Hnub no peb yuav pib kawm txog OSPF routing. Lub ntsiab lus no, zoo li EIGRP raws tu qauv, yog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov chav kawm CCNA. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, Tshooj 2.4 yog hu ua "Configuring, Testing, and Troubleshooting OSPFv2 Single-Zone and Multi-Zone for IPv4 (tsis suav nrog Kev Tshawb Fawb, Lim, Phau Ntawv Qhia Txog Cov Lus Nug, Rov Ntxiv, Stub Area, VNet, thiab LSA).
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm OSPF yog qhov dav heev, yog li nws yuav siv 2, tej zaum 3 video tshooj. Hnub no zaj lus qhia yuav mob siab rau qhov theoretical sab ntawm qhov teeb meem; Kuv yuav qhia koj seb qhov kev cai no yog dab tsi hauv cov ntsiab lus dav dav thiab nws ua haujlwm li cas. Hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab tom ntej, peb yuav txav mus rau OSPF teeb tsa hom siv Packet Tracer.
Yog li hauv zaj lus qhia no peb yuav hais txog peb yam: OSPF yog dab tsi, nws ua haujlwm li cas, thiab thaj chaw OSPF yog dab tsi. Hauv zaj lus qhia dhau los, peb tau hais tias OSPF yog Link State routing raws tu qauv uas tshuaj xyuas kev sib txuas lus ntawm routers thiab txiav txim siab raws li qhov ceev ntawm cov kev sib txuas. Ib txoj kab ntev nrog lub nrawm dua, uas yog, nrog ntau qhov kev sib tw, yuav muab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj qhov luv luv channel nrog tsawg dua.
RIP raws tu qauv, uas yog ib tug nyob deb vector raws tu qauv, yuav xaiv ib leeg-hop txoj kev, txawm tias qhov txuas no muaj qhov ceev ceev, thiab OSPF raws tu qauv yuav xaiv ib tug ntev txoj kev ntawm ob peb hops yog hais tias tag nrho cov ceev ntawm txoj kev no yog siab tshaj. tsheb khiav ceev ntawm txoj kev luv.
Peb mam li saib qhov kev txiav txim siab tom qab, tab sis tam sim no koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias OSPF yog Link State Protocol. Cov qauv qhib no tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1988 kom txhua tus neeg tsim khoom siv network thiab txhua tus neeg muab kev pabcuam siv tau. Yog li OSPF nrov dua li EIGRP.
OSPF version 2 tsuas yog txhawb IPv4, thiab ib xyoos tom qab, xyoo 1989, cov neeg tsim tawm tshaj tawm version 3, uas txhawb IPv6. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov ua tau zoo thib peb ntawm OSPF rau IPv6 tsuas yog tshwm sim hauv 2008. Vim li cas koj thiaj xaiv OSPF? Nyob rau hauv zaj lus qhia kawg, peb tau kawm tias qhov kev cai sab hauv lub rooj vag no ua rau txoj kev sib koom ua ke sai dua RIP. Qhov no yog ib tug classless raws tu qauv.
Yog tias koj nco qab, RIP yog cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm hauv chav kawm, txhais tau tias nws tsis xa cov ntaub ntawv npog subnet, thiab yog tias nws ntsib chav kawm A / 24 IP chaw nyob, nws yuav tsis lees txais. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj nthuav qhia nws nrog tus IP chaw nyob zoo li 10.1.1.0/24, nws yuav pom tias nws yog lub network 10.0.0.0 vim nws tsis nkag siab thaum lub network yog subnetted siv ntau dua ib lub ntsej muag subnet.
OSPF yog tus txheej txheem ruaj ntseg. Piv txwv li, yog tias ob lub routers sib pauv cov ntaub ntawv OSPF, koj tuaj yeem teeb tsa kev lees paub kom koj tuaj yeem qhia cov ntaub ntawv nrog tus neeg nyob sib ze tom qab nkag mus rau tus password. Raws li peb twb tau hais lawm, nws yog tus qauv qhib, yog li OSPF tau siv los ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab khoom siv network.
