Kev tso tawm beta Ubuntu 24.04

Qhov kev tso tawm beta ntawm qhov kev faib tawm tau raug tso tawm lawm Ubuntu 24.04 "Noble Numbat", tom qab ntawd tau ua tiav kev khov tag nrho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pob khoom, thiab cov neeg tsim khoom tau tsiv mus rau kev sim zaum kawg thiab kho cov kab laum. Kev tso tawm tau teem sijhawm rau lub Plaub Hlis 25. Ceg 24.04 tau muab faib ua kev txhawb nqa mus sij hawm ntev (LTS), uas cov kev hloov tshiab tau tsim tawm dhau lub sijhawm 12 xyoos (5 xyoos rau pej xeem, ntxiv rau 7 xyoos ntxiv rau cov neeg siv kev pabcuam). Ubuntu Pro). Cov duab xeem uas tau npaj tiav lawm tau tsim rau Ubuntu, Ubuntu Tus Neeg Pabcuam, Lubuntu, Kubuntu, Ubuntu Phooj ywg, Ubuntu Budgie, Ubuntu Studio, Xubuntu, UbuntuKylin (tsab ntawv Suav teb), Ubuntu Kev Koom Siab, Edubuntu и Ubuntu Cinnamon.

Cov kev hloov loj:

• Lub desktop tau hloov kho rau qhov kev tso tawm ntawm GNOME 46, uas tau ntxiv qhov kev tshawb fawb thoob ntiaj teb, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tus thawj tswj hwm thiab lub davhlau ya nyob twg emulators, ntxiv kev sim kev txhawb nqa rau VRR (Variable Refresh Rate) cov txheej txheem, txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau fractional scaling, nthuav dav. muaj peev xwm txuas mus rau cov kev pabcuam sab nraud, kho tshiab configurator thiab txhim kho kev ceeb toom. GTK siv lub cav rendering tshiab uas yog raws li Vulkan API. Cheese lub koob yees duab app tau hloov los ntawm GNOME Snapshot.
• Tub ntxhais Linux hloov kho rau version 6.8.
• Zoo ib yam li cov kev hloov pauv hauv Arch Linux thiab Fedora Linux, qhov sysctl parameter vm.max_map_count, uas txiav txim siab tus naj npawb siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov chaw cim xeeb uas muaj rau ib qho txheej txheem, tau raug nce ntxiv los ntawm lub neej ntawd los ntawm 65530 mus rau 1048576. Qhov kev hloov pauv txhim kho kev sib raug zoo nrog Windows- cov kev ua si uas tau tso tawm los ntawm Wine (piv txwv li, nrog rau tus nqi qub, DayZ, Hogwarts Legacy, Counter Strike 2, Star Citizen thiab THE FINALS tsis tau tso tawm), thiab daws qee qhov teeb meem kev ua tau zoo nrog cov ntawv thov uas siv nco ntau.
• Hloov tshiab versions ntawm GCC 14-pre, LLVM 18, Python 3.12, OpenJDK 21 (OpenJDK 8, 11 thiab 17 yog xaiv tau), Rust 1.76, Go 1.22, .NET 8, PHP 8.3.3, Ruby 3.2.3.
• Cov neeg siv hloov tshiab: Firefox 124 (tsim nrog Wayland kev txhawb nqa), LibreOffice 24.2, Thunderbird 115, Ardor 8.4.0, OBS Studio 30.0.2, Audacity 3.4.2, Kis 4.0, digiKam 8.2.0, Kdenlive 23.08.5, 5.2.2. .XNUMX.
• Subsystems hloov tshiab: Mesa 24.0.3, systemd 253.5, BlueZ 5.72, Cairo 1.18, NetworkManager 1.46, Pipewire 1.0.4, Poppler 24.02, xdg-desktop-portal 1.18.
• Cov pob khoom hloov kho neeg rau zaub mov: Nginx 1.24, Apache httpd 2.4.58, Samba 4.19, Exim 4.97, Clamav 1.0.0, Chrony 4.5, ntim 1.7.12, Django 4.2.11, Docker 24.0.7.FS2.3.21, Dovecot, 11.1 HAProxy 2.8.5, Kea DHCP 2.4.1, libvirt 10.0.0, NetSNMP 5.9.4, OpenLDAP 2.6.7, open-vm-tools 12.3.5, PostgreSQL 16.2, Runc 1.1.12, QEMU.Spas8.2.1, 4.0.0.m. .6.6, Squid 2.9.4, SSSD 2.1.6, Pacemaker 2024.1, OpenStack 19.2.0, Ceph 3.3.0, Openvswitch 24.03, Qhib Virtual Network XNUMX.
• Tus Thunderbird email tus neeg siv tam sim no tsuas yog los hauv snap hom. Lub Thunderbird DEB pob muaj ib lub pob rau kev txhim kho lub pob snap.
• Rau cov ntawv thov siv gnutls, kev txhawb nqa rau TLS 1.0, TLS 1.1, thiab DTLS 1.0 protocols, uas tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) peb xyoos dhau los, tau raug kaw. Ib qho kev hloov pauv zoo sib xws tau siv rau openssl hauv Ubuntu 20.04.
• Apparmor tau qhib los ntawm lub neej ntawd tso cai rau txhua daim ntawv thov nkag mus rau GnuTLS thiab OpenSSL lub tsev qiv ntawv teeb tsa cov ntaub ntawv. Yav dhau los, kev xaiv xaiv tau ua rau muaj teeb meem nyuaj rau kev kuaj mob vim tsis muaj qhov yuam kev tawm thaum cov ntaub ntawv teeb tsa tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus.
• Cov pob pptpd thiab bcrelay tau raug tshem tawm vim muaj teeb meem kev nyab xeeb thiab kev tsis txaus siab ntawm cov hauv paus codebases. Lub PAM module pam_lastlog.so, uas tsis daws qhov teeb meem 2038, kuj tau raug tshem tawm.
• Thaum tsim cov pob khoom, cov kev xaiv compiler tau qhib los ntawm lub neej ntawd ua rau kev siv qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov nyuaj. Hauv gcc thiab dpkg, "-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE = 3" hom yog qhib los ntawm lub neej ntawd, uas pom tau tias muaj peev xwm tsis tuaj yeem hla thaum ua haujlwm txoj hlua uas tau teev tseg hauv cov ntaub ntawv string.h header. Qhov sib txawv ntawm "_FORTIFY_SOURCE = 2" hom uas tau siv yav dhau los los rau kev kuaj xyuas ntxiv. Raws li kev xav, kev kuaj xyuas ntxiv tuaj yeem ua rau txo qis kev ua tau zoo, tab sis hauv kev xyaum, SPEC2000 thiab SPEC2017 kev xeem tsis pom qhov sib txawv thiab tsis muaj kev tsis txaus siab los ntawm cov neeg siv thaum lub sij hawm ntsuas qhov kev ua tau zoo.
• Ntxiv "-mbranch-protection=standard" chij rau dpkg kom muaj kev tiv thaiv kev tua ntawm ARM64 cov txheej txheem rau kev qhia cov txheej txheem uas yuav tsum tsis txhob faib rau (ARMv8.5-BTI - Ceg Lub Hom Phiaj Indicator). Kev thaiv kev hloov pauv mus rau qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm cov cai yog siv los tiv thaiv kev tsim cov khoom siv hauv kev siv uas siv cov txheej txheem rov qab los qhia txog kev ua haujlwm (ROP - Rov qab-Oriented Programming).
• Tus thawj tswj hwm pob APT tau hloov qhov tseem ceeb rau "pob hnab tshos" repository, uas ua ntej kuaj cov ntawv tshiab ntawm cov pob khoom ua ntej lawv tso tawm rau cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau cov pej xeem. Qhov kev hloov pauv yog txhawm rau txo qhov yuav tshwm sim ntawm kev teeb tsa tsis siv neeg hloov kho tsis ruaj khov, yog tias "pom zoo" chaw cia khoom tau qhib, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev tsis ua haujlwm. Tom qab ua kom lub "them lub hnab tshos", tag nrho cov kev hloov tshiab yuav tsis raug xa mus los ntawm nws, tab sis tus neeg siv yuav muaj peev xwm xaiv qhov hloov tshiab rau cov pob tsim nyog siv cov lus txib "apt install" / - npaj".
• Qhov kev pabcuam irqbalance, uas faib cov khoom siv kho vajtse cuam tshuam hla ntau lub CPU cores, tau raug tso tseg los ntawm lub neej ntawd. Tam sim no, cov txheej txheem faib khoom ntawm lub kernel tus kheej txaus rau feem ntau qhov xwm txheej. LinuxKev siv irqbalance tej zaum yuav raug cai nyob rau hauv qee qhov xwm txheej, tab sis tsuas yog tias tus thawj coj tau teeb tsa kom raug. Ntxiv mus, hauv qee qhov kev teeb tsa, irqbalance tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem, xws li thaum siv hauv cov txheej txheem virtualization, thiab tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev teeb tsa tes ntawm cov kev teeb tsa uas cuam tshuam rau kev siv hluav taws xob thiab latency.
• Kev teeb tsa network tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm kev tso tawm ntawm Netplan 1.0, uas khaws cov chaw teeb tsa hauv hom ntawv YAML thiab muab cov backends uas nkag mus rau kev teeb tsa abstract rau NetworkManager thiab systemd-networkd. Cov version tshiab ntxiv lub peev xwm los siv WPA2 thiab WPA3 tib lub sijhawm, ntxiv kev txhawb nqa rau Mellanox VF-LAG network devices nrog SR-IOV (Single-Root I/O Virtualization), thiab siv cov lus txib "netplan status --diff" rau kev soj ntsuam qhov sib txawv ntawm cov chaw teeb tsa tiag tiag thiab cov ntaub ntawv teeb tsa. Ubuntu Desktop muaj NetworkManager qhib ua qhov backend teeb tsa ua ntej.
• Tus neeg teeb tsa tau hloov kho dua tshiab ubuntu-desktop-installer, uas tam sim no tau tsim los ua ib feem ntawm qhov project loj dua ubuntu-desktop-provision thiab hloov npe mus rau ubuntu-desktop-bootstrap. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm qhov project tshiab yog cais tus installer ua cov theem ua ntej kev teeb tsa (disk partitioning thiab package copying) thiab thaum lub sijhawm thawj zaug khau raj (initial system configuration). Kev hloov pauv suav nrog kev txhim kho installer interface, ntxiv ib nplooj ntawv rau kev teev URL rau kev rub tawm cov ntawv sau installation (autoinstall.yaml), thiab lub peev xwm hloov pauv tus cwj pwm thiab tus qauv tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv teeb tsa. Kev txhawb nqa rau kev hloov kho tus installer nws tus kheej tau ntxiv: yog tias muaj version tshiab thaum ntxov hauv cov txheej txheem teeb tsa, kev ceeb toom kom hloov kho tus installer tam sim no tau tshwm sim.

