Niaj hnub no peb yuav tham txog kev rov qab router thiab hloov cov passwords, hloov kho, rov nruab thiab kho dua IOS, thiab Cisco daim ntawv tso cai rau IOSv15 operating system. Cov no yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb heev txog kev tswj hwm lub cuab yeej network.
Kuv yuav rov qab tau kuv tus password li cas? Koj tuaj yeem nug yog vim li cas qhov no yuav xav tau. Cia peb hais tias koj teeb tsa lub cuab yeej thiab teeb tsa tag nrho cov passwords tsim nyog: rau VTY, rau console, rau hom muaj cai, rau Telnet thiab SSH kev sib txuas, thiab tom qab ntawd koj tsis nco qab cov passwords no. Nws muaj peev xwm hais tias lub tuam txhab cov neeg ua haujlwm uas tau teeb tsa lawv tawm thiab tsis muab cov ntaub ntawv rau koj, lossis koj yuav lub router ntawm eBay thiab tsis paub cov passwords uas tus tswv yav dhau los tau teeb tsa, yog li koj tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau lub cuab yeej.
Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, koj yuav tsum siv cov txuj ci nyiag nkas. Koj hack rau hauv Cisco ntaus ntawv thiab rov pib dua passwords, tab sis qhov ntawd tsis yog qhov tseeb yog tias koj muaj lub cuab yeej. Qhov no yuav tsum muaj peb yam: Kev Sib Nqus Sib Nqus, kev sau npe teeb tsa, thiab lub kaw lus rov pib dua.
Koj siv qhov hloov pauv, tua lub hwj chim rau lub router thiab tig nws tam sim ntawd kom lub router pib reboot; cov "cisco drivers" hu lo lus no "bouncing". Thaum lub sij hawm ntawm unpacking IOS duab, koj yuav tsum tau siv lub khau raj cuam tshuam, uas yog, txuas mus rau lub cuab yeej ntawm lub console chaw nres nkoj thiab khiav Break Sequence. Kev sib xyaw ua ke tseem ceeb uas tso tawm Kev Sib Tw Sib Tw yog nyob ntawm qhov kev pabcuam davhlau ya nyob twg koj siv, uas yog, rau Hyperterminal, cuam tshuam kev rub tawm yog ua los ntawm ib qho kev sib txuas, rau SequreSRT - los ntawm lwm tus. Hauv qab video no kuv muab ib qhov txuas , qhov twg koj tuaj yeem paub koj tus kheej nrog tag nrho cov keyboard shortcuts rau txawv davhlau ya nyob twg emulators, sib txawv compatibility thiab txawv operating systems.
Thaum siv khau raj cuam tshuam, lub router yuav pib hauv ROMmon hom. ROMmon zoo ib yam li lub khoos phis tawj BIOS; nws yog lub hauv paus OS uas tso cai rau koj los ua cov lus txib yooj yim. Hauv hom no, koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntawv teev npe teeb tsa. Raws li koj paub, thaum lub sijhawm khau raj lub kaw lus tshawb xyuas qhov muaj qhov chaw khau raj, thiab yog tias lawv tsis nyob ntawd, nws khau raj nrog lub neej ntawd teeb tsa.
Nquag, tus nqi ntawm lub router configuration register yog 0x2102, uas txhais tau tias pib lub khau raj configuration. Yog tias koj hloov tus nqi no mus rau 0x2142, tom qab ntawd thaum lub sij hawm tawg Sequence lub khau raj teeb tsa yuav raug tsis quav ntsej, vim tias lub kaw lus yuav tsis xyuam xim rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tsis-volatile NVRAM, thiab lub neej ntawd configuration yuav loaded, sib xws rau cov chaw ntawm lub router tawm ntawm lub thawv.
Yog li, txhawm rau khau raj nrog lub neej ntawd teeb tsa, koj yuav tsum hloov pauv tus nqi sau npe rau 0x2142, uas txhais tau hais tias lub cuab yeej: "thov tsis quav ntsej qhov kev teeb tsa khau raj ntawm txhua lub khau!" Txij li qhov kev teeb tsa no muaj tag nrho cov passwords, booting nrog lub neej ntawd teeb tsa ua rau koj nkag mus rau hom tsim nyog. Hauv hom no, koj tuaj yeem rov pib dua tus password, txuag kev hloov pauv, rov pib lub kaw lus thiab tau txais kev tswj hwm tag nrho ntawm lub cuab yeej.
