Cov kws paub txog kev ruaj ntseg cov ntaub ntawv tau tshawb pom qhov tsis zoo tshiab hauv Intel chips uas tuaj yeem siv los nyiag cov ntaub ntawv rhiab ncaj qha los ntawm processor. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau hu nws "ZombieLoad". ZombieLoad yog ib sab-los-sab tawm tsam tsom rau Intel chips uas tso cai rau cov neeg nyiag nkas tuaj yeem siv qhov tsis zoo hauv lawv cov qauv kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv tsis raug cai, tab sis nws tsis tso cai rau lawv txhaj thiab ua raws li cov cai tsis raug cai, yog li siv nws tsuas yog cov cuab yeej rau intrusion thiab hacking, tej thaj chaw deb computers yog tsis tau.
Raws li Intel, ZombieLoad muaj plaub kab hauv microcode ntawm nws cov chips, uas cov kws tshawb fawb tau qhia rau lub tuam txhab tsuas yog ib hlis dhau los. Yuav luag txhua lub khoos phis tawj nrog Intel chips tso tawm txij li xyoo 2011 yog qhov muaj kev cuam tshuam rau qhov tsis zoo. ARM thiab AMD chips tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov tsis zoo no.
ZombieLoad yog nco txog Meltdown thiab Spectre, uas yog qhov kev xav yav dhau los, uas tau siv cov kab laum hauv qhov kev xav (ua ntej) hais kom ua tiav. Speculative execution pab processors kwv yees rau ib yam dab tsi ib daim ntawv thov los yog kev khiav hauj lwm qhov system yuav xav tau nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, ua rau daim ntawv thov khiav ceev thiab ntau npaum li cas. Tus processor yuav rov qab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm nws qhov kev kwv yees yog tias lawv muaj tseeb, lossis rov pib ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig yog tias qhov twv ua ntej tsis raug. Ob leeg Meltdown thiab Spectre siv lub peev xwm los tsim txom cov yam ntxwv no kom tau txais kev nkag ncaj qha rau cov ntaub ntawv uas tus processor tau tuav.
ZombieLoad txhais tau tias "zombie loading," uas ib nrab piav qhia txog cov txheej txheem ntawm qhov tsis zoo. Thaum lub sij hawm tawm tsam, tus processor tau noj cov ntaub ntawv ntau dua li nws tuaj yeem ua tau zoo, ua rau lub processor thov kev pab los ntawm microcode los tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo. Feem ntau, cov ntawv thov tsuas tuaj yeem pom lawv tus kheej cov ntaub ntawv, tab sis kab laum los ntawm CPU overload tso cai rau koj hla qhov kev txwv no. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau hais tias ZombieLoad tuaj yeem tau txais cov ntaub ntawv siv los ntawm cov processor cores. Intel hais tias kev kho microcode yuav pab tshem tawm cov txheej txheem tsis txaus thaum muaj ntau dhau, tiv thaiv cov ntawv thov los ntawm kev nyeem cov ntaub ntawv uas lawv tsis xav nyeem.
Hauv kev ua yeeb yaj kiab qhia txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov tsis zoo, cov kws tshawb fawb tau pom tias nws tuaj yeem siv los nrhiav seb cov vev xaib twg uas ib tus neeg tuaj saib hauv lub sijhawm, tab sis nws tuaj yeem siv tau yooj yim, piv txwv li, passwords lossis nkag mus siv tokens. los ntawm cov neeg siv rau kev them nyiaj muas
Zoo li Meltdown thiab Spectre, ZombieLoad cuam tshuam tsis yog PCs thiab laptops xwb, tab sis kuj yog huab servers. Qhov tsis zoo tuaj yeem raug siv los ntawm cov tshuab virtual uas yuav tsum tau muab cais tawm ntawm lwm lub tshuab virtual thiab lawv cov khoom siv tswv cuab kom muaj peev xwm hla qhov kev sib cais no. Yog li, Daniel Gruss, ib tug ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb uas tshawb pom qhov tsis zoo, thov tias nws tuaj yeem nyeem cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm pabcuam hauv tib txoj kev xws li hauv computers ntawm tus kheej. Qhov no yog ib qho teeb meem loj heev nyob rau hauv huab ib puag ncig qhov twg cov neeg siv khoom sib txawv virtual tshuab tau khiav ntawm tib lub server hardware. Txawm hais tias kev tawm tsam siv ZombieLoad yeej tsis tau tshaj tawm rau pej xeem, cov kws tshawb nrhiav tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias lawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim, txij li cov ntaub ntawv tub sab nyiag tsis tas ib txwm tso tseg.