Hauv kev txiav txim siab thoob ntiaj teb, OSPF yog ib lub tswv yim rau kev sib pauv Link State Advertisements, lossis LSAs. LSA cov lus yog tsim los ntawm lub router thiab muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv: lub router tus cim tus cim router-id, cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov network paub txog lub router, cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lawv cov nqi, thiab lwm yam. Lub router xav tau tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv no los txiav txim siab txoj kev.
Router R3 xa nws cov ntaub ntawv LSA rau router R5, thiab router R5 qhia nws cov ntaub ntawv LSA nrog R3. Cov LSAs no sawv cev rau cov qauv ntaub ntawv uas tsim cov Link State Data Base, lossis LSDB. Lub router sau tag nrho cov LSAs tau txais thiab muab tso rau hauv nws LSDB. Tom qab ob lub routers tau tsim lawv cov databases, lawv pauv cov lus nyob zoo, uas ua haujlwm kom pom cov neeg nyob sib ze, thiab pib cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib piv lawv LSDBs.
Router R3 xa router R5 ib DBD, lossis "database description" lus, thiab R5 xa nws DBD rau router R3. Cov lus no muaj LSA indexes uas muaj nyob rau hauv databases ntawm txhua router. Tom qab tau txais DBD, R3 xa LSR network raws li txoj cai thov rau R5 hais tias "Kuv twb muaj cov lus 3,4 thiab 9, yog li xa kuv tsuas yog 5 thiab 7."
R5 ua tib yam, qhia tus thib peb router: "Kuv muaj cov ntaub ntawv 3,4 thiab 9, yog li xa kuv 1 thiab 2." Tom qab tau txais LSR thov, cov routers xa rov qab LSU network lub xeev cov pob ntawv hloov tshiab, uas yog, teb rau nws LSR, peb lub router tau txais LSU los ntawm router R5. Tom qab cov routers hloov kho lawv cov databases, tag nrho lawv, txawm tias koj muaj 100 routers, yuav muaj tib LSDBs. Thaum LSDB databases tsim nyob rau hauv lub routers, txhua tus ntawm lawv yuav paub txog tag nrho cov network tag nrho. OSPF raws tu qauv siv Shortest Path First algorithm los tsim lub rooj routing, yog li qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau nws txoj haujlwm raug yog tias LSDBs ntawm tag nrho cov khoom siv hauv lub network tau synchronized.
Hauv daim duab saum toj no, muaj 9 routers, txhua qhov sib pauv LSR, LSU, thiab lwm yam lus nrog nws cov neeg nyob ze. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv tau txuas rau ib leeg ntawm p2p, lossis "point-to-point" interfaces uas txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm OSPF raws tu qauv, thiab sib cuam tshuam nrog ib leeg los tsim tib LSDB.
Thaum lub hauv paus yog synchronized, txhua router, siv txoj kev luv tshaj algorithm, tsim nws tus kheej routing rooj. Cov rooj no yuav txawv rau cov routers sib txawv. Ntawd yog, txhua tus routers siv tib LSDB, tab sis tsim cov rooj sib tham raws li lawv tus kheej xav txog cov kev luv tshaj plaws. Txhawm rau siv cov algorithm no, OSPF yuav tsum tau hloov kho LSDB tsis tu ncua.
