Tsab ntawv tau sau ntxiv rau raws li kev thov ntawm zej zog.
Hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav nkag siab txog cov khawv koob ntawm cov lej hauv cov lej lej. Thiab xav txog tus naj npawb tsis tsuas yog saws hauv ESKD (Unified System of Design Documentation), as well as in ESPD (Unified System of Program Documentation) thiab KSAS (Teem txheej txheem rau kev siv tshuab), txij li Harb feem ntau muaj cov kws tshaj lij IT.
Raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm ESKD, ESPD thiab KSAS cov qauv, txhua yam khoom (txoj haujlwm, qhov system) yuav tsum tau muab lub npe - tus lej lej.
Kev xaiv tsa tau raug muab ua raws li cov kev cai tsim nyob rau hauv cov qauv. Qhov no tau tsim los ntawm cov neeg nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm los sib sau ua ke thiab yooj yim rau kev txheeb xyuas cov khoom thiab cov ntaub ntawv, khaws cia thiab archives.
Cia peb nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem yooj yim rau kev muab tus lej lej kom nws tsis zoo li kev ua koob tsheej thaum ub, thiab cov lej muab tsis zoo li cov lej khawv koob.
Rau txhua qhov txheej txheem, peb yuav txiav txim siab tus txheej txheem sib cais.
Unified system ntawm kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv
Hauv ESKD, cov txheej txheem xaiv rau cov khoom thiab lawv cov ntaub ntawv tsim tau tsim los ntawm .
Txhua yam khoom muaj nws tus kheej lub npe.
Lub npe khoom tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob txoj hauv kev:
- centralized - nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm qhov kev txiav txim txiav txim los ntawm lub Ministry, Department, nyob rau hauv lub lag luam;
- decentralized - raws li cov cai tau txais kev pom zoo hauv lub koom haum txhim kho.
Cov qauv ntawm cov khoom tsim thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsim qauv tseem ceeb tau qhia hauv daim duab 1.
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| Fig. 1 - Cov qauv tsim khoom |
Cov lej ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv plaub tus lej ntawm lub koom haum tsim cov ntaub ntawv tsim, suav nrog cov tsiaj ntawv zoo li ABC, raug muab raws li Codifier ntawm cov koom haum txhim kho.
Yuav kom tau txais ib tsab ntawv plaub-tus lej, lub koom haum txhim kho yuav tsum hu rau . Thov nco ntsoov tias qhov kev pabcuam no raug them. Piv txwv li: Lub tuam txhab NVP "Bolid" muaj plaub tus lej tsab ntawv ntawm lub koom haum tsim tawm "ACDR", CJSC "Bastion" - "FIASH".
Rau cov khoom siv pej xeem, es tsis txhob siv tus lej plaub-tus lej, nws raug tso cai siv tus lej los ntawm All-Lavxias Classifier ntawm Kev Lag Luam thiab Cov Koom Haum () developer enterprise. OKPO code (yim- lossis kaum-tus lej) yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau txhua lub koom haum thiab hloov pauv tsuas yog thaum lub tuam txhab hloov pauv cov kev taw qhia thiab tshwj xeeb ntawm nws cov haujlwm, txwv tsis pub nws tseem nyob tas li rau tag nrho lub neej ntawm lub tuam txhab.
Cov kev faib cov yam ntxwv code yog muab rau cov khoom thiab tsim cov ntaub ntawv raws li classifier ntawm cov khoom thiab tsim cov ntaub ntawv ntawm mechanical engineering thiab ntsuas ntsuas (ESKD Classifier). Nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab Federation muaj "Tag nrho-Lavxias teb chaws Classifier ntawm cov khoom thiab tsim cov ntaub ntawv", , yog ib tug systematized txheej ntawm cov npe ntawm kev faib pawg ntawm cov khoom faib - cov khoom ntawm lub ntsiab thiab pab ntau lawm ntawm tag nrho cov sectors ntawm lub teb chaws kev khwv nyiaj txiag, cov ntaub ntawv kev txawj ntse thiab lawv cov lis dej num thiab yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lub Unified System ntawm Classification thiab Coding ntawm Technical thiab Economic Information.
Cov yam ntxwv kev faib tawm yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom tsim thiab nws cov ntaub ntawv tsim. Tus cwj pwm kev faib tawm yog muab raws li ESKD Classifier thiab yog tus lej rau tus lej uas ua raws cov chav kawm (thawj ob tus lej), subclass, pab pawg, pawg, hom (ib tus lej txhua). ESKD classifier yog tsim los siv cov txheej txheem hierarchical decimal, raws li kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm qhov dav mus rau qhov tshwj xeeb hauv cov txheej txheem tau muab cais tawm.
Cov qauv ntawm kev faib cov yam ntxwv code designation yog raws li nram no:
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| Fig. 2 β Cov qauv ntawm kev faib cov yam ntxwv code |
Tus classifier yog nrog los ntawm cov lus qhia ntxaws rau kev tshawb nrhiav thiab txiav txim siab cov cai rau kev faib cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom.
Piv txwv li, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab qhov kev faib cov yam ntxwv code rau ib leeg-channel fais fab mov nrog ib tug mov voltage ntawm 220V AC, 50Hz, nrog ib tug stabilized DC tso zis voltage ntawm 12V thiab ib tug active zog ntawm 60W.
Ua ntej, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab tus naj npawb ntawm chav kawm hauv kab sib chaws ntawm cov chav kawm thiab subclasses los ntawm cov khoom npe.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, chav kawm yog tsim nyog 43 XXXXXXXXXXXXX "Microcircuits, semiconductor, electrovacuum, piezoelectric, quantum electronics li, resistors, connectors, hluav taws xob converters, lwm yam khoom siv fais fab".
Nyob ntawd koj yuav tsum xaiv ib tug subclass 436XXX "System thiab qhov chaw ntawm lub hwj chim theem nrab".
Siv cov kab sib chaws ntawm cov pab pawg, pab pawg thiab hom, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab pab pawg hauv cov chav kawm uas tau xaiv, raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov cuab yeej tsim: 4362XX "Single-channel Secondary Power Sources with input single-theem alternating voltage", pab pawg: 43623X "Nrog cov zis tsis tu ncua stabilized voltage thiab tso zis tsis" thiab saib: 436234 βPower, W St. 10-100 incl. voltage, V mus txog 100 incl..
Yog li, txoj cai kev faib tawm rau ib leeg-channel fais fab mov nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm 220V AC nrog zaus ntawm 50Hz nrog rau cov zis hluav taws xob ruaj khov ntawm 12V DC thiab lub zog ntawm 60W yuav yog: 436234.
Tus lej sau npe raug muab tso rau raws li kev faib tawm yam ntxwv ntawm 001 txog 999 nyob rau hauv cov cai ntawm lub koom haum tsim tawm thaum muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev xaiv tsa, thiab nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm kev ua haujlwm hauv nruab nrab - nyob rau hauv cov cai ntawm lub koom haum tau faib rau kev ua haujlwm hauv nruab nrab.
Piv txwv li, tus lej no yuav yog tus lej lej ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv daim ntawv teev npe khoom npe. Daim ntawv thiab cov txheej txheem rau kev tswj hwm daim npav xaiv tsa tau tsim nyob rau hauv GOST 2.201-80.
Yog li, rau qhov piv txwv ntawm kev xaiv cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev faib tawm, kev tsim khoom yuav zoo li no:
Kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv tsis tsim nyog yuav tsum muaj cov khoom tsim thiab cov ntaub ntawv code tsim los ntawm ESKD cov qauv, sau rau cov khoom tsim yam tsis muaj qhov chaw, muab raws li Table 3 GOST 2.102-2013 "Hom thiab ua tiav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsim".
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| Fig. 3 β Kev xaiv ntawm ib daim ntawv tsim tsis tseem ceeb |
Piv txwv li, daim duab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob: FIASH.436234.610E3
Kev tsim qauv ntawm cov khoom lag luam thiab cov ntaub ntawv hauv pab pawg thiab cov txheej txheem yooj yim ntawm kev ua tiav cov ntaub ntawv tsim, tus lej xov tooj ntawm lub version ntxiv rau cov khoom tsim los ntawm hyphen. Hauv pawg txheej txheem ntawm kev ua tiav cov ntaub ntawv, ib qho kev ua tiav yuav tsum raug lees txais raws li qhov tseem ceeb. Xws li tus qauv tsim yuav tsum muaj tsuas yog ib qho kev xaiv tsis muaj tus lej ntawm tus qauv tsim, piv txwv li ATsDR.436234.255. Rau lwm cov qauv tsim, tus naj npawb ntawm cov qauv tsim los ntawm 01 txog 98 yog ntxiv rau cov qauv tsim qauv. Piv txwv li: ATsDR.436234.255-05
Nws raug tso cai los xaiv cov qauv nrog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm peb tus lej lej ntawm 001 txog 999.
