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Linux Kernel tso tawm 6.1

Tom qab ob lub hlis ntawm kev txhim kho, Linus Torvalds nthuav tawm qhov tso tawm ntawm Linux ntsiav 6.1. Ntawm cov kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws: kev txhawb nqa rau kev txhim kho cov tsav tsheb thiab cov qauv hauv cov lus Rust, kev kho tshiab ntawm cov txheej txheem rau kev txiav txim siab siv cov nplooj ntawv nco, tus thawj tswj kev nco tshwj xeeb rau BPF cov kev pab cuam, lub kaw lus rau kev kuaj xyuas teeb meem nco KMSAN, KCFI (Kernelk Control -Flow Integrity) kev tiv thaiv mechanism, kev taw qhia ntawm Maple qauv ntoo.

Tus tshiab version suav nrog 15115 kho los ntawm 2139 tus tsim tawm, thaj loj yog 51 MB, uas yog kwv yees li 2 npaug me dua qhov loj ntawm thaj ua rau thaj los ntawm kernels 6.0 thiab 5.19. Cov kev hloov pauv cuam tshuam rau 13165 cov ntaub ntawv, 716247 kab ntawm cov lej tau ntxiv, thiab 304560 kab raug tshem tawm. Kwv yees li 45% ntawm tag nrho cov kev hloov pauv tau qhia hauv 6.1 muaj feem cuam tshuam rau cov cuab yeej tsav tsheb, kwv yees li 14% ntawm cov kev hloov pauv cuam tshuam txog kev hloov kho cov cai tshwj xeeb rau cov khoom siv kho vajtse, 14% cuam tshuam nrog pawg network, 3% cuam tshuam nrog cov ntaub ntawv, thiab 3% muaj feem xyuam nrog cov kernel subsystems.

Kev tsim kho tshiab tseem ceeb hauv kernel 6.1:

  • Kev pabcuam nco thiab system
    • Ntxiv lub peev xwm los siv Rust ua hom lus thib ob rau kev tsim cov tsav tsheb thiab cov ntsiav tshuaj. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev txhawb nqa Rust yog ua kom yooj yim rau kev sau cov cuab yeej muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm zoo los ntawm kev txo qis qhov ua yuam kev thaum ua haujlwm nrog kev nco. Kev them nyiaj yug xeb yog xiam oob khab los ntawm lub neej ntawd thiab tsis ua rau Rust tau suav nrog raws li qhov xav tau cov ntsiav tsim kev vam khom. Lub kernel tam sim no tau txais ib qho me me stripped-down version ntawm thaj ua rau thaj, uas tau raug txo los ntawm 40 mus rau 13 txhiab kab ntawm cov cai thiab tsuas yog qhov tsim nyog tsawg kawg nkaus, txaus los tsim kom tau ib qho yooj yim kernel module sau ua lus Rust. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, nws tau npaj yuav maj mam nce cov kev ua haujlwm uas twb muaj lawm, hloov lwm yam kev hloov pauv los ntawm Rust-for-Linux ceg. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov haujlwm tau tsim los siv cov txheej txheem npaj los tsim cov tsav tsheb rau NVMe drives, 9p network raws tu qauv thiab Apple M1 GPU hauv lus Rust.
    • Rau cov tshuab raws li AArch64, RISC-V thiab LoongArch architectures nrog EFI, muaj peev xwm ncaj qha thauj cov duab cov duab hauv cov duab. Ntxiv handlers rau loading, khiav thiab unloading kernel dluab, hu ncaj qha los ntawm EFI zboot. Cov neeg tuav kev txhim kho thiab tshem tawm cov txheej txheem los ntawm EFI raws tu qauv database kuj tau ntxiv. Yav dhau los, unpacking yog nqa tawm los ntawm ib tug cais bootloader, tab sis tam sim no qhov no yuav ua tau los ntawm ib tug handler nyob rau hauv lub ntsiav nws tus kheej - lub kernel duab yog tsim raws li ib tug EFI daim ntawv thov.
    • Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj xws li ib feem ntawm cov thaj ua rau thaj nrog rau kev siv ntawm ib tug multi-level memory tswj qauv, uas tso cai rau koj mus cais lub cim xeeb banks nrog txawv kev ua tau zoo yam ntxwv. Piv txwv li, cov nplooj ntawv siv hnyav tshaj plaws tuaj yeem khaws cia rau hauv lub cim xeeb ceev tshaj plaws, thaum cov nplooj ntawv siv tsis tshua zoo yuav khaws cia hauv lub cim xeeb qeeb. Kernel 6.1 qhia txog lub tswv yim los txiav txim siab qhov twg cov nplooj ntawv siv hnyav nyob hauv lub cim xeeb qeeb yog li lawv tuaj yeem nce mus rau kev nco ceev, thiab tseem qhia txog lub tswv yim dav dav ntawm kev nco tiers thiab lawv cov txheeb ze kev ua tau zoo.
    • Nws suav nrog MGLRU (Multi-Generational LRU) mechanism, uas hloov qhov qub LRU (tseem siv tsis ntev los no) kev siv raws li ob kab nrog ntau theem qauv uas zoo dua txiav txim siab cov nplooj ntawv nco tau siv tiag tiag thiab uas tuaj yeem raug thawb tawm mus. qhov sib pauv faib.
    • Ntxiv kev txhawb nqa rau "maple tree" cov ntaub ntawv qauv uas tau thov los ntawm Oracle engineers, uas yog positioned raws li ib tug zoo dua hloov rau "liab-dub ntoo" qauv. Maple ntoo yog ib qho txawv ntawm B-ntoo uas txhawb nqa ntau yam indexing thiab yog tsim los ua kom siv tau zoo ntawm cov cache ntawm cov txheej txheem niaj hnub no. Qee qhov kev tswj hwm lub cim xeeb tau raug xa mus rau tsob ntoo maple, uas tau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lawv qhov kev ua tau zoo. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, tsob ntoo maple tuaj yeem siv los ua kom muaj qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas.
    • Lub peev xwm los tsim "kev puas tsuaj" BPF cov kev pab cuam tshwj xeeb tsim los pib qhov kev kaw thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev ntawm kev sib tsoo_kexec() hu tau ntxiv rau BPF subsystem. Cov kev pab cuam BPF tej zaum yuav xav tau rau kev debugging lub hom phiaj los pib tsim kev sib tsoo ntawm lub sijhawm. Txhawm rau nkag mus rau kev ua haujlwm puas tsuaj thaum thauj khoom BPF, koj yuav tsum qhia meej tus chij BPF_F_DESTRUCTIVE, qhib sysctl kernel.destructive_bpf_enabled, thiab muaj cai CAP_SYS_BOOT.
    • Rau BPF cov kev pab cuam, nws muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas cov ntsiab lus cgroup, nrog rau suav cov peev txheej (cov ntaub ntawv, vma, txheej txheem, thiab lwm yam) ntawm cov xov tshwj xeeb lossis cov haujlwm. Ib hom ntawv qhia tshiab tau raug siv los tsim cov neeg siv lub nplhaib buffers.
    • Ntxiv ib qho kev hu tshwj xeeb rau kev faib cov cim xeeb hauv BPF cov kev pab cuam (memory allocator), uas muab kev faib kev nco zoo dua hauv BPF cov ntsiab lus tshaj li tus qauv kmalloc().
    • Thawj feem ntawm cov kev hloov pauv tau raug sib xyaw ua ke, muab lub peev xwm los tsim cov tsav tsheb rau cov khoom siv nkag nrog HID (Human Interface Device) interface, ua raws li BPF cov kev pab cuam.
    • Lub kernel tau tshem tawm tag nrho cov cai los txhawb a.out executable file format, uas tau deprecated nyob rau hauv tso tawm 5.1 thiab tau ua tsis taus pa rau loj architectures txij li thaum versions 5.18 thiab 5.19. Cov hom ntawv a.out tau ntev lawm deprecated ntawm Linux systems, thiab tiam ntawm a.out cov ntaub ntawv tsis tau txais kev txhawb los ntawm cov cuab yeej niaj hnub nyob rau hauv default Linux configurations. Lub loader rau a.out cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem ua tiav tag nrho hauv cov neeg siv qhov chaw.
    • Rau cov tshuab raws li LoongArch cov lus qhia teeb tsa siv nyob rau hauv Loongson 3 5000 processors thiab siv RISC ISA tshiab, zoo ib yam li MIPS thiab RISC-V, kev txhawb nqa rau kev ntsuas kev ua tau zoo (perf events), kexec, kdump thiab BPF JIT compilation yog siv. .
    • Lub io_uring asynchronous I/O interface muaj hom tshiab, IORING_SETUP_DEFER_TASKRUN, uas tso cai rau lub nplhaib tsis cuam tshuam txog kev ua haujlwm rau ib ntus kom ncua mus txog qhov kev thov thov, uas tuaj yeem siv los ua batch ua haujlwm thiab tsis txhob muaj teeb meem latency vim preemption. tsis ncaj ncees lawm lub sij hawm.
    • Cov txheej txheem nyob rau hauv cov neeg siv qhov chaw tau muab lub peev xwm los pib hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm ntau yam ntawm cov nplooj ntawv nco ib txwm rau hauv cov nplooj ntawv cim xeeb loj (Transparent Huge-Pages).
    • Ntxiv kev siv ntawm /dev/userfaultfd ntaus ntawv, uas tso cai rau kev nkag mus rau lub functionality ntawm userfaultfd() system hu siv txoj cai nkag rau hauv FS. Tus userfaultfd functionality tso cai rau koj los tsim cov neeg ua haujlwm rau kev nkag mus rau nplooj ntawv nco tsis tau (nplooj faults) hauv cov neeg siv chaw.
    • Cov kev cai rau cov version ntawm GNU Ua cov nqi hluav taws xob tau nce ntxiv - tsawg kawg version 3.82 tam sim no yuav tsum tau tsim cov ntsiav.
  • Disk subsystem, I / O thiab cov ntaub ntawv systems
    • Kev ua tau zoo tseem ceeb tau ua rau Btrfs cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus; ntawm lwm yam, kev ua haujlwm ntawm FIEMAP ioctl hu tau nce los ntawm kev txiav txim siab ntau. Ntxiv kev txhawb nqa rau asynchronous buffered sau rau daim ntawv thov siv io_uring. Ntxiv kev txhawb nqa rau cov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv nrog fs-verity rau "xa" ua haujlwm.
    • Cov ntaub ntawv ext4 tau ntxiv cov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntsig txog kev saib xyuas phau ntawv xov xwm thiab kev nyeem ntawv nkaus xwb.
    • EROFS (Enhanced Read-Only File System) cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus, tsim los siv rau ntawm cov kev faib nkag tau hauv hom nyeem nkaus xwb, siv lub peev xwm los faib cov ntaub ntawv sib npaug hauv cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv.
    • Lub statx() system hu tau ntxiv los tso saib cov ntaub ntawv hais txog seb qhov ncaj qha I / O tuaj yeem siv rau cov ntaub ntawv.
    • Kev them nyiaj yug rau kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv ib ntus nrog O_TMPFILE chij tau ntxiv rau FUSE (Filesystems in User Space) subsystem.
  • Virtualization thiab Kev Ruaj Ntseg
    • Kev ua raws li CFI (Control Flow Integrity) kev tiv thaiv mechanism tau raug hloov, ntxiv cov tshev ua ntej txhua qhov kev hu tsis ncaj ntawm lub luag haujlwm txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qee yam ntawm tus cwj pwm tsis raug cai uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ua txhaum cai ntawm kev ua txhaum cai (tswj ntws) raws li ib qho tshwm sim los ntawm kev siv exploits uas hloov pointers rau functions khaws cia rau hauv lub cim xeeb. Tus qauv siv CFI los ntawm LLVM qhov project tau hloov los ntawm ib qho kev xaiv kuj raws li kev siv Clang, tab sis tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yoog los tiv thaiv qis-theem subsystems thiab operating system kernels. Hauv LLVM, qhov kev siv tshiab yuav raug muab rau hauv Clang 16 tso tawm thiab yuav qhib nrog qhov kev xaiv "-fsanitize=kcfi". Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb nrog qhov kev siv tshiab yog tias nws tsis raug khi rau kev sib txuas-lub sij hawm optimizations (LTO) thiab tsis ua rau muaj nuj nqi pointers raug hloov los ntawm kev sib txuas hauv cov lus dhia.