Yog li, rau OSPF ua haujlwm rau nws tus kheej, nws yuav tsum xub muab 3 yam xwm txheej: nrhiav cov neeg nyob sib ze, tsim thiab hloov kho LSDB, thiab tsim lub rooj sib tham. Txhawm rau ua kom tiav thawj qhov xwm txheej, tus thawj coj hauv lub network yuav tsum tau teeb tsa tus router-id, sijhawm, lossis daim npog ntsej muag. Hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab tom ntej no peb yuav saib kev teeb tsa lub cuab yeej ua haujlwm nrog OSPF, rau tam sim no koj yuav tsum paub tias cov txheej txheem no siv lub npog ntsej muag rov qab, thiab yog tias nws tsis sib xws, yog tias koj cov subnets tsis sib xws, lossis qhov kev lees paub tsis sib xws. , ib cheeb tsam ntawm routers yuav tsis tuaj yeem tsim. Yog li ntawd, thaum daws teeb meem OSPF, koj yuav tsum paub tias yog vim li cas lub zej zog no tsis tsim, uas yog, xyuas tias cov kev ntsuas saum toj no phim.
Raws li tus thawj tswj hwm network, koj tsis koom nrog LSDB txheej txheem tsim. Databases raug hloov kho tshiab tom qab tsim ib cheeb tsam ntawm routers, ib yam li kev tsim cov rooj sib tham. Tag nrho cov no yog ua los ntawm lub cuab yeej nws tus kheej, teeb tsa ua haujlwm nrog OSPF raws tu qauv.
Cia peb saib ib qho piv txwv. Peb muaj 2 routers, uas, rau qhov yooj yim, kuv muab RIDs 1.1.1.1 thiab 2.2.2.2. Thaum peb txuas lawv, qhov txuas channel yuav tam sim ntawd mus rau hauv lub xeev, vim kuv thawj zaug teeb tsa cov routers ua haujlwm nrog OSPF. Sai li qhov kev sib txuas lus tau tsim, router A yuav xa ib daim ntawv nyob zoo rau router A. Cov pob ntawv no yuav muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais tias lub router no tseem tsis tau "pom" leej twg ntawm cov channel no, vim nws tau xa Hello thawj zaug, nrog rau nws tus kheej tus lej, cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lub network txuas nrog nws, thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv uas nws tuaj yeem ua tau. koom nrog ib tug neeg nyob ze.
Tom qab tau txais cov pob ntawv no, router B yuav hais tias: "Kuv pom tias muaj tus neeg sib tw muaj peev xwm rau OSPF cov neeg nyob ze ntawm qhov kev sib txuas lus no" thiab yuav nkag mus rau hauv lub xeev Init. Cov pob ntawv nyob zoo tsis yog unicast lossis tshaj tawm xov xwm, nws yog ib pob ntawv multicast xa mus rau multicast OSPF IP chaw nyob 224.0.0.5. Qee tus neeg nug dab tsi yog lub npog ntsej muag subnet rau multicast. Qhov tseeb yog tias multicast tsis muaj lub npog ntsej muag subnet; nws nthuav tawm raws li lub xov tooj cua teeb liab, uas tau hnov ββββlos ntawm txhua yam khoom siv los kho nws qhov zaus. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj xav hnov ββββib lub xov tooj cua FM tshaj tawm ntawm zaus 91,0, koj qhib koj lub xov tooj cua mus rau qhov zaus ntawd.
Ib yam li ntawd, router B tau teeb tsa kom tau txais cov lus rau qhov chaw nyob multicast 224.0.0.5. Thaum mloog cov channel no, nws tau txais pob ntawv nyob zoo xa los ntawm Router A thiab teb nrog nws cov lus.
Hauv qhov no, ib cheeb tsam tsuas yog tsim tau yog tias teb B txaus siab rau cov txheej txheem. Thawj qhov kev ntsuas yog qhov zaus ntawm kev xa cov lus nyob zoo thiab lub sijhawm tos rau cov lus teb rau cov lus no Dead Interval yuav tsum yog tib yam rau ob lub routers. Feem ntau qhov Dead Interval yog sib npaug rau ob peb Hello timer qhov tseem ceeb. Yog li, yog tias Nyob Zoo Timer ntawm router A yog 10 s, thiab router B xa lus nws tom qab 30 s, thaum lub sijhawm Tuag yog 20 s, qhov chaw nyob yuav tsis tshwm sim.
