Kab lus Kuv tau cog lus rau ib hnub Friday los tham txog yuav ua li cas tus editor-in-chief ntawm "Funny Pictures" yuav luag tau hlawv los ntawm kab - hauv qhov kev nkag siab ntawm lo lus.
Hnub no yog hnub Friday, tab sis ua ntej kuv xav hais ob peb lo lus hais txog "Funny Pictures" lawv tus kheej - qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev tsim kev tshaj xov xwm zoo.
Phau ntawv xov xwm muaj lub hnub yug meej meej - Cuaj hlis 24, 1956. Nyob rau hnub no, thawj qhov teeb meem ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm "Funny Pictures", thawj Soviet magazine rau preschoolers, tau luam tawm.
Ib tug txiv zoo siab (thiab loj) yog tsab cai ntawm tog thiab tsoom fwv "Nyob rau ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov me nyuam cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov me nyuam lub sij hawm," luam tawm thaum pib ntawm 1956. Ob peb hlis tom qab nws tshwm sim, tus naj npawb ntawm cov menyuam yaus cov ntawv xov xwm hauv lub tebchaws tau nce ob npaug - twb nyob rau lub Cuaj Hli, lub tuam txhab ntxiv "Young Technician", "Young Naturalist" thiab "Veselye Kartinki" rau lub tuam txhab "Murzilka", "Pioneer" thiab " Kostrβ, uas luam tawm lawv thawj qhov teeb meem. Qhov no yog qhov debut zoo li.
Hais tias qhov kev pib ua tiav yog hais tsis muaj dab tsi. Kev ncig ntawm "Funny Pictures" ntawm nws qhov zoo tshaj plaws tau mus txog 9 lab 700 txhiab luam. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tsis yog kev vam meej xwb - nws yog ib qho txiaj ntsig tshaj tawm xov xwm. Txawm hais tias tus nqi penny ntawm 15 kopecks, nws coj cov txiaj ntsig loj heev rau nws tus tsim - Central Committee ntawm Komsomol. Cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv phau ntawv xov xwm nyiam khav tias "Cov Duab Lom Zem" ib leeg khwv tau nyiaj ntau dua li txhua phau ntawv xov xwm ntawm Molodaya Gvardiya luam tawm lub tsev.
Cov laj thawj rau kev vam meej yog dab tsi?
Ua ntej, qhov me me ntawm qhov project. Hauv kuv qhov kev txiav txim siab tob, txhua qhov kev tawg tau ua rau qhov tsis muaj peev txheej loj, qhov twg tsis muaj kev npaj yuav faib khoom plig, qhov twg tsis muaj leej twg los ntawm cov tub ceev xwm hu, ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov lossis rub tawm.
"Funny Pictures" tau tsim los ua ib txoj haujlwm me me uas tsis muaj leej twg xav tau dab tsi tshwj xeeb. Qhov taw qhia zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tus thawj coj tus cwj pwm yog qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm. Ivan Semