Vim li cas cov pob ntawv tuaj yeem poob ntawm LAN? Muaj ntau txoj kev xaiv: qhov kev tshwj tseg tsis raug teeb tsa, lub network tsis tuaj yeem tiv nrog lub nra, lossis LAN yog "dhau los". Tab sis yog vim li cas tsis ib txwm dag nyob rau hauv lub network txheej.
Lub tuam txhab Arktek LLC ua automated txheej txheem tswj systems thiab video soj ntsuam systems rau Rasvumchorrsky mine ntawm Apatit JSC raws li .
Muaj teeb meem hauv ib feem ntawm lub network. Ntawm FL SWITCH 3012E-2FX keyboards - thiab FL SWITCH 3006T-2FX - kev sib txuas lus channel tsis ruaj khov heev.
Cov khoom siv tau txuas nrog lub tooj liab cable tso rau hauv ib lub channel rau 6 kV fais fab cable. Lub hwj chim cable tsim muaj zog electromagnetic teb, uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam. Cov kev lag luam kev hloov pauv tsis muaj suab nrov txaus tiv thaiv, yog li qee cov ntaub ntawv poob.
Thaum FL SWITCH 3012E-2FX keyboards tau teeb tsa ntawm ob qhov kawg - , kev sib txuas tau ruaj khov. Cov keyboards no ua raws li IEC 61850-3. Ntawm lwm yam, Tshooj 3 ntawm tus qauv no piav qhia txog qhov kev xav tau ntawm electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) rau cov khoom siv uas tau nruab rau hauv cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob thiab cov chaw nres tsheb.
Vim li cas cov keyboards nrog txhim kho EMC ua tau zoo dua?
EMC - cov kev cai dav dav
Nws hloov tawm hais tias kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kis tau tus mob ntawm LAN yog cuam tshuam tsis tsuas yog los ntawm qhov tseeb configuration ntawm cov cuab yeej thiab tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xa mus. Cov pob ntawv pov tseg lossis qhov hloov pauv tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm electromagnetic: lub xov tooj cua uas tau siv nyob ze ntawm cov khoom siv hauv lub network, lub zog hluav taws xob nyob ze, lossis lub zog hloov hluav taws xob uas qhib lub voj voog luv luv.
Lub xov tooj cua, cable thiab hloov yog qhov chaw ntawm electromagnetic cuam tshuam. Enhanced Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) keyboards yog tsim los ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj thaum raug kev cuam tshuam no.
Muaj ob hom electromagnetic cuam tshuam: inductive thiab ua.
Inductive cuam tshuam yog kis los ntawm electromagnetic teb "los ntawm huab cua". Qhov kev cuam tshuam no tseem hu ua radiated lossis radiated cuam tshuam.
Kev cuam tshuam cuam tshuam yog kis los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom: cov xov hlau, hauv av, thiab lwm yam.
Kev cuam tshuam inductive tshwm sim thaum raug hluav taws xob hluav taws xob lossis hluav taws xob sib nqus. Kev cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov hluav taws xob tam sim no, xob laim tawm tsam, pulses, thiab lwm yam.
Hloov, zoo li txhua yam khoom siv, tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm ob qho tib si inductive thiab ua suab nrov.
Cia peb saib ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm ib qho chaw ua lag luam, thiab qhov kev cuam tshuam dab tsi uas lawv tsim.
Qhov chaw ntawm kev cuam tshuam
Xov tooj cua emitting li (walkie-talkies, xov tooj ntawm tes, vuam khoom, induction furnaces, thiab lwm yam)
Txhua yam khoom siv tawm ib qho chaw electromagnetic. Qhov electromagnetic teb no cuam tshuam cov khoom siv ob qho tib si inductively thiab conductively.
Yog hais tias lub teb yog generated muaj zog txaus, nws muaj peev xwm tsim ib tug tam sim no nyob rau hauv tus neeg xyuas pib, uas yuav cuam tshuam lub teeb liab kis tau tus mob txheej txheem. Kev cuam tshuam muaj zog heev tuaj yeem ua rau cov cuab yeej kaw. Yog li, ib qho inductive nyhuv tshwm sim.
Cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov kev pabcuam kev nyab xeeb siv xov tooj ntawm tes thiab walkie-talkies los sib txuas lus. Cov xov tooj cua thiab cov xov tooj cua hauv xov tooj cua ua haujlwm ntawm cov chaw; Bluetooth thiab WiFi cov cuab yeej tau teeb tsa ntawm kev teeb tsa txawb.
Tag nrho cov khoom siv no yog cov tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob muaj zog. Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau ua haujlwm ib txwm nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig kev lag luam, cov keyboards yuav tsum muaj peev xwm zam qhov cuam tshuam ntawm electromagnetic.
Ib puag ncig electromagnetic yog txiav txim siab los ntawm lub zog ntawm electromagnetic teb.
Thaum kuaj qhov hloov mus rau qhov tsis kam mus rau qhov cuam tshuam inductive ntawm electromagnetic teb, qhov chaw ntawm 10 V / m yog induced ntawm qhov hloov. Hauv qhov no, qhov hloov pauv yuav tsum ua haujlwm tag nrho.
Txhua tus neeg xyuas pib hauv qhov hloov pauv, nrog rau txhua cov cables, yog cov kav hlau txais xov tsis tau txais. Xov tooj cua-emitting li tej zaum yuav ua rau electromagnetic cuam tshuam nyob rau hauv ntau zaus ntawm 150 Hz txog 80 MHz. Lub electromagnetic teb induces voltage nyob rau hauv cov conductors. Cov voltages nyob rau hauv lem ua rau tam sim no, uas tsim suab nrov nyob rau hauv lub hloov.
Txhawm rau ntsuas qhov hloov pauv rau kev tiv thaiv EMI, qhov hluav taws xob yog siv rau cov ntaub ntawv chaw nres nkoj thiab cov chaw nres nkoj fais fab. GOST R 51317.4.6-99 teeb tsa tus nqi hluav taws xob ntawm 10 V rau qib siab ntawm hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Hauv qhov no, qhov hloov pauv yuav tsum ua haujlwm tag nrho.
Tam sim no nyob rau hauv fais fab cables, fais fab kab, grounding circuits
Tam sim no nyob rau hauv fais fab cables, fais fab kab, thiab hauv av circuits tsim ib tug sib nqus teb ntawm industrial zaus (50 Hz). Kev cuam tshuam rau ib qho chaw sib nqus tsim ib qho tam sim no nyob rau hauv ib tug kaw neeg xyuas pib, uas yog cuam tshuam.
Lub zog zaus magnetic teb yog muab faib ua:
- magnetic teb ntawm qhov tsis tu ncua thiab tsis tshua muaj zog tshwm sim los ntawm cov tam sim no nyob rau hauv ib txwm ua hauj lwm tej yam kev mob;
- ib qho chaw sib nqus ntawm qhov kev siv siab heev tshwm sim los ntawm cov khoom siv tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej kub ntxhov, ua rau lub sijhawm luv luv kom txog thaum cov khoom siv tau tshwm sim.
Thaum kuaj cov keyboards rau kev ruaj ntseg ntawm qhov raug rau lub zog-frequency magnetic teb, thaj tsam ntawm 100 A / m yog siv rau nws ntev thiab 1000 A / m rau lub sijhawm ntawm 3 s. Thaum kuaj, cov keyboards yuav tsum ua haujlwm tag nrho.
Rau kev sib piv, lub qhov cub microwave hauv tsev ib txwm ua kom muaj zog sib nqus mus txog 10 A / m.
xob laim ntaus, tej xwm txheej ceev hauv hluav taws xob tes hauj lwm
xob laim tseem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv cov khoom siv hauv network. Lawv tsis kav ntev, tab sis lawv qhov loj tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau txhiab volts. Xws li kev cuam tshuam yog hu ua pulsed.
