GNU Guix 1.0 tus thawj tswj pob thiab GuixSD raws li kev faib tawm muaj

coj qhov chaw pob tus thawj tswj tso tawm GNU Guix 1.0 thiab cov khoom siv faib khoom GuixSD GNU/Linux (Guix System Distribution) ua rau nws lub hauv paus. Ib qho kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv tus lej version yog vim qhov ua tiav ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm txhua qhov hom phiajteem los tsim ib tug landmark tso. Qhov kev tso tawm tau suav txog xya xyoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov project thiab suav tias yog npaj rau kev siv txhua hnub. Rau kev thauj khoom tsim dluab rau kev teeb tsa ntawm USB Flash (243 Mb) thiab siv hauv virtualization systems (474 ​​​​Mb). Ua haujlwm tau txais kev txhawb nqa ntawm i686, x86_64, armv7 thiab aarch64 architectures.

Cov khoom siv faib tso cai rau kev teeb tsa ob qho tib si li standalone OS nyob rau hauv virtualization systems, nyob rau hauv ntim thiab nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv pa, thiab tua tawm nyob rau hauv twb tau nruab GNU/Linux distributions, ua raws li lub platform rau deploying daim ntaub ntawv. Tus neeg siv tau muab cov haujlwm xws li kev suav nyiaj, rov ua dua, ua haujlwm tsis muaj hauv paus, rov qab mus rau yav dhau los versions thaum muaj teeb meem, kev tswj hwm kev teeb tsa, ib puag ncig cloning (tsim ib daim qauv ntawm software ib puag ncig ntawm lwm lub khoos phis tawj), thiab lwm yam.

ntsiab kev tsim kho tshiab:

• Ntxiv tshiab sib tham sib installer, uas ua haujlwm hauv hom ntawv;
  

• Npaj ib daim duab tshiab rau cov tshuab virtual, haum rau ob qho tib si rau kev paub txog cov khoom siv faib khoom thiab tsim cov chaw ua haujlwm rau kev txhim kho;
• Ntxiv cov kev pabcuam tshiab tshiab khob-pk-tus pab, imap4d, inputattach, localed, nslcd, zabbix-tus neeg saib xyuas thiab zabbix-server;
• Hloov kho software versions hauv 2104 pob, ntxiv 1102 pob tshiab. suav nrog cov hloov tshiab ntawm clojure 1.10.0, khob 2.2.11, emacs 26.2, gcc 8.3.0, gdb 8.2.1, ghc 8.4.3,
  gimp 2.10.10, glibc 2.28, gnome 3.28.2, gnupg 2.2.15, mus 1.12.1,
  guile 2.2.4, icecat 60.6.1-guix1, icedtea 3.7.0, inkscape 0.92.4,
  libreoffice 6.1.5.2, linux-libre 5.0.10, mate 1.22.0, ocaml 4.07.1,
  octave 5.1.0, openjdk 11.28, python 3.7.0, xeb 1.34.0, r 3.6.0,
  sbcl 1.5.1, shepherd 0.6.0, xfce 4.12.1 thiab xorg-server 1.20.4;

• GNU Shepherd tus thawj tswj kev pabcuam tau hloov kho rau version 0.6, uas siv cov kev pabcuam txhaj tshuaj ib zaug, nyob rau hauv qhov kev pabcuam raug cim tias nres tam sim ntawd tom qab kev tso tawm tiav, uas yuav tsum tau pib ua haujlwm ib zaug ua ntej lwm cov kev pabcuam, piv txwv li, ua haujlwm tu lossis pib;
• Ntxiv "nruab", "tshem tawm", "upgrade", thiab "search" aliases typical of other package managers to the "guix package" command. Txhawm rau nrhiav ib pob, koj tuaj yeem siv "guix search" hais kom ua, txhawm rau nruab "guix install", thiab txhim kho "guix rub" thiab "guix upgrade";
• Ntxiv qhov taw qhia kev nce qib mus rau tus thawj tswj pob thiab qhia txog cov lus kuaj mob nrog cov xim. Los ntawm lub neej ntawd, feem ntau cov lus txib tam sim no khiav tsis muaj verbosity, uas yog qhib los ntawm kev xaiv "-v" (--verbosity);
• Cov lus txib tshiab "guix system delete-generations" thiab cov kev xaiv "guix pob --txuag-provenance", "guix rub --news", "guix ib puag ncig --preserve", "guix gc --list-roots", "guix gc --delete-generations", "guix weather -coverage";
• Ntxiv cov kev xaiv tshiab pob kev hloov pauv "--with-git-url" thiab "--with-branch";
• Kev faib tawm ntxiv cov kev teeb tsa "keyboard-layout" los txhais cov keyboard layout, "xorg-configuration" los teeb tsa X server, "label" los sau cov ntu, thiab "qhov tseem ceeb-kev pabcuam" los txhais cov kev pabcuam yooj yim;
• Ntxiv "guix pob -RR" cov lus txib los tsim cov tarballs uas tuaj yeem khiav tau txheeb ze rau ob qho tib si usernamespace paths thiab PRoot;
• 'guix rub' muab lub pob cache kom ceev lub npe nrhiav thiab embeds 'glibc-utf8-locales' pob;
• Xyuas kom tag nrho rov ua dua (ntsis rau me ntsis) ntawm ISO cov duab tsim los ntawm "guix system" hais kom ua;
• GDM yog siv los ua tus thawj tswj kev nkag tsis siv SLiM;
• Kev them nyiaj yug rau lub tsev Guix siv Guile 2.0 tau poob lawm.

