Β«"yog kev sib tw rau bachelors thiab masters ntawm humanities thiab technical specialties. Nws yog tsim los ntawm cov tuam txhab loj hauv Lavxias IT thiab lub tebchaws muaj zog tshaj plaws, suav nrog ITMO University. Niaj hnub no peb tab tom tham txog lub hom phiaj ntawm Olympiad thiab ob thaj chaw uas peb lub tsev kawm ntawv saib xyuas - "Cov Ntaub Ntawv Loj" thiab "Robotics" (txog qhov seem - hauv peb cov kev kawm tom ntej).
Yees duab: /unsplash.com
Ob peb lo lus hais txog Olympics
Lub hom phiaj. Ntsuam xyuas cov tub ntxhais kawm txoj kev paub thiab qhia lawv txog cov kev xav tau ntawm cov chaw ua haujlwm. Cov tub ntxhais kawm txhim kho hauv lawv qhov kev xaiv tshawb fawb, ua haujlwm hauv cov tuam txhab thoob ntiaj teb. Tus tswv hauj lwm kuj tau txais txiaj ntsig - nws tsis tas yuav rov sau npe rau cov kws paub tshwj xeeb thiab tos txais cov neeg ua haujlwm tshiab nrog cov kab lus: "Tsis nco qab txhua yam koj tau qhia hauv tsev kawm ntawv."
Vim li cas koom nrog? Cov yeej nkag mus rau hauv Lavxias teb sab universities yam tsis muaj kev xeem. Koj tuaj yeem tau txais kev xyaum ua haujlwm ntawm Yandex, Sberbank, IBS, Mail.ru thiab lwm lub tuam txhab loj. Xyoo tas los, muab los ntawm cov tuam txhab Lavxias ntau tshaj plaub puas tus neeg koom nrog zoo tshaj plaws. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tub ntxhais kawm uas tau ua pov thawj lawv tus kheej yuav tuaj yeem tuaj xyuas .
Leej twg koom? Cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm txhua qhov tshwj xeeb - technical, humanities thiab natural sciences. Ntxiv rau cov kawm tiav, cov tub ntxhais kawm tiav, cov neeg nyob hauv thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv txawv teb chaws.
Kev tshwm sim format. Koj tuaj yeem sau npe kom txog thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 18th. Cov theem tsim nyog hauv online yuav muaj txij lub Kaum Ib Hlis 22 txog Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 8, tab sis koj tuaj yeem hla nws yog tias koj ua tiav yam tsawg kawg ob . Cov yeej ntawm qhov kev tsim nyog yuav tau mus rau kev sib tw intramural ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv loj thoob plaws lub tebchaws, uas tau teem rau Lub Ib Hlis - Lub Peb Hlis. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm "Kuv yog Tus Kws Tshaj Lij" Olympiad yuav tshaj tawm rau lub Plaub Hlis .
Xyoo no Olympiad suav nrog 68 thaj chaw. ITMO University cov kws tshaj lij saib xyuas tsib ntawm lawv: "Photonics", "Information and Cyber ββββSecurity", "Programming and Information Technologies", as well as "Big Data" thiab "Robotics". Peb yuav qhia koj ntxiv txog ob qho kawg.
Cov ntaub ntawv loj
Qhov chaw no suav nrog tag nrho cov thev naus laus zis ntawm Big Data lub neej voj voog, suav nrog lawv cov khoom sau, khaws cia, ua, qauv thiab txhais lus. Cov neeg yeej yuav tuaj yeem nkag mus rau tus master's program hauv ITMO University yam tsis muaj kev xeem rau cov haujlwm: "Applied Mathematics thiab Informatics", "Digital Health", "Big Data Financial Technologies" thiab .
Cov neeg tuaj koom kuj tseem yuav muaj lub sijhawm los mus ua haujlwm hauv kev tshwj xeeb ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv engineer hauv cov tuam txhab koom tes. Cov no yog National Center for Cognitive Research, Mail.ru, Gazpromneft STC, Rosneft, Sberbank thiab ER-Telecom.
"Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, thaj tsam ntawm Cov Ntaub Ntawv Loj tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam. Cov thev naus laus zis rau thawj cov ntaub ntawv sau thiab khaws cia tau tsim, cov txheej txheem digital tshiab tau tshwm sim (hauv thaj tsam ntawm IoT thiab kev sib raug zoo) rau kev sau cov txheej txheem uas tsis tau pom dua, "cov lus hais Alexander Valerievich Bukhanovsky, tus thawj coj ITMO University. "Tam sim no, kev saib xyuas tsis yog tsuas yog yuav ua li cas los txhim kho cov txheej txheem khaws cia thiab siv cov ntaub ntawv, tab sis kuj tseem ua kom pom tseeb cov lus xaus thiab kev txiav txim siab, nrog rau tsim cov qauv kev kwv yees."