Tam sim no kuv yuav tso Packet Tracer thiab qhia koj tias kuv nyuam qhuav tham txog dab tsi. Koj pom lub network topology suav nrog lub router uas koj yuav tsum rov pib dua passwords, hloov pauv thiab lub laptop. Hauv txhua qhov kev qhia hauv video, kuv nyem rau ntawm lub cim ntaus ntawv hauv Packet Tracer, mus rau CLI console tab thiab teeb tsa lub cuab yeej. Tam sim no kuv xav ua tej yam txawv thiab qhia seb qhov no ua li cas ntawm lub cuab yeej tiag.
Kuv yuav txuas lub serial chaw nres nkoj ntawm lub laptop RS-232 nrog lub console cable rau lub console chaw nres nkoj ntawm router; nyob rau hauv qhov kev pab cuam nws yog ib tug xiav cable. Kuv tsis tas yuav teeb tsa ib qho chaw nyob IP vim lawv tsis xav tau kev sib txuas lus nrog router lub console chaw nres nkoj.
Ntawm lub khoos phis tawj, kuv mus rau Terminal tab thiab tshawb xyuas qhov tsis muaj: baud tus nqi 9600 bps, cov ntaub ntawv khoom - 8, tsis muaj qhov sib luag, nres cov khoom - 1, ntws tswj - tsis muaj, thiab tom qab ntawd nyem OK, uas muab kuv nkag mus rau router. lub console. Yog tias koj sib piv cov ntaub ntawv hauv ob lub qhov rais - CLI ntawm R0 router thiab ntawm qhov screen ntawm Laptop0 laptop, nws yuav zoo ib yam.
Packet Tracer tso cai rau koj ua tej yam zoo sib xws, tab sis hauv kev xyaum peb yuav tsis siv CLI router console qhov rais, tab sis tsuas yog yuav ua haujlwm los ntawm lub computer davhlau ya nyob twg.
Yog li, peb muaj ib lub router uas peb yuav tsum rov pib dua tus password. Koj mus rau lub laptop davhlau ya nyob twg, tshawb xyuas cov chaw, mus rau lub router teeb tsa vaj huam sib luag thiab pom tias kev nkag tau raug thaiv nrog tus password! Yuav mus li cas?
Kuv mus rau lub router, mus rau tab uas nws pom tias yog lub cev lub cev, nyem rau ntawm lub hwj huam hloov thiab tig nws rov qab tam sim ntawd. Koj pom tias cov lus tshwm nyob rau hauv lub davhlau ya nyob twg qhov rais hais txog tus kheej rho tawm cov duab OS. Ntawm no koj yuav tsum siv Ctrl + C qhov tseem ceeb ua ke, qhov no yog siv los nkag rommon hom hauv Packet Tracer program. Yog tias koj nkag rau hauv ntawm Hyperterminal, ces koj yuav tsum nias Ctrl + Break.
Koj pom tias ib txoj kab nrog lub ntsiab lus rommon 1 tau tshwm sim ntawm qhov screen, thiab yog tias koj nkag mus rau lo lus nug cim, tom qab ntawd lub kaw lus yuav muab cov lus qhia txog cov lus txib dab tsi tuaj yeem siv hauv hom no.
Lub khau raj parameter pib cov txheej txheem khau raj sab hauv, confreg pib lub npe kev teeb tsa kev siv hluav taws xob, thiab qhov no yog cov lus txib uas peb xav tau. Kuv ntaus confreg 0x2142 hauv kab davhlau ya nyob twg. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias thaum koj rov pib dua, cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia hauv NVRAM flash nco yuav raug tsis quav ntsej thiab lub router yuav khau raj nrog lub neej ntawd teeb tsa raws li lub cuab yeej tshiab. Yog tias kuv ntaus ntawv hais kom ua confreg 0x2102, lub router yuav siv qhov kawg khaws cia khau raj tsis tau.
Tom ntej no, kuv siv lub reset hais kom ua reboot lub system. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, tom qab thauj khoom, tsis txhob hais kom kuv nkag mus rau tus password, zoo li lub sijhawm dhau los, lub kaw lus tsuas nug yog tias kuv npaj siab yuav txuas ntxiv kev sib tham. Tam sim no peb muaj ib lub router nrog qhov chaw pib, tsis muaj tus neeg siv teeb tsa.
Kuv ntaus tsis tau, ces nkag mus, thiab mus los ntawm hom neeg siv mus rau hom muaj cai. Txij li thaum kuv xav mus saib lub khau raj configuration, kuv siv cov qhia startup-config hais kom ua. Koj pom NwKing router hostname, txais tos banner thiab console password "console". Tam sim no kuv paub tus password no thiab tuaj yeem luam tawm kom tsis txhob hnov ββββqab, lossis kuv tuaj yeem hloov nws mus rau lwm tus.
