Cov qauv tshiab hauv kev hloov pauv hloov pauv yog yuam cov tuam txhab Lavxias hloov mus rau kev ua haujlwm hauv tsev. Ib qho ntawm cov tshuab no yog Lavxias OS raws li Debian - Astra Linux. Hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm pej xeem kev yuav khoom, muaj kev xav tau ntau ntxiv rau kev siv cov software hauv tsev nrog FSTEC daim ntawv pov thawj, nrog rau nws cov kev suav nrog hauv kev sau npe ntawm cov software hauv tsev. Txawm hais tias nws tsim nyog sau cia tias raws li txoj cai, muaj daim ntawv pov thawj FSTEC tsis yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
Feem ntau Lavxias teb sab kev khiav hauj lwm systems yog tsim los siv nyob rau hauv "Workstation" hom, uas yog, qhov tseeb, lawv yog analogues ntawm x86 architecture daws teeb meem rau ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm chaw ua hauj lwm. Peb tau txiav txim siab los nruab Astra Linux OS ntawm ARM architecture, txhawm rau siv Lavxias-ua OS hauv kev lag luam, uas yog hauv AntexGate embedded computer (peb yuav tsis delve rau hauv qhov zoo ntawm ARM architecture tshaj x86 tam sim no).
Vim li cas peb thiaj xaiv Astra Linux OS?
- Lawv muaj kev faib tshwj xeeb rau ARM architecture;
- Peb nyiam tias lawv siv Windows-style desktop, rau cov neeg siv rau Windows OS qhov no yog qhov zoo dua qub thaum hloov mus rau Linux OS;
- Astra Linux twb tau siv nyob rau hauv lub xeev cov tuam txhab thiab hauv Ministry of Defense, uas txhais tau hais tias qhov project yuav nyob thiab yuav tsis tuag nyob rau yav tom ntej.
Vim li cas peb thiaj xaiv ARM Architecture Embedded PC?
- kev siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob qis qis (ARM cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob tsawg thiab cua sov tsawg dua thaum ua haujlwm);
- me me thiab qib siab ntawm kev sib koom ua ke (ntau cov khoom sib xyaw yog muab tso rau ntawm ib lub nti, uas yooj yim rau kev tsim cov motherboards thiab tshem tawm qhov xav tau los yuav ntau cov khoom ntxiv);
- non-redundancy ntawm cov lus txib thiab cov lus qhia (ARM architecture muab raws nraim cov lus txib uas tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm)
- tiam sis nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab Federation nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm Internet ntawm tej yam (vim kev loj hlob ntawm huab technologies, qhov yuav tsum tau rau lub kawg computers yog txo, yuav tsum tau siv haib workstations raug tshem tawm, ntau thiab ntau xam yog tsiv mus rau huab, nyias. neeg siv khoom txaus).
Rice. 1 - ARM architecture
Kev xaiv rau kev siv PCs raws li ARM architecture
- "cov neeg siv khoom nyias";
- "chaw ua haujlwm";
- IoT rooj vag;
- embedded PC;
- ntaus ntawv rau kev soj ntsuam kev lag luam.
1. Tau txais AstraLinux faib
Txhawm rau kom tau txais cov khoom siv faib khoom, koj yuav tsum sau tsab ntawv thov mus rau ib tus neeg koom nrog kev tso cai ntawm NPO RusBiTech. Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum tau kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus tsis pub lwm tus paub thiab tsis qhia tawm thiab daim ntawv cog lus ntawm kev koom tes hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis (yog tias koj lub tuam txhab yog software lossis hardware developer).
