Zaum kawg peb nyob rau hauv lub laboratory ntawm optoelectronic li. ITMO University's Museum of Optics - nws cov khoom pov thawj thiab kev teeb tsa - yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm zaj dab neeg niaj hnub no.
Nco ntsoov: muaj ntau cov duab hauv qab txiav.
Lub tsev khaws puav pheej tsis tau tsim tam sim ntawd
yog thawj lub tsev cia puav pheej sib tham sib ... yog nws nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm Vasilievsky Island, qhov twg lub State Optical Institute twb nyob rau hauv yav tas los. Keeb kwm ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej Nyob rau hauv 2007, thaum renovation ntawm lub tsev nyob rau hauv lub Birzhevaya Kab twb tab tom ua. Cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev kawm ntawv tau ntsib cov lus nug: yuav ua li cas tso rau hauv cov chav ntawm thawj cov plag tsev.
Lub sijhawm ntawd txoj kev taw qhia tau txhim kho edutainment ΠΈ , tus xibfwb ntawm Kws qhia ntawv ntawm Physics thiab Technology, tau hais tias Rector Vladimir Vasiliev tsim ib qho kev nthuav qhia uas yuav qhia cov menyuam yaus tias optics yog qhov nthuav. Thaum pib, lub tsev khaws puav pheej tau pab University daws qhov teeb meem ntawm kev qhia ua haujlwm thiab nyiam cov menyuam kawm ntawv mus rau cov kws qhia ntawv tshwj xeeb. Thaum xub thawj, tsuas yog pab pawg mus ncig ua si los ntawm kev teem caij, feem ntau yog rau qib 8β11.
Tom qab ntawd, pab neeg hauv tsev cia puav pheej tau txiav txim siab los npaj lub rooj nthuav qhia kev tshawb fawb loj, Khawv koob ntawm Lub Teeb, rau txhua tus. Nws tau qhib thawj zaug hauv 2015 ntawm thaj tsam ntawm ntau tshaj li ib txhiab square meters. meters.
Tsev khaws puav pheej nthuav qhia: kev kawm thiab keeb kwm
Thawj feem ntawm qhov kev nthuav qhia nthuav qhia cov neeg tuaj saib txog keeb kwm ntawm optics thiab tham txog kev txhim kho cov holographic technologies niaj hnub no. Holography yog ib lub tshuab uas tso cai rau koj los tsim cov duab peb sab ntawm ntau yam khoom. Ntawm qhov kev nthuav qhia koj tuaj yeem saib cov yeeb yaj kiab luv luv qhia txog lub cev ntawm qhov tshwm sim.
Thawj qhov uas cov neeg tuaj saib pom yog ob lub rooj uas muaj kev thuam ntawm hologram kaw Circuit Court. Cov piv txwv xaiv yog me me ntawm lub monument rau Peter kuv ntawm horseback thiab matryoshka menyuam roj hmab.
Nrog ntsuab laser - classic , nrog kev pab los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb tau txais thawj qhov kev xa tawm volumetric hologram hauv xyoo 1962.
Nrog lub laser liab - daim duab los ntawm Lavxias teb sab kws tshawb fawb Yuri Nikolaevich Denisyuk. Lub laser tsis tas yuav saib cov holograms. Lawv pom nyob rau hauv ib txwm dawb lub teeb. Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev nthuav qhia yog mob siab rau qhov holographic ib feem. Tom qab tag nrho, nws yog nyob rau hauv lub tsev no uas Yu. N. Denisyuk ua nws discovery thiab sib sau ua ke nws thawj installation rau sau holograms.
Niaj hnub no Denisyuk lub tswv yim yog siv thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Nrog nws cov kev pab, analog holograms tau sau tseg uas yog indistinguishable los ntawm cov khoom tiag tiag - "optoclones". Nyob rau hauv thawj chav tsev ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej muaj cov thawv nrog Lub nto moo Easter qe ntawm Carl Faberge thiab cov khoom muaj nqis ntawm Pob Zeb Diamond Fund.