Qhov kuv xav tau ua ntej yog txhawm rau thauj cov teeb tsa kev teeb tsa rau hauv router tam sim no teeb tsa. Ua li no kuv siv cov ntawv luam pib-config khiav-config hais kom ua. Tam sim no peb qhov kev teeb tsa tam sim no yog kev teeb tsa router yav dhau los. Koj tuaj yeem pom tias tom qab no lub npe ntawm router hauv kab hais kom hloov ntawm Router rau NwKingRouter. Siv cov lus qhia khiav, koj tuaj yeem saib qhov kev teeb tsa tam sim no ntawm lub cuab yeej, qhov twg koj tuaj yeem pom tias lo lus zais rau lub console yog lo lus "console", peb tsis tau siv tus password, qhov no yog qhov tseeb. Koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias kev rov qab tua tua cov cai tsim nyog thiab koj rov qab los rau hauv cov neeg siv cov lus txib kom sai.
Peb tseem tuaj yeem hloov pauv mus rau npe, thiab yog tias tus password tsis pub leej twg paub, uas yog, siv cov haujlwm zais cia, pom tseeb tias koj yuav tsis tuaj yeem decrypt nws, yog li koj tuaj yeem rov qab mus rau hom kev teeb tsa thoob ntiaj teb nrog config t thiab teeb tsa. tus password tshiab. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, kuv ntaus cov lus txib ua kom zais zais lossis kuv tuaj yeem siv lwm lo lus ua tus password. Yog tias koj ntaus ntawv ua haujlwm, koj yuav pom tias cov haujlwm zais cia tau qhib, lo lus zais tam sim no zoo li tsis zoo li lo lus "pab", tab sis zoo li ib txoj hlua ntawm cov cim encrypted, thiab koj tsis tas yuav txhawj txog kev ruaj ntseg vim koj tsuas yog teeb thiab encrypted tus password tshiab koj tus kheej.
Nov yog yuav ua li cas rov qab tau koj tus password router. Ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov yog tias koj nkag mus rau cov lus qhia version, koj yuav pom tias tus nqi sau npe yog 0x2142. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias txawm tias kuv siv cov ntawv theej rau kev pib ua haujlwm thiab rov pib lub router, lub kaw lus yuav thauj khoom lub neej ntawd nqis dua, uas yog, router yuav rov qab mus rau lub Hoobkas nqis. Peb tsis xav tau qhov no kiag li, vim tias peb tau pib dua tus password, tau txais kev tswj hwm ntawm lub cuab yeej thiab xav siv nws hauv ntau hom.
Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum nkag mus rau lub ntiaj teb configuration hom Router (config)# thiab nkag mus rau cov lus txib config-register 0x2102 thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd siv cov lus txib kom luam cov kev teeb tsa tam sim no mus rau khau raj luam pib. Koj tseem tuaj yeem luam cov chaw tam sim no rau kev teeb tsa khau raj siv cov lus txib sau. Yog tias koj tam sim no ntaus cov qauv qhia, koj yuav pom tias tus nqi ntawm cov ntawv teev npe teeb tsa tam sim no yog 0x2102, thiab lub kaw lus ceeb toom tias cov kev hloov pauv yuav siv sijhawm tom ntej koj rov pib lub router.
Yog li ntawd, peb pib reboot nrog reload hais kom ua, lub kaw lus reboots, thiab tam sim no peb muaj tag nrho cov configuration ntaub ntawv, tag nrho cov chaw thiab paub tag nrho cov passwords. Qhov no yog yuav ua li cas router passwords tau zoo lawm.
Cia peb saib yuav ua li cas ua tib yam txheej txheem rau kev hloov pauv. Lub router muaj qhov hloov pauv uas tso cai rau koj tig lub zog tawm thiab rov ua dua, tab sis Cisco hloov tsis muaj qhov hloov pauv no. Peb yuav tsum txuas mus rau lub console chaw nres nkoj nrog lub console cable, ces disconnect lub hwj chim cable los ntawm sab nraum qab ntawm tus tes hloov, tom qab 10-15 vib nas this ntxig rov qab thiab tam sim ntawd nias thiab tuav lub MODE khawm rau 3 vib nas this. Qhov no yuav cia li tso tus hloov mus rau ROMmon hom. Hauv hom no, koj yuav tsum pib ua cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus ntawm lub flash thiab hloov npe cov ntaub ntawv config.text, piv txwv li, rau config.text.old. Yog tias koj tsuas rho tawm nws, qhov hloov pauv yuav "tsis nco qab" tsis yog passwords nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj tag nrho cov teeb tsa yav dhau los. Tom qab ntawd koj reboot lub system.