  Tus installer kuj tseem qhia txog cov yam ntxwv ntxiv rau hauv qhov kev tso tawm dhau los. Ubuntu 23.10, xws li kev txhawb nqa rau ZFS cov ntaub ntawv system thiab lub peev xwm los encrypt disks yam tsis tas yuav muaj tus password qhib disk thaum khau raj, ua tsaug rau kev khaws cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb decryption hauv TPM (Trusted Platform Module).
• Active Directory Certificate Auto Enrollment (ADSys) raug qhib, uas tso cai rau kev tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj los ntawm cov kev pabcuam Active Directory thaum cov cai pab pawg raug qhib. Kev tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj tsis siv neeg ntawm Active Directory kuj siv tau thaum txuas rau cov tes hauj lwm wireless ntawm cov tuam txhab thiab VPN.
• Tus thawj tswj daim ntawv thov tshiab zoo dua Ubuntu App Center, sau ua lus Dart siv lub Flutter framework thiab cov txheej txheem responsive layout kom ntseeg tau tias nws ua haujlwm zoo rau ntawm txhua qhov loj me ntawm cov ntxaij vab tshaus. Ubuntu Lub Khw siv ib qho kev sib txuas ua ke rau kev ua haujlwm nrog DEB thiab Snap pob khoom (yog tias tib qho kev pab cuam tau ntim rau hauv ob qho tib si DEB thiab Snap hom ntawv, Snap raug xaiv los ntawm lub neej ntawd). Nws tso cai rau koj tshawb nrhiav thiab mus rau hauv snapcraft.io pob khoom catalog thiab txuas nrog DEB repositories, tswj kev teeb tsa, tshem tawm, thiab hloov kho cov ntawv thov, thiab teeb tsa cov pob khoom DEB ib tus zuj zus los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv zos. Lub app siv lub kaw lus ntsuas, hloov qhov ntsuas tsib-point nrog kev pov npav nyiam / tsis nyiam (+ 1 / -1), uas yog siv los tsim qhov ntsuas tsib-lub hnub qub virtual.