Qhov thib ob qhov kev ntsuas yog tias ob lub routers yuav tsum siv tib hom kev lees paub. Yog li ntawd, kev lees paub tus password yuav tsum sib phim.
Qhov thib peb cov txheej txheem yog qhov sib tw ntawm Arial ID cheeb tsam tus cim, qhov thib plaub yog qhov sib tw ntawm qhov ntev ntawm lub network prefix. Yog tias Router A qhia txog /24 ua ntej, ces Router B yuav tsum muaj /24 network ua ntej. Hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab tom ntej peb yuav saib qhov no kom ntxaws ntxiv, rau tam sim no kuv yuav nco ntsoov tias qhov no tsis yog lub npog ntsej muag subnet, ntawm no routers siv lub ntsej muag rov qab Wildcard. Thiab tau kawg, Stub cheeb tsam chij yuav tsum sib phim yog tias cov routers nyob hauv cheeb tsam no.
Tom qab kuaj xyuas cov qauv no, yog tias lawv sib phim, router B xa nws cov ntawv nyob zoo rau router A. Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau A cov lus, Router B qhia tias nws pom Router A thiab qhia nws tus kheej.
Hauv kev teb rau cov lus no, router A rov xa nyob zoo rau router B, uas nws lees paub tias nws kuj pom router B, cov kev sib txuas lus ntawm lawv muaj cov khoom siv 1.1.1.1 thiab 2.2.2.2, thiab nws tus kheej yog ntaus ntawv 1.1.1.1. . Qhov no yog ib theem tseem ceeb heev ntawm kev tsim ib lub zej zog. Hauv qhov no, siv ob txoj kev sib txuas 2-WAY, tab sis yuav ua li cas yog tias peb muaj qhov hloov pauv nrog lub network faib ntawm 4 routers? Nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug "sib koom" ib puag ncig, ib tug ntawm cov routers yuav tsum ua lub luag hauj lwm ntawm tus tsim router DR, thiab qhov thib ob yuav tsum ua lub luag hauj lwm ntawm ib tug Backup xaiv router, BDR.
Txhua yam ntawm cov khoom siv no yuav tsim kev sib txuas Tag Nrho, lossis lub xeev ntawm kev sib txuas ua tiav, tom qab ntawd peb yuav saib seb qhov no yog dab tsi, txawm li cas los xij, kev sib txuas ntawm hom no tsuas yog tsim nrog DR thiab BDR; ob lub routers D thiab B yuav qis dua. tseem sib txuas lus nrog ib leeg siv ob txoj kev sib txuas lus "point-to-point".
Ntawd yog, nrog DR thiab BDR, txhua lub routers tsim kom muaj kev sib raug zoo hauv zej zog, thiab nrog rau ib leeg - ib qho kev sib txuas ntawm taw tes. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev vim hais tias thaum lub sij hawm muaj ob txoj kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv nyob ib sab, txhua qhov Hello pob ntawv yuav tsum sib phim. Hauv peb cov ntaub ntawv, txhua yam sib tw, yog li cov cuab yeej tsim ib puag ncig tsis muaj teeb meem.
Sai li ob txoj kev sib txuas lus tau tsim, router A xa router B rau Database Description packet, los yog "database description", thiab mus rau hauv lub xeev ExStart - pib ntawm kev sib pauv, los yog tos rau loading. Database Descriptor yog cov ntaub ntawv zoo ib yam li cov lus ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm phau ntawv - nws yog cov npe ntawm txhua yam uas nyob hauv cov ntaub ntawv routing. Hauv kev teb, Router B xa nws cov ntaub ntawv piav qhia mus rau Router A thiab nkag mus rau lub xeev kev sib txuas lus sib txuas lus. Yog tias nyob rau hauv lub xeev pauv lub router pom tias qee cov ntaub ntawv ploj lawm hauv nws cov ntaub ntawv, nws yuav nkag mus rau hauv LOADING loading xeev thiab pib pauv LSR, LSU thiab LSA cov lus nrog nws cov neeg nyob ze.