Yuav ua li cas rau qhov hloov? Thaum reboot, nws nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv teeb tsa config.text. Yog tias nws tsis pom cov ntaub ntawv no hauv lub cuab yeej lub cim xeeb flash, nws khau raj IOS nrog rau qhov chaw pib. Qhov no yog qhov txawv: hauv lub router koj yuav tsum hloov qhov chaw sau npe, tab sis hauv kev hloov pauv koj tsuas yog xav tau hloov lub npe ntawm cov ntaub ntawv khau raj. Cia peb saib seb qhov no tshwm sim li cas hauv Packet Tracer program. Lub sijhawm no kuv txuas lub laptop nrog lub console cable rau lub console chaw nres nkoj ntawm qhov hloov.
Peb tsis siv CLI console ntawm qhov hloov pauv, tab sis simulate qhov xwm txheej uas qhov kev hloov pauv tsuas tuaj yeem nkag tau siv lub laptop. Kuv siv tib lub khoos phis tawj davhlau ya nyob twg raws li nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm lub router, thiab los ntawm nias "Enter" Kuv txuas mus rau lub console chaw nres nkoj ntawm qhov hloov.
Hauv Packet Tracer, Kuv tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm thiab tshem tawm lub hwj chim cable zoo li kuv tuaj yeem siv lub cev. Yog tias kuv muaj console lo lus zais, kuv tuaj yeem dhau qhov hloov pauv, yog li kuv nkag mus rau tus password qhib kev hais kom ua kom muab tus password nkag hauv zos rau lub console txoj cai hom.
Tam sim no yog tias kuv mus rau hauv qhov chaw, kuv pom tias lub kaw lus nug rau tus password uas kuv tsis paub. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los pib qhov system reboot. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, lub kaw lus tsis lees txais cov lus txib rov qab, uas yog los ntawm tus neeg siv lub cuab yeej hauv cov neeg siv hom, yog li kuv yuav tsum siv hom tshwj xeeb. Raws li kuv tau hais, nyob rau hauv lub neej tiag tiag kuv yuav tsuas unplug tus hloov lub hwj chim cable rau ob peb feeb kom reboot, tab sis vim qhov no tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv qhov kev pab cuam, kuv yuav tsum tshem tus password thiab reboot ncaj qha los ntawm no. Koj nkag siab tias vim li cas kuv thiaj ua qhov no, puas yog?
Yog li, kuv mus ntawm CLI tab mus rau lub cev ntaus ntawv tab, thiab thaum lub cuab yeej pib reboot, kuv tuav lub MODE virtual khawm rau 3 vib nas this thiab nkag mus rau ROMmon hom. Koj pom tias cov ntaub ntawv hauv CLI qhov rais ntawm qhov hloov pauv yog tib yam li nyob rau hauv lub qhov rais ntawm lub laptop screen. Kuv mus rau lub khoos phis tawj, nyob rau hauv lub qhov rais uas ROMmon hom ntawm qhov hloov pauv tau tshwm sim, thiab nkag mus rau flash_init hais kom ua. Cov lus txib no pib pib cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus ntawm lub flash, tom qab ntawd kuv muab cov lus txib dir_flash los saib cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub flash.
Muaj ob cov ntaub ntawv ntawm no - IOS operating system cov ntaub ntawv nrog .bin txuas ntxiv thiab cov ntaub ntawv config.text, uas peb yuav tsum hloov npe. Ua li no kuv siv cov lus txib rename flash: config.text flash: config.old. Yog tias koj tam sim no siv cov lus txib dir_flash, koj tuaj yeem pom tias cov ntaub ntawv config.text tau hloov npe rau config.old.
Tam sim no kuv nkag mus rau qhov kev hais kom rov pib dua, qhov hloov pauv reboots thiab tom qab lub kaw lus khau raj, nws mus rau qhov chaw pib. Qhov no yog pov thawj los ntawm kev hloov lub npe ntaus ntawv ntawm kab hais kom ua los ntawm NwKingSwitch kom hloov pauv yooj yim. Cov lus txib rename muaj nyob rau hauv lub cuab yeej tiag, tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem siv hauv Packet Tracer. Yog li ntawd, kuv siv qhia khiav conf, raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, qhov hloov pauv siv tag nrho cov teeb tsa lub neej ntawd, thiab nkag mus rau cov lus txib ntxiv flash: config.old. Nov yog lub hack: koj yuav tsum tsuas luam cov cuab yeej tam sim no teeb tsa ntawm lub vijtsam, mus rau hom kev teeb tsa thoob ntiaj teb thiab muab cov ntaub ntawv theej tawm. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, txhua qhov kev teeb tsa tau theej, thiab koj pom tias lub npe ntaus ntawv tau hloov pauv thiab qhov hloov pauv tau hloov mus ua haujlwm li qub.
