ProHoster > Π‘Π»ΠΎΠ³ > xov xwm hauv internet > Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 faib tawm

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 faib tawm

Lub tuam txhab Red Hat luam tawm kev tso tawm Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8. Kev teeb tsa cov rooj sib txoos tau npaj rau x86_64, s390x (IBM System z), ppc64le thiab Aarch64 architectures, tab sis muaj rau downloads tsuas yog rau npe Red Hat Customer Portal cov neeg siv. Cov peev txheej ntawm Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 rpm pob tau muab faib los ntawm Git repository CentOS. Kev faib tawm yuav raug txhawb kom txog thaum tsawg kawg 2029.

Cov technologies suav nrog hauv Fedora 28. Cov ceg tshiab yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev hloov mus rau Wayland los ntawm lub neej ntawd, hloov iptables nrog nftables, hloov kho cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb (kernel 4.18, GCC 8), siv tus thawj tswj pob DNF hloov YUM, siv lub chaw cia khoom modular, xaus kev txhawb nqa rau KDE thiab Btrfs.

Ntsiab hloov:

  • Hloov mus rau tus thawj tswj pob DNF nrog kev muab cov txheej txheem rau kev sib raug zoo nrog Yum ntawm qib kev xaiv kab lus. Piv nrog rau Yum, DNF tau pom tias muaj kev nrawm dua thiab qis dua kev siv lub cim xeeb, tswj kev ua haujlwm zoo dua thiab txhawb nqa pawg pob khoom rau hauv cov qauv;
  • Muab faib rau hauv BaseOS repository thiab modular AppStream repository. BaseOS faib cov pob khoom tsawg kawg nkaus uas xav tau rau lub kaw lus ua haujlwm; txhua yam ntxiv rov teem dua mus rau AppStream repository. AppStream tuaj yeem siv tau rau hauv ob lub versions: raws li classic RPM repository thiab raws li ib tug repository nyob rau hauv ib tug modular hom.

    Modular repository muaj cov txheej txheem ntawm rpm cov pob khoom ua ke rau hauv cov qauv, uas tau txais kev txhawb nqa tsis hais txog kev faib tawm. Modules tuaj yeem siv los txhim kho lwm cov qauv ntawm ib daim ntawv thov tshwj xeeb (piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem nruab PostgreSQL 9.6 lossis PostgreSQL 10). Lub koom haum modular tso cai rau tus neeg siv hloov mus rau qhov tseem ceeb tshaj tawm tshiab ntawm daim ntawv thov yam tsis tau tos rau qhov kev tso tawm tshiab ntawm kev faib tawm thiab nyob twj ywm rau qub, tab sis tseem muaj kev txhawb nqa, cov qauv tom qab hloov kho qhov kev faib tawm. Modules suav nrog cov ntawv thov hauv paus thiab cov tsev qiv ntawv tsim nyog rau nws txoj haujlwm (lwm cov qauv siv tau los ua kev vam khom);