Hauv daim duab: holographic luam "Β»,Β«"thiab decorations"Β»
Ntxiv rau cov analogues, peb lub tsev cia puav pheej tseem muaj cov holograms. Lawv tau tsim siv 3D qauv kev pab cuam thiab laser technologies. Raws li cov duab ntawm ib qho khoom lossis yees duab (uas tuaj yeem siv tau siv drones), nws cov qauv tsim los ntawm lub computer. Tom qab ntawd, nws tau hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv cov qauv cuam tshuam thiab xa mus rau cov yeeb yaj kiab polymer siv lub laser.
Xws li holograms yog luam tawm siv cov holoprinters tshwj xeeb siv lasers xiav, liab thiab ntsuab xim (muaj me ntsis txog lawv txoj haujlwm. ).
Ntawm cov digital holograms ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej tsim los ntawm University team, ib tug tuaj yeem nco cov qauv ntawm Alexander Nevsky Lavra thiab Naval Cathedral hauv Kronstadt.
Digital holograms kuj tuaj nyob rau hauv plaub lub kaum sab xis-lawv muaj plaub cov duab sib txawv. Yog tias koj taug kev ncig xws li hologram, cov duab yuav pib hloov.
Txog tam sim no, txoj kev sau cov holograms no tsis tau pom muaj kev siv dav vim yog tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv luam ntawv. Tsis muaj holoprinters nyob rau hauv Russia, yog li peb lub tsev khaws puav pheej qhia holograms ua nyob rau hauv America thiab Latvia, piv txwv li ib daim ntawv qhia ntawm Mount Athos.
Hauv daim duab: Daim duab qhia ntawm Mount Athos
Lub tsev thib ob ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej kuj yog ib feem rau holography. Nws qhov kev pom dav dav yog pom hauv daim duab hauv qab no.
Hauv daim duab: Hall nrog holograms
Chav tsev no qhia txog "holographic portrait" ntawm Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. Qhov no yog ib qho loj tshaj plaws holograms ntawm iav, thiab nyob rau hauv scale nws yog tus thawj coj ntawm analog holograms.
Kuj tseem muaj qhov sawv nrog holographic portrait ntawm Yu.N. Denisyuk nrog ib zaj dab neeg txog lub neej ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb thiab nws qhov kev tshawb pom. Muaj ib tug hologram nrog thav duab ntawm daim ntawv loj loj rau zaj duab xis "Kuv yog Legend".
Chav tsev no muaj holograms ntawm cov khoom los ntawm ntau lub tsev cia puav pheej thoob ntiaj teb, piv txwv li los ntawm Russia Museum of Ethnography.
Nyob rau sab laug ntawm lub bust ntawm Pushkin muaj ib lub teeb tso rau hauv ib lub pob tshab. Txawm hais tias qhov khoom pov thawj no zoo li yog lub teeb tsuas yog thaum xub thawj siab ib muag. Nyob rau hauv nws yog ib tug impeller nrog dawb thiab dub hniav. Yog tias koj qhib lub tsom teeb thiab ci rau ntawm lub impeller, nws yuav pib tig.
Cov khoom pov thawj hu ua Crookes Radiometer.
Txhua ntawm plaub lub ntsej muag muaj qhov tsaus ntuj thiab lub teeb. Tsaus - heats ntau tshaj lub teeb (vim cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub teeb haum). Yog li ntawd, cov roj molecules nyob rau hauv lub hwj thaws tawm ntawm qhov tsaus ntuj ntawm cov hniav ntawm ib tug siab ceev tshaj los ntawm lub teeb sab. Vim li no, cov hniav tig rau lub teeb ci nrog rau sab tsaus ntuj tau txais kev txhawb zog ntau dua.
Qhov thib ob ntawm lub tsev yog nplooj siab rau keeb kwm ntawm optics: kev loj hlob ntawm kev yees duab thiab invention ntawm tsom iav, keeb kwm ntawm cov tsos ntawm iav thiab teeb.