Pulse suab nrov tuaj yeem siv rau ob qho tib si hloov lub hwj chim chaw nres nkoj thiab cov ntaub ntawv chaw nres nkoj. Vim muaj qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dhau, lawv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv thiab hlawv tag nrho.
Ib qho hluav taws xob tawm tsam yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm lub suab nrov impulse. Nws tuaj yeem raug cais raws li lub zog siab microsecond mem tes suab nrov.
Kev tawm tsam xob laim tuaj yeem ua tau ntau yam: xob laim tawm mus rau sab nraud hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, kev tawm tsam tsis ncaj, tawm tsam rau hauv av.
Thaum xob laim tawm tsam ib qho hluav taws xob sab nraud, kev cuam tshuam tshwm sim vim qhov ntws tawm ntawm qhov hluav taws xob loj dhau los ntawm cov hluav taws xob sab nraud thiab hauv av.
Ib qho hluav taws xob tsis ncaj qha cuam tshuam yog suav tias yog xob laim tawm ntawm huab. Thaum muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo li no, electromagnetic teb raug tsim tawm. Lawv induce voltages los yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub conductors ntawm hluav taws xob system. Qhov no yog qhov ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam.
Thaum xob laim tawm hauv av, tam sim no ntws hauv av. Nws tuaj yeem tsim kom muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lub tsheb hauv av.
Raws nraim tib qho kev cuam tshuam yog tsim los ntawm kev hloov pauv cov txhab nyiaj capacitor. Qhov kev hloov pauv zoo li no yog kev hloov pauv hloov pauv. Txhua qhov hloov pauv hloov ua rau lub zog siab microsecond impulse suab nrov.
Kev hloov pauv sai hauv qhov hluav taws xob lossis tam sim no thaum cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv ua haujlwm kuj tuaj yeem ua rau lub suab nrov microsecond mem tes hauv cov circuits sab hauv.
Txhawm rau kuaj qhov hloov pauv rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub suab nrov mem tes, tshwj xeeb kuaj mem tes generators yog siv. Piv txwv li, UCS 500N5. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob no muab cov pulses ntawm ntau yam tsis tau mus rau qhov hloov chaw nres nkoj hauv kev sim. Pulse parameters nyob ntawm qhov kev sim ua. Lawv tuaj yeem sib txawv hauv cov duab mem tes, cov zis tsis kam, qhov hluav taws xob, thiab lub sijhawm raug.
Thaum kuaj microsecond pulse suab nrov tiv thaiv, 2 kV pulses yog siv rau cov chaw nres nkoj fais fab. Rau cov ntaub ntawv chaw nres nkoj - 4 kV. Thaum lub sij hawm qhov kev sim no, nws xav tias kev ua haujlwm yuav cuam tshuam, tab sis tom qab kev cuam tshuam ploj mus, nws yuav rov qab los ntawm nws tus kheej.
Hloov ntawm reactive loads, "bouncing" ntawm relay hu, hloov thaum rectifying alternating tam sim no
Ntau yam kev hloov pauv tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob: cuam tshuam ntawm inductive loads, qhib kev sib cuag relay, thiab lwm yam.
Xws li cov txheej txheem hloov pauv kuj tsim lub suab nrov impulse. Lawv lub sijhawm yog los ntawm ib nanosecond mus rau ib microsecond. Xws li lub suab nrov impulse hu ua nanosecond impulse suab.
Txhawm rau ua qhov kev sim, tawg ntawm nanosecond pulses raug xa mus rau cov keyboards. Pulses yog muab rau cov chaw nres nkoj fais fab thiab cov ntaub ntawv chaw nres nkoj.
Cov chaw nres nkoj fais fab tau muab nrog 2 kV pulses, thiab cov ntaub ntawv chaw nres nkoj tau muab nrog 4 kV pulses.