Tam sim no txhua yam uas tseem tshuav yog luam qhov kev teeb tsa tam sim no mus rau khau raj configuration, uas yog, tsim cov ntaub ntawv tshiab config.text. Txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws yog tsuas yog hloov npe cov ntaub ntawv qub rov qab rau config.text, uas yog, luam cov ntsiab lus ntawm config.old rau hauv qhov kev teeb tsa tam sim no thiab tom qab ntawd txuag nws li config.text. Nov yog qhov koj yuav rov qab tau koj tus password hloov pauv.
Tam sim no peb yuav saib yuav ua li cas thaub qab thiab rov qab Cisco IOS operating system. Thaub qab yog luam cov duab IOS mus rau TFTP server. Tom ntej no, kuv yuav qhia koj yuav ua li cas hloov cov ntaub ntawv system duab los ntawm tus neeg rau zaub mov no rau koj lub cuab yeej. Lub ntsiab lus thib peb yog kev rov ua haujlwm hauv ROMmon hom. Qhov no yuav tsim nyog yog tias koj cov npoj yaig yuam kev deleted iOS thiab lub kaw lus nres booting.
Peb yuav saib yuav ua li cas kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus los ntawm TFTP server siv ROMmod hom. Muaj 2 txoj hauv kev los ua qhov no, ib qho ntawm lawv yog xmodem. Packet Tracer tsis txhawb xmodem, yog li kuv yuav piav qhia luv luv tias nws yog dab tsi thiab tom qab ntawd siv Packet Tracer los qhia tias siv txoj kev thib ob li cas - system rov qab los ntawm TFTP.
Daim duab qhia txog lub cuab yeej Router0, uas tau muab rau IP chaw nyob 10.1.1.1. Lub router no txuas nrog lub server nrog IP chaw nyob 10.1.1.10. Kuv tsis nco qab muab qhov chaw nyob rau lub router, yog li kuv yuav ua sai sai tam sim no. Peb lub router tsis txuas nrog lub laptop, yog li qhov kev zov me nyuam tsis muaj peev xwm siv CLI console, thiab kuv yuav tau kho qhov no.
Kuv txuas lub laptop rau lub router nrog lub console cable, lub kaw lus nug rau tus password console, thiab kuv siv lo lus console. Hauv hom kev teeb tsa thoob ntiaj teb, kuv muab f0/0 interface qhov xav tau IP chaw nyob thiab subnet daim npog qhov ncauj 255.255.255.0 thiab ntxiv cov lus txib tsis kaw.
Tom ntej no, kuv ntaus ntawv qhia flash hais kom ua thiab pom tias muaj 3 cov ntaub ntawv hauv lub cim xeeb. Cov ntaub ntawv naj npawb 3 yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, qhov no yog cov ntaub ntawv IOS ntawm lub router. Tam sim no kuv yuav tsum teeb tsa TFTP server, yog li kuv nyem rau ntawm Server0 ntaus cim thiab qhib SERVICES tab. Peb pom tias TFTP server tau qhib thiab nws muaj cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm ntau Cisco operating systems, suav nrog IOS rau peb c1841 router - qhov no yog cov ntaub ntawv thib peb hauv daim ntawv teev npe. Kuv yuav tsum tshem tawm ntawm lub server vim kuv yuav luam lwm cov ntaub ntawv IOS no los ntawm peb lub router, Router0. Ua li no, kuv taw qhia cov ntaub ntawv thiab nyem Tshem tawm cov ntaub ntawv, tom qab ntawd mus rau lub laptop console tab.
Los ntawm lub router console, kuv nkag mus rau qhov hais kom ua luam flash tftp <qhov chaw cov ntaub ntawv npe> <qhov chaw nyob / hostname>, tom qab ntawv luam thiab muab tshuaj txhuam cov ntaub ntawv npe ua haujlwm.