Yog li, router A yuav xa LSR rau nws cov neeg nyob ze, leej twg yuav teb nrog LSU pob ntawv, uas router A yuav teb rau router B nrog LSA cov lus. Qhov kev pauv no yuav tshwm sim ntau zaus raws li cov khoom siv xav pauv LSA cov lus. Lub xeev LOADING txhais tau hais tias qhov hloov tshiab tag nrho ntawm LSA database tseem tsis tau tshwm sim. Thaum tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tau raug downloaded, ob lub cuab yeej yuav nkag mus rau FULL adjacency xeev.
Nco ntsoov tias nrog kev sib txuas ntawm ob txoj kev, cov khoom siv tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub xeev nyob ib sab, thiab tag nrho lub xeev adjacency tsuas yog ua tau ntawm routers, DR thiab BDR. Qhov no txhais tau tias txhua lub router qhia DR txog kev hloov pauv hauv lub network, thiab txhua lub routers. kawm txog cov kev hloov no los ntawm DR
Kev xaiv ntawm DR thiab BDR yog qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb. Cia peb saib seb DR raug xaiv li cas hauv ib puag ncig. Cia peb xav tias peb lub tswv yim muaj peb lub routers thiab hloov pauv. OSPF cov cuab yeej ua ntej piv qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov lus nyob zoo, tom qab ntawd sib piv Router ID.
Cov cuab yeej uas muaj qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yuav dhau los ua DR Yog tias qhov tseem ceeb ntawm ob lub cuab yeej sib koom ua ke, ces cov cuab yeej nrog lub siab tshaj plaws Router ID raug xaiv los ntawm ob thiab dhau los ua DR.
Cov cuab yeej uas muaj qhov tseem ceeb thib ob lossis qhov thib ob siab tshaj Router ID dhau los ua tus thaub qab ntawm router BDR. Yog tias DR ua tsis tiav, nws yuav tam sim ntawd hloov los ntawm BDR. Nws yuav pib ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm DR, thiab lub kaw lus yuav xaiv lwm tus. BDR
Kuv vam tias koj tau pom qhov kev xaiv ntawm DR thiab BDR, yog tias tsis yog, kuv yuav rov qab mus rau qhov teeb meem no hauv ib qho ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab hauv qab no thiab piav qhia txog cov txheej txheem no.
Txog tam sim no peb tau saib qhov Nyob Zoo yog dab tsi, Cov Ntaub Ntawv Qhia Txog, thiab LSR, LSU, thiab LSA cov lus. Ua ntej yuav mus rau lub ntsiab lus tom ntej, cia peb tham me ntsis txog tus nqi ntawm OSPF.
Ntawm Cisco, tus nqi ntawm txoj kev yog suav nrog cov qauv ntawm qhov piv ntawm Kev Siv bandwidth, uas yog teem rau 100 Mbit / s los ntawm lub neej ntawd, rau tus nqi ntawm cov channel. Piv txwv li, thaum txuas cov khoom siv los ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj serial, qhov ceev yog 1.544 Mbps, thiab tus nqi yuav yog 64. Thaum siv Ethernet kev sib txuas nrog qhov ceev ntawm 10 Mbps, tus nqi yuav yog 10, thiab tus nqi ntawm FastEthernet txuas nrog. Qhov ceev ntawm 100 Mbps yuav yog 1.
Thaum siv Gigabit Ethernet peb muaj qhov ceev ntawm 1000 Mbps, tab sis qhov no qhov ceev yog ib txwm suav tias yog 1. Yog li, yog tias koj muaj Gigabit Ethernet ntawm koj lub network, koj yuav tsum hloov pauv tus nqi ntawm Ref. BW los ntawm 1000. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, tus nqi yuav yog 1, thiab tag nrho cov lus yuav raug suav nrog cov nqi ntawm cov nqi nce 10 npaug. Thaum peb tau tsim qhov adjacency thiab tsim LSDB, peb txav mus rau kev tsim lub rooj sib tham.