Cov hauj lwm yuav yog dab tsi? Pab neeg npaj lawv ITMO University. Lawv coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov tseeb hais tias ib tug Big Data tshwj xeeb yuav tsum muaj cov kev txawj ntse nyob rau hauv probability theory thiab lej zauv, nrog rau kev kawm tshuab. Muaj kev nkag siab txog cov laj thawj thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tshuab txawj ntse niaj hnub no thiab hais lus R, Java, Scala, Python (los yog lwm yam cuab yeej los daws cov teeb meem).
Hauv qab no peb muab piv txwv ntawm qhov teeb meem los ntawm ib qho ntawm cov theem ntawm Olympiad.
Piv txwv txoj haujlwm: Muaj 50 servers hauv pawg, nrog 12 muaj cores ntawm txhua tus. Cov peev txheej ntawm mappers thiab reducers yog redistributed dynamically (tsis muaj kev faib cov peev txheej nruj). Sau pes tsawg feeb MapReduce txoj hauj lwm uas yuav tsum tau 1000 mappers yuav khiav ntawm xws li ib pawg. Hauv qhov no, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm ib tus mapper yog 20 feeb. Yog tias koj tawm tsuas yog 1 tus reducer hauv txoj haujlwm, ces nws yuav ua tiav tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv hauv 1000 feeb. Cov lus teb raug lees txais raug rau ib qhov chaw decimal.
A. 44.6
B. 43.2
C. 41.6
D. 50.0Teb yog lawmC
Yuav npaj li cas. Koj tuaj yeem pib nrog cov peev txheej hauv qab no:
- . Nws tuaj yeem pab tau rau kev ua haujlwm ywj pheej nrog cov lej los daws teeb meem.
- . Cov hauj lwm tseem ceeb qhia tias yog vim li cas cov qauv probabilistic xav tau kev tsim lej xws li Ο-algebra.
- . Ib phau ntawv yooj yim thiab muaj txiaj ntsig uas qhia txog cov hauv paus ntawm kev suav lej ntawm cov xwm txheej tsis sib xws.
Muaj ntau phau ntawv muaj nyob rau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv txheeb cais rau ntau yam haujlwm. Lawv cov kws sau ntawv yooj yim tab sis piav qhia tau zoo ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev daws teeb meem thiab kev kwv yees lub sijhawm:
Cov lus nug
Cov ntaub ntawv tseem tuaj yeem pom hauv cov chav kawm thematic ntawm lub vev xaib Olympics.
Neeg hlau
Robotics muab cov kev qhuab qhia xws li algorithms, electronics thiab mechanics. Qhov kev taw qhia no yuav tsum raug xaiv los ntawm cov neeg uas twb kawm lossis npaj nkag mus rau tus master's thiab postgraduate programs hauv software engineering, siv mechanics, siv lej thiab computer science lossis electronic engineering. Cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv pov thawj tuaj yeem tso npe rau hauv cov kev pab cuam dawb "Β»,Β«"Thiab""ntawm peb lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab.
Cov hauj lwm yuav yog dab tsi? Master's thiab bachelor's cov tub ntxhais kawm daws cov haujlwm sib txawv. Txawm li cas los xij, txhua txoj haujlwm sim kev paub txog kev tswj hwm txoj kev xav, kev ua cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev ua qauv neeg hlau. Piv txwv li, cov neeg koom yuav raug nug kom kuaj xyuas qhov ruaj khov lossis kev tswj hwm ntawm lub kaw lus, xaiv cov qauv, lossis suav cov regulator coefficients.
"Peb yuav tsum tau daws qhov teeb meem ncaj qha lossis thim rov qab kinematics rau lub xov tooj ntawm tes lossis kev siv neeg hlau, ua haujlwm nrog Jacobian ntawm lub kaw lus thiab nrhiav kev ntsuas lub sijhawm nyob rau hauv cov pob qij txha nyob rau hauv ib qho kev thauj khoom sab nraud," hais tias Sergei Alekseevich Kolyubin, tus thawj coj. ntawm ITMO. "Yuav muaj cov haujlwm ua haujlwm - koj yuav tsum tau sau ib qho kev pab cuam me me rau kev ua qauv rau tus neeg hlau lossis kev npaj trajectories hauv Python lossis C ++."
Hauv qhov kawg, cov tub ntxhais kawm yuav tsum npaj cov neeg hlau los ua cov haujlwm los ntawm cov tuam txhab koom tes: Lavxias Railways, Diakont, KUKA, thiab lwm yam. Cov haujlwm muaj feem xyuam rau cov drones rau av thiab huab cua, nrog rau kev sib koom tes robots ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev sib cuag nrog lub cev. ib puag ncig. Cov qauv kev sib tw zoo ib yam . Ua ntej, cov tub ntxhais kawm ua haujlwm ntawm lub simulator, thiab tom qab ntawd ntawm cov khoom siv tiag tiag.
