Peb twb tau saib VLANs hauv zos hauv cov tshooj video Hnub 11, 12 thiab 13 thiab hnub no peb yuav txuas ntxiv mus kawm lawv raws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm ICND2. Kuv tau kaw cov vis dis aus dhau los, uas yog qhov kawg ntawm kev npaj rau kev xeem ICND1, ob peb lub hlis dhau los thiab tag nrho cov sijhawm no mus txog hnub no kuv tsis khoom ntau. Kuv xav tias nej coob leej tau ua tiav qhov kev xeem no, cov uas tau ncua kev xeem tuaj yeem tos kom txog thaum kawg ntawm qhov thib ob ntawm chav kawm thiab sim xeem dhau CCNA 200-125 kev xeem.
Nrog rau hnub no zaj lus qhia video βHnub 34β peb pib lub ntsiab lus ntawm chav kawm ICND2. Ntau tus neeg nug kuv vim li cas peb tsis npog OSPF thiab EIGRP. Qhov tseeb yog tias cov txheej txheem no tsis suav nrog hauv cov ncauj lus ntawm chav kawm ICND1 thiab tau kawm hauv kev npaj kom dhau ICND2. Txij hnub no peb yuav pib hais txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm ntu thib ob ntawm chav kawm thiab, tau kawg, peb yuav kawm OSPF thiab EIGRP punctures. Ua ntej pib lub ntsiab lus niaj hnub no, kuv xav tham txog kev teeb tsa ntawm peb cov tshooj video. Thaum nthuav tawm cov ncauj lus ntawm ICND1, kuv tsis tau ua raws li cov qauv uas tau txais, tab sis tsuas yog piav qhia cov ntaub ntawv kom raug, vim kuv ntseeg tias txoj kev no yooj yim dua rau kev nkag siab. Tam sim no, thaum kawm ICND2, raws li qhov kev thov ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm, kuv yuav pib nthuav qhia cov ntaub ntawv qhia ua raws li cov ntaub ntawv kawm thiab Cisco chav kawm.
Yog tias koj mus rau lub tuam txhab lub vev xaib, koj yuav pom cov phiaj xwm no thiab qhov tseeb tias tag nrho cov chav kawm tau muab faib ua 5 qhov tseem ceeb:
- Cov kev hloov pauv hauv zej zog hauv zos (26% ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kawm);
- Routing technologies (29%);
- Ntiaj teb no network technologies (16%);
- Cov kev pabcuam hauv vaj tse (14%);
- Kev tu vaj tse (15%).
Kuv mam li pib nrog thawj ntu. Yog tias koj nyem rau ntawm cov ntawv qhia zaub mov ntawm sab xis, koj tuaj yeem pom cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntawm ntu no. Cov lus qhia niaj hnub no yuav hais txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm Tshooj 1.1: "Txhim kho, txheeb xyuas, thiab daws teeb meem VLANs (nruam / ncua sijhawm) Spanning Multiple Switches" thiab ntu 1.1a "Access Ports (Cov Ntaub Ntawv thiab Suab)" thiab 1.1.b "Default VLANs" .
Tom ntej no, kuv yuav sim ua raws li tib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev nthuav qhia, uas yog, txhua zaj lus qhia video yuav mob siab rau ib ntu nrog ntu ntu, thiab yog tias tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv txaus, kuv yuav muab cov ntsiab lus ntawm ntau ntu hauv ib zaj lus qhia, rau Piv txwv li, 1.2 thiab 1.3. Yog hais tias muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv seem no, kuv yuav muab faib ua ob video. Txawm li cas los xij, peb yuav ua raws li cov lus qhia hauv chav kawm thiab koj tuaj yeem yooj yim piv koj cov ntawv tawm tsam Cisco cov ntaub ntawv kawm tam sim no.
Koj tuaj yeem pom kuv lub desktop tshiab ntawm qhov screen, qhov no yog Windows 10. Yog tias koj xav txhim kho koj lub desktop nrog ntau lub widgets, koj tuaj yeem saib kuv cov yeeb yaj kiab hu ua "Pimp Your Desktop", uas kuv qhia koj yuav ua li cas kho koj lub computer desktop raws li. koj xav tau. Kuv tshaj tawm cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm hom no rau lwm tus channel, ExplainWorld, yog li koj tuaj yeem siv qhov txuas ntawm lub ces kaum sab xis thiab paub koj tus kheej nrog nws cov ntsiab lus.