Tom qab tau txais LSDB, txhua tus router nws tus kheej pib tsim cov npe ntawm txoj kev siv SPF algorithm. Hauv peb lub tswv yim, router A yuav tsim ib lub rooj rau nws tus kheej. Piv txwv li, nws suav cov nqi ntawm txoj kev A-R1 thiab txiav txim siab nws yog 10. Yuav kom daim duab qhia kev nkag siab yooj yim, xav tias router A txiav txim siab txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws rau router B. Tus nqi ntawm qhov txuas A-R1 yog 10. , qhov txuas A-R2 yog 100, thiab tus nqi ntawm txoj kev A-R3 yog sib npaug rau 11, uas yog, cov lej ntawm txoj kev A-R1(10) thiab R1-R3(1).
Yog tias router A xav tau mus rau router R4, nws tuaj yeem ua qhov no los ntawm txoj kev A-R1-R4 lossis raws txoj kev A-R2-R4, thiab ob qho tib si tus nqi ntawm txoj kev yuav zoo ib yam: 10 + 100 = 100 + 10 = 110. Txoj Kev A-R6 yuav raug nqi 100 + 1 = 101, uas yog qhov zoo dua. Tom ntej no, peb xav txog txoj hauv kev mus rau router R5 raws txoj kev A-R1-R3-R5, tus nqi yuav yog 10 + 1 + 100 = 111.
Txoj kev mus rau R7 tuaj yeem muab tso rau ntawm ob txoj kev: A-R1-R4-R7 lossis A-R2-R6-R7. Tus nqi ntawm thawj yuav yog 210, qhov thib ob - 201, uas txhais tau tias koj yuav tsum xaiv 201. Yog li, kom ncav cuag router B, router A tuaj yeem siv 4 txoj kev.
Tus nqi ntawm txoj kev A-R1-R3-R5-B yuav yog 121. Txoj Kev A-R1-R4-R7-B yuav raug nqi 220. Txoj Kev A-R2-R4-R7-B yuav raug nqi 210, thiab A-R2- R6-R7- B muaj tus nqi ntawm 211. Raws li qhov no, router A yuav xaiv txoj hauv kev nrog tus nqi qis tshaj, sib npaug ntawm 121, thiab muab tso rau hauv lub rooj routing. Nov yog daim duab yooj yim heev ntawm qhov SPF algorithm ua haujlwm li cas. Qhov tseeb, lub rooj tsis yog tsuas yog cov npe ntawm cov routers los ntawm qhov kev pom zoo khiav, tab sis kuj muaj cov npe ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj txuas rau lawv thiab tag nrho lwm cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog.
Cia peb saib lwm lub ntsiab lus uas muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog routing zones. Feem ntau, thaum teeb tsa lub tuam txhab OSPF cov khoom siv, lawv txhua tus nyob hauv ib cheeb tsam.
Yuav ua li cas yog tias lub cuab yeej txuas nrog R3 router dheev poob? Router R3 yuav tam sim ntawd pib xa xov mus rau routers R5 thiab R1 tias channel nrog cov cuab yeej no tsis ua haujlwm lawm, thiab txhua tus routers yuav pib pauv hloov tshiab txog qhov xwm txheej no.