Ntawm qhov chaw koj tuaj yeem pom ntau yam khoom siv kho qhov muag sib txawv: microscopes, "", vintage koob yees duab thiab vintage tsom iav. Thaum mus ncig xyuas koj tuaj yeem kawm keeb kwm ntawm cov tsos ntawm thawj daim iav ua los ntawm obsidian, tooj liab thiab, thaum kawg, iav. Cov ntaub ntawv tso saib muaj lub ntsej muag tiag tiag Venetian convex daim iav, tsim siv cov cuab yeej siv xyoo pua XNUMXth. Thiab ib tug tooj liab "magic daim iav" (yog tias koj taw tes rau ntawm lub hnub, thiab qhov "loj" tshwm sim ntawm phab ntsa dawb, tom qab ntawd ib daim duab ntawm sab nraub qaum ntawm daim iav yuav tshwm rau ntawm nws).
Nyob rau hauv tib chav muaj ib tug sau ntawm lub koob yees duab. Lub exhibition ua kom nws ua tau raws li lawv txoj kev loj hlob los ntawm - tus progenitor ntawm lub koob yees duab - mus rau niaj hnub no.
Hauv daim duab: Lub koob yees duab sau
Cov ntaub ntawv tso rau hauv lub koob yees duab nrog folding bellows thiab luam ntawm Pontiac MFAP, tsim los ntawm 1941 txog 1948, thiab AGFA BILLY los ntawm 1928. Ntawm cov khoom siv nthuav tawm koj tuaj yeem pom ""yog thawj lub koob yees duab loj hauv Soviet, tsim los ntawm cov qauv zoo tshaj plaws hauv Western. Nyob rau hauv lub USSR nws tau tsim kom txog rau thaum 1941.
Hauv daim duab: Folding lub koob yees duab "Β»
Yog tias koj mus rau tom ntej ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej, koj tuaj yeem pom lub teeb pom kev zoo thiab suab paj nruag. Lub "tawv" muaj 144 tsom iav tshwj xeeb ntawm ntau hom thiab hom - . Tsis muaj xws li sau nyob qhov twg hauv lub ntiaj teb no nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm iav thaiv qhov loj thiab tiav ntawm kev nthuav qhia. Nws tau pib sau rov qab rau hauv USSR txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua tiav ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm State Optical Institute, uas tsim cov thev naus laus zis los tsim cov iav tiv thaiv hluav taws xob.
Tam sim no nyob rau hauv txhua daim iav muaj ib txoj kab LED. Cov kab no yog tswj los ntawm cov tswj hwm thiab lub hub txuas nrog lub computer tus kheej. Yog tias koj ntaus suab paj nruag hauv PC, lub cev yuav pib flicker hauv cov xim sib txawv nyob ntawm tus yuam sij thiab suab ntawm lub suab. Qhov kev pab cuam muaj yim algorithms rau hloov suab rau xim. Koj tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm qhov system hauv qhov no .
Txuas ntxiv ntawm kev nthuav qhia: kev sib tham sib
Tom qab sau cov iav kho qhov muag los ntawm qhov thib ob ntawm kev nthuav qhia - kev sib tham sib. Feem ntau ntawm cov khoom pov thawj ntawm no tuaj yeem thiab yuav tsum tau kov. Qhov kev sib tham sib tham pib nrog kev kawm keeb kwm ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm xinesmas thiab 3D pom kev.
, , phonotropes - muab lub tswv yim ntawm yuav ua li cas cov kws tshawb fawb tau kawm txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev pom thiab cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm. Koj tuaj yeem pom ib qho piv txwv ntawm phonotrope hauv daim duab hauv qab no. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm yog nyob ntawm qhov inertia ntawm lub zeem muag. Dab tsi peb tsis tuaj yeem pom ntawm lub qhov muag, vim tias daim duab tsis pom tseeb, pom meej ntawm lub koob yees duab smartphone.
Hauv daim duab: phonotrope - niaj hnub analogue ntawm zoetrope
Daim duab: Optical illusion
Niaj hnub nimno 3D xinesmas muaj nws cov hauv paus hniav nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 3th - lub stereoscope nrog pre-revolutionary phaib tuaj yeem pab koj txheeb xyuas qhov no. Kuj tseem muaj lub vijtsam XNUMXD ntsia, uas tsis tas yuav tsum tau tsom iav tshwj xeeb los saib cov duab.
