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Tso tawm Ubuntu 20.04 LTS cov khoom siv faib khoom

coj qhov chaw kev tso tawm Ubuntu 20.04 "Focal Fossa", uas yog cais raws li kev txhawb nqa mus sij hawm ntev (LTS) tso tawm, rau qhov kev hloov kho tshiab tau tsim nyob rau hauv 5-xyoo lub sijhawm txog lub Plaub Hlis 2025. Kev teeb tsa thiab khau raj cov duab yog tsim rau Ubuntu, Ubuntu Server, Lub neej, Kubuntu, Ubuntu ua niam txiv, Ubuntu
Budgie, Ubuntu Studio, Xubuntu thiab UbuntuKylin (Tuam Tshoj tsab).

ntsiab hloov:

  • Desktop hloov tshiab ua ntej tso tawm GNOME 3.36, uas tau qhia txog hom "tsis txhob cuam tshuam" rau ib ntus zais cov ntawv ceeb toom tshiab, ntxiv ib daim ntawv thov cais rau kev tswj cov add-ons rau GNOME Plhaub, ua kom zoo dua qhov tsim ntawm tus ID nkag mus thiab tshuaj ntsuam xauv interfaces, rov tsim dua feem ntau cov lus sib tham, thiab ntxiv cov haujlwm rau kev tshaj tawm cov ntawv thov siv ib qho GPU discrete ntawm cov kab ke nrog cov duab hybrid, lub peev xwm los hloov npe cov npe nrog cov ntawv thov tau siv nyob rau hauv hom kev saib xyuas, qhov kev xaiv los pab cov niam txiv tswj hwm tau ntxiv rau qhov pib teeb tsa wizard, thiab lwm yam.
    Tso tawm Ubuntu 20.04 LTS cov khoom siv faib khoom

  • Lub ntsiab lus Yaru lub neej ntawd tau raug kho dua tshiab, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau yav dhau los muaj tsaus nti (dub headers, tsaus tom qab thiab maub controls) thiab lub teeb (tsaus headers, lub teeb tom qab thiab lub teeb tswj) hom, ib tug thib peb tag nrho lub teeb kev xaiv yuav tshwm sim. Kev tsim qauv tshiab rau cov ntawv qhia zaub mov thiab daim ntawv thov zaub mov tau raug npaj. Ntxiv cov cim npe tshiab uas tau kho kom zoo rau kev tso saib ntawm lub teeb thiab tsaus ntuj.

    Tso tawm Ubuntu 20.04 LTS cov khoom siv faib khoom

    Ib qho tshiab interface tau siv los hloov cov ntsiab lus xaiv.

    Tso tawm Ubuntu 20.04 LTS cov khoom siv faib khoom

  • Kev ua tau zoo ntawm GNOME Plhaub thiab tus thawj tswj qhov rais tau ua kom zoo. Txo CPU thauj khoom thiab txo qis qeeb thaum lub sijhawm ua yeeb yaj kiab ua haujlwm thaum tswj qhov rais, txav tus nas, thiab qhib hom kev saib xyuas.
  • Ntxiv kev txhawb nqa rau 10-ntsis xim qhov tob.
  • Rau X11, kev txhawb nqa rau qhov kev ntsuas feem ntau tau ua tiav, uas yav dhau los tsuas yog muaj thaum siv Wayland. Cov yam ntxwv no tso cai rau koj xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntxaij vab tshaus nrog siab pixel ceev (HiDPI), piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem nce cov ntsiab lus nthuav tawm tsis yog los ntawm 2 zaug, tab sis los ntawm 1.5.
  • Ntxiv ib tug tshiab splash screen uas tshwm nyob rau hauv khau raj.
  • Lub cim rau kev ceev ceev los ntawm Amazon online khw tau raug tshem tawm.
  • Linux kernel hloov kho kom tso tawm 5.4. Raws li nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg tso, LZ4 algorithm yog siv los compress cov ntsiav thiab thawj khau raj duab ntawm initramfs, uas txo cov sij hawm khau raj vim cov ntaub ntawv ceev decompression. Cov kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb piv rau 4.15 kernel siv hauv Ubuntu 18.04 LTS suav nrog kev txhawb nqa rau AMD Rome CPU, Radeon RX Vega M thiab Navi GPU, Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 SoC, Intel Cannon Lake platforms, Raspberry Pi 2B, 3B, 3A+, 3B+ boards, CM3, CM3+ thiab 4B, kev txhim kho tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj fais fab, txhim kho USB 3.2 thiab Hom-C txhawb nqa, tshiab mounting API, io_uring interface, pidfd thiab AMD SEV (Secure Encrypted Virtualization) txhawb nqa hauv KVM.
  • Hloov kho cov txheej txheem thiab cov cuab yeej tsim kho: Glibc 2.31, BlueZ 5.53, OpenJDK 11, rustc 1.41, GCC 9.3, Python 3.8.2, ruby ​​2.7.0, Ruby on Rails 5.2.3, php 7.4, perl. 5.30, perl.
  • Hloov kho cov neeg siv thiab graphical daim ntawv thov:
    Mesa 20.0, Qt 5.12.8, PulseAudio 14.0-pre, Firefox 75.0, Thunderbird 68.7.0, LibreOffice 6.4.2, GIMP 2.10.18, VLC 3.0.9.

