Ua ntej hauv blog peb tau sau txog yuav ua li cas e-phau ntawv tawm tswv yim tshwm sim ΠΈ .
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm tsab xov xwm niaj hnub no yog EPUB.
Daim duab: / CC los ntawm
Keeb kwm ntawm hom ntawv
Nyob rau hauv lub 90s, lub lag luam e-phau ntawv yog dominated los ntawm proprietary kev daws teeb meem. Thiab ntau e-nyeem ntawv manufacturers muaj lawv tus kheej hom. Piv txwv li, NuvoMedia siv cov ntaub ntawv nrog .rb txuas ntxiv. Cov no yog ntim nrog cov ntaub ntawv HTML thiab cov ntaub ntawv .info uas muaj cov ntaub ntawv metadata. Cov xwm txheej no nyuaj rau cov neeg tshaj tawm txoj haujlwm - lawv yuav tsum tau sau cov phau ntawv rau txhua hom ntawv sib cais. Ib pawg engineers los ntawm Microsoft, uas twb tau hais txog NuvoMedia thiab SoftBook Xovxwm tau lees paub los kho qhov xwm txheej.
Thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, Microsoft tab tom yuav kov yeej lub lag luam e-phau ntawv thiab tab tom tsim daim ntawv thov e-nyeem ntawv rau Windows 95. Peb tuaj yeem hais tias kev tsim cov qauv tshiab yog ib feem ntawm IT loj loj lub tswv yim ua lag luam.
Yog tias peb tham txog NuvoMedia, lub tuam txhab no suav hais tias yog cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm thawj tus nyeem ntawv hluav taws xob loj . Lub cim xeeb sab hauv ntawm lub cuab yeej tsuas yog yim megabytes, thiab lub roj teeb lub neej tsis tshaj 40 teev. Raws li rau SoftBook Xovxwm, lawv kuj tau tsim cov ntawv nyeem hluav taws xob. Tab sis lawv cov khoom siv muaj qhov tshwj xeeb - lub modem built-in - nws tso cai rau koj rub tawm cov ntaub ntawv digital ncaj qha los ntawm SoftBookstore.
Thaum pib ntawm XNUMXs, ob lub tuam txhab - NuvoMedia thiab SoftBook - tau yuav los ntawm lub tuam txhab xov xwm Gemstar thiab koom ua ke rau hauv Gemstar eBook Group. Lub koom haum no txuas ntxiv muag cov neeg nyeem tau ntau xyoo (piv txwv li, ) thiab cov phau ntawv digital, txawm li cas los xij hauv xyoo 2003 .
Tab sis cia peb rov qab mus rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ib tus qauv. Xyoo 1999, Microsoft, NuvoMedia thiab SoftBook Xovxwm tau tsim lub Rooj Sib Tham Qhib eBook, uas tau pib ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg uas cim qhov pib ntawm EPUB. Keeb kwm OEBPS (sawv rau Qhib EBook Tshaj Tawm Qauv). Nws ua rau nws muaj peev xwm faib cov ntawv tshaj tawm digital hauv ib cov ntaub ntawv (ZIP archive) thiab ua kom yooj yim rau kev hloov cov phau ntawv ntawm cov khoom siv sib txawv.
Tom qab ntawd, IT tuam txhab Adobe, IBM, HP, Nokia, Xerox thiab tshaj tawm McGraw Hill thiab Time Warner tau koom nrog Open eBook Forum. Ua ke lawv txuas ntxiv txhim kho OEBPS thiab txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv digital ecosystem tag nrho. Nyob rau hauv 2005, lub koom haum tau renamed lub International Forum for Digital Publishing, los yog .
Xyoo 2007, IDPF tau hloov lub npe ntawm OEBPS hom rau EPUB thiab pib tsim nws thib ob version. Nws tau nthuav tawm rau pej xeem hauv xyoo 2010. Cov khoom tshiab yuav luag tsis txawv ntawm nws cov thawj coj, txawm li cas los xij vector graphics thiab built-in fonts.
Los ntawm lub sijhawm no, EPUB tau dhau los ua lag luam thiab dhau los ua tus qauv qub rau ntau tus tshaj tawm thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Cov hom ntawv twb tau siv los ntawm O'Reilly thiab Cisco Xovxwm, ntxiv rau nws tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm Apple, Sony, Barnes & Noble, thiab ONYX BOOX li.