Rice. 2 - Kev piav qhia ntawm AstraLinux tso tawm
2. Txhim kho AstraLinux ntawm AntexGate ntaus ntawv
Tom qab tau txais AstraLinux faib, koj yuav tsum tau nruab rau ntawm lub hom phiaj ntaus ntawv (hauv peb rooj plaub, nws yog AntexGate embedded PC). Cov lus qhia tseem ceeb qhia peb kom siv Linux OS los nruab AstraLinux ntawm ARM computer, tab sis peb txiav txim siab sim nws ntawm Windows OS. Yog li, cia peb ua cov haujlwm hauv qab no:
1. Download tau thiab nruab rau lub Windows operating system.
2. Txuas lub cuab yeej ntawm Micro USB rau koj lub computer.
3. Siv lub zog rau lub cuab yeej, Windows yuav tsum tam sim no nrhiav kho vajtse thiab nruab tus tsav tsheb.
4. Tom qab kev teeb tsa tsav tsheb tiav, khiav qhov kev pab cuam.
5. Tom qab ob peb lub vib nas this, eMMC tsav yuav tshwm nyob rau hauv lub qhov rais raws li ib tug USB loj cia ntaus ntawv.
6. Rub tawm Win32DiskImager cov nqi hluav taws xob los ntawm nplooj ntawv thiab nruab qhov program raws li niaj zaus.
7. Tua tawm lub tshiab Win32DiskImager software.
8. Xaiv cov duab AstraLinux uas koj tau txais ua ntej.
9. Hauv daim teb ntaus ntawv, xaiv daim ntawv tsav tsheb ntawm daim npav eMMC. Ceev faj: yog tias koj xaiv lub tsav tsis raug, koj tuaj yeem rhuav tshem cov ntaub ntawv ntawm koj lub khoos phis tawj lub hard drive!
10. Nyem "Sau" thiab tos kom txog thaum sau tiav.
11. Reboot koj lub cuab yeej.
Rebooting lub cuab yeej yuav tsum ua rau lub cuab yeej khau raj AstraLinux operating system duab los ntawm eMMC.
3. Siv Astra Linux
Tom qab lub cuab yeej khau raj, qhov kev tso cai screen yuav tshwm. Hauv qhov nkag teb chaws nkag mus rau "admin", tus password kuj yog lo lus "admin". Tom qab kev tso cai ua tiav, lub desktop yuav tshwm sim (Daim duab 3).
Rice. 3 - AstraLinux desktop
Thawj qhov uas ntes koj lub qhov muag yog tias lub desktop tiag tiag zoo li Windows, tag nrho cov ntsiab lus thiab cov lus sib tham muaj npe nyob rau hauv txoj kev ib txwm muaj ("Control Panel", "Desktop", "Explorer", "My Computer" ntawm lub desktop). Dab tsi tseem ceeb yog tias txawm Solitaire thiab Minesweeper tau teeb tsa ntawm Astra Linux!
Rice. 4 - "Office" tab hauv AstraLinux pib ntawv qhia zaub mov
Rice. 5 - Network tab hauv AstraLinux pib ntawv qhia zaub mov
Rice. 6 - "System" tab hauv AstraLinux pib ntawv qhia zaub mov
Rice. 7 - AstraLinux Tswj Vaj Huam Sib Luag
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias rau kev siv cov kev daws teeb meem muaj kev nkag tau ntawm SSH, ntawm Linux console, thiab nws tseem tuaj yeem nruab koj cov pob Debian nyiam (nginx, apache, thiab lwm yam). Yog li, rau cov neeg siv Windows yav dhau los muaj lub desktop paub, thiab rau kev paub Linux thiab cov neeg siv kev daws teeb meem muaj lub console.
Rice. 8 - AstraLinux console
Optimizing AstraLinux ua haujlwm
1. Rau cov khoom siv uas tsis tshua muaj kev ua haujlwm kho vajtse, peb pom zoo kom siv lub monitor nrog kev daws teeb meem tsawg, lossis manually txo qhov kev daws teeb meem hauv cov ntaub ntawv /boot/config.txt mus txog 1280x720.
2. Peb kuj pom zoo kom txhim kho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kom tswj tau lub processor zaus:
sudo apt-get install cpufrequtilsPeb kho nyob rau hauv /boot/config.txt lub ntsiab lus hauv qab no:
force_turbo=13. Los ntawm lub neej ntawd, tus qauv repositories yog neeg xiam nyob rau hauv lub system. Yuav kom pab tau lawv koj yuav tsum tau uncomment peb kab hauv cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no cd/etc/apt/nano.list
Rice. 9 - Txhim kho cov chaw khaws khoom qub
Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com