Thaum kuaj lub suab nrov nanosecond, cov keyboards yuav tsum ua haujlwm tag nrho.
Lub suab nrov los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv kev lag luam, cov ntxaij lim dej thiab cov cables
Yog tias qhov hloov pauv tau teeb tsa ze ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob xa hluav taws xob lossis cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, cov hluav taws xob tsis sib npaug yuav raug cuam tshuam rau hauv lawv. Xws li kev cuam tshuam yog hu ua kev cuam tshuam electromagnetic.
Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm kev cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm yog:
- fais fab kev faib tshuab, suav nrog DC thiab 50 Hz;
- khoom siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob.
Nyob ntawm qhov kev cuam tshuam, lawv tau muab faib ua ob hom:
- tsis tu ncua voltage thiab voltage nrog zaus ntawm 50 Hz. Short circuits thiab lwm yam kev cuam tshuam hauv kev faib khoom ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov tseem ceeb zaus;
- voltage nyob rau hauv zaus ntawm 15 Hz mus rau 150 kHz. Xws li kev cuam tshuam feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob.
Txhawm rau kuaj cov keyboards, lub zog thiab cov ntaub ntawv chaw nres nkoj tau muab nrog rms voltage ntawm 30V tsis tu ncua thiab rms voltage ntawm 300V rau 1 s. Cov nqi hluav taws xob no sib haum mus rau qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm GOST kev xeem.
Cov cuab yeej yuav tsum tiv taus cov kev cuam tshuam zoo li no yog tias nws tau teeb tsa hauv qhov hnyav electromagnetic ib puag ncig. Nws yog characterized los ntawm:
- cov khoom siv nyob rau hauv kev sim yuav txuas nrog cov hluav taws xob qis hluav taws xob thiab cov kab nruab nrab-voltage;
- cov khoom siv yuav txuas nrog rau hauv av ntawm cov khoom siv high-voltage;
- fais fab converters yog siv los txhaj cov tam sim no tseem ceeb rau hauv av.
Cov xwm txheej zoo sib xws tuaj yeem pom ntawm chaw nres tsheb lossis substations.
AC voltage rectification thaum them roj teeb
Tom qab rectification, cov zis voltage ib txwm pulsates. Ntawd yog, qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob hloov pauv hloov pauv lossis ntu ntu.
Yog tias cov keyboards tau siv los ntawm DC voltage, cov hluav taws xob loj loj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv.
Raws li txoj cai, txhua lub tshuab niaj hnub siv tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv cov lim dej tsis zoo thiab qib ntawm ripple tsis siab. Tab sis qhov xwm txheej hloov thaum cov roj teeb tau teeb tsa hauv lub zog hluav taws xob. Thaum them cov roj teeb, lub ripple nce.
Yog li ntawd, qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev cuam tshuam zoo li no kuj yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account.
xaus
Hloov nrog txhim kho electromagnetic compatibility tso cai rau koj hloov cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv hnyav electromagnetic ib puag ncig. Hauv qhov piv txwv ntawm Rasvumchorr mine thaum pib ntawm tsab xov xwm, cov ntaub ntawv cable tau raug rau lub zog muaj zog sib nqus teb thiab ua cuam tshuam hauv cov zaus band ntawm 0 txog 150 kHz. Cov kev lag luam kev hloov pauv tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv xa mus raws li cov xwm txheej zoo li no thiab cov pob ntawv tau ploj lawm.
Hloov nrog kev txhim kho electromagnetic compatibility tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau zoo thaum raug cuam tshuam nrog cov hauv qab no:
- xov tooj cua zaus electromagnetic teb;
- industrial zaus magnetic teb;
- nanosecond impulse suab nrov;
- high-zog microsecond mem tes suab nrov;
- ua cuam tshuam los ntawm xov tooj cua zaus electromagnetic teb;
- ua cuam tshuam nyob rau hauv ntau zaus ntawm 0 txog 150 kHz;
- DC fais fab mov voltage ripple.
Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com