Nco qab tias GNU Guix tus thawj tswj pob yog raws li kev txhim kho ntawm qhov project nix ib thiab ntxiv rau cov kev tswj hwm pob zoo li qub, nws txhawb nqa cov yam ntxwv xws li kev hloov pauv hloov tshiab, muaj peev xwm yob rov qab hloov tshiab, ua haujlwm yam tsis tau txais cov cai tswj hwm tus neeg siv khoom, kev txhawb nqa rau cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam nrog cov neeg siv, muaj peev xwm los teeb tsa ob peb lub versions ntawm ib qho kev pab cuam, cov cuab yeej sau cov khib nyiab (txhais tau thiab tshem tawm cov ntawv tsis siv ntawm cov pob khoom ). Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas daim ntawv thov tsim cov ntawv sau thiab cov cai ntim khoom, nws tau thov kom siv cov lus tshwj xeeb qib siab sau npe tshwj xeeb thiab Guile Scheme API cov khoom uas tso cai rau koj ua txhua yam kev tswj hwm pob hauv Scheme functional programming language.

Lub peev xwm los siv cov pob khoom npaj rau Nix pob tus thawj tswj hwm thiab muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw khaws cia tau txais kev txhawb nqa
Nixpkgs. Ntxiv nrog rau kev ua haujlwm pob, koj tuaj yeem tsim cov ntawv sau los tswj cov ntawv thov kev teeb tsa. Thaum lub pob tsim, tag nrho cov kev cuam tshuam cuam tshuam tau raug rub tawm thiab tsim. Nws yog ua tau ob qho tib si mus download tau npaj txhij-ua binary pob los ntawm lub repository, thiab tsim los ntawm qhov chaw nrog tag nrho cov dependencies. Cov cuab yeej siv los khaws cov qauv ntawm cov khoos phis tawj uas tau teeb tsa mus txog hnub los ntawm kev teeb tsa kev teeb tsa kev hloov kho tshiab los ntawm qhov chaw cia sab nraud.

Kev tsim ib puag ncig rau cov pob khoom yog tsim los ua ib lub thawv uas muaj tag nrho cov khoom tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntawv thov, uas tso cai rau koj los tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm cov pob khoom uas tuaj yeem ua haujlwm yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lub hauv paus system ib puag ncig ntawm kev faib khoom, uas Guix yog siv raws li ib tug add-on. Dependencies tuaj yeem txiav txim siab ntawm cov pob khoom Guix los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov cim hash nyob rau hauv cov npe ntawm cov pob khoom uas tau teeb tsa kom pom qhov muaj ntawm cov khoom siv uas twb tau teeb tsa lawm. Cov pob khoom tau nruab rau hauv ib qho kev sib cais ntawm tsob ntoo lossis subdirectory hauv cov neeg siv cov npe, uas tso cai rau nws los koom nrog lwm tus neeg tswj hwm pob thiab muab kev txhawb nqa rau ntau yam kev faib tawm uas twb muaj lawm. Piv txwv li, ib pob raug teeb tsa raws li /nix/store/f42d5878f3a0b426064a2b64a0c6f92-firefox-66.0.0/ qhov "f42d58 ..." yog tus cim pob tshwj xeeb siv los tswj kev nyob.

Kev faib khoom suav nrog tsuas yog cov khoom pub dawb xwb thiab tuaj nrog GNU Linux-Libre kernel stripped ntawm cov khoom tsis pub dawb binary firmware. GCC 8.3 yog siv los tsim. Tus neeg saib xyuas kev pabcuam yog siv los ua qhov pib ua haujlwm GNU Shepherd (ua dmd) tsim los ua lwm txoj hauv kev rau SysV-init nrog kev txhawb nqa. Cov tswj daemon thiab Shepherd utilities yog sau ua lus Guile (ib qho ntawm kev siv cov lus Scheme), uas kuj yog siv los txhais cov kev pabcuam pib ua haujlwm. Lub hauv paus duab txhawb console hom, tab sis rau nruab npaj 9714 cov pob khoom ua ntej, suav nrog X.Org-raws li cov duab kos duab, dwm thiab ratpoison qhov rais tswj hwm, Xfce desktop, thiab xaiv cov ntawv thov duab.

Tau qhov twg los: opennet.ru