Ua ntej pib zaj lus qhia, kuv thov kom koj tsis txhob hnov ββββqab qhia thiab nyiam kuv cov yeeb yaj kiab. Kuv kuj xav kom koj nco txog peb cov neeg nyob hauv kev tes hauj lwm thiab kev txuas mus rau kuv tus kheej nplooj ntawv. Koj tuaj yeem sau ntawv rau kuv hauv email, thiab raws li kuv tau hais lawm, cov neeg uas tau muab nyiaj pub dawb hauv peb lub vev xaib yuav muaj qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tau txais kuv tus kheej cov lus teb.
Yog tias koj tsis tau pub dawb, qhov tsis zoo, koj tuaj yeem tso koj cov lus hauv qab cov lus qhia hauv YouTube channel thiab kuv yuav teb lawv raws li qhov kuv ua tau.
Yog li, hnub no, raws li Cisco lub sijhawm, peb yuav saib 3 nqe lus nug: piv rau Default VLAN, lossis default VLAN, nrog Native VLAN, lossis "native" VLAN, nrhiav seb qhov VLAN li qub (vim li niaj zaus VLAN) txawv li cas. qhov txuas ntxiv ntawm Extended VLAN tes hauj lwm thiab Cia peb saib qhov txawv ntawm Data VLAN thiab Voice VLAN. Raws li kuv tau hais, peb twb tau kawm txog qhov teeb meem no dhau los lawm, tab sis qhov tseeb, ntau tus tub ntxhais kawm tseem muaj teeb meem txiav txim siab qhov txawv ntawm VLAN hom. Hnub no kuv yuav piav qhov no kom sawv daws nkag siab.
Cia peb saib qhov txawv ntawm Default VLAN thiab Native VLAN. Yog tias koj siv Cisco hloov tshiab nrog lub Hoobkas teeb tsa, nws yuav muaj 5 VLANs - VLAN1, VLAN1002, VLAN1003, VLAN1004 thiab VLAN1005.
VLAN1 yog lub neej ntawd VLAN rau txhua yam khoom siv Cisco, thiab VLANs 1002-1005 yog tshwj tseg rau Token Ring thiab FDDI. VLAN1 tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm lossis hloov npe, cov kev sib txuas tsis tuaj yeem muab ntxiv rau nws, thiab txhua qhov chaw hloov pauv tau koom nrog lub network no los ntawm lub neej ntawd kom txog thaum lawv tau teeb tsa txawv. Los ntawm lub neej ntawd, txhua qhov hloov pauv tuaj yeem sib tham vim lawv yog ib feem ntawm VLAN1. Qhov no yog qhov "Default VLAN" txhais tau tias.
Yog tias koj nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm kev hloov SW1 thiab muab ob qhov cuam tshuam rau VLAN20 network, lawv yuav dhau los ua ib feem ntawm VLAN20 network. Ua ntej pib zaj lus qhia hnub no, kuv xav qhia koj kom rov qab saib ntu 11,12, 13 thiab XNUMX uas tau hais los saum no vim kuv yuav tsis rov hais dua VLANs yog dab tsi thiab lawv ua haujlwm li cas.
Kuv tsuas yog ceeb toom rau koj tias koj tsis tuaj yeem tso qhov cuam tshuam rau VLAN20 network kom txog thaum koj tsim nws, yog li ua ntej koj yuav tsum nkag mus rau hauv hom kev teeb tsa thoob ntiaj teb ntawm kev hloov thiab tsim VLAN20. Koj tuaj yeem saib ntawm CLI qhov chaw console thiab pom kuv txhais li cas. Thaum koj tau muab 2 qhov chaw nres nkoj no rau VLAN20, PC1 thiab PC2 yuav muaj peev xwm sib txuas lus vim lawv ob leeg yuav koom nrog VLAN20 tib yam. Tab sis PC3 tseem yuav yog ib feem ntawm VLAN1 thiab yog li yuav tsis tuaj yeem sib txuas lus nrog cov khoos phis tawj ntawm VLAN20.
Peb muaj qhov thib ob hloov SW2, ib qho ntawm cov interfaces uas tau muab los ua haujlwm nrog VLAN20, thiab PC5 txuas nrog rau qhov chaw nres nkoj no. Nrog rau qhov tsim kev sib txuas no, PC5 tsis tuaj yeem sib txuas lus nrog PC4 thiab PC6, tab sis ob lub khoos phis tawj tuaj yeem sib txuas lus vim lawv koom nrog tib VLAN1.
