Tom qab ob xyoos ntawm kev loj hlob tso tawm (), muaj rau kaum kev txhawb nqa : Intel IA-32 / x86 (i686), AMD64 / x86-64, ARM EABI (armel), 64-ntsis ARM (arm64), ARMv7 (armhf), MIPS (mips, mipsel, mips64el), PowerPC 64 (ppc64el) thiab IBM System z (s390x). Hloov tshiab rau Debian 10 yuav raug tso tawm nyob rau lub sijhawm 5 xyoos.
Lub chaw cia khoom muaj 57703 binary pob, uas yog kwv yees li 6 txhiab ntau tshaj li qhov tau muab rau hauv Debian 9. Piv rau Debian 9, 13370 cov pob khoom tshiab binary tau ntxiv, 7278 (13%) cov pob khoom siv tsis tau lossis tso tseg tau raug tshem tawm, 35532 ( %) pob khoom tau hloov kho. Rau 62% ntawm pob khoom kev txhawb nqa rau kev tsim rov ua dua, uas tso cai rau koj kom paub meej tias cov ntaub ntawv ua tiav tau tsim raws nraim los ntawm cov lej tshaj tawm thiab tsis muaj cov kev hloov pauv ntxiv, qhov hloov pauv uas, piv txwv li, tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev tawm tsam cov txheej txheem sib dhos lossis bookmarks hauv compiler. .
rau Cov duab DVD uas tuaj yeem rub tawm los ntawm , los yog Cov. Ib yam ntxiv Ib daim duab tsis raug cai uas tsis muaj kev teeb tsa uas suav nrog tus tswv firmware. Tsim rau amd64 thiab i386 architectures , muaj nyob rau hauv GNOME, KDE thiab Xfce flavours, nrog rau ntau qhov chaw DVD sib txuas cov pob khoom rau amd64 platform nrog cov pob ntxiv rau i386 architecture. Ntxiv kev txhawb nqa rau cov duab rub tawm hauv lub network (netboot) rau SD phaib thiab cov duab uas haum rau 16 GB USB Flash;
Hauv Debian 10.0:
- kev txhawb nqa rau UEFI Secure Boot, uas siv Shim khau raj loader, tau ntawv pov thawj nrog digital kos npe los ntawm Microsoft (shim-kos npe), ua ke nrog ntawv pov thawj ntawm grub kernel thiab khau raj loader (grub-efi-amd64-kos npe) los ntawm qhov project tus kheej daim ntawv pov thawj (shim ua raws li txheej txheej rau kev faib khoom siv nws tus kheej cov yuam sij). Lub shim-kos npe thiab grub-efi-ARCH-kos npe pob khoom suav nrog tsim kev vam khom rau amd64, i386 thiab arm64. Lub bootloader thiab grub, tau lees paub los ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj ua haujlwm, suav nrog EFI cov duab rau amd64, i386 thiab arm64. Cia peb nco qab tias Secure Boot kev txhawb nqa tau pib xav tau hauv Debian 9, tab sis nws tsis ruaj khov ua ntej tso tawm thiab raug ncua mus txog rau qhov kev nthuav tawm loj tom ntej;
- Enabled los ntawm lub neej ntawd yog kev txhawb nqa rau AppArmor yuav tsum nkag mus tswj qhov system, uas tso cai rau koj los tswj lub zog ntawm cov txheej txheem los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov npe ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov cai tsim nyog (nyeem, sau, nco daim ntawv qhia thiab khiav, teeb tsa cov ntaub ntawv kaw, thiab lwm yam) rau txhua tus. daim ntawv thov, nrog rau kev tswj hwm kev nkag mus hauv network (piv txwv li, txwv tsis pub siv ICMP) thiab tswj POSIX peev xwm. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm AppArmor thiab SELinux yog SELinux ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntawv sau nrog cov khoom, thaum AppArmor txiav txim siab kev tso cai raws li cov ntaub ntawv txoj kev, uas ua rau cov txheej txheem teeb tsa yooj yim heev. Lub pob tseem ceeb nrog AppArmor muab kev tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv tsuas yog qee daim ntawv thov, thiab rau tus so koj yuav tsum siv apparmor-profiles-ntxiv pob lossis cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb;