Tom ntej no hauv cov lus txib koj yuav tsum qhia qhov chaw nyob lossis lub npe ntawm cov chaw taws teeb tswj uas cov ntaub ntawv no yuav tsum tau theej. Ib yam li thaum txuag lub khau raj teeb tsa ntawm lub router, koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj ntawm no. Yog tias koj yuam kev luam tsis yog qhov kev teeb tsa tam sim no rau khau raj, tab sis, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, khau raj ib qho mus rau qhov tam sim no, tom qab rov pib dua lub cuab yeej koj yuav poob tag nrho cov chaw koj tau ua. Ib yam li ntawd, hauv qhov no, qhov chaw thiab qhov chaw yuav tsum tsis txhob totaub. Yog li, ua ntej peb qhia lub npe ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav tsum tau theej rau lub server, thiab tom qab ntawd tus IP chaw nyob ntawm tus neeg rau zaub mov 10.1.1.10.
Koj pom tias cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv tau pib, thiab yog tias koj saib ntawm daim ntawv teev cov ntaub ntawv TFTP, koj tuaj yeem pom tias tsis yog cov ntaub ntawv tshem tawm, cov ntaub ntawv IOS tshiab ntawm peb lub router tau tshwm sim ntawm no. Qhov no yog li cas IOS tau theej rau lub server.
Tam sim no peb rov qab mus rau lub router teeb tsa lub qhov rais ntawm lub laptop screen thiab nkag mus rau daim ntawv theej tftp flash hais kom ua, qhia qhov chaw nyob ntawm lub chaw nyob ntawm cov chaw taws teeb 10.1.1.10 thiab cov ntaub ntawv lub npe Source filename, uas yog, IOS uas yuav tsum tau theej rau hauv. router flash: c1841-ipbase-mz.123 -14.T7.bin. Tom ntej no, qhia qhov chaw cov ntaub ntawv npe, Destination filename, uas nyob rau hauv peb rooj plaub yuav raws nraim tib yam li lub npe. Tom qab ntawd, kuv nias "Enter" thiab cov ntaub ntawv IOS tshiab tau theej rau lub router lub cim xeeb flash. Koj pom tias tam sim no peb muaj ob lub operating system cov ntaub ntawv: tus tshiab ntawm tus lej 3 thiab tus qub qub ntawm tus lej 4.
Nyob rau hauv lub npe IOS, lub version yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau peb - ββnyob rau hauv thawj cov ntaub ntawv, tus xov tooj 3, nws yog 124, thiab nyob rau hauv lub thib ob, tus xov tooj 4, nws yog 123, uas yog, ib tug laus version. Tsis tas li ntawd, advipservicesk9 qhia tias qhov version ntawm qhov system no ua haujlwm ntau dua li ipbase, vim nws tso cai rau kev siv MPLS thiab lwm yam.
Lwm qhov xwm txheej yog tias koj tshem tawm lub flash los ntawm kev ua yuam kev - Kuv ntaus cov lus txib tshem tawm flash thiab qhia lub npe ntawm IOS cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm.
Tab sis ua ntej ntawd, kuv xav hais tias tam sim no los ntawm lub neej ntawd thaum khau raj, cov ntaub ntawv xov tooj 3 yuav raug siv, uas yog, c1841-advipservicesk9-mz.124-15.T1.bin. Cia peb hais tias vim li cas kuv thiaj xav tau cov ntaub ntawv xov tooj 4 rau lwm zaus kuv khau raj lub kaw lus - c1841-ipbase-mz.123-14.T7.bin. Ua li no, kuv mus rau hauv lub ntiaj teb configuration hom thiab ntaus lub khau raj system flash hais kom ua: Ρ1841-ipbase-mz.123-14.T7.bin.
Tam sim no, lwm zaus koj khau raj, cov ntaub ntawv no yuav raug siv los ua lub neej ntawd OS, txawm tias peb muaj ob lub operating system khaws cia hauv flash.
Cia peb rov qab mus rho tawm OS thiab ntaus cov lus txib tshem tawm flash: Ρ1841-ipbase-mz.123-14.T7.bin. Tom qab no, peb yuav rho tawm lub thib ob OS nrog lub rho tawm flash hais kom ua: Ρ1841- advipservicesk9-mz.124-15.T1.bin, kom lub router yuav poob ob lub operating systems.
Yog tias peb tam sim no ntaus qhia flash, peb tuaj yeem pom tias tam sim no peb tsis muaj OS txhua. Yuav ua li cas yog tias kuv muab cov lus txib kom reboot? Koj tuaj yeem pom tias tom qab nkag mus rau reload hais kom ua, lub cuab yeej tam sim ntawd mus rau hauv ROMmon hom. Raws li kuv tau hais, thaum booting lub cuab yeej saib rau OS cov ntaub ntawv thiab yog tias nws ploj lawm, nws mus rau lub hauv paus OS rommon.
