Tus thawj coj ntawm lub tuam txhab kev txhim kho kev them nqi muaj ob txoj hauv kev los tsim ib pab neeg. Thawj qhov yog los nrhiav cov "cov neeg laus" npaj txhij thiab txuas ntxiv tsim cov haujlwm no kom lawv siv lawv cov kev txawj thiab kev paub dhau los, txhim kho thiab tib lub sijhawm tsis txhob sib ntaus. Qhov thib ob yog tsim ib pab neeg los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov neeg tuaj tshiab, nruab nrab thiab cov neeg muaj txiaj ntsig, kom lawv sib txuas lus, cuam tshuam rau ib leeg, kawm thiab loj hlob hauv lub tuam txhab. Kuv tawm tsam lub voj voog vicious a la "tsis muaj kev paub - tsis muaj haujlwm - tsis muaj kev paub" thiab kuv tsis pom muaj teeb meem hauv kev ntiav tus neeg tsim tawm tshiab. Forward Telecom tau ntev tau muaj kev xyaum ua haujlwm, uas tau dhau los ua haujlwm ua haujlwm rau ntau tus neeg ua haujlwm tam sim no.
Tam sim no kuv yuav qhia koj li cas kuv pom txoj hauv kev txhim kho ntawm tus tsim tawm nqi, thiab nyob rau theem twg koj yuav tsum paub cov txuj ci kev tshaj lij.
1. Kawm ib hom lus programming
Rau pib, leej twg. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog Java, Python thiab JavaScript, tab sis Ruby, Mus, C, C ++ yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev nkag siab yooj yim. Yuav qhia li cas? Siv cov kev kawm them nyiaj thiab pub dawb; Kuv tuaj yeem pom zoo kev cob qhia los ntawm Golang. Yog tias koj qib lus Askiv tso cai, saib cov yeeb yaj kiab txawv teb chaws yog qhov kev txawj ntxiv zoo.
2. Nkag siab txog cov ntsiab lus OS
Kev khiav hauj lwm systems yog raws li xya yam uas koj yuav tsum paub thiab muaj peev xwm piav qhia txog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm:
- Kev tswj cov txheej txheem;
- Xov thiab multithreaded code;
- Qhov (socket) software interface;
- Kev xa tawm I / O;
- Virtualization;
- Cia;
- Cov ntaub ntawv systems.
Kuv pom zoo kom kawm cov kev tswj hwm Linux yooj yim. Qhov thib ob operating systems nyob rau hauv kab yog Windows thiab Unix.
3. Tau siv lub davhlau ya nyob twg
Los ntawm kev sib piv nrog cov phobia ntawm ib daim ntawv dawb paug, muaj phobia ntawm ib qho screen dub dawb nrog tus cursor blinking. Koj yuav tsum kov yeej nws kom kawm paub sau cov lus txib zoo ntawm kab hais kom ua.
Yuav tsum paub:
- Bash thiab KornShell plhaub;
- Cov lus txib nrhiav, grep, awk, sed, lsof;
- Network commands nslookup thiab netstat.
4. Network thiab kev ruaj ntseg
Kev them nqi yog ze ze rau lub network thiab kev tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv. Koj tsis tuaj yeem sau cov kev pabcuam hauv online yam tsis nkag siab tias lub network ua haujlwm li cas, yog li koj yuav tsum kawm cov ntsiab lus thiab cov txheej txheem: DNS, OSI qauv, HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, SSL, TLS. Tom qab ntawd, thaum koj ntsib qhov yuam kev Connection Refused, koj yuav paub yuav ua li cas.
5. Cov servers
Tom qab kawm txog cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev xa cov ntaub ntawv hauv lub network, koj tuaj yeem pib lub hauv paus ntawm kev ua haujlwm server. Pib nrog web servers: IIS, Apache, Nginx, Caddy thiab Tomcat.
Tom ntej no ntawm daim ntawv:
- Rov qab tso npe;
- Tsis qhia npe npe;
- Caching;
- Load ntsuas;
- Firewall.
6. Kawm infrastructure raws li cov cai
Kuv ntseeg tias theem no yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Koj yuav tsum nkag siab peb lub ntsiab lus dav:
- Ntim: Docker thiab Kubernetes
- Cov cuab yeej tswj kev teeb tsa: Ansible, Kws ua zaub mov, ntsev thiab Puppet
- Thaub qab: Terraform, huab.
