Geoff Huston, tus kws tshaj lij kev tshawb fawb ntawm tus neeg sau npe hauv internet APNIC, kwv yees tias IPv4 chaw nyob yuav tag rau xyoo 2020. Hauv cov ntaub ntawv tshiab, peb yuav hloov kho cov ntaub ntawv hais txog yuav ua li cas cov chaw nyob tau depleted, leej twg tseem muaj lawv, thiab vim li cas qhov no tshwm sim.
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Vim li cas peb thiaj khiav tawm ntawm qhov chaw nyob?
Ua ntej yuav mus rau zaj dab neeg ntawm yuav ua li cas lub pas dej IPv4 "qhuav," cia peb tham me ntsis txog cov laj thawj. Xyoo 1983, thaum TCP / IP tau qhia, 32-ntsis chaw nyob tau siv. Thaum
Tib lub sijhawm, hauv 80s, ntau lub koom haum tau txais chaw nyob ntau dua li qhov lawv xav tau tiag tiag. Ntau lub tuam txhab tseem siv cov chaw nyob rau pej xeem rau cov servers uas ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv cov tes hauj lwm hauv zos. Kev sib kis ntawm cov thev naus laus zis ntawm tes, Is Taws Nem ntawm cov khoom thiab virtualization ntxiv roj rau hluav taws. Miscalculations nyob rau hauv kwv yees tus naj npawb ntawm hosts nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no network thiab ineffective chaw nyob faib ua rau lub IPv4 tsis txaus.
Yuav ua li cas cov chaw nyob xaus
Thaum pib ntawm XNUMXs, APNIC tus thawj coj Paul Wilson
2011 xyoo: Raws li Wilson tau kwv yees, tus neeg sau npe hauv Internet APNIC (lub luag haujlwm rau thaj av Asia-Pacific) poob mus rau qhov kawg.
2012 xyoo: European Internet tus neeg sau npe RIPE tshaj tawm qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm lub pas dej. Nws kuj tau pib faib qhov kawg / 8 block. Lub koom haum ua raws APNIC cov thawj coj thiab qhia txog kev txwv nruj ntawm kev faib tawm IPv4. Xyoo 2015, RIPE tsuas muaj 16 lab qhov chaw nyob dawb xwb. Niaj hnub no tus lej no tau txo qis heev -
Ob peb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab los ntawm peb qhov blog ntawm Habre:
2013 xyoo: Geoff Haston los ntawm APNIC ntawm blog
2015 xyoo: ARIN
2017 xyoo: Txog kev txwv tsis pub tshaj tawm qhov chaw nyob
2019 xyoo: Niaj hnub no, txhua tus neeg sau npe muaj qee qhov chaw nyob sab laug. Cov pas dej tau khaws cia los ntawm ib ntus rov qab cov chaw nyob tsis siv rov qab rau hauv kev ncig. Piv txwv li, ntawm MIT
Dab tsi ntxiv
Nws ntseeg tau tias IPv4 chaw nyob
Network Address Translation (NAT) tso cai rau koj los txhais ntau qhov chaw nyob hauv ib qho chaw nyob sab nraud. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj yog 65 txhiab. Txoj kev xav, tib tus naj npawb ntawm cov chaw nyob hauv zos tuaj yeem ua rau ib qho chaw nyob pej xeem (yog tias koj tsis suav qee qhov kev txwv ntawm ib tus neeg siv NAT).
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Cov kws kho mob hauv Is Taws Nem tuaj yeem tig mus rau cov kev daws teeb meem tshwj xeeb - Carrier Qib NAT. Lawv tso cai rau koj los tswj hwm qhov chaw nyob hauv zos thiab sab nraud ntawm cov neeg siv khoom thiab txwv tus naj npawb ntawm TCP thiab UDP chaw nres nkoj muaj rau cov neeg siv khoom. Yog li, cov chaw nres nkoj tau faib tau zoo dua ntawm cov neeg siv, ntxiv rau muaj kev tiv thaiv DDoS tawm tsam.
Ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm NAT yog muaj teeb meem nrog firewalls. Txhua tus neeg siv sijhawm nkag mus rau lub network los ntawm ib qho chaw nyob dawb. Nws hloov tawm tias tsuas yog ib tus neeg siv khoom ib zaug tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nrog cov vev xaib uas muab kev nkag mus rau cov kev pabcuam ntawm IP. Ntxiv mus, cov peev txheej yuav xav tias nws yog nyob rau hauv DoS nres thiab tsis kam nkag mus rau txhua tus neeg siv khoom.
Lwm txoj hauv kev rau NAT yog hloov mus rau IPv6. Cov chaw nyob no yuav kav ntev, ntxiv rau nws muaj ntau qhov zoo. Piv txwv li, ib qho built-in IPSec tivthaiv uas encrypts ib tug neeg cov ntaub ntawv packets.
Txog tam sim no IPv6
Peb mam li tham txog qhov no lwm zaus.
Peb sau dab tsi hauv VAS Experts neeg blog:
Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com