Ob lub keyboards txuas nrog lub cev los ntawm kev teeb tsa cov chaw nres nkoj. Kuv yuav tsis rov hais dua kuv tus kheej, Kuv tsuas yog hais tias txhua qhov hloov pauv chaw nres nkoj tau teeb tsa los ntawm lub neej ntawd rau hom kev siv lub cev siv DTP raws tu qauv. Yog tias koj txuas lub computer mus rau ib qho chaw nres nkoj, ces qhov chaw nres nkoj no yuav siv hom kev nkag. Yog tias koj xav hloov qhov chaw nres nkoj mus rau qhov twg PC3 txuas nrog rau hom no, koj yuav tsum nkag mus rau qhov hloov pauv hom nkag mus hais kom ua.
Yog li, yog tias koj txuas ob lub keyboards rau ib leeg, lawv tsim ib lub cev. Ob qhov chaw nres nkoj sab saum toj ntawm SW1 yuav dhau los ntawm VLAN20 nkaus xwb, qhov chaw nres nkoj hauv qab tsuas yog hla VLAN1 kev khiav tsheb, tab sis kev sib txuas ntawm lub cev yuav dhau los ntawm tag nrho cov tsheb khiav mus los ntawm kev hloov. Yog li, SW2 yuav tau txais kev khiav tsheb los ntawm ob qho tib si VLAN1 thiab VLAN20.
Raws li koj nco qab, VLANs muaj qhov tseem ceeb hauv zos. Yog li ntawd, SW2 paub tias cov tsheb tuaj txog ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj VLAN1 los ntawm PC4 tsuas yog xa mus rau PC6 los ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj uas tseem yog VLAN1. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum ib qho kev hloov pauv xa mus rau lwm qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub cev, nws yuav tsum siv lub tshuab uas piav qhia txog qhov hloov thib ob seb nws yog hom kev tsheb. Raws li xws li ib tug mechanism, lub Native VLAN network yog siv, uas yog kev cob cog rua rau lub pob tw chaw nres nkoj thiab hla tagged tsheb los ntawm nws.
Raws li kuv twb tau hais lawm, qhov hloov pauv tsuas muaj ib lub network uas tsis raug hloov pauv - qhov no yog lub neej ntawd network VLAN1. Tab sis los ntawm lub neej ntawd, Native VLAN yog VLAN1. Native VLAN yog dab tsi? Qhov no yog lub network uas tso cai rau kev khiav tsheb tsis sib xws los ntawm VLAN1, tab sis sai li sai tau qhov chaw nres nkoj lub cev tau txais kev tsheb los ntawm lwm lub network, hauv peb rooj plaub VLAN20, nws yuav tsum tau tagged. Txhua tus ncej muaj qhov chaw nyob DA, qhov chaw nyob SA, thiab VLAN tag uas muaj VLAN ID. Nyob rau hauv peb cov ntaub ntawv, tus ID no qhia tau hais tias cov tsheb no belongs rau VLAN20, yog li nws tsuas yog xa mus los ntawm lub VLAN20 chaw nres nkoj thiab destined rau PC5. Lub Native VLAN tuaj yeem hais los txiav txim siab seb yuav tsum muaj tsheb thauj mus los lossis tsis tag.
Nco ntsoov tias VLAN1 yog lub neej ntawd Native VLAN vim yog lub neej ntawd txhua qhov chaw nres nkoj siv VLAN1 raws li Native VLAN nqa cov tsheb tsis sib xws. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov Default VLAN tsuas yog VLAN1 xwb, tib lub network uas hloov tsis tau. Yog tias qhov hloov pauv tau txais cov thav ntawv tsis muaj npe ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj lub cev, nws cia li muab lawv rau Native VLAN.
Cias muab, hauv Cisco keyboards koj tuaj yeem siv txhua VLAN li Native VLAN, piv txwv li, VLAN20, thiab tsuas yog VLAN1 tuaj yeem siv ua VLAN Default.
