Peb tham txog lwm txoj hauv kev rau kev tsim cov khoom lag luam semiconductor.
/ duab Unsplash
Zaum kawg hais txog cov ntaub ntawv uas tuaj yeem hloov silicon hauv kev tsim cov transistors thiab nthuav lawv lub peev xwm. Niaj hnub no peb tab tom tham txog lwm txoj hauv kev rau kev tsim cov khoom lag luam semiconductor thiab lawv yuav siv li cas hauv cov ntaub ntawv chaw.
Piezoelectric transistors
Cov khoom siv no muaj piezoelectric thiab piezoresistive Cheebtsam hauv lawv cov qauv. Thawj converts hluav taws xob impulses rau hauv suab impulses. Qhov thib ob absorbs cov suab tsis, compresses thiab, raws li, qhib los yog kaw lub transistor. Samarium selenide () - nyob ntawm qhov siab xws li ib tug semiconductor (siab kuj) los yog raws li ib tug hlau.
IBM yog ib tus thawj coj los qhia txog lub tswv yim ntawm piezoelectric transistor. Lub tuam txhab engineers tau koom nrog kev txhim kho hauv cheeb tsam no . Lawv cov npoj yaig los ntawm UK National Physical Laboratory, University of Edinburgh thiab Auburn kuj tseem ua haujlwm hauv cov lus qhia no.
Lub piezoelectric transistor dissipates lub zog tsawg dua li cov khoom siv silicon. Technology ua ntej nyob rau hauv me me gadgets los ntawm uas nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau tshem tawm cua sov - smartphones, xov tooj cua, radars.
Piezoelectric transistors tuaj yeem nrhiav tau daim ntawv thov hauv server processors rau cov chaw zov me nyuam. Cov thev naus laus zis yuav ua rau kom muaj zog ntawm cov khoom siv kho vajtse thiab yuav txo cov nqi ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm cov ntaub ntawv hauv IT infrastructure.
Qhov tob transistors
Ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem tseem ceeb rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob semiconductor yog tsim cov transistors uas tuaj yeem hloov tau ntawm cov hluav taws xob tsawg. Qhov transistors tuaj yeem daws qhov teeb meem no. Cov cuab yeej zoo li no tau tswj xyuas siv .
Yog li, thaum siv cov hluav taws xob sab nraud, lub transistor hloov sai dua vim tias cov hluav taws xob muaj feem cuam tshuam rau dielectric barrier. Yog li ntawd, cov cuab yeej xav tau ntau zaus tsawg dua qhov hluav taws xob ua haujlwm.
Cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm MIPT thiab Nyij Pooj Tohoku University tab tom tsim qhov tunnel transistors. Lawv siv ob txheej graphene rau ib qho khoom siv uas ua haujlwm 10-100 npaug sai dua li nws cov khoom siv silicon. Raws li engineers, lawv technology tsim processors uas yuav muaj nees nkaum npaug ntau tshaj li niaj hnub flagship qauv.
/ duab PD
Nyob rau lub sijhawm sib txawv, cov qauv ntawm qhov chaw transistors tau siv ntau yam ntaub ntawv - ntxiv rau graphene, lawv tau ua. ΠΈ . Txawm li cas los xij, thev naus laus zis tseem tsis tau tso cov phab ntsa ntawm chav kuaj, thiab tsis muaj kev sib tham txog kev tsim khoom loj ntawm cov khoom siv raws li nws.
Hloov cov transistors
Lawv txoj haujlwm yog ua raws li kev txav ntawm electron spin. Cov spins txav nrog kev pab los ntawm ib qho kev sib nqus sab nraud, uas txiav txim rau lawv nyob rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia thiab ua ib tug kiv tam sim no. Cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm nrog qhov tam sim no siv ib puas lub sij hawm tsawg zog dua silicon transistors, thiab ntawm tus nqi ntawm ib billion zaug ib ob.
Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm spin devices lawv versatility. Lawv muab cov haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia, lub ntsuas ntsuas rau kev nyeem nws, thiab hloov pauv mus rau lwm lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov nti.
Ntseeg tias tau pioneered lub tswvyim ntawm ib tug spinistor engineers Supriyo Datta thiab Biswajit Das hauv 1990. Txij thaum ntawd los, cov tuam txhab IT loj tau coj txoj kev loj hlob hauv cheeb tsam no, . Txawm li cas los xij, ua li cas engineers, spinistors tseem yog ib txoj hauv kev ntev los ntawm kev tshwm sim hauv cov neeg siv khoom.
Hlau-rau-air transistors
Ntawm nws lub hauv paus, cov qauv kev khiav hauj lwm thiab kev tsim cov hlau-cua transistor yog reminiscent ntawm transistors . Nrog qee qhov kev zam: qhov ntws thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov transistor tshiab yog hlau electrodes. Lub shutter ntawm lub cuab yeej yog nyob rau hauv qab lawv thiab yog insulated nrog ib tug oxide zaj duab xis.
Cov dej ntws thiab qhov chaw tau teeb tsa ntawm qhov deb ntawm peb caug nanometers ntawm ib leeg, uas tso cai rau cov hluav taws xob hla mus los ntawm qhov chaw huab cua. Kev sib pauv ntawm cov khoom them nqi tshwm sim vim .
Kev loj hlob ntawm hlau-rau-huab cua transistors ib pab neeg los ntawm University of Melbourne - RMIT. Cov kws tshaj lij hais tias cov thev naus laus zis yuav "ua lub neej tshiab" rau hauv Moore txoj cai thiab ua kom nws muaj peev xwm tsim tau tag nrho 3D tes hauj lwm los ntawm transistors. Chip cov tuam txhab yuav tuaj yeem tso tseg tsis muaj qhov kawg txo cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis thiab pib tsim cov qauv 3D compact.
Raws li cov neeg tsim khoom, kev khiav hauj lwm zaus ntawm hom tshiab ntawm transistors yuav dhau ntau pua gigahertz. Kev tso tawm thev naus laus zis rau cov neeg coob coob yuav nthuav dav lub peev xwm ntawm cov tshuab xam zauv thiab ua kom cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov servers hauv cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv.
Pab neeg tam sim no tab tom nrhiav rau cov tub ua lag luam los txuas ntxiv lawv cov kev tshawb fawb thiab daws teeb meem thev naus laus zis. Cov dej ntws thiab qhov chaw electrodes yaj nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm hluav taws xob teb - qhov no txo ββcov kev ua tau zoo ntawm transistor. Lawv npaj yuav kho qhov tsis txaus nyob rau ob peb xyoos tom ntej no. Tom qab no, engineers yuav pib npaj coj cov khoom mus rau kev ua lag luam.
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