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Tshaj tawm 60 tsab ntawm qhov kev ntaus nqi ntawm cov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws supercomputers

60th ib tsab ntawm qhov qeb duas ntawm 500 feem ntau cov khoos phis tawj ua tau zoo hauv ntiaj teb tau luam tawm. Hauv tsab ntawv tshiab, tsuas muaj ib qho kev hloov pauv hauv kaum sab saum toj - Leonardo pawg, nyob rau hauv Italian scientific research center CINECA, coj qhov chaw thib 4. Cov pawg suav nrog yuav luag 1.5 lab processor cores (CPU Xeon Platinum 8358 32C 2.6GHz) thiab muab kev ua haujlwm ntawm 255.75 petaflops nrog lub zog noj ntawm 5610 kilowatts.

Sab saum toj peb, zoo ib yam li 6 lub hlis dhau los, suav nrog pawg hauv qab no:

  • Frontier - Nyob hauv US Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Cov pawg muaj yuav luag 9 lab processor cores (AMD EPYC 64C 2GHz CPU, AMD Instinct MI250X accelerator) thiab muab kev ua tau zoo ntawm 1.102 exaflops, uas yog yuav luag peb zaug ntau dua li qhov thib ob pawg (thaum Frontier lub zog noj yog 30% qis dua).
  • Fugaku - nyob hauv RIKEN Lub Tsev Haujlwm ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Lub Cev thiab Tshuaj (Nyiv). Cov pawg yog tsim los siv ARM processors (158976 nodes raws li Fujitsu A64FX SoC, nruab nrog 48-core Armv8.2-A SVE 2.2GHz CPU). Fugaku muab 442 petaflops ntawm kev ua tau zoo.
  • LUMI yog tuav ntawm European Supercomputing Center (EuroHPC) hauv Finland thiab muab 151 petaflops ntawm kev ua tau zoo. Cov pawg yog tsim los ntawm tib lub HPE Cray EX235a platform ua tus thawj coj ntawm qhov kev ntsuam xyuas, tab sis suav nrog 1.1 lab processor cores (AMD EPYC 64C 2GHz, AMD Instinct MI250X accelerator, Slingshot-11 network).

Raws li rau domestic supercomputers, Chervonenkis, Galushkin thiab Lyapunov pawg tsim los ntawm Yandex poob los ntawm 22, 40 thiab 43 qhov chaw mus rau 25, 44 thiab 47 qhov chaw. Cov pawg no yog tsim los daws cov teeb meem kev kawm tshuab thiab muab kev ua tau zoo ntawm 21.5, 16 thiab 12.8 petaflops, raws li. Cov pawg khiav Ubuntu 16.04 thiab tau nruab nrog AMD EPYC 7xxx processors thiab NVIDIA A100 GPUs: Chervonenkis pawg muaj 199 ntawm (193 txhiab AMD EPYC 7702 64C 2GH cores thiab 1592 NVIDIA A100 80 GPUs), cores 136 134C 7702GH thiab 64 GPU NVIDIA A2 1088G), Lyapunov - 100 nodes (80 txhiab cores AMD EPYC 137 130C 7662GHz thiab 64 GPU NVIDIA A2 1096G).

Christofari Neo pawg xa tawm los ntawm Sberbank poob los ntawm 46th mus rau 50th qhov chaw. Christofari Neo khiav NVIDIA DGX OS 5 (Ubuntu tsab) thiab ua kom pom kev ua tau zoo ntawm 11.9 petaflops. Cov pawg muaj ntau dua 98 txhiab lub khoos phis tawj raws li AMD EPYC 7742 64C 2.25GHz CPU thiab los nrog NVIDIA A100 80GB GPU. Qhov thib ob pawg ntawm Sberbank (Christofari) tau tsiv los ntawm 80th mus rau 87th qhov chaw nyob rau hauv qeb duas rau lub hlis.

Ob pawg neeg hauv tsev kuj tseem nyob hauv qhov qeb duas: Lomonosov 2 - tsiv los ntawm 262 mus rau 290 qhov chaw (hauv xyoo 2015, Lomonosov 2 pawg coj 31 qhov chaw, thiab nws cov thawj coj Lomonosov hauv 2011 - 13 qhov chaw) thiab MTS GROM - tsiv ntawm 318 mus rau 352. qhov chaw. Yog li, tus naj npawb ntawm cov pab pawg hauv tsev tsis tau hloov pauv thiab, raws li rau lub hlis dhau los, yog 7 lub tshuab (rau kev sib piv, hauv 2020 muaj 2 lub tshuab hauv tsev hauv qeb, hauv 2017 - 5, thiab hauv 2012 - 12).

Qhov nthuav tshaj plaws tiam sis:

  • Kev faib tawm los ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm supercomputers hauv ntau lub teb chaws:
    • Tuam Tshoj: 162 (173 - rau lub hlis dhau los). Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, Suav pawg tsim 10% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom tsim tau (rau lub hlis dhau los - 12%);
    • USA: 127 (127). Tag nrho cov khoom tsim tau kwv yees li ntawm 43.6% ntawm tag nrho cov kev ntaus nqi tsim khoom (rau lub hlis dhau los - 47.3%);
    • Lub teb chaws Yelemees: 34 (31). Tag nrho cov khoom tsim tau - 4.5%;
    • Nyiv: 31 (34). Tag nrho cov khoom tsim tau - 12.8%;
    • Fabkis: 24 (22). Tag nrho cov khoom tsim tau - 3.6%;
    • UK: 15 (12);
    • Canada 10 (14);
    • Netherlands: 8 (6);
    • Kaus Lim Qab Teb 8 (6)
    • Brazil 8 (6);
    • Russia 7 (7);
    • Ltalis: 7 (6);
    • Saudi Arabia 6 (6);
    • Sweden 6 (5);
    • Australia 5 (5);
    • Ireland 5;
    • Poland 5 (5);
    • Switzerland 4 (4);
    • Finland: 3 (4).
    • Singapore: 3;
    • Is Nrias teb: 3;
    • Poland: 3;
    • Norway: 3.
  • Nyob rau hauv qeb duas ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm systems siv nyob rau hauv supercomputers, tsuas yog Linux tau nyob rau rau xyoo;
  • Kev faib tawm los ntawm Linux kev faib tawm (hauv kab ke - 6 lub hlis dhau los):
    • 47.8% (47.8%) tsis qhia txog kev faib khoom;
    • 17.2% (18.2%) siv CentOS;
    • 9.6% (8.8%) - RHEL;
    • 9% (8%) - Cray Linux;
    • 5.4% (5.2%) - Ubuntu;
    • 3.8% (3.8%) - SUSE;
    • 0.8% (0.8%) - Alma Linux;
    • 0.8% (0.8%) - Rocky Linux;
    • 0.2% (0.2%) - Kev tshawb fawb Linux.
  • Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus kev ua tau zoo rau kev nkag mus rau Top500 rau 6 lub hlis yog 1.73 petaflops (rau lub hlis dhau los - 1.65 petaflops). Plaub xyoos dhau los, tsuas yog 272 pawg tau pom qhov ua tau zoo tshaj li petaflop, tsib xyoos dhau los - 138, rau xyoo dhau los - 94). Rau Top100, qhov pib nkag tau nce los ntawm 5.39 mus rau 9.22 petaflops;
  • Tag nrho cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm tag nrho cov tshuab hauv qhov kev ntsuam xyuas dhau 6 lub hlis nce ntawm 4.4 mus rau 4.8 exaflops (peb xyoos dhau los nws yog 1.650 exaflops, thiab tsib xyoos dhau los - 749 petaflops). Lub kaw lus kaw qhov qeb duas tam sim no yog nyob rau hauv 458th qhov chaw hauv qhov teeb meem kawg;
  • Kev faib tawm dav dav ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm supercomputers nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb no yog raws li nram no: 218 supercomputers nyob rau hauv Asia (229 - rau lub hlis dhau los), 137 nyob rau hauv North America (141) thiab 131 nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe (118), 8 nyob rau hauv South America. (6), 5 hauv Oceania (5) thiab 1 hauv Africa (1);
  • Raws li lub hauv paus processor, Intel CPUs nyob rau hauv cov hlau lead - 75.6% (rau lub hlis dhau los nws yog 77.4%), AMD yog nyob rau hauv thib ob qhov chaw nrog 20.2% (18.8%), thiab IBM Power yog nyob rau hauv peb qhov chaw - 1.4% (yog 1.4). %).
  • 22.2% (rau lub hlis dhau los 20%) ntawm tag nrho cov siv processors muaj 24 cores, 15.8% (15%) - 64 cores, 14.2% (19.2%) - 20 cores, 8.4% (8.8%) - 16 cores, 7.6% ( 8.2% ) - 18 cores, 6% - 28 cores, 5% (5.4%) - 12 cores.
  • 177 tawm ntawm 500 lub tshuab (rau lub hlis dhau los - 167) ntxiv rau siv accelerators lossis coprocessors, thaum 161 systems siv NVIDIA chips, 9 - AMD, 2 - Intel Xeon Phi (los ntawm 5), 1 - PEZY (1), 1 - MN- Core, 1 - Matrix-2000;
  • Ntawm cov tuam txhab lag luam, Lenovo tau ua thawj qhov chaw nrog 32% (rau lub hlis dhau los 32%), Hewlett-Packard Enterprise tau thib ob nrog 20.2% (19.2%), Inspur tau thib peb nrog 10% (10%), tom qab ntawd Atos - 8.6% (8.4%), Sugon 6.8% (7.2%), Dell EMC 3.6% (3.4%), NVIDIA 2.8% (2.8%), NEC 2.4% (2%), Fujitsu 2% (2.6%), MEGWARE 1.2 %, Penguin Computing - 1.2% (1.2%), IBM 1.2% (1.2%), Huawei 0.4% (1.4%).
  • Ethernet yog siv los txuas cov nodes hauv 46.6% (rau lub hlis dhau los 45.4%) ntawm pawg, InfiniBand yog siv hauv 38.8% (39.2%) ntawm pawg, Omnipath - 7.2% (7.8%). Saib ntawm tag nrho cov kev ua tau zoo, InfiniBand-based systems account rau 33.6% (32.4%) ntawm Top500 qhov kev ua tau zoo tag nrho, thaum Ethernet suav rau 46.2% (45.1%).

Nyob rau yav tom ntej, kev tshaj tawm ntawm ib tsab tshiab ntawm lwm qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm pawg kab ke Graph 500, tsom mus rau kev ntsuam xyuas kev ua tau zoo ntawm supercomputer platforms cuam tshuam nrog simulating cov txheej txheem ntawm lub cev thiab cov dej num rau kev ua cov ntaub ntawv loj loj rau cov tshuab zoo li no. Lub Green500, HPCG (High-Performance Conjugate Gradient) thiab HPL-AI kev ntsuam xyuas tau ua ke nrog Top500 thiab tau cuam tshuam rau hauv qhov kev ntaus nqi Top500.

Tau qhov twg los: opennet.ru

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