Thaum ua li ntawd, peb yuav muaj teeb meem. Yog tias peb hloov Native VLAN rau lub cev qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm thawj qhov hloov mus rau VLAN20, ces qhov chaw nres nkoj yuav xav tias: "vim qhov no yog Native VLAN, ces nws txoj kev tsheb tsis tas yuav tsum tau sau npe" thiab yuav xa cov tsheb tsis sib xws ntawm VLAN20 network. raws lub cev mus rau qhov hloov thib ob. Hloov SW2, tau txais cov tsheb thauj mus los no, yuav hais tias: "zoo heev, cov tsheb no tsis muaj daim ntawv lo. Raws li kuv qhov chaw, kuv haiv neeg VLAN yog VLAN1, uas txhais tau tias kuv yuav tsum xa cov tsheb tsis muaj npe ntawm VLAN1. " Yog li SW2 tsuas yog xa cov tsheb khiav mus rau PC4 thiab PC-6 txawm tias nws yog lub hom phiaj rau PC5. Qhov no yuav tsim teeb meem kev nyab xeeb loj vim nws yuav sib xyaw VLAN tsheb. Tias yog vim li cas tib haiv neeg VLAN yuav tsum tau teeb tsa ntawm ob qhov chaw nres nkoj, uas yog, yog tias Native VLAN rau lub cev chaw nres nkoj SW1 yog VLAN20, ces tib VLAN20 yuav tsum tau teeb tsa raws li Native VLAN ntawm lub cev chaw nres nkoj SW2.
Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm Native VLAN thiab Default VLAN, thiab koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias tag nrho Native VLANs hauv lub cev yuav tsum sib phim (tus neeg txhais lus ceeb toom: yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv lub network uas tsis yog VLAN1 li Native VLAN).
Cia peb saib qhov no los ntawm qhov hloov pauv qhov kev xav. Koj tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv qhov hloov pauv thiab ntaus cov lus qhia luv luv vlan, tom qab ntawd koj yuav pom tias txhua qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm qhov hloov pauv tau txuas nrog Default VLAN1.
Hauv qab no yog qhia 4 ntxiv VLANs: 1002,1003,1004 thiab 1005. Qhov no kuj yog Default VLAN, koj tuaj yeem pom qhov no los ntawm lawv cov npe. Lawv yog lub neej ntawd tes hauj lwm vim lawv tau tshwj tseg rau cov tes hauj lwm tshwj xeeb - Token Ring thiab FDDI. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, lawv nyob hauv lub xeev nquag, tab sis tsis tau txais kev txhawb nqa, vim tias cov tes hauj lwm ntawm cov qauv hais txog tsis txuas nrog qhov hloov.
Qhov kev xaiv "default" rau VLAN 1 tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv vim nws yog lub neej ntawd network. Txij li los ntawm lub neej ntawd tag nrho cov chaw nres nkoj hloov mus rau lub network no, txhua qhov hloov pauv tuaj yeem sib txuas lus nrog ib leeg los ntawm lub neej ntawd, uas yog, tsis tas yuav tsum muaj qhov chaw nres nkoj ntxiv. Yog tias koj xav txuas qhov hloov mus rau lwm lub network, koj nkag mus rau hom kev teeb tsa thoob ntiaj teb thiab tsim lub network no, piv txwv li, VLAN20. Los ntawm nias "Enter", koj yuav mus rau qhov chaw ntawm lub network tsim thiab koj tuaj yeem muab nws lub npe, piv txwv li, Kev Tswj Xyuas, thiab tom qab ntawd tawm ntawm qhov chaw.
Yog tias koj tam sim no siv cov lus qhia luv luv vlan, koj yuav pom tias peb muaj VLAN20 tshiab network, uas tsis sib xws rau ib qho ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj hloov. Txhawm rau muab ib qho chaw nres nkoj tshwj xeeb rau lub network no, koj yuav tsum xaiv qhov interface, piv txwv li, int e0/1, mus rau qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj no thiab nkag mus rau qhov hloov pauv hom nkag thiab hloov chaw nkag vlan20 cov lus txib.
Yog tias peb thov kom lub kaw lus qhia cov xwm txheej ntawm VLANs, peb yuav pom tias Ethernet chaw nres nkoj 0/1 tam sim no yog npaj rau Kev Tswj Xyuas Network, uas yog, nws tau cia li txav ntawm no los ntawm thaj tsam ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj muab los ntawm lub neej ntawd rau VLAN1.
Nco ntsoov tias txhua qhov chaw nkag nkag tsuas muaj ib qho Data VLAN xwb, yog li nws tsis tuaj yeem txhawb nqa ob VLANs tib lub sijhawm.