Nrog rau ntau yam ntawm cov khoom uas muaj cov qauv tsim, nws raug tso cai siv tus lej tsim ntxiv, uas yog sau los ntawm ib qho chaw thiab yuav tsum yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tus lej ob tus lej uas tsis yog 00. Cov qauv ntawm qhov kev xaiv no yog qhia hauv daim duab 4.
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| Fig. 4 - Daim ntawv thov ntawm tus lej ua tiav thiab tus lej ua tiav ntxiv |
Kev tsim qauv siv tus lej ntxiv yog raug xaiv nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm cov yam ntxwv sib txawv (txheej txheem, tsis, lawv qhov siab tshaj plaws sib txawv, kev ua haujlwm huab cua, kev teeb tsa ntxiv ntawm cov khoom nrog cov khoom, thiab lwm yam), uas muaj peev xwm ua tau rau txhua tus qauv tsim.
Tus lej ua haujlwm ntxiv yuav tsum yog tus lej ob tus lej uas tsis yog 00. Tus lej lossis txhua tus lej tuaj yeem qhia txog ib tus yam ntxwv lossis cov txheej txheem sib cuam tshuam.
Cov khoom tsim tshiab tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv no uas nyob ntawm tib yam ntxwv raug xaiv los siv tib tus lej ntxiv. Yog tias tsim nyog, cov khoom no tuaj yeem raug xaiv yam tsis siv tus lej tsim ntxiv.
Yog tias muaj tus lej ntxiv, tag nrho cov qauv yuav tsum raug xaiv siv tus lej thib ob ntawm tus lej ntawm 01 txog 98.
Ordinal thiab ntxiv execution tooj yog teem rau ntawm ib leeg.
Nyob rau theem ntawm kev tsim cov qauv tsim ua ntej, nws raug pom zoo tias cov ntaub ntawv tsim ua ntej thiab tsim qauv raug xaiv raws li cov qauv hauv qab no:
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| Fig.5 β Tsim cov ntaub ntawv tsim qauv |
Unified system ntawm kev pab cuam cov ntaub ntawv
Cov kev xaiv ntawm cov kev pab cuam thiab cov ntaub ntawv kev pab cuam raug muab ua raws li cov lus qhia .
Kev xaiv ntawm cov kev pab cuam thiab cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum muaj cov pab pawg ntawm cov cim cais los ntawm cov dots (tom qab lub teb chaws chaws thiab cov cai ntawm lub koom haum tsim tawm), qhov chaw (tom qab cov ntaub ntawv hloov kho tus lej thiab cov ntaub ntawv hom code), thiab hyphens (tom qab tus lej sau npe thiab cov ntaub ntawv tus naj npawb ntawm hom no).
Kev sau npe rau kev tsim cov kev pab cuam thiab cov ntaub ntawv kev pab cuam raug tsim.
Xws li hauv ESKD, nyob rau hauv ESPD nws tau teev tias qhov kev xaiv ntawm ib yam khoom yog tib lub sij hawm lub npe ntawm nws cov ntaub ntawv kev pab cuam - specification.
Cov qauv ntawm kev xaiv qhov kev pab cuam thiab nws cov ntaub ntawv kev pab cuam - cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb tau qhia hauv daim duab 6.
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| Fig.6 β Program designation structure |
Lub teb chaws chaws yog muab raws li cov lus qhia , thaum xaiv encoding (Latin, Cyrillic lossis digital code) yog tsim los ntawm tus tsim tawm raws li cov cai tau txais los ntawm lub tuam txhab. Nws raug tso cai siv plaub-tus lej tsab ntawv lossis OKPO code raws li tus tsim tawm lub koom haum code.
GOST 19.103 hais tias tus lej sau npe ntawm qhov kev zov me nyuam yuav tsum raug muab tso rau raws li All-Union Classifier ntawm Cov Kev Pabcuam, tab sis nws yeej tsis tau tshaj tawm, yog li nws raug tso cai muab cov cai no los ntawm 00001 txog 99999 raws li cov txheej txheem tsim los ntawm lub tuam txhab uas tsim cov kev pab cuam.
Qee qhov xwm txheej, txhawm rau tsim kom muaj tus lej sau npe, tag nrho-Lavxias faib cov khoom lag luam los ntawm hom kev lag luam yog siv. .