Packet Tracer tsis muaj xmodem cov lus txib uas tuaj yeem siv rau ntawm lub cev tiag tiag. Nyob ntawd koj nkag mus rau xmodem thiab ntxiv cov kev xaiv tsim nyog hais txog booting OS. Yog tias koj siv SecureCRT davhlau ya nyob twg, koj tuaj yeem nyem rau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, xaiv qhov kev xaiv uas hloov mus, thiab xaiv xmodem. Thaum koj tau xaiv xmodem, koj xaiv cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm. Cia peb xav tias cov ntaub ntawv no nyob hauv koj lub laptop, tom qab ntawd koj ntaus xmodem, taw tes rau cov ntaub ntawv no thiab xa nws. Txawm li cas los xij xmodem yog heev, qeeb heev thiab cov txheej txheem hloov chaw nyob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv loj tuaj yeem siv sijhawm 1-2 teev.
TFTP server yog sai dua. Raws li kuv twb tau hais lawm, Packet Tracer tsis muaj xmodem cov lus txib, yog li peb yuav thauj tftp nrog tftpdnld cov lus txib, tom qab ntawd lub kaw lus yuav muab cov lus qhia txog yuav ua li cas rov qab cov duab system los ntawm TFTP server. Koj pom ntau yam tsis zoo uas koj yuav tsum tau qhia kom rub tawm OS cov ntaub ntawv. Vim li cas cov kev ntsuas no xav tau? Lawv yuav tsum tau siv vim nyob rau hauv rommon hom no router tsis muaj lub functionality ntawm ib tug tag nrho IOS ntaus ntawv. Yog li ntawd, peb yuav tsum xub manually qhia tus IP chaw nyob ntawm peb router siv qhov parameter IP_ADDRESS=10.1.1.1, ces lub subnet daim npog qhov ncauj IP_SUBNET_MASK=255.255.255.0, lub default gateway DEFAULT_GATEWAY=10.1.1.10, lub server TFTP_10.1.1.10. file TFTP_FILE= c1841- advipservicesk9-mz.124-15.T1.bin.
Tom qab kuv tau ua qhov no, kuv khiav cov lus txib tftpdnld, thiab lub kaw lus nug kom paub meej tias qhov kev txiav txim no, vim tias tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv uas twb muaj lawm hauv flash yuav ploj. Yog tias kuv teb "Yog," koj yuav pom tias cov xim ntawm router-server kev twb kev txuas cov chaw nres nkoj tau hloov mus rau ntsuab, uas yog, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev luam cov kev khiav hauj lwm los ntawm lub server tab tom ua.
Tom qab cov ntaub ntawv rub tawm tiav, kuv siv cov lus txib khau raj, uas tom qab ntawd pib unpacking lub kaw lus duab. Koj pom tias tom qab qhov no router nkag mus rau hauv lub xeev ua haujlwm, txij li lub operating system rov qab mus rau lub cuab yeej. Qhov no yog yuav ua li cas lub functionality ntawm ib tug ntaus ntawv uas ploj lawm nws operating system yog rov qab.
Tam sim no cia peb tham me ntsis txog Cisco IOS daim ntawv tso cai.
Ua ntej version 15, muaj cov ntawv tso cai dhau los, piv txwv li 12, tom qab ntawd version 15 tau tso tawm tam sim, tsis txhob nug qhov twg tus lej 13 thiab 14 mus. Yog li, thaum koj yuav Cisco ntaus ntawv, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm IOS IP. Base nws raug nqi, hais, 1000$. Qhov no yog tus nqi yam tsawg kawg nkaus rau kho vajtse nrog ib qho yooj yim configuration operating system ntsia.
Cia peb hais tias koj tus phooj ywg xav kom nws lub cuab yeej muaj kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm Advance IP Services, ces tus nqi yog, hais, 10 txhiab daus las. Kuv muab random tooj xwb los muab tswv yim rau koj. Thaum koj ob leeg muaj tib lub kho vajtse, qhov sib txawv tsuas yog cov software nruab. Tsis muaj dab tsi tuaj yeem txwv koj los ntawm kev nug ib tus phooj ywg rau daim ntawv theej ntawm nws software, txhim kho nws ntawm koj lub hardware, thiab yog li txuag $ 9. Txawm hais tias koj tsis muaj tus phooj ywg zoo li no, nrog kev txhim kho niaj hnub hauv Is Taws Nem, koj tuaj yeem rub tawm thiab nruab ib daim ntawv theej ntawm software. Nws tsis raug cai thiab kuv tsis xav kom koj ua, tab sis tib neeg ua nws ntau. Tias yog vim li cas Cisco txiav txim siab los siv cov txheej txheem uas tiv thaiv kev dag ntxias thiab tsim ib qho version ntawm IOS 15 uas suav nrog kev tso cai.