Tam sim no cia saib Native VLAN. Kuv siv qhov qhia int trunk hais kom ua thiab pom tias qhov chaw nres nkoj Ethernet0/0 tau faib rau lub cev.
Kuv tsis tas yuav ua qhov no rau lub hom phiaj vim tias DTP raws tu qauv tau muab qhov kev cuam tshuam no rau kev sib tw. Qhov chaw nres nkoj yog nyob rau hauv kev ntshaw hom, encapsulation yog hom n-isl, lub xeev chaw nres nkoj yog trunking, lub network yog Native VLAN1.
Cov hauv qab no qhia txog ntau yam ntawm VLAN tus lej 1-4094 tso cai rau lub cev thiab qhia tias peb muaj VLAN1 thiab VLAN20 tes hauj lwm ua haujlwm. Tam sim no kuv yuav mus rau hauv lub ntiaj teb configuration hom thiab ntaus cov lus txib int e0/0, ua tsaug rau qhov kuv yuav mus rau qhov chaw ntawm no interface. Kuv tabtom sim manually program qhov chaw nres nkoj no los ua haujlwm hauv lub cev hom nrog lub switchport hom pob tw hais kom ua, tab sis lub kaw lus tsis lees txais cov lus txib, teb tias: "Lub interface nrog lub cev tsis siv neeg lub cev encapsulation hom tsis tuaj yeem hloov mus rau lub cev hom."
Yog li ntawd, kuv yuav tsum xub kho lub cev encapsulation hom, uas kuv siv lub switchport trunk encapsulation hais kom ua. Lub kaw lus muab prompts nrog qhov ua tau rau cov lus txib no:
dot1q - thaum lub sij hawm trunking, qhov chaw nres nkoj siv 802.1q pob tw encapsulation;
isl-thaum lub sij hawm trunking, qhov chaw nres nkoj siv trunking encapsulation nkaus xwb ntawm proprietary Cisco ISL raws tu qauv;
sib tham - lub cuab yeej encapsulates trunking nrog txhua yam khoom siv txuas nrog rau qhov chaw nres nkoj no.
Tib hom encapsulation yuav tsum raug xaiv ntawm txhua qhov kawg ntawm lub cev. Los ntawm lub neej ntawd, qhov hloov tawm ntawm lub thawv tsuas yog txhawb nqa dot1q hom trunking, txij li yuav luag txhua lub network pab txhawb nqa tus qauv no. Kuv mam li program peb lub interface rau encapsulate trunking raws li tus qauv no siv lub switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q hais kom ua, thiab tom qab ntawd siv cov lus txib switchport hom pob tw yav dhau los. Tam sim no peb qhov chaw nres nkoj yog programmed rau lub cev hom.
Yog hais tias lub cev yog tsim los ntawm ob lub Cisco keyboards, proprietary ISL raws tu qauv yuav raug siv los ntawm lub neej ntawd. Yog tias ib qho kev hloov pauv txhawb dot1q thiab ISL, thiab qhov thib ob nkaus xwb dot1q, lub cev yuav tau hloov mus rau dot1q encapsulation hom. Yog tias peb saib ntawm qhov tsis sib haum xeeb dua, peb tuaj yeem pom tias trunking encapsulation hom ntawm Et0/0 interface tau tam sim no hloov ntawm n-isl mus rau 802.1q.
Yog tias peb nkag mus rau qhov qhia int e0/0 switchport hais kom ua, peb yuav pom tag nrho cov xwm txheej ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj no.
Koj pom tias los ntawm lub neej ntawd VLAN1 yog "native network" ntawm Native VLAN rau trunking, thiab Native VLAN tsheb tagging hom yog ua tau. Tom ntej no, kuv siv int e0/0 hais kom ua, mus rau qhov chaw ntawm no interface thiab hom switchport pob tw, tom qab uas lub kaw lus muab lus qhia txog qhov ua tsis tau ntawm cov lus txib no.