Tus lej xov tooj ntawm qhov kev pab cuam tsab yuav tsum yog nyob rau hauv hom ntawm 01 txog 99.
Piv txwv ntawm kev xaiv qhov program:
- thaum siv plaub tsab ntawv tus tsim tawm code:
- ROF.ABVG.62.01.29-01
- 643.ABVG.62.01.29-01
- Thaum siv OKPO code:
- ROF.98765432.62.01.29-01
- RU.98765432.62.01.29-01
- RUS.98765432.62.01.29-01
- 643.98765432.62.01.29-01
Tus qauv tsim ntawm lwm cov ntaub ntawv kev pab cuam muaj nyob hauv daim duab 7:
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| Fig. 7 β Cov qauv ntawm kev xaiv ntawm lwm cov ntaub ntawv kev pab cuam |
Cov ntaub ntawv hloov kho serial tooj yuav tsum muaj ib hom ntawv los ntawm 01 txog 99. Cov ntaub ntawv hom code yog muab raws li Table 4 . Yog tias tsim nyog, cov ntaub ntawv tau muab cov ntaub ntawv tus lej ntawm hom no hauv kev nce qib ntawm 01 txog 99, thiab cov ntaub ntawv ib feem ntawm tus lej nce los ntawm 1 txog 9.
Piv txwv ntawm kev xaiv cov ntaub ntawv "Operator's Manual" (cov ntaub ntawv thib ob rau qhov kev pab cuam no, ntu 3):
- Π ΠΠ€.ΠΠΠΠ.62.01.29-01 34 02-3
- 643.ΠΠΠΠ.62.01.29-01 34 02-3
- Π ΠΠ€.98765432.62.01.29-01 34 02-3
- RU.98765432.62.01.29-01 34 02-3
- RUS.98765432.62.01.29-01 34 02-3
- 643.98765432.62.01.29-01 34 02-3
Qhov kawg version ntawm daim ntawv thov npe rau cov kev pab cuam thiab cov ntaub ntawv kev pab cuam yuav tsum raug txiav txim los ntawm tus tsim tawm hauv cov ntaub ntawv tswj hwm sab hauv.
Txheej txheem rau automated systems
Kev tsim ntawm tus lej decemal ntawm lub tshuab automated yuav tsum nrhiav hauv .
Raws li GOST, txhua cov ntaub ntawv tsim tawm yuav tsum tau muab tso rau kev xaiv tus kheej. Ib daim ntawv ua tiav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv yuav tsum muaj tib lub npe. Tsab ntawv "M" raug ntxiv rau kev xaiv cov ntaub ntawv hauv computer media.
Cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg muaj cov qauv hauv qab no:
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| Fig. 8 - Cov qauv ntawm kev xaiv cov ntaub ntawv rau cov tshuab automated |
Cov qauv ntawm kev xaiv ntawm ib qho automated system los yog nws feem muaj daim ntawv:
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| Fig. 9 - Cov qauv ntawm kev xaiv ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob lossis ib feem ntawm nws |
GOST thov kom xaiv cov cai ntawm lub koom haum tsim tawm raws li All-Union Classifier of Enterprises, Institutions and Organizations (OKPO) raws li cov kev cai tsim los ntawm kev lag luam normative thiab technical documentation. Tam sim no, nws tsis yog tag nrho-Union cov ntaub ntawv uas tau tas sij hawm uas yuav tsum tau siv, tab sis tag nrho-Lavxias classifier - OKPO. Nws kuj tseem tso cai siv plaub tsab ntawv los ntawm Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Lub Xeev Unitary Enterprise "STANDARTINFORM" raws li cov cai ntawm lub koom haum tsim tawm.
Qhov system cais code yuav tsum raug xaiv los ntawm , uas hloov tag nrho-Union khoom classifier hais nyob rau hauv GOST 34.201-89, raws li zoo raws li tag nrho cov-Lavxias teb chaws khoom classifier (OKP), uas tau muab tso tseg nyob rau hauv Lub ib hlis ntuj 01, 2017.
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account tias kev faib cov yam ntxwv ntawm OKPD2 tuaj yeem xaiv los ntawm lub npe ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, piv txwv li: 26.51.43.120 - cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm hluav taws xob, ntsuas thiab suav cov complexes thiab kev teeb tsa rau ntsuas hluav taws xob thiab sib nqus (rau Piv txwv li, ib qho automated cov ntaub ntawv thiab ntsuas qhov system rau kev lag luam hluav taws xob ntsuas (AIIS KUE), 70.22.17 - kev tswj cov txheej txheem kev lag luam (BP ACS); 26.20.40.140 β cov ntaub ntawv kev ruaj ntseg cov cuab yeej, nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev sib txuas lus systems tiv thaiv siv cov ntaub ntawv kev ruaj ntseg cuab yeej (cov ntaub ntawv Internet portals).