  • Hloov kho cov ntawv thov rau servers thiab virtualization:
    QEMU 4.2, libvirt 6.0, Bind 9.16, HAProxy 2.0, OpenSSH 8.2 (nrog kev txhawb nqa rau FIDO/U2F ob-factor authentication tokens thiab muaj peev xwm tso cov chaw hauv /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/*.conf). Apache httpd muaj kev txhawb nqa TLSv1.3.

  • Ntxiv kev txhawb nqa rau VPN WireGuard.
  • Lub sijhawm chrony synchronization daemon tau hloov kho rau version 3.5 thiab tseem raug cais tawm ntawm lub kaw lus los ntawm kev sib txuas lub kaw lus hu rau lim.
  • Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev sim muaj peev xwm rau nruab rau hauv paus muab faib nrog ZFS tau txuas ntxiv mus. ZFsonLinux kev siv kho tshiab tso tawm 0.8.3 nrog kev txhawb nqa rau encryption, kub tshem tawm cov khoom siv, "zpool trim" hais kom ua, acceleration ntawm "scrub" thiab "resilver" commands. Txhawm rau tswj hwm ZFS, zsys daemon tab tom tsim, uas tso cai rau koj khiav ntau lub tshuab sib txuas nrog ZFS ntawm ib lub khoos phis tawj, automates kev tsim cov snapshots thiab tswj kev faib cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv thaum lub sijhawm tus neeg siv sib tham. Cov duab sib txawv tuaj yeem muaj cov kab ke sib txawv thiab hloov ntawm lawv. Piv txwv li, yog tias muaj teeb meem tom qab kev txhim kho qhov hloov tshiab, koj tuaj yeem rov qab mus rau lub xeev ruaj khov qub los ntawm kev xaiv cov duab snapshot yav dhau los. Snapshots kuj tuaj yeem siv los ua pob tshab thiab tuaj yeem rov qab cov ntaub ntawv tus neeg siv.
  • Piv rau yav dhau los LTS tso tawm, Snap Store tau hloov Ubuntu Software raws li lub neej ntawd interface rau kev nrhiav thiab txhim kho cov pob khoom tsis tu ncua thiab snap.
  • Kev muab tso ua ke ntawm pob khoom rau i386 architecture tau raug tso tseg. Txhawm rau txuas ntxiv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kev pabcuam qub txeeg qub teg uas tseem nyob hauv 32-ntsis daim ntawv lossis xav tau 32-ntsis cov tsev qiv ntawv, kev sib dhos thiab xa khoom yog muab sib cais 32-ntsis lub tsev qiv ntawv pob.
  • Hauv qhov system ua netplan.io, siv los khaws cov chaw sib txuas hauv network, ntxiv kev txhawb nqa rau kev teeb tsa virtual network li SR-IOV, GSM modems (ntawm NetworkManager backend), WiFi tsis muaj (bssid/band/channel). Nws tseem tuaj yeem teeb tsa ipv6-chaw nyob-tiam kev xaiv rau NetworkManager thiab emit-lldp rau networkd.
  • Python 3.8 tau ntxiv rau hauv lub hauv paus faib, thiab Python 2.7 pob tau raug tsiv mus rau lub ntiaj teb repository thiab tsis raug xa los ntawm lub neej ntawd. Cov pob Python 2.7 ntxiv nyob rau hauv kev faib khoom tau hloov kho siv tus neeg txhais lus /usr/bin/python2. Cov ntaub ntawv / usr / bin / python tsis tau teeb tsa los ntawm lub neej ntawd (cov pob python-yog-python3 yuav tsum tsim / usr / bin / python khi rau Python 3).
  • Los ntawm lub neej ntawd, rau txhua qhov kev txhawb nqa architectures, ib daim duab iso ntawm Ubuntu Server yog muaj nrog Subiquity installer ua qhov kev teeb tsa hauv hom Nyob. Subiquity txhawb kev ua haujlwm xws li kev faib disk, xaiv cov lus thiab cov keyboard layout, cov neeg siv tsim, kev sib txuas hauv network, RAID, LVM, VLAN configuration thiab network interface aggregation. Ntawm cov yam ntxwv tshiab, muaj ib qho kev teeb tsa uas siv lub JSON profile thiab lub peev xwm los nruab lub bootloader ntawm ob peb lub disks ib zaug (kom koj tuaj yeem khau raj ntawm ib qho yog tias lub bootloader puas). Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kev kho tau raug ua kom yooj yim rau kev siv encryption, kev teeb tsa ntawm multipath disks, thiab ua kom muaj kev ntseeg siab ntawm kev siv disks nrog lwm cov tshuab uas twb tau teeb tsa lawm.
  • Π’ Kubuntu KDE Plasma 5.18 desktop, KDE Applications 19.12.3 thiab Qt 5.12.5 moj khaum muaj. Lub suab paj nruag lub neej ntawd yog Elisa 19.12.3, uas hloov Cantata. Hloov kho latte-dock 0.9.10, KDEConnect 1.4.0, Krita 4.2.9, Kdevelop 5.5.0. Kev them nyiaj yug rau KDE4 thiab Qt4 daim ntawv thov raug txiav lawm. KDE PIM tau raug tshem tawm ntawm lub hauv paus kev faib tawm thiab tam sim no yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm lub chaw cia khoom. Ib qho kev sim ua raws li Wayland tau thov (tom qab txhim kho lub plasma-workspace-wayland pob, ib qho kev xaiv "Plasma (Wayland)" cov khoom tshwm nyob rau ntawm lub vijtsam nkag).
    Tso tawm Ubuntu 20.04 LTS cov khoom siv faib khoom

  • Ubuntu MATE 20.04: MATE desktop hloov tshiab rau version 1.24. Ntxiv firmware hloov tshiab interface siv fwupd. Compiz thiab Compton tau raug tshem tawm ntawm kev faib tawm. Muab tso rau ntawm qhov rais thumbnails nyob rau hauv lub vaj huam sib luag, ua hauj lwm switching interface (Alt-Tab) thiab desktop switcher. Ib lub applet tshiab rau kev qhia cov ntawv ceeb toom tau raug npaj. Evolution yog siv los ua tus neeg siv email tsis yog Thunderbird. Thaum txhim kho tus tswv NVIDIA cov tsav tsheb, uas tuaj yeem xaiv tau hauv lub installer, ib qho applet muaj rau kev hloov ntawm GPUs sib txawv hauv cov tshuab nrog hybrid graphics (NVIDIA Optimus).

    Tso tawm Ubuntu 20.04 LTS cov khoom siv faib khoom
  • Ubuntu Budgie: Los ntawm lub neej ntawd, lub applet nrog cov ntawv thov zaub mov tau qhib Stylish thiab nws tus kheej applet rau tswj kev teeb tsa network.
    Ntxiv interface rau kev hloov pauv cov duab duab nrawm (Budgie, Classic Ubuntu Budgie, Ubuntu Budgie, Cupertino, Ib qho
    thiab Redmond).
    Cov pob tseem ceeb suav nrog GNOME Firmware thiab GNOME Drawing daim ntawv thov.
    Txhim kho kev koom ua ke nrog GNOME 3.36. Budgie desktop tau hloov kho rau version 10.5.1. Ntxiv chaw rau antialiasing thiab font hinting. Los ntawm lub neej ntawd, lub system tais applet yog neeg xiam (vim muaj teeb meem ua haujlwm). Applets tau yoog rau HiDPI cov ntxaij vab tshaus.

    Tso tawm Ubuntu 20.04 LTS cov khoom siv faib khoom

  • Ubuntu Studio: Ubuntu Studio Controls cais cov chaw rau Jack Master, cov khoom siv ntxiv thiab txheej txheej rau PulseAudio. Hloov kho RaySession 0.8.3, Audacity 2.3.3, Hydrogen 1.0.0-beta2, Carla 2.1-RC2,
    Blender 2.82, KDEnlive 19.12.3, Krita 4.2.9, GIMP 2.10.18,
    Ardor 5.12.0, Scribus 1.5.5, Darktable 2.6.3, Pitivi 0.999, Inkscape 0.92.4, OBS Studio 25.0.3, MyPaint 2.0.0, Rawtherapee 5.8.

  • Π’ Xubuntu Cov tsos ntawm lub ntsiab tsaus nti tau sau tseg. Tus tsim ntawm daim ntawv thov interfaces ntsia los ntawm deb pob, snap thiab flatpak tau koom ua ke. Lub pob apt-offline, uas yuav tsum tau Python 2 ua haujlwm, nrog rau cov pob pidgin-libnotify, tau raug tshem tawm ntawm lub hauv paus pob. Xfce 4.14 daim ntawv thov versions tau hloov kho.

    Tso tawm Ubuntu 20.04 LTS cov khoom siv faib khoom

  • Lub Rau Hli 20.04 tau dhau los ua thawj LTS tso tawm kom muaj qhov chaw nyob ib puag ncig graphical LXQt (cov nkoj tso tawm 0.14.1) hloov LXDE. Discover Software Center 5.18.4 yog siv los tswj kev teeb tsa daim ntawv thov.

    Tso tawm Ubuntu 20.04 LTS cov khoom siv faib khoom

  • Tsim sib dhos Ubuntu nrog Deepin desktop. Lub phiaj xwm tseem yog ib tsab ntawv tsis raug cai ntawm Ubuntu, tab sis cov neeg tsim khoom faib khoom sib tham nrog Canonical suav nrog UbuntuDDE hauv kev tshaj tawm Ubuntu.

Tau qhov twg los: opennet.ru

Ntxiv ib saib