Yog tias koj muaj 100 routers, lawv txhua tus yuav hloov kho cov ntaub ntawv txuas hauv xeev vim tias lawv nyob hauv tib cheeb tsam. Tib yam yuav tshwm sim yog tias ib qho ntawm cov routers nyob sib ze ua tsis tau - txhua yam khoom siv hauv cheeb tsam yuav pauv LSA hloov tshiab. Tom qab kev sib pauv ntawm cov lus no, lub network topology nws tus kheej yuav hloov. Thaum qhov no tshwm sim, SPF yuav suav rov qab cov lus qhia raws li qhov hloov pauv. Qhov no yog cov txheej txheem loj heev, thiab yog tias koj muaj ib txhiab khoom siv hauv ib cheeb tsam, koj yuav tsum tau tswj lub cim xeeb loj ntawm cov routers kom nws txaus los khaws tag nrho LSAs thiab qhov loj LSDB txuas lub xeev database. Sai li qhov kev hloov pauv tshwm sim hauv qee qhov ntawm thaj chaw, SPF algorithm tam sim ntawd rov xam cov kev. Los ntawm lub neej ntawd, LSA tau hloov kho txhua 30 feeb. Cov txheej txheem no tsis tshwm sim ntawm txhua yam khoom siv ib txhij, tab sis txawm li cas los xij, kev hloov kho tshiab tau ua los ntawm txhua tus router txhua 30 feeb. Cov khoom siv network ntau dua. Lub cim xeeb ntau dua thiab lub sijhawm nws siv los hloov kho LSDB.
Qhov teeb meem no tuaj yeem daws tau los ntawm kev faib ib cheeb tsam rau ntau thaj chaw sib cais, uas yog, siv ntau qhov chaw. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum muaj lub phiaj xwm lossis daim duab ntawm tag nrho lub network koj tswj hwm. AREA 0 yog koj cheeb tsam loj. Qhov no yog qhov chaw uas muaj kev sib txuas rau sab nraud network, piv txwv li, nkag mus rau hauv Internet. Thaum tsim cov cheeb tsam tshiab, koj yuav tsum ua raws li txoj cai: txhua cheeb tsam yuav tsum muaj ib qho ABR, Thaj Chaw Ciam Teb Router. Ib tug ntug router muaj ib tug interface nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam thiab ib tug thib ob interface nyob rau hauv lwm cheeb tsam. Piv txwv li, R5 router muaj qhov cuam tshuam hauv cheeb tsam 1 thiab cheeb tsam 0. Raws li kuv tau hais, txhua qhov chaw yuav tsum tau txuas nrog thaj chaw xoom, uas yog, muaj ib qho ntug router, ib qho ntawm nws cov interfaces txuas nrog AREA 0.
Cia peb xav tias qhov kev sib txuas R6-R7 tau ua tsis tiav. Hauv qhov no, LSA hloov tshiab yuav nthuav tawm tsuas yog dhau ntawm AREA 1 thiab yuav cuam tshuam rau thaj tsam no xwb. Cov khoom siv hauv thaj tsam 2 thiab thaj tsam 0 yuav tsis paub txog nws. Edge router R5 sau cov ntaub ntawv hais txog dab tsi tshwm sim hauv nws cheeb tsam thiab xa cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog lub xeev ntawm lub network mus rau thaj tsam loj AREA 0. Cov khoom siv hauv ib cheeb tsam tsis tas yuav tsum paub txog tag nrho LSA hloov pauv hauv lwm thaj chaw vim tias ABR router yuav xa cov lus qhia txog txoj hauv kev los ntawm ib cheeb tsam mus rau lwm qhov.
Yog tias koj tsis paub meej meej ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm thaj chaw, koj tuaj yeem kawm ntxiv hauv cov tshooj tom ntej thaum peb nkag mus rau hauv kev teeb tsa OSPF routing thiab saib qee qhov piv txwv.
Ua tsaug uas koj nyob nrog peb. Koj puas nyiam peb cov ntawv? Xav pom cov ntsiab lus nthuav ntxiv? Txhawb nqa peb los ntawm kev tso ib qho kev txiav txim lossis qhia rau cov phooj ywg, 30% luv nqi rau cov neeg siv Habr ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb analogue ntawm nkag-theem servers, uas tau tsim los ntawm peb rau koj: (muaj nrog RAID1 thiab RAID10, mus txog 24 cores thiab mus txog 40GB DDR4).
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Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com