Tsis tas li ntawd, GOST 34.201-89 thov kom siv tag nrho-Union classifiers ntawm subsystems thiab complexes ntawm cov dej num ntawm automated tswj systems (OKPKZ) los muab cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb. Qhov kev faib tawm no tau tso tseg tsis raug cai hauv Lavxias Federation, thiab tsis muaj kev hloov pauv tau tsim rau nws. Yog li, tam sim no tsis muaj lwm txoj hauv kev xaiv cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev faib tawm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob raws li OKPD2.
Tus lej sau npe ntawm qhov system (ib feem ntawm qhov system) yog muab los ntawm kev pabcuam ntawm tus tsim tawm lub koom haum, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tswj xyuas daim npav qhov ntsuas thiab sau npe. Cov lej sau npe raug muab los ntawm 001 txog 999 rau txhua qhov kev faib tawm tus yam ntxwv.
Cov ntaub ntawv code muaj ob lub cim alphanumeric thiab raug cais los ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim los ntawm ib qho chaw. Cov cai rau cov ntaub ntawv teev tseg los ntawm tus qauv no yog nkag mus rau hauv kab lus 3 ntawm Table 2. Cov cai ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv yog tsim raws li hauv qab no: thawj tus cim yog ib tsab ntawv qhia txog hom ntaub ntawv raws li Table 1, tus cim thib ob yog tus lej lossis tsab ntawv qhia tus lej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm hom no.
Cov haujlwm tseem ceeb suav nrog hauv daim ntawv xaiv yog tias tsim nyog.
Cov naj npawb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib lub npe (2 cim) raug muab los ntawm qhov thib ob thiab sib cais los ntawm qhov kev xaiv yav dhau los los ntawm qhov chaw.
Cov ntaub ntawv hloov kho tus lej raug muab pib los ntawm qhov thib ob hauv qhov kev txiav txim nce mus txog 2 txog 9, thiab raug cais los ntawm tus nqi dhau los los ntawm qhov chaw. Tus lej tsab xov xwm tom ntej no raug muab tso rau hauv rooj plaub uas tsab ntawv dhau los tau khaws cia (tsis raug tshem tawm).
Cov ntaub ntawv tus lej yog cais los ntawm qhov kev xaiv yav dhau los los ntawm hyphen. Yog tias cov ntaub ntawv muaj ib feem, ces tus hyphen tsis muab tso rau thiab tsis muab cov ntaub ntawv ib feem.
Tus cwj pwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ua tiav hauv computer media yog nkag mus yog tias tsim nyog. Tsab ntawv "M" yog cais los ntawm lub npe yav dhau los los ntawm ib qho chaw.
Yog li, lub npe AIIS KUE yuav zoo li no:
- 98765432.26.51.43.120.012
- ABVG.26.51.43.120.012
Ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev xaiv ib daim ntawv "Technological Instructions" (cov ntaub ntawv thib peb ntawm hom no, thib ob tsab, ntu 5, ua hauv daim ntawv hluav taws xob):
- 98765432.26.51.43.120.012.I2.03.02.05M
- ABVG.26.51.43.120.012.I2.03.02.05M
Cov duab kos duab ntawm ib qho kev sib txawv ntawm kev txhais tau tias (tsuas yog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm hom no ua ib feem ntawm qhov project, ib tsab ntawv nkaus xwb, hauv ib feem, luam tawm ntawm daim ntawv):
- 98765432.26.51.43.120.012.S1
- ABVG.26.51.43.120.012.S1
xaus
Nws raug tso cai siv lub cim qhia tshwj xeeb uas tau txais hauv lub koom haum tsim. Tab sis nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias yam tsis muaj kev piav qhia tshwj xeeb no yuav tsis nkag siab rau leej twg. Cov txheej txheem piav qhia rau kev tso npe rau cov khoom lag luam thiab cov ntaub ntawv raws li cov qauv tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm txhua tus kws tshaj lij (tus tsim qauv, tsim tawm, programmer).
Cov hauv qab no kuj tau siv thaum sau tsab xov xwm no:
Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com