Tso cai txhais tau hais tias yog qhov chaw nres nkoj nyob hauv hom pob tw, qhov tso cai VLAN cov yam ntxwv yuav raug teeb tsa. Encapsulation enables trunking encapsulation yog hais tias qhov chaw nres nkoj nyob rau hauv lub cev hom. Kuv siv cov kev txwv ib txwm muaj, uas txhais tau hais tias nyob rau hauv hom pob tw qhov chaw nres nkoj yuav muaj cov yam ntxwv ib txwm muaj, thiab nkag mus rau qhov hloov pauv lub pob tw haiv neeg VLAN20 hais kom ua. Yog li, hauv hom pob tw, VLAN20 yuav yog Native VLAN rau qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm thawj qhov hloov SW1.
Peb muaj lwm qhov hloov, SW2, rau lub cev qhov chaw nres nkoj uas VLAN1 yog siv los ua Native VLAN. Tam sim no koj pom tias CDP raws tu qauv qhia cov lus hais tias Native VLAN tsis sib haum tau raug kuaj pom ntawm ob qho kawg ntawm lub cev: lub cev qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm thawj Ethernet0/0 hloov pauv siv Native VLAN20, thiab lub cev qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm qhov hloov thib ob siv Native VLAN1. . Qhov no qhia txog qhov txawv ntawm Native VLAN thiab Default VLAN.
Cia peb pib saib qhov tsis tu ncua thiab txuas ntxiv ntawm VLANs.
Rau lub sijhawm ntev, Cisco tsuas yog txhawb nqa VLAN tus lej 1 txog 1005, nrog rau ntau yam 1002 txog 1005 tshwj tseg los ntawm lub neej ntawd rau Token Ring thiab FDDI VLANs. Cov tes hauj lwm no tau hu ua VLANs li niaj zaus. Yog tias koj nco qab, VLAN ID yog 12-ntsis tag uas tso cai rau koj los teeb tsa tus lej mus txog 4096, tab sis vim li cas Cisco tsuas yog siv cov lej mus txog 1005.
Qhov txuas ntxiv VLAN ntau suav nrog cov lej ntawm 1006 txog 4095. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau ntawm cov khoom qub tsuas yog tias lawv txhawb VTP v3. Yog tias koj siv VTP v3 thiab VLAN txuas ntxiv, koj yuav tsum lov tes taw kev txhawb nqa rau VTP v1 thiab v2, vim tias thawj thiab thib ob versions tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nrog VLANs yog tias lawv suav ntau dua 1005.
Yog li yog tias koj siv Extended VLAN rau cov keyboards qub, VTP yuav tsum nyob rau hauv lub xeev "desable" thiab koj yuav tsum manually teeb tsa nws rau VLAN, txwv tsis pub VLAN cov ntaub ntawv hloov tshiab yuav tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Yog tias koj yuav siv Extended VLAN nrog VTP, koj xav tau qhov thib peb version ntawm VTP.
Wb saib VTP xwm txheej uas siv qhov qhia vtp xwm txheej hais kom ua. Koj pom tias qhov hloov pauv ua haujlwm hauv VTP v2 hom, nrog kev txhawb nqa rau versions 1 thiab 3 ua tau. Kuv muab nws lub npe sau npe nwking.org.
VTP tswj hom - server yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm no. Koj tuaj yeem pom tias qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm VLANs txhawb nqa yog 1005. Yog li, koj tuaj yeem nkag siab tias qhov hloov pauv no los ntawm lub neej ntawd tsuas yog txhawb nqa VLAN li niaj zaus.
Tam sim no kuv mam li ntaus qhia vlan luv luv thiab koj yuav pom VLAN20 Management, uas tau hais ntawm no vim nws yog ib feem ntawm VLAN database.
Yog tias tam sim no kuv thov kom qhia cov cuab yeej siv tam sim no nrog kev qhia ua haujlwm, peb yuav tsis pom ib qho kev hais txog VLANs vim tias lawv tsuas muaj nyob hauv VLAN database.
Tom ntej no, kuv siv vtp hom hais kom ua los teeb tsa VTP kev ua haujlwm hom. Cov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov qauv qub tsuas muaj peb qhov tsis zoo rau cov lus txib no: tus neeg siv khoom, uas hloov pauv mus rau hom neeg siv, server, uas tig rau hom server, thiab pob tshab, uas hloov pauv mus rau hom "pob tshab". Txij li nws tsis tuaj yeem ua tsis tau tag nrho VTP ntawm cov keyboards qub, hauv hom kev hloov no, thaum seem ntawm VTP sau, tsuas yog tso tseg tsis lees txais VLAN cov ntaub ntawv hloov tshiab tuaj txog ntawm nws cov chaw nres nkoj ntawm VTP raws tu qauv.
