Tom qab yuav luag ob xyoos ntawm kev txhim kho, Qubes 4.2.0 tam sim no muaj. Nws siv lub tswv yim ntawm kev siv hypervisor rau kev cais cov ntawv thov thiab cov khoom OS (txhua chav kawm ntawm daim ntawv thov thiab cov kev pabcuam system khiav hauv cov tshuab virtual sib cais). Lub kaw lus nrog 16 GB ntawm RAM (yam tsawg kawg nkaus 6 GB) thiab 64-ntsis Intel lossis AMD CPU txhawb nqa VT-x nrog EPT / AMD-v nrog RVI thiab VT-d / AMD IOMMU raug pom zoo. Intel GPU yog qhov zoo dua (NVIDIA thiab AMD GPUs tsis tau raug sim txaus). Qhov loj me ntawm daim duab teeb tsa yog 6 GB (x86_64).
Cov ntawv thov hauv Qubes tau muab faib ua cov chav kawm nyob ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tau ua tiav thiab cov haujlwm tau daws. Txhua chav kawm ntawm kev siv (piv txwv li, kev ua haujlwm, kev lom zem, txhab nyiaj), nrog rau cov kev pabcuam hauv lub cev (lub network subsystem, firewall, cia, USB pawg, thiab lwm yam), khiav hauv cov tshuab virtual sib cais uas siv Xen hypervisor. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov ntawv thov no muaj nyob rau hauv tib lub desktop thiab tseem ceeb rau kev pom meej nrog cov xim sib txawv ntawm lub qhov rais. Txhua qhov chaw tau nyeem nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv hauv paus system thiab cov chaw khaws cia hauv zos, uas tsis sib tshooj nrog kev cia ntawm lwm qhov chaw; ib qho kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb yog siv los npaj cov ntawv thov kev sib cuam tshuam.
Lub hauv paus pob Fedora tuaj yeem siv ua lub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov chaw virtual thiab Debian, cov qauv rau Ubuntu, Gentoo thiab Arch LinuxNws ua tau los npaj kev nkag mus rau cov ntawv thov hauv lub tshuab virtual nrog Windows, nrog rau kev tsim cov tshuab virtual Raws li Whonix los muab kev nkag mus tsis qhia npe ntawm Tor. Lub interface neeg siv yog tsim los ntawm Xfce. Thaum tus neeg siv tso tawm daim ntawv thov los ntawm cov ntawv qhia zaub mov, nws pib hauv lub tshuab virtual tshwj xeeb. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov chaw ib puag ncig virtual yog txiav txim siab los ntawm ib pawg ntawm cov qauv.
Cov kev hloov loj:
- Lub chaw ib puag ncig Dom0 tau hloov kho tshiab rau Fedora 37 pob khoom puag (tus qauv rau Fedora 37-raws li virtual ib puag ncig tau qhia hauv Qubes 4.1.2 hloov tshiab dhau los).
- Qauv rau kev tsim cov chaw ib puag ncig virtual raws li Debian hloov kho rau ceg Debian 12.
- Xen hypervisor tau hloov kho rau ceg 4.17 (yav dhau los Xen 4.14 tau siv).
- Cov qauv rau kev tsim cov chaw virtual raws li Fedora thiab Debian hloov mus siv Xfce tus neeg siv ib puag ncig es tsis txhob GNOME los ntawm lub neej ntawd.
- Tus qauv ib puag ncig virtual raws li Fedora tam sim no txhawb nqa SE qhov kev tswj hwm kev nkag mus.Linux.
- Qhov kev siv ntawm daim ntawv thov zaub mov tau raug sau dua tshiab, nrog rau cov duab interfaces rau kev teeb tsa (Qubes Global Settings), tsim cov chaw tshiab (Tsim Qube Tshiab), thiab hloov kho cov qauv tshuab virtual (Qubes Hloov Tshiab).
- Qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv teeb tsa GRUB (grub.cfg) yog sib koom ua ke rau UEFI thiab classic BIOS.
- Ntxiv kev txhawb nqa multimedia neeg rau zaub mov PipeWire.
- Cov cuab yeej fwupd siv los hloov kho firmware.
- Muaj ib qho kev xaiv tau ntxiv rau kom rho tawm daim clipboard ib feeb tom qab qhov kev ua haujlwm muab tshuaj txhuam zaum kawg. Txhawm rau kom rho tawm daim clipboard tau, siv cov lus txib qvm-service --enable VMNAME gui-agent-clipboard-wipe.
- Cov cuab yeej tshiab Qubes Builder v2 yog siv los tsim cov pob khoom raug cai, uas txhim kho kev cais tawm ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim.
- Tus configurator muaj ib ntu cais rau kev tswj hwm GPG.
- Cov kev pabcuam Qrexec siv cov qauv cai Qrexec tshiab, yooj ywm dua los ntawm lub neej ntawd, txhais tau tias leej twg tuaj yeem ua dab tsi thiab qhov twg hauv Qubes. Hom cai tshiab no muab kev txhim kho kev ua tau zoo tseem ceeb thiab lub kaw lus ceeb toom uas ua rau kev kuaj mob yooj yim dua.
Tau qhov twg los: opennet.ru