    • Rau LSM modules (Linux Security Module), nws muaj peev xwm tsim cov neeg tuav haujlwm uas cuam tshuam cov haujlwm los tsim cov npe chaw.
    • Cov cuab yeej tau muab rau kev txheeb xyuas PKCS#7 cov kos npe digital hauv BPF cov haujlwm.
    • Lub peev xwm qhib rau hauv hom tsis thaiv (O_NONBLOCK), uas tau raug tshem tawm tsis pom zoo hauv ntsiav 5.6, tau rov qab mus rau /dev/random.
    • Ntawm cov kab ke nrog x86 architecture, ceeb toom tau ntxiv nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm daim ntawv qhia ntawm nplooj ntawv nco los ntawm cov kab ke subsystems uas ib txhij tso cai rau kev tua thiab sau ntawv. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, muaj peev xwm ntawm tag nrho txwv tsis pub xws li daim ntawv qhia nco tau raug txiav txim siab.
    • Ntxiv KMSAN (Kernel Memory Sanitizer) kev debugging mechanism txhawm rau txheeb xyuas kev siv lub cim xeeb tsis siv neeg hauv cov ntsiav, nrog rau cov cim xeeb tsis tsim nyog ntawm cov neeg siv qhov chaw thiab cov khoom siv.
    • Kev txhim kho tau ua rau lub crypto-kev nyab xeeb CRNG pseudo-random tus lej tshuab hluav taws xob siv hauv kev hu xov tooj. Cov kev hloov pauv tau npaj los ntawm Jason A. Donenfeld, tus sau ntawm VPN WireGuard, thiab yog tsom rau kev txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg ntawm pseudo-random integer extraction.
  • Network subsystem
    • TCP pawg muab lub peev xwm (kev xiam oob khab los ntawm lub neej ntawd) siv lub qhov (socket hash tables) cais rau txhua lub npe, uas txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuab nrog ntau lub npe chaw.
    • Tshem tawm cov cai los txhawb txoj cai qub DECnet raws tu qauv. Tus neeg siv qhov chaw API stubs tau tso rau hauv qhov chaw tso cai rau cov ntawv thov uas siv DECnet muab tso ua ke, tab sis cov ntawv thov no yuav tsis tuaj yeem txuas rau lub network.
    • netlink raws tu qauv tau sau tseg.
  • Khoom siv
    • Tus tsav tsheb amdgpu tau ntxiv kev txhawb nqa rau DSC (Display Stream Compression) xa mus rau cov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj compression thaum sib pauv cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov ntxaij vab tshaus uas txhawb kev daws teeb meem siab heev. Kev ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv muab kev txhawb nqa rau AMD RDNA3 (RX 7000) thiab CDNA (Instinct) platforms. Ntxiv kev txhawb nqa rau DCN 3.2, SMU 13.x, NBIO 7.7, GC 11.x, PSP 13.x, SDMA 6.x thiab GMC 11.x IP cov khoom. Tus tsav tsheb amdkfd (rau kev sib cais AMD GPUs xws li Polaris) muab kev txhawb nqa rau GFX 11.0.3.
    • Tus tsav tsheb i915 (Intel) suav nrog kev txhawb nqa rau Meteor Lake GPU. Meteor Lake thiab GPUs tshiab txhawb DP 2.0 (DisplayPort) interface. Ntxiv cov cim rau daim npav video raws li Alder Lake S microarchitecture.