Cov keyboards tshiab tam sim no muaj qhov kev txwv tsis pub dhau, uas tso cai rau koj kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam VTP hom. Cia peb hloov lub cuab yeej mus rau hom pob tshab siv vtp hom pob tshab hais kom ua thiab saib lwm qhov kev teeb tsa tam sim no. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, qhov nkag ntawm VLAN20 tam sim no tau ntxiv rau nws. Yog li, yog tias peb ntxiv qee qhov VLAN uas nws tus lej nyob hauv qhov tsis tu ncua VLAN nrog cov lej ntawm 1 txog 1005, thiab tib lub sijhawm VTP nyob rau hauv pob tshab lossis tawm hom, tom qab ntawd raws li cov cai hauv VLAN lub network no yuav muab ntxiv rau tam sim no. configuration thiab mus rau hauv VLAN database.
Cia peb sim ntxiv VLAN 3000, thiab koj yuav pom tias hauv hom pob tshab nws kuj tshwm nyob rau hauv qhov kev teeb tsa tam sim no. Feem ntau, yog tias peb xav ntxiv lub network los ntawm qhov txuas ntxiv VLAN ntau, peb yuav siv vtp version 3 hais kom ua. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, ob qho tib si VLAN20 thiab VLAN3000 tau qhia hauv qhov teeb tsa tam sim no.
Yog tias koj tawm hauv hom pob tshab thiab qhib hom server siv vtp hom server hais kom ua, thiab tom qab ntawd saib cov kev teeb tsa tam sim no dua, koj tuaj yeem pom tias VLAN nkag tau ploj mus. Qhov no yog vim tias tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv VLAN tsuas yog khaws cia hauv VLAN database thiab tsuas tuaj yeem pom hauv VTP pob tshab hom. Txij li thaum kuv tau qhib VTP v3 hom, tom qab siv qhov qhia vtp raws li txoj cai hais kom ua, koj tuaj yeem pom tias qhov ntau tshaj ntawm VLANs txhawb nqa tau nce mus rau 4096.
Yog li, VTP v1 thiab VTP v2 database tsuas yog txhawb nqa VLANs tus lej 1 txog 1005, thaum lub VTP v3 database suav nrog kev nkag rau VLAN txuas ntxiv tus lej 1 txog 4096. Yog tias koj siv VTP pob tshab lossis VTP tawm hom, cov ntaub ntawv o VLAN yuav raug ntxiv. mus rau lub configuration tam sim no. Yog tias koj xav siv VLAN txuas ntxiv, lub cuab yeej yuav tsum nyob hauv VTP v3 hom. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov tsis tu ncua thiab txuas ntxiv VLANs.
Tam sim no peb yuav sib piv cov ntaub ntawv VLANs thiab lub suab VLANs. Yog tias koj nco qab, kuv tau hais tias txhua qhov chaw nres nkoj tsuas tuaj yeem koom nrog ib VLAN ib zaug xwb.
Txawm li cas los xij, ntau zaus peb yuav tsum teeb tsa lub chaw nres nkoj ua haujlwm nrog tus xov tooj IP. Niaj hnub Cisco IP xov tooj muaj lawv tus kheej hloov ua nyob rau hauv, yog li koj tuaj yeem yooj yim txuas lub xov tooj nrog ib lub xov tooj mus rau lub qhov hluav taws xob phab ntsa, thiab ib txoj hlua txuas rau koj lub computer. Qhov teeb meem yog tias phab ntsa jack uas lub xov tooj chaw nres nkoj ntsaws rau hauv yuav tsum muaj ob lub VLAN sib txawv. Peb twb tau sib tham hauv video tshooj 11 thiab 12 hnub yuav ua li cas los tiv thaiv kev tsheb khiav, yuav ua li cas siv lub tswv yim ntawm "ib haiv neeg" VLAN uas hla kev tsheb tsis sib xws, tab sis cov no yog tag nrho cov kev daws teeb meem. Qhov kev daws teeb meem kawg rau qhov teeb meem yog lub tswv yim ntawm kev faib VLANs rau hauv tes hauj lwm rau cov ntaub ntawv khiav tsheb thiab tes hauj lwm rau lub suab tsheb.
Hauv qhov no, koj muab tag nrho cov xov tooj sib txuas rau hauv lub suab VLAN. Daim duab qhia tau hais tias PC1 thiab PC2 tuaj yeem nyob rau ntawm VLAN20 liab, thiab PC3 tuaj yeem nyob ntawm ntsuab VLAN30, tab sis tag nrho lawv cov xov tooj IP cuam tshuam yuav nyob ntawm tib lub suab daj VLAN50.
Qhov tseeb, txhua qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm SW1 hloov yuav muaj 2 VLANs ib txhij - rau cov ntaub ntawv thiab lub suab.
Raws li kuv tau hais, kev nkag mus VLAN ib txwm muaj ib VLAN, koj tsis tuaj yeem muaj ob VLAN ntawm tib qhov chaw nres nkoj. Koj tsis tuaj yeem siv qhov hloov pauv nkag vlan 10, hloov chaw nkag vlan 20 thiab hloov chaw nkag vlan 50 cov lus txib rau ib qho interface tib lub sijhawm. hais kom ua Yog li, txij li lub xov tooj IP muaj qhov hloov pauv hauv nws, nws tuaj yeem ntim thiab xa VLAN10 lub suab tsheb thiab ib txhij tau txais thiab xa VLAN50 cov ntaub ntawv tsheb mus hloov SW50 hauv switchport nkag hom. Cia saib yuav ua li cas hom no yog configured.
Ua ntej peb yuav tsim VLAN50 network, thiab tom qab ntawd peb yuav mus rau qhov chaw ntawm Ethernet 0/1 interface thiab muab kev pab cuam rau switchport hom nkag. Tom qab ntawd, kuv ua ntu zus nkag mus rau qhov hloov chaw nkag vlan 10 thiab hloov pauv lub suab vlan 50 cov lus txib.
Kuv tsis nco qab los teeb tsa tib hom VLAN rau lub cev, yog li kuv yuav mus rau qhov chaw ntawm Ethernet chaw nres nkoj 0/0 thiab nkag mus rau cov lus txib switchport pob tw haiv neeg vlan 1. Tam sim no kuv yuav hais kom qhia VLAN tsis, thiab koj tuaj yeem pom. uas tam sim no ntawm Ethernet chaw nres nkoj 0/1 peb muaj ob lub network - VLAN 50 thiab VLAN20.
Yog li, yog tias koj pom tias muaj ob lub VLAN ntawm tib qhov chaw nres nkoj, qhov no txhais tau tias ib qho ntawm lawv yog Voice VLAN. Qhov no tsis tuaj yeem yog lub cev pob txha vim tias yog tias koj saib ntawm lub cev tsis siv cov lus qhia hauv lub cev, koj tuaj yeem pom tias qhov chaw nres nkoj lub cev muaj tag nrho VLANs, suav nrog lub neej ntawd VLAN1.
Koj tuaj yeem hais tias technically, thaum koj tsim cov ntaub ntawv network thiab lub suab network, txhua qhov chaw nres nkoj no coj zoo li lub cev ib nrab: rau ib lub network nws ua raws li lub cev, rau lwm qhov yog qhov chaw nres nkoj nkag.
Yog tias koj ntaus cov lus txib qhia int e0 / 1 switchport, koj tuaj yeem pom tias qee tus yam ntxwv sib haum rau ob hom kev ua haujlwm: peb muaj ob qho tib si nkag mus thiab trunking encapsulation. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, hom kev nkag mus sib raug rau cov ntaub ntawv network VLAN 20 Management thiab tib lub sijhawm muaj lub suab network VLAN 50.
Koj tuaj yeem saib qhov kev teeb tsa tam sim no, uas tseem yuav qhia tau tias nkag mus vlan 20 thiab lub suab vlan 50 muaj nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj no.
Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm Data VLANs thiab Voice VLANs. Kuv vam tias koj nkag siab txhua yam kuv hais, yog tias tsis yog, tsuas yog saib daim video qhia no dua.
Ua tsaug uas koj nyob nrog peb. Koj puas nyiam peb cov ntawv? Xav pom cov ntsiab lus nthuav ntxiv? Txhawb nqa peb los ntawm kev tso ib qho kev txiav txim lossis qhia rau cov phooj ywg, 30% luv nqi rau cov neeg siv Habr ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb analogue ntawm nkag-theem servers, uas tau tsim los ntawm peb rau koj: (muaj nrog RAID1 thiab RAID10, mus txog 24 cores thiab mus txog 40GB DDR4).
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