- Hloov iptables, ip6tables, arptables thiab ebtables nftables pob ntawv lim, uas tam sim no yog lub neej ntawd thiab yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev sib koom ua ke pob ntawv lim dej cuam tshuam rau IPv4, IPv6, ARP thiab txuas txuas txuas hauv network. Nftables tsuas yog muaj kev sib koom ua ke, raws tu qauv-kev ywj pheej interface ntawm cov ntsiav qib uas muab cov haujlwm yooj yim rau kev rho tawm cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm pob ntawv, ua cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm, thiab tswj kev ntws. Cov logic filtering nws tus kheej thiab raws tu qauv tshwj xeeb tuav tau muab tso ua ke rau hauv bytecode nyob rau hauv cov neeg siv qhov chaw, tom qab uas cov bytecode no yog loaded rau hauv lub ntsiav siv Netlink interface thiab tua nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb virtual tshuab reminiscent ntawm BPF (Berkeley Packet Filters);
Los ntawm lub neej ntawd, iptables-nft pob raug teeb tsa, uas muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los xyuas kom muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog iptables, muaj tib cov kab lus hais ua ke, tab sis txhais cov kev cai tshwm sim rau hauv nf_tables bytecode, tua hauv lub tshuab virtual. iptables-legacy pob yog xaiv tau rau kev teeb tsa, qub kev siv raws li x_tables. iptables executables yog tam sim no ntsia rau hauv / usr / sbin es tsis yog / sbin (symlinks yog tsim rau compatibility);
- Rau APT, ib hom kev cais sandbox yog siv, qhib los ntawm APT:: Sandbox:: Seccomp kev xaiv thiab muab kev lim dej ntawm kev hu xov tooj siv seccomp-BPF. Txhawm rau kho cov npe dawb thiab cov npe dub ntawm kev hu xov tooj, koj tuaj yeem siv cov npe APT::Sandbox::Seccomp::Trap thiab APT::Sandbox::Seccomp::Allow;
- Linux kernel hloov kho rau version 4.19;
- GNOME desktop tau hloov mus rau Wayland los ntawm lub neej ntawd, thiab X server-raws li kev sib tham tau muab los ua ib qho kev xaiv (X server tseem suav nrog ua ib feem ntawm lub hauv paus pob). Hloov kho cov duab kab ke thiab cov neeg siv ib puag ncig: , , Cinnamon 3.8, LXDE 0.99.2, , , thiab Xfce 4.12. Office suite LibreOffice hloov tshiab los tso tawm , thiab Calligra ua ntej tso . Hloov kho Evolution 3.30, GIMP 2.10.8, Inkscape 0.92.4, Vim 8.1;
- Qhov kev faib tawm suav nrog lub tshuab sau rau cov lus Rust (Rustc 1.34 yog muab). Hloov kho GCC 8.3, LLVM/Clang 7.0.1, OpenJDK 11, Perl 5.28, PHP 7.3, Python 3.7.2;
- Cov ntawv thov neeg rau zaub mov tau hloov kho, suav nrog Apache httpd 2.4.38, BIND 9.11, Dovecot 2.3.4, Exim 4.92, Postfix 3.3.2, MariaDB 10.3, nginx 1.14, PostgreSQL 11, Samba 4.9 (SMBvkernel txhawb nqa);
- Hauv cryptsetup hloov mus rau LUKS2 disk encryption hom (yav dhau los LUKS1 tau siv). LUKS2 yog qhov txawv los ntawm qhov yooj yim ntawm kev tswj hwm qhov tseem ceeb, muaj peev xwm siv cov haujlwm loj (4096 hloov 512, txo cov load thaum lub sij hawm decryption), cov cim muab faib (daim ntawv lo) thiab cov cuab yeej metadata backup nrog lub peev xwm kom rov qab tau lawv los ntawm daim ntawv yog kuaj pom kev puas tsuaj. Cov txheej txheem hloov kho tshiab yuav cia li hloov LUKS1 ntu uas twb muaj lawm mus rau LUKS2 hom ntawv sib xws, tab sis vim muaj qhov txwv me me, tsis yog txhua yam tshiab yuav muaj rau lawv;