  • Npaj ua lub neej ntawd desktop GNOME 3.28 siv Wayland-based zaub server los ntawm lub neej ntawd. Ib qho chaw X.Org Server raws li ib puag ncig muaj kev xaiv. Cov pob khoom nrog KDE desktop tau raug cais tawm, tsuas yog GNOME kev txhawb nqa;
  • Lub pob Linux ntsiav yog raws li kev tso tawm 4.18. Enabled li default compiler GCC 8.2. Lub tsev qiv ntawv glibc tau hloov kho kom tso tawm 2.28.
  • Lub neej ntawd ua raws li Python programming lus yog Python 3.6. Kev txhawb nqa txwv rau Python 2.7 yog muab. Python tsis suav nrog hauv cov pob yooj yim; nws yuav tsum tau teeb tsa ntxiv. Hloov tshiab ntawm Ruby 2.5, PHP 7.2, Perl 5.26, Node.js 10, Java 8 thiab 11, Clang/LLVM Toolset 6.0, .NET Core 2.1, Git 2.17, Mercurial 4.8, Subversion 1.10. CMake tsim system (3.11) suav nrog;
  • Ntxiv kev txhawb nqa rau kev txhim kho qhov system ntawm NVDIMM drives rau Anaconda installer;
  • Lub peev xwm los encrypt disks siv LUKS2 hom tau ntxiv rau lub installer thiab lub kaw lus, uas tau hloov cov hom ntawv LUKS1 yav dhau los (hauv dm-crypt thiab cryptsetup LUKS2 tam sim no muaj los ntawm lub neej ntawd). LUKS2 yog qhov tseem ceeb rau nws txoj kev tswj hwm yooj yim, muaj peev xwm siv cov haujlwm loj (4096 es tsis txhob 512, txo cov load thaum lub sij hawm decryption), cov cim muab faib (label) thiab metadata backup cov cuab yeej nrog lub peev xwm los rov qab los ntawm ib daim ntawv yog tias kuaj pom kev puas tsuaj.
  • Kev siv hluav taws xob Composer tshiab tau ntxiv, muab cov cuab yeej tsim kho kom haum bootable system cov duab tsim nyog rau kev xa mus rau hauv ib puag ncig ntawm ntau lub platform huab;
  • Tshem tawm kev txhawb nqa rau Btrfs cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus. Lub btrfs.ko kernel module, btrfs-progs utilities, thiab pob snapper tsis suav nrog;
  • Cov cuab yeej suav nrog Stratis, uas muab cov cuab yeej los sib sau ua ke thiab yooj yim rau kev teeb tsa thiab kev tswj hwm ntawm ib lub pas dej ntawm ib lossis ntau lub hauv zos drives. Stratis yog siv los ua ib txheej (stratisd daemon) ua rau saum cov cuab yeej mapper thiab XFS subsystem, thiab tso cai rau koj siv cov yam ntxwv xws li kev faib khoom dynamic, snapshots, kev ruaj ntseg ruaj khov thiab tsim cov txheej txheem caching, tsis muaj kev tsim nyog ntawm tus kws tshaj lij hauv kev tswj hwm qhov system cia;
  • Cov kev cai thoob plaws lub cev rau kev teeb tsa cryptographic subsystems tau raug coj los siv, suav nrog TLS, IPSec, SSH, DNSSec thiab Kerberos raws tu qauv. Siv qhov hloov tshiab-crypto-cov cai hais kom ua tam sim no koj tuaj yeem xaiv ib qho ntawm
    hom kev xaiv cryptographic algorithms: default, legacy, yav tom ntej thiab fips. Kev tso tawm yog qhib los ntawm lub neej ntawd Qhib SSL 1.1.1 nrog TLS 1.3 kev txhawb nqa;

  • Muab kev txhawb nqa thoob plaws rau cov npav ntse thiab HSM (Hardware Security Modules) nrog PKCS # 11 cryptographic tokens;
  • Cov iptables, ip6tables, arptables thiab ebtables pob ntawv lim tau raug hloov los ntawm nftables pob ntawv lim, uas tam sim no siv los ntawm lub neej ntawd thiab tseem ceeb rau kev sib koom ua ke ntawm pob ntawv lim interfaces rau IPv4, IPv6, ARP thiab network txuas hniav. Nftables tsuas yog muaj kev sib koom ua ke, raws tu qauv-kev ywj pheej interface ntawm cov ntsiav qib uas muab cov haujlwm yooj yim rau kev rho tawm cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm pob ntawv, ua cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm, thiab tswj kev ntws. Cov logic filtering nws tus kheej thiab raws tu qauv tshwj xeeb tuav tau muab tso ua ke rau hauv bytecode nyob rau hauv cov neeg siv qhov chaw, tom qab uas no bytecode yog loaded rau hauv lub ntsiav siv Netlink interface thiab tua nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb virtual tshuab reminiscent ntawm BPF (Berkeley Packet Filters). Lub firewalld daemon tau hloov mus siv nftables raws li nws lub neej ntawd backend. Txhawm rau hloov cov kev cai qub, iptables-txhais lus thiab ip6tables-txhais lus tau muab ntxiv;
  • Txhawm rau kom muaj kev sib txuas lus network ntawm ntau lub thawv, kev txhawb nqa rau cov neeg tsav tsheb tsim lub IPVLAN virtual network tau ntxiv;
  • Cov pob yooj yim suav nrog nginx http server (1.14). Apache httpd tau hloov kho rau version 2.4.35, thiab OpenSSH rau 7.8p1.