Nyob rau hauv yav dhau los versions ntawm iOS no, piv txwv li, 12.4, lub npe ntawm lub system nws tus kheej qhia nws functionality, yog li los ntawm kev mus rau hauv lub ntaus ntawv nqis, koj yuav txiav txim tau lawv los ntawm lub npe ntawm cov ntaub ntawv OS. Qhov tseeb, muaj ntau lub tshuab ua haujlwm ntawm tib lub version, ib yam li muaj Windows Home, Windows Professional, Windows Enterprise, thiab lwm yam.
Hauv version 15, tsuas muaj ib qho kev ua haujlwm thoob ntiaj teb - Cisco IOSv15, uas muaj ntau qib ntawv tso cai. Cov duab kaw lus muaj tag nrho cov haujlwm, tab sis lawv raug kaw thiab muab faib rau hauv pob.
Lub pob IP Base tau ua haujlwm los ntawm lub neej ntawd, muaj lub neej siv tau thiab muaj rau txhua tus neeg yuav khoom Cisco. Peb cov pob khoom ntxiv, Cov Ntaub Ntawv, Kev Sib Koom Tes Sib Koom Tes thiab Kev Ruaj Ntseg, tsuas tuaj yeem qhib nrog daim ntawv tso cai. Yog tias koj xav tau cov ntaub ntawv pob, koj tuaj yeem mus rau lub tuam txhab lub vev xaib, them nyiaj tshwj xeeb, thiab Cisco yuav xa daim ntawv tso cai rau koj email. Koj luam cov ntaub ntawv no rau koj lub cuab yeej flash nco siv TFTP lossis lwm txoj hauv kev, tom qab ntawd tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv pob nta tau txais. Yog tias koj xav tau kev ruaj ntseg zoo tshaj plaws xws li encryption, IPSec, VPN, firewall, thiab lwm yam, koj yuav daim ntawv tso cai pob Security.
Tam sim no, siv Packet Tracer, kuv yuav qhia koj tias qhov no zoo li cas. Kuv mus rau CLI tab ntawm qhov chaw router thiab nkag mus rau cov lus qhia version. Koj tuaj yeem pom tias peb tab tom khiav OS version 15.1, qhov no yog universal OS uas muaj tag nrho cov haujlwm. Yog tias koj scroll down lub qhov rais, koj tuaj yeem pom cov ntaub ntawv tso cai.
Qhov no txhais tau hais tias lub pob ipbase yog ruaj khov thiab muaj nyob rau txhua lub sij hawm lub cuab yeej khau raj, thiab kev ruaj ntseg thiab cov ntaub ntawv pob tsis muaj vim tias tam sim no tsis muaj cov ntawv tso cai tsim nyog.
Koj tuaj yeem siv daim ntawv tso cai qhia tag nrho cov lus txib kom pom cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog daim ntawv tso cai. Koj tseem tuaj yeem saib cov ntsiab lus ntawm daim ntawv tso cai tam sim no siv cov lus qhia kom ntxaws daim ntawv tso cai. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm daim ntawv tso cai tuaj yeem saib tau siv cov ntawv tso cai tso cai cov lus txib. Qhov no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm Cisco daim ntawv tso cai system. Koj mus rau lub tuam txhab lub vev xaib, yuav daim ntawv tso cai xav tau, thiab ntxig cov ntawv tso cai rau hauv qhov system. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv kev teeb tsa thoob ntiaj teb kev teeb tsa hom siv daim ntawv tso cai nruab cov lus txib.
Ua tsaug uas koj nyob nrog peb. Koj puas nyiam peb cov ntawv? Xav pom cov ntsiab lus nthuav ntxiv? Txhawb nqa peb los ntawm kev tso ib qho kev txiav txim lossis qhia rau cov phooj ywg, 30% luv nqi rau cov neeg siv Habr ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb analogue ntawm nkag-theem servers, uas tau tsim los ntawm peb rau koj: (muaj nrog RAID1 thiab RAID10, mus txog 24 cores thiab mus txog 40GB DDR4).
Dell R730xd 2 zaug pheej yig dua? Tsuas yog nyob ntawm no hauv Netherlands! Dell R420 - 2x E5-2430 2.2Ghz 6C 128GB DDR3 2x960GB SSD 1Gbps 100TB - los ntawm $ 99! Nyeem txog
Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com