Xyoo 2009, Google Books project txog EPUB kev txhawb nqa - nws tau siv los faib ntau tshaj li ib lab phau ntawv pub dawb. Hom ntawv tau pib muaj koob meej ntawm cov kws sau ntawv. Xyoo 2011, JK Rowling tso lub vev xaib Pottermore thiab ua kom nws tsuas yog qhov muag ntawm Potter cov phau ntawv hauv cov ntawv digital.
EPUB tau raug xaiv los ua tus qauv rau kev faib cov ntaub ntawv, feem ntau vim nws muaj peev xwm los siv kev tiv thaiv luam (). Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv tus kws sau ntawv lub khw online kom deb li deb .
Qhov thib peb version ntawm EPUB hom tau tso tawm nyob rau hauv 2011. Cov neeg tsim khoom tau ntxiv lub peev xwm los ua haujlwm nrog cov ntaub ntawv audio thiab video thiab cov lus hauv qab. Niaj hnub no tus qauv txuas ntxiv mus - hauv 2017 IDPF ib feem ntawm W3C consortium, uas siv cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis rau World Wide Web.
Yuav ua li cas EPUB ua haujlwm
Ib phau ntawv hauv EPUB hom ntawv yog ZIP archive. Nws khaws cov ntawv ntawm kev tshaj tawm hauv daim ntawv XHTML lossis HTML nplooj ntawv lossis PDF cov ntaub ntawv. Cov ntaub ntawv tseem muaj cov ntsiab lus tawm (suab, yees duab lossis duab), fonts thiab metadata. Nws kuj tseem yuav muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv nrog CSS hom lossis -cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov ntaub ntawv rau cov kev pabcuam tsim kev hais lus.
XML markup yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev nthuav tawm cov ntsiab lus. Fragment ntawm ib phau ntawv nrog embedded suab thiab duab :
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html
epub_prefix="media: http://idpf.org/epub/vocab/media/#">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/shared-culture.css" />
</head>
<body>
<section class="base">
<h1>the entire transcript</h1>
<audio id="bgsound" epub_type="media:soundtrack media:background"
src="../audio/asharedculture_soundtrack.mp3" autoplay="" loop="">
<div class="errmsg">
<p>Your Reading System does not support (this) audio</p>
</div>
</audio>
<p>What does it mean to be human if we don't have a shared culture? What
does a shared culture mean if we can't share it? It's only in the last
100, or 150 years or so, that we started tightly restricting how that
culture gets used.</p>
<img class="left" src="../images/326261902_3fa36f548d.jpg"
alt="child against a wall" />
</section>
</body>
</html>
Ntxiv nrog rau cov ntsiab lus cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia muaj cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb navigation (Navigation Document). Nws piav qhia txog kev npaj cov ntawv thiab cov duab hauv ib phau ntawv. Cov ntawv thov nyeem ntawv nkag mus rau nws yog tias tus nyeem ntawv xav "hla" hla ntau nplooj ntawv.
Lwm cov ntaub ntawv xav tau hauv archive yog pob. Nws suav nrog metadata - cov ntaub ntawv hais txog tus sau, tus tshaj tawm, lus, lub npe, thiab lwm yam. Nws kuj tseem suav nrog cov npe (tus txha caj qaum) ntawm ntu ntu ntawm phau ntawv. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pob tuaj yeem pom .
Zoo
Qhov zoo ntawm hom ntawv yog nws qhov yooj. EPUB tso cai rau koj los tsim cov ntaub ntawv dynamic layout uas yoog raws qhov loj ntawm koj lub vijtsam ntaus ntawv. Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj tseem ceeb vim li cas cov hom ntawv tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm ntau tus neeg nyeem (thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob). Piv txwv li, txhua tus nyeem ONYX BOOX ua haujlwm nrog EPUB tawm ntawm lub thawv: los ntawm qhov pib thiab 6-nti mus txog hwm thiab 9,7-nti .
/
Txij li cov hom ntawv yog raws li cov qauv nrov (XML), nws yooj yim los hloov rau kev nyeem hauv Is Taws Nem. EPUB kuj txhawb cov ntsiab lus sib tham sib. Yog lawm, cov ntsiab lus zoo sib xws muaj nyob hauv PDF, tab sis koj tsuas tuaj yeem ntxiv lawv rau hauv daim ntawv PDF siv cov software tsim tshwj xeeb. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm EPUB, lawv ntxiv rau hauv phau ntawv siv markup thiab XML cim npe nyob rau hauv tej ntawv nyeem editor.