7. Kawm CI/CD
Lwm cov txuj ci tseem ceeb rau tus tsim tawm kev them nqi yog tuaj yeem teeb tsa lub raj xa mus rau kev sib koom ua ke thiab xa khoom mus tas li. Hauv cheeb tsam CI/CD muaj cov cuab yeej xws li Jenkins, TeamCity, Drone, Circle CI thiab lwm yam. Spoiler: kawm cov dav siv Jenkins yuav txaus thaum xub thawj.
8. Software thiab infrastructure tswj
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog kom nkag siab txog cov hauv paus ntawm kev saib xyuas daim ntawv thov. Cov cuab yeej hauv cheeb tsam no tau muab faib ua peb pawg:
- Infrastructure xyuas: Nagios, Icinga, Datadog, Zabbix, Monit.
- Kev soj ntsuam kev ua haujlwm ntawm daim ntawv thov: AppDynanic, New Relic.
- LMS: ELK Stack, Greylog, Splunk, Papertrail.
9. Cov kev pabcuam huab
Nyob rau yav tom ntej, txhua daim ntawv thov lossis software yuav muaj huab sib piv. Tsis ntev los sis tom qab, cov neeg tsim khoom ntsib huab, yog li nyeem cov neeg muab kev pabcuam huab nrov (AWS, Google Cloud, thiab Azure) thiab cov hauv paus ntawm cov thev naus laus zis.
10. Ua haujlwm nrog cov ntaub ntawv
Txhua qhov haujlwm tam sim no siv cov ntaub ntawv, thiab kev paub nrog DBMS thiab SQL yuav ua kom yooj yim pib. Kawm sau SQL queries, siv piav qhia thiab kawm seb qhov Performance index ua haujlwm li cas. Txoj kev yooj yim tshaj yog mus kawm ib hoob. Koj tuaj yeem xyaum koj cov ntaub ntawv Postgres thiab ua si nrog kev rov ua dua.
11. Txhim kho koj cov kev txawj ntse
Ib qho kev npaj txhij txog tawm-ntawm-tus-zoo li qub, tab sis tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb tsawg. Pib nrog, ua siab ntev. Koj tau siv sai sai rau cov xwm txheej zoo li "kho koj cov hlau, koj yog tus programmer," tab sis koj yuav tsum tau npaj siab rau lub sijhawm kawg rau kev tsim cov haujlwm tshiab. Yog tias koj nyob ntawm xoom mus rau ib xyoos hauv kev ua haujlwm thiab raug suav tias yog Junior, npaj rau kev thuam thiab kawm kom lees txais nws, kev tshuaj xyuas los ntawm tus kws cob qhia feem ntau yog cov txheej txheem mob. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, kev txawj ntse uas yuav tsum tau muaj yog lub peev xwm los tiv thaiv ib tus neeg qhov kev xav thiab sib cav tswv yim; qee zaum qhov tseeb yog yug los ntawm kev sib cav. Cov neeg tsim khoom yeej tsis tso tseg kev kawm, tsis muaj qhov ua tau zoo hauv kev ua haujlwm, yog li kev kawm muaj peev xwm thiab kev xav tau los kawm yam tshiab yog lub hauv paus ntawm koj txoj kev loj hlob.
Kuv feem ntau nug thaum tus pib mus txog theem nrab, thiab thaum twg nws tuaj yeem khav tau hu ua "senior". Kuv ntseeg tias lub sijhawm ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm qib mus rau qib tsis yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov xyoo ua haujlwm, txawm hais tias kev txawj ntse yog qhov tseem ceeb. Nws yog cov kev txawj ntse uas feem ntau txiav txim siab qhov ceev ntawm tus tsim tawm txoj kev loj hlob: tus neeg pib kawm thiab ua haujlwm hnyav tuaj yeem sau cov lej zoo hauv ntau hom lus thiab tuaj yeem ua haujlwm hauv pab pawg hauv ob peb lub hlis xwb. Tus tsim tawm nrog 10 xyoo kev paub dhau los yuav tsis tuaj yeem daws cov teeb meem tsis zoo, tswj hwm pab pawg, thiab muaj kev txawj ntse ib leeg.
Qhov no yog li cas kuv pom txoj kev txhim kho ntawm tus tsim tawm nqi, qhov no yog qhov peb loj hlob cov kws tshaj lij hauv peb pab pawg Forward Telecom. Zoo li tsis muaj dab tsi ploj lawm, tab sis kuv ib txwm ua tsaug rau kev pab ntxiv rau lub ntsiab lus.
Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com