  Ubuntu Lub App Center hloov lub Snap Store interface qub. Piv rau Ubuntu Thaum Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj hnub tim 23.10, tau ntxiv ib pawg tshiab ntawm daim ntawv thov: Kev Ua Si (GNOME games tau raug tshem tawm ntawm qhov kev faib tawm). Ib lub interface sib cais rau kev hloov kho firmware, Firmware Updater, tau qhia, muaj rau cov kab ke raws li amd64 thiab arm64 architectures, tso cai rau kev hloov kho firmware yam tsis tas khiav tus thawj tswj hwm daim ntawv thov puv ntoob hauv keeb kwm yav dhau.

• Pob ntawv rau 32-ntsis Armhf architecture tau hloov dua siab tshiab los siv 64-ntsis time_t hom. Qhov kev hloov pauv tau cuam tshuam ntau dua ib txhiab pob. Cov yav tas los siv 32-ntsis time_t hom tsis tuaj yeem siv los tswj cov sij hawm tom qab lub Ib Hlis 19, 2038, vim yog cov dej ntws ntawm cov vib nas this txij thaum Lub Ib Hlis 1, 1970.
• Hloov kho cov rooj sib txoos rau Raspberry Pi 5 (neeg rau zaub mov thiab cov neeg siv) thiab StarFive VisionFive 2 (RISC-V) boards.
• В Ubuntu Cinnamon siv Cinnamon 6.0 ib puag ncig rau cov neeg siv nrog kev txhawb nqa thawj zaug rau Wayland.
• Hauv Xubuntu Kev xa khoom ntawm ib puag ncig raws li Xfce 4.18 tau txuas ntxiv mus.
• В Ubuntu Mate siv MATE 1.28 desktop ib puag ncig, uas tseem tsis tau tshaj tawm ua ntej.
• В Ubuntu Budgie siv Budgie 10.9 desktop ib puag ncig.
• Hauv Kubuntu KDE Plasma 5.27 txuas ntxiv xa khoom los ntawm lub neej ntawd. KDE 6 yuav muab rau lub caij nplooj zeeg tso tawm ntawm Kubuntu 24.10. Lub logo thiab xim tau hloov kho tshiab lawm.
• Hauv Lubuntu Tus installer raws li Calamares framework tau raug txhim kho. Ib nplooj ntawv tau raug ntxiv rau kev teeb tsa cov kev teeb tsa, xws li kev teeb tsa cov hloov tshiab muaj, kev teeb tsa codecs thiab cov tsav tsheb tshwj xeeb, thiab kev teeb tsa cov kev pab cuam ntxiv. Cov hom kev teeb tsa tsawg kawg nkaus, Tag Nrho, thiab Ib txwm tau raug ntxiv. Ib qho screen thawj zaug tau raug ntxiv, uas tso cai rau koj teeb tsa cov lus thiab kev sib txuas wireless network, nrog rau xaiv seb puas yuav tso tawm tus installer lossis hloov mus rau Live mode. Ib tug Bluetooth Manager thiab ib tug SDDM display manager settings editor tau raug ntxiv. Ib puag ncig desktop tau raug hloov kho rau LXQt 1.4.
• В Ubuntu Ntxiv cov cuab yeej siv hauv Studio Ubuntu Kev Teeb tsa Suab Studio los teeb tsa PipeWire.

Tau qhov twg los: opennet.ru