Lwm qhov zoo ntawm EPUB yog nws cov yam ntxwv rau cov neeg muaj teeb meem tsis pom kev lossis dyslexia. Tus qauv tso cai rau koj los hloov kho cov duab ntawm cov ntawv ntawm lub vijtsam - piv txwv li, qhia txog qee cov ntawv ua ke.
EPUB, raws li peb tau sau tseg, muab lub sijhawm rau tus tshaj tawm los txhim kho daim ntawv tiv thaiv. E-phau ntawv muag khoom yog xav tau lawv mechanisms txwv kev nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum hloov kho cov ntaub ntawv rights.xml hauv cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia.
Disadvantages
Txhawm rau tsim cov ntawv tshaj tawm EPUB, koj yuav tsum nkag siab XML, XHTML, thiab CSS syntax. Hauv qhov no, koj yuav tsum ua haujlwm nrog ntau tus lej cim. Rau kev sib piv, tib yam suav nrog tsuas yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus yuav tsum tau teeb tsa ntawm cov cim npe - txaus rau qhov kev teeb tsa ntawm cov ntawv tseeb. Thiab tsim Tsis muaj kev paub tshwj xeeb yog xav tau txhua - software tshwj xeeb yog lub luag haujlwm rau txhua yam.
EPUB tseem raug thuam rau qhov nyuaj ntawm kev tsim cov comics thiab lwm cov phau ntawv nrog ntau cov duab kos. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tus tshaj tawm yuav tsum tsim ib tug zoo li qub layout nrog taag coordinates rau txhua daim duab - qhov no yuav siv sij hawm ntau lub dag zog thiab lub sij hawm.
Dab tsi ntxiv
Tam sim no IDPF tab tom ua haujlwm ntawm cov lus qhia tshiab rau hom ntawv. Piv txwv li, ib qho ntawm lawv yuav pab koj tsim kev sib tham sib tham . Tib phau ntawv yuav zoo li txawv rau tus kws qhia ntawv thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm - hauv qhov thib ob, piv txwv li, cov lus teb rau cov kev xeem lossis cov lus nug tswj yuav raug muab zais.
Daim duab: / CC BY-SA
Nws cia siab tias txoj haujlwm tshiab yuav pab rov txhim kho cov txheej txheem kev kawm. Niaj hnub no, EPUB tau nquag siv los ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv loj, piv txwv li University of Oxford. Ob peb xyoos dhau los lawv EPUB 3.0 txhawb nqa hauv koj daim ntawv thov tsev qiv ntawv digital.
IDPF tseem tab tom tsim qhov tshwj xeeb rau kev siv Open Annotation footnotes hauv EPUB. Cov qauv no tau tsim los ntawm W3C hauv 2013 - nws yooj yim ua haujlwm nrog cov lus piav qhia nyuaj. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem siv nws los ntxiv ib daim ntawv rau ib ntu ntawm JPEG duab. Xaiv tus qauv synchronizing kev hloov pauv hauv annotations ntawm cov ntawv theej ntawm tib EPUB cov ntaub ntawv. Qhib Cov Lus Qhia Hom Ntawv Sau rau hauv EPUB cov ntaub ntawv txawm tias tam sim no, tab sis ib qho kev qhia tshwj xeeb rau lawv tseem tsis tau txais yuav.
Kev ua haujlwm tseem tab tom ua haujlwm ntawm tus qauv tshiab - EPUB 3.2. Nws yuav muaj hom ntawv ΠΈ , uas yog siv los compress fonts (qee zaum lawv tuaj yeem txo cov ntaub ntawv loj los ntawm 30%). Cov neeg tsim tawm kuj tseem yuav hloov qee cov qauv HTML uas dhau los. Piv txwv li, es tsis txhob muaj qhov sib txawv ua rau ua kom cov ntaub ntawv audio thiab video, tus qauv tshiab yuav muaj cov ntsiab lus hauv HTML audio thiab video.
Daim ntawv ΠΈ twb muaj nyob rau hauv W3C GitHub repository.
Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm ONYX-BOOX e-nyeem ntawv:
Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com