    Los ntawm DBMS, MySQL 8.0, MariaDB 10.3, PostgreSQL 9.6/10 thiab Redis 4.0 muaj nyob hauv cov chaw cia khoom. MongoDB DBMS tsis suav nrog vim kev hloov rau daim ntawv tso cai SSPL tshiab, uas tseem tsis tau lees paub tias yog qhib;

  • Cov khoom siv rau virtualization tau hloov kho dua tshiab. Los ntawm lub neej ntawd, thaum tsim cov tshuab virtual, hom siv Q35 (ICH9 chipset emulation) nrog kev txhawb nqa PCI Express. Tam sim no koj tuaj yeem siv Cockpit web interface los tsim thiab tswj cov tshuab virtual. Lub virt-manager interface tau raug deprecated. QEMU hloov kho rau version 2.12. QEMU siv hom kev cais sandbox, uas txwv lub kaw lus hu uas QEMU cov khoom siv tau;
  • Ntxiv kev txhawb nqa rau eBPF-based tracing mechanisms, suav nrog kev siv SystemTap (4.0) toolkit. Cov khoom muaj xws li cov khoom siv rau kev sib dhos thiab thauj khoom BPF cov kev pab cuam;
  • Ntxiv kev txhawb nqa kev sim rau XDP (eXpress Data Path) subsystem, uas tso cai rau khiav BPF cov kev pab cuam ntawm Linux ntawm qib tsav tsheb nrog lub peev xwm nkag mus ncaj qha rau DMA pob ntawv tsis pub dhau thiab ntawm theem ua ntej skbuff tsis yog faib los ntawm pawg network;
  • Cov khoom siv boom tau ntxiv los tswj cov chaw bootloader. Boom ua kom yooj yim rau kev ua haujlwm xws li tsim cov khau raj tshiab, piv txwv li, yog tias koj xav tau khau raj los ntawm LVM snapshot. Boom tsuas yog txwv rau kev ntxiv cov khau raj tshiab thiab tsis tuaj yeem siv los hloov kho cov uas twb muaj lawm;
  • Integrated lightweight toolkit rau kev tswj cov thawv cais, uas yog siv los tsim cov thawv Buildah, rau pib - podman thiab nrhiav cov duab npaj txhij- Skopeo;
  • Cov peev xwm cuam tshuam nrog kev sib koom ua ke tau nthuav dav. Pacemaker pawg thawj tswj hwm tau hloov kho rau version 2.0. Hauv kev siv hluav taws xob pcs Kev them nyiaj yug tag nrho rau Corosync 3, knet thiab node lub npe hu yog muab;
  • Classic scripts rau teeb tsa lub network (network-scripts) tau tshaj tawm tias tsis siv lawm thiab tsis muab los ntawm lub neej ntawd. Txhawm rau kom rov qab sib raug zoo, es tsis txhob ntawm ifup thiab ifdown scripts, khi tau ntxiv rau NetworkManager, ua haujlwm los ntawm nmcli utility;
  • Tshem tawm pob khoom: crypto-utils, cvs, dmraid, empathy, ntiv tes, gnote, gstreamer, ImageMagick, mgetty, phonon, pm-utils, rdist, ntp (hloov los ntawm chrony), qemu (hloov los ntawm qemu-kvm), qt (hloov los ntawm qt5-qt), rsh, rt, rubygems (tam sim no suav nrog hauv pob ruby ​​tseem ceeb), system-config-firewall, tcp_wrappers, wxGTK.
  • Npaj ib daim duab universal (UBI, Universal Base Duab) rau kev tsim cov thawv cais, suav nrog tso cai rau koj los tsim cov thawv rau ib daim ntawv thov. UBI suav nrog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus stripped-down ib puag ncig, runtime add-ons los txhawb cov lus programming (nodejs, ruby, python, php, perl) thiab ib txheej ntawm cov pob ntxiv hauv qhov chaw cia khoom.

    • Tau qhov twg los: opennet.ru

Ntxiv ib saib