Hauv daim duab: antique stereoscope los ntawm 1901
Nyob rau hauv lub exhibition hall muaj ib lub rooj nrog sau ntawv rulers thiab lwm yam pob tshab khoom. Yog tias koj saib lawv los ntawm cov ntxaij lim dej tshwj xeeb, lawv yuav tawg nrog tag nrho cov xim ntawm zaj sawv. Qhov tshwm sim no hu ua .
Qhov no yog ib qho tshwm sim thaum, nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm txhua yam kev nyuaj siab, lub cev tau txais ob refraction (vim txawv refractive index rau lub teeb). Yog vim li cas zaj sawv qauv tshwm. Los ntawm txoj kev, txoj kev no yog siv los xyuas cov loads nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm cov choj thiab cog.
Daim duab hauv qab no qhia tau tias lwm lub vijtsam dawb ci. Yog tias koj saib nws los ntawm cov ntxaij lim dej tshwj xeeb, ib daim duab ntawm cov xim zaj yuav tshwm rau nws.
ITMO University feem ntau siv cov haujlwm sib koom ua ke nrog cov kws ua yeeb yam uas nthuav tawm lawv cov haujlwm hauv tsev cia puav pheej. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm cov chav sib tham sib muaj ib qho kev teeb tsa LED ""(Wave) yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm "kev koom tes" ntawm cov kws tshaj lij hauv tsev kawm ntawv thiab pab pawg Sonicology project. Lub tswv yim ntawm qhov project yog tus kws tshaj lij xov xwm thiab tus kws sau nkauj Taras Mashtalir.
Wave art object yog ob-meter duab puab uas, siv cov suab sensors, "nyeem" tus cwj pwm ntawm cov neeg saib thiab tsim teeb pom kev zoo thiab suab paj nruag.
Daim duab: Wave LED installation
Tom ntej no chav ntawm lub exhibition muaj daim iav illusions. Anamorphoses "decipher" cov duab coj txawv txawv thiab tig mus rau hauv cov duab nkag siab.
Tom ntej no yog chav tsaus nti nrog lub teeb plasma. Koj tuaj yeem kov lawv.
Koj tuaj yeem kos rau ntawm phab ntsa rau sab xis ntawm lub teeb nrog lub teeb nyem; nws muaj cov txheej tshwj xeeb siv rau nws. Thiab phab ntsa rov qab tsis nqus lub teeb, tab sis cuam tshuam nws. Yog tias koj thaij duab tawm tsam nws keeb kwm yav dhau nrog lub flash, koj tsuas yog tau txais duab ntxoov ntxoo ntawm lub koob yees duab npo.
Lub penultimate Hall ntawm lub exhibition yog chav ultraviolet. Nws yog tsaus thiab muaj ntau yam khoom luminescent. Piv txwv li, muaj ib daim ntawv qhia "glowing" ntawm Russia.
Hauv daim duab: Daim duab qhia ntawm Russia tau pleev xim rau cov xim luminescent
Cov khoom pov thawj kawg yog "Magic Forest". Qhov no yog ib chav ntawm iav nrog luminescent threads.
Hauv daim duab: "Magic Forest"
"Rau infinity thiab dhau mus"
Txhua hnub, cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev cia puav pheej ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom pov thawj tshiab thiab txhim kho cov khoom uas twb muaj lawm. Tours pib txhua nees nkaum feeb. Ib chav kawm master rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv kuj tseem tso cai rau lawv los kawm cov chav kawm optics hauv tsev kawm ntawv hauv kev lom zem thiab nkag siab.
Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, peb npaj yuav nce tus naj npawb ntawm kev sib tham sib kos duab khoom nyob rau hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej, nrog rau tuav ntau lectures thiab rhiav nyob rau hauv nws lub hauv paus. Tseem yuav muaj thaj tsam VR nrog kev txhim kho los ntawm ITMO University project "".
Peb cia siab tias yuav muaj ntau yam kev sib tham sib tham thiab kev kawm, thiab Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Optics ntawm ITMO University yuav dhau los ua qhov chaw nthuav qhia rau cov kws tshaj lij xov xwm los ntawm thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb.
Lwm tsab xov xwm los ntawm peb blog ntawm Habre:
Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com