Qhov no txhais li cas rau cov neeg siv nruab nrab? Tsis tas yuav ntshai. Qhov no yog nyob deb ntawm kev siv los yog qhov tsis muaj zog-hnub uas tus neeg tawm tsam tuaj yeem hla koj lub khoos phis tawm tam sim ntawd. Gruss piav qhia tias ZombieLoad yog "yooj yim dua Spectre" tab sis "nyuaj dua li Meltdown" - ob qho tib si uas yuav tsum tau muaj kev txawj ntse thiab kev siv zog los siv kev tawm tsam. Qhov tseeb, txhawm rau ua qhov kev tawm tsam siv ZombieLoad, koj yuav tsum rub tawm daim ntawv thov muaj kab mob thiab khiav nws tus kheej, tom qab ntawd qhov tsis muaj zog yuav pab tus neeg tawm tsam rub tawm tag nrho koj cov ntaub ntawv. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ntau txoj hauv kev yooj yim dua rau hack rau hauv lub computer thiab nyiag lawv.
Intel twb tau tso tawm microcode rau thaj cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem, suav nrog Intel Xeon, Intel Broadwell, Sandy Bridge, Skylake thiab Haswell chips, Intel Kaby Lake, Kas fes Lake, Whiskey Lake thiab Cascade Lake chips, nrog rau tag nrho Atom thiab Knights processors. Lwm lub tuam txhab loj kuj tau tso tawm kev kho rau qhov tsis zoo ntawm lawv feem. Apple, Microsoft thiab Google kuj tau tso tawm cov ntaub ntawv sib xws rau lawv qhov browser.
Hauv kev xam phaj nrog TechCrunch, Intel tau hais tias kev hloov kho tshiab rau nti microcode, zoo li yav dhau los thaj ua rau thaj, yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm processor. Intel tus kws tshaj lij tau hais tias feem ntau cov neeg siv khoom siv patched tuaj yeem raug kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm 3%, nrog rau 9% poob rau cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv. Tab sis raws li Intel, qhov no tsis zoo li yuav pom nyob rau hauv ntau qhov xwm txheej.
Txawm li cas los xij, Apple engineers tsis pom zoo nrog Intel, leej twg hais txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tiv thaiv tag nrho "Microarchitectural Data Sampling" (lub npe hu ua ZombieLoad) lawv thov tias kom kaw tag nrho qhov tsis zoo nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom ua tiav Intel Hyper-Threading thev naus laus zis hauv cov txheej txheem, uas, raws li kev sim los ntawm Apple cov kws tshaj lij, tuaj yeem txo qis. kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov neeg siv khoom siv hauv ntau txoj haujlwm los ntawm 40%.
Tsis yog Intel lossis Daniel thiab nws pab neeg tau tshaj tawm cov cai uas siv qhov tsis zoo, yog li tsis muaj kev hem thawj ncaj qha rau cov neeg siv nruab nrab. Thiab tam sim ntawd tso tawm thaj ua rau thaj tshem tawm tag nrho, tab sis muab tias txhua qhov kev kho no raug nqi cov neeg siv qee qhov kev poob hauv kev ua haujlwm, qee cov lus nug tshwm sim rau Intel.
Tau qhov twg los: 3d xov.ru