv li, yog tias cov tub ceev xwm cuam tshuam cuam tshuam koj cov lus encrypted, lawv tsis tuaj yeem decrypt nws, tab sis lawv xav tau tiag tiag, ces thaum kawg muaj cov txheej txheem tsis siv computer los cuam tshuam thiab rho tawm cov ntaub ntawv. Nws suab anti-utopian, tab sis, koj pom, qhov no yog qhov ua tau. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav zoo dua kom paub tseeb tias cov neeg uas tsis tas yuav tsum paub txhua qhov kev hloov pauv tau tshwm sim. Cov kws tshawb fawb Polish nyuam qhuav tawm tswv yim zoo li no. Ntxiv mus, lawv muab ua qhov no siv cov txheej txheem uas txhua tus neeg siv Internet siv ib txhiab zaus hauv ib hnub.
Ntawm no peb tuaj ze rau Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). Piav tag nrho nws cov ntsiab lus, ntawm chav kawm, tsis muaj kev nkag siab - ntev, tho txawv, cov neeg xav tau nws twb paub lawm. Hauv luv luv, peb tuaj yeem hais tias TCP yog cov txheej txheem thauj txheej txheem (piv txwv li, nws ua haujlwm "saum toj" IP thiab "hauv" daim ntawv thov txheej txheej txheem, xws li HTTP, FTP lossis SMTP), uas muab cov ntaub ntawv xa tuaj tau zoo ntawm tus xa mus rau. tus txais. Kev xa khoom ntseeg tau txhais tau hais tias yog ib pob ntawv ploj lossis hloov pauv, ces TCP saib xyuas kev xa mus rau pob ntawv. Nco ntsoov tias kev hloov pauv hauv pob ntawm no tsis txhais hais tias txhob txwm ua yuam kev ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, tab sis kev sib kis tsis raug uas tshwm sim ntawm lub cev. Piv txwv li, thaum lub pob ntawv tab tom taug kev hla cov xov tooj tooj liab, ob peb cov khoom hloov pauv lawv cov txiaj ntsig mus rau qhov tsis sib xws lossis tau ploj tag nrho ntawm cov suab nrov (los ntawm txoj kev, rau Ethernet, Qhov Ntsuas Qhov Teeb Meem feem ntau yog kwv yees li 10-8. ). Pob ntawv poob hauv kev thauj mus los kuj yog ib qho tshwm sim tshwm sim hauv Is Taws Nem. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim, piv txwv li, vim muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov routers, uas ua rau tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab, vim li ntawd, qhov kev tsis lees paub ntawm txhua pob ntawv tuaj txog tshiab. Feem ntau, qhov feem pua ββββntawm cov pob ntawv poob yog li 0.1%, thiab ntawm tus nqi ntawm ob peb feem pua, TCP tsis ua haujlwm ib txwm ua - txhua yam yuav qeeb heev rau tus neeg siv.
Yog li, peb pom tias kev xa mus (retransmission) ntawm cov pob ntawv yog qhov tshwm sim ntau zaus thiab feem ntau tsim nyog rau TCP. Yog li vim li cas ho tsis siv nws rau cov kev xav tau ntawm steganography, txawm tias qhov tseeb tias TCP, raws li tau hais tseg saum toj no, siv txhua qhov chaw (raws li kev kwv yees ntau yam, niaj hnub no qhov sib koom ntawm TCP hauv Is Taws Nem nce mus txog 80-95%). Lub ntsiab lus ntawm txoj kev npaj yog xa hauv cov lus xa mus tsis yog dab tsi hauv cov pob ntawv thawj, tab sis cov ntaub ntawv uas peb tab tom sim zais. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tsis yooj yim los kuaj pom qhov hloov pauv no. Tom qab tag nrho, koj yuav tsum paub qhov twg los saib - tus naj npawb ntawm TCP kev sib txuas ib txhij dhau los ntawm tus kws kho mob tsuas yog loj heev. Yog tias koj paub qhov kwv yees theem ntawm kev xa rov qab hauv lub network, tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem kho qhov steganographic forwarding mechanism kom koj qhov kev sib txuas yuav tsis txawv ntawm lwm tus.
Tau kawg, txoj kev no tsis pub dawb los ntawm qhov tsis zoo. Piv txwv li, los ntawm cov tswv yim pom zoo, nws yuav tsis yooj yim rau kev siv nws - nws yuav xav tau kev hloov pauv hauv pawg network hauv kev ua haujlwm, txawm hais tias tsis muaj dab tsi txwv tsis pub muaj teeb meem hauv qhov no. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias koj muaj peev xwm txaus, koj tseem tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov pob ntawv "tsis pub twg paub", rau qhov no koj yuav tsum tau saib thiab txheeb xyuas txhua pob ntawv hauv lub network. Tab sis raws li txoj cai, qhov no yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua, yog li lawv feem ntau nrhiav ib yam dab tsi uas sawv tawm rau cov pob ntawv thiab kev sib txuas, thiab cov txheej txheem npaj tsuas yog ua rau koj qhov kev sib txuas tsis zoo. Thiab tsis muaj leej twg thab koj rau encrypt cov ntaub ntawv zais cia nyob rau hauv rooj plaub. Hauv qhov no, qhov kev sib txuas nws tus kheej tuaj yeem nyob twj ywm unencrypted kom aroused tsawg suspecies.
Cov kws sau ntawv ua haujlwm (los ntawm txoj kev, rau cov neeg nyiam, Nws) qhia nyob rau theem simulation tias txoj kev npaj ua haujlwm raws li qhov xav tau. Tej zaum yav tom ntej ib tug neeg yuav koom nrog kev siv lawv cov tswv yim hauv kev xyaum. Thiab tom qab ntawd, cia siab tias, yuav muaj tsawg dua censorship hauv Internet.
Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com