- Lub installer tau ntxiv lub peev xwm los siv ntau lub consoles ib txhij thaum lub installation txheej txheem. Kev txhawb nqa ReiserFS tau raug tshem tawm. Ntxiv kev txhawb nqa rau ZSTD compression (libzstd) rau Btrfs. Ntxiv kev txhawb nqa rau NVMe li;
- Nyob rau hauv debootstrap, qhov "--merged-usr" kev xaiv yog qhib los ntawm lub neej ntawd, nyob rau hauv uas tag nrho cov executable cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov tsev qiv ntawv los ntawm lub hauv paus directory raug tsiv mus rau lub / usr muab faib (lub /bin, / sbin thiab / lib * directory yog tsim los ua. cov cim txuas mus rau cov npe sib txuas hauv / usr). Qhov kev hloov pauv tsuas yog siv rau kev teeb tsa tshiab; cov ntawv teev npe qub tau khaws cia thaum lub sijhawm hloov tshiab;
- Nyob rau hauv lub unattended-upgrades pob, ntxiv rau kev txhim kho kev hloov kho tshiab cuam tshuam txog kev tshem tawm qhov tsis zoo, hloov kho mus rau qhov nruab nrab tso tawm (Debian 10.1, 10.2, thiab lwm yam) tam sim no kuj tau qhib los ntawm lub neej ntawd;
- Printing system Cheebtsam tau hloov kho rau thiab khob-filters 1.21.6 nrog kev txhawb nqa tag nrho rau AirPrint, DNS-SD (Bonjour) thiab IPP Txhua qhov chaw rau kev luam ntawv yam tsis muaj kev txhim kho thawj zaug;
- Ntxiv kev txhawb nqa rau cov laug cam raws li Allwinner A64 processors, xws li FriendlyARM NanoPi A64, Olimex A64-OLinuXino, TERES-A64, PINE64 PINE A64/A64/A64-LTS, SOPINE, Pinebook, SINOVOIP Banana Pi BPIunrange thiab (Plus);
- Tus naj npawb ntawm med-* metapackages txhawb nqa los ntawm pab pawg Debian Med tau nthuav dav, tso cai rau koj los nruab muaj feem xyuam rau biology thiab tshuaj;
- Kev them nyiaj yug rau Xen qhua tshuab hauv PVH hom yog muab;
- OpenSSL tsis txhawb TLS 1.0 thiab 1.1 raws tu qauv; TLS 1.2 tau tshaj tawm tias yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus txhawb nqa;
- Ntau cov pob khoom qub thiab tsis tu ncua tau raug tshem tawm, suav nrog Qt 4 (tsuas yog Qt 5 nkaus xwb), phpmyadmin, ipsec-tools, racoon, ssmtp, ecryptfs-utils, mcelog, kev tshwm sim. Debian 11 yuav xaus kev txhawb nqa rau Python 2;
- Ib qhov chaw nres nkoj tau tsim rau 64-ntsis RISC-V architecture, uas tsis raug lees paub hauv Debian 10. Tam sim no, rau RISC-V txog 90% ntawm tag nrho cov pob khoom;
- Ib qho kev tsim kho ntawm tus kheej tsim qauv tsim tau pib siv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nyob nrog Qt-raws li interface, uas kuj tseem siv los teeb tsa kev teeb tsa ntawm Manjaro, Sabayon, Chakra, NetRunner, KaOS, OpenMandriva thiab KDE neon distributions. Kev txhim kho tsis tu ncua txuas ntxiv siv debian-installer.
Ntxiv rau cov uas muaj yav tas los, ib puag ncig nyob nrog LXQt desktop thiab nyob ib puag ncig yam tsis muaj graphical interface, tsuas yog nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas ua rau lub hauv paus system, tau tsim. Lub console Live ib puag ncig tuaj yeem siv los txhim kho kev faib tawm sai heev, txij li, tsis zoo li cov duab teeb tsa ib txwm muaj, cov ntawv npaj ua tiav tau muab luam tawm, tsis tas yuav qhib ib pob khoom siv dpkg.
Tau qhov twg los: opennet.ru