Tom ntej no, peb yuav xav txog ntau txoj hauv kev rau kev ua haujlwm hauv Robotics teb uas cov tub ntxhais kawm yuav ntsib. Nov yog cov piv txwv rau cov neeg thov rau master's programs:
Piv txwv txoj haujlwm #1: Lub tsheb kinematics neeg hlau txav nrog linear ceev v = 0,3 m / s. Lub kauj yog tig ntawm lub kaum sab xis w = 0,2 rad. Yog hais tias lub vojvoog ntawm tus neeg hlau lub log yog sib npaug rau r = 0,02 m, thiab qhov ntev thiab kev khiav ntawm tus neeg hlau yog sib npaug li L = 0,3 m thiab d = 0,2 m, ntsig txog, yuav ua li cas lub angular tshaj tawm ntawm txhua lub log tom qab w1 thiab w2, qhia hauv rad/s?
Sau koj cov lus teb rau hauv hom ntawm ob tus lej sib cais los ntawm qhov chaw, raug rau tus lej thib ob, suav nrog tus lej kos npe.Piv txwv txoj haujlwm #2: Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug kos npe rau ntawm astatism nyob rau hauv ib tug kaw system txheeb ze rau cov kev siv cuam tshuam, yog hais tias qhov kev soj ntsuam yog nqa tawm raws li lub structural daim duab ntawm lub system?
lub xub ntiag ntawm aperiodic txuas nyob rau hauv ib tug qhib Circuit Court;
lub xub ntiag ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev sib txuas txuas hauv lub voj qhib;
lub xub ntiag ntawm oscillatory thiab conservative txuas nyob rau hauv ib tug qhib Circuit Court.
Nov yog cov teeb meem rau cov neeg kawm tiav tsev kawm ntawv lossis chaw nyob:
Piv txwv txoj haujlwm #1: Daim duab qhia tau hais tias ib tug neeg hlau manipulator nrog redundant kinematics nrog 7 rotational pob qij txha. Daim duab qhia tau hais tias tus neeg hlau lub hauv paus kev tswj hwm qhov system {s} nrog y-axis vector perpendicular mus rau nplooj ntawv dav hlau, qhov kev sib koom ua ke {b} txuas nrog flange thiab collinear nrog {s}. Cov neeg hlau tau piav qhia nyob rau hauv ib qho kev teeb tsa uas lub angular coordinates ntawm txhua qhov txuas yog sib npaug rau 0. Lub helical axes rau xya kinematic khub tau pom hauv daim duab (zoo counterclockwise kev taw qhia). Cov axes ntawm cov pob qij txha 2, 4 thiab 6 yog co-directed, cov axes ntawm cov pob qij txha 1, 3 5 thiab 7 yog zoo tib yam rau cov axes ntawm thawj qhov kev sib koom ua ke ntawm lub hauv paus. Luas L1 = 0,34 m, L2 = 0,4 m, L3 = 0,4 m, and L4 = 0,15 m.
Piv txwv txoj haujlwm #2: Rau kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm kev ua haujlwm ib txhij hauv ib cheeb tsam thiab daim ntawv qhia (SLAM) algorithm rau mobile robots raws li cov ntxaij lim dej, cov neeg tsim khoom txiav txim siab siv lub log resampling resampling algorithm. Ntawm ib lub ntsiab lus hauv qhov kev ua haujlwm algorithm, ib qho piv txwv ntawm 5 "particles" nrog qhov hnyav w(1) = 0,5, w(2) = 1,2, w(3) = 1,5, w(4) = 1,0 tseem nyob hauv nco. w(5) = 0,8. Ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tus nqi ntawm tus qauv ua tau zoo ntawm qhov muab iteration yuav rov pib dua mechanism. Sau koj cov lus teb ua tus lej lej kom raug rau ib qhov chaw lej.
Yuav npaj li cas. Koj tuaj yeem ntsuas koj qhov kev paub thiab kev cia siab uas siv daim ntawv txheeb xyuas. Cov neeg koom nrog hauv Robotics loj yuav tsum:
- Paub cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua qauv neeg hlau, cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov sensors niaj hnub no thiab cov txheej txheem kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv xav tau.
- Paub thiab muaj peev xwm siv tau rau hauv txoj kev xyaum thiab algorithms rau kev npaj trajectory thiab kev tswj tsis siv neeg, nrog rau kev ua cov ntaub ntawv xav tau.
- Muaj kev txawj ntse hauv cov txheej txheem thiab cov phiaj xwm taw qhia. Muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm hauv kev tsim kho ib puag ncig rau cov tshuab robotic.
- Paub cov hauv paus ntsiab lus, cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab xam zauv, tsav thiab sensors ntawm cov neeg hlau niaj hnub. Muaj kev txawj los npaj thiab teeb tsa kev sim.
Txhawm rau "tighten" ib qho ntawm cov cheeb tsam, koj tuaj yeem xyuam xim rau . Qee qhov teeb meem los ntawm yav dhau los Olympiads tau tham nyob ntawd. Kuj tseem muaj cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb, piv txwv li:
Ntau phau ntawv
Thiab cov chav kawm online ntawm Openedu, Coursera thiab Edx
Cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv ntawm Olympiad:
Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com