    • Ntxiv kev txhawb nqa rau lub suab subsystems siv hauv Apple Silicon, Intel SkyLake thiab Intel KabyLake processors. Tus tsav tsheb CS35L41 HDA txhawb kev pw tsaug zog. Ntxiv ASoC (ALSA System ntawm Chip) kev txhawb nqa rau kev sib xyaw suab chips Apple Silicon, AMD Rembrant DSPs, AMD Pink Sardine ACP 6.2, Everest ES8326, Intel Sky Lake thiab Kaby Lake, Mediatek MT8186, NXP i.MX8ULP DSPs, Qualcomm SC8280XP, SM8250 SM8450 thiab Texas Instruments SRC4392
    • Ntxiv kev them nyiaj yug rau LCD panels Samsung LTL101AL01, B120XAN01.0, R140NWF5 RH, Densitron DMT028VGHMCMI-1A TFT, AUO B133UAN02.1, IVO M133NW4J-R3, Innolux N120ACA-1 WH M-N116, INX N01.6BCA- EA116, INX N21BCN-EA116, Multi-Inno Technology MI2FT-116.
    • Ntxiv kev txhawb nqa rau AHCI SATA controllers siv hauv Baikal-T1 SoC.
    • Ntxiv kev txhawb nqa rau Bluetooth chips MediaTek MT7921, Intel Magnetor (CNVi, Integrated Connectivity), Realtek RTL8852C, RTW8852AE thiab RTL8761BUV (Edimax BT-8500).
    • Tus neeg tsav tsheb ath11k rau Qualcomm wireless modules tau ntxiv kev txhawb nqa rau spectral scanning hauv 160 MHz ntau yam, siv ntau txoj xov NAPI, thiab txhim kho kev txhawb nqa rau Qualcomm WCN6750 Wi-Fi chips.
    • Ntxiv cov tsav tsheb rau PinePhone keyboard, InterTouch touchpads (ThinkPad P1 G3), X-Box Adaptive Controller, PhoenixRC Flight Controller, VRC-2 Car Controller, DualSense Edge Controller, IBM Operation Panel, XBOX One Elite remotes, tablets XP-PEN Deco Pro S thiab Intuos Pro Small (PTH-460).
    • Ntxiv tus tsav tsheb rau Aspeed HACE (Hash thiab Crypto Cav) cryptographic accelerators.
    • Ntxiv kev txhawb nqa rau kev sib koom ua ke Thunderbolt / USB4 Intel Meteor Lake controllers.
    • Ntxiv kev txhawb nqa rau Sony Xperia 1 IV, Samsung Galaxy E5, E7 thiab Grand Max, Pine64 Pinephone Pro smartphones.
    • Ntxiv kev txhawb nqa rau ARM SoC thiab cov laug cam: AMD DaytonaX, Mediatek MT8186, Rockchips RK3399 thiab RK3566, TI AM62A, NXP i.MX8DXL, Renesas R-Car H3Ne-1.7G, Qualcomm IPQ8064-v2.0, IPQ8062, IPQ8065 BL i.MX8MM OSM-S, MT8195 (Acer Tomato), Radxa ROCK 4C+, NanoPi R4S Enterprise Edition, JetHome JetHub D1p. Hloov kho cov tsav tsheb rau SoC Samsung, Mediatek, Renesas, Tegra, Qualcomm, Broadcom thiab NXP.

Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Latin American Free Software Foundation tsim ib lub version ntawm cov ntsiav dawb kiag li 6.1 - Linux-libre 6.1-gnu, tshem tawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm firmware thiab cov tsav tsheb uas muaj cov khoom tsis pub dawb lossis ntu ntawm cov lej, qhov uas yog. txwv los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom. Qhov kev tso tawm tshiab ntxuav tus tshiab rtw8852b tsav tsheb thiab DTS cov ntaub ntawv rau ntau yam Qualcomm thiab MediaTek SoCs nrog cov txheej txheem raws li AArch64 architecture. Hloov kho blob tu code hauv cov tsav tsheb thiab subsystems amdgpu, i915, brcmfmac, r8188eu, rtw8852c, Intel ACPI. Kev tu cov tsav tsheb tsis tu ncua tm6000 TV phaib, cpia2 v4l, sp8870, av7110 tau raug kho.

Tau qhov twg los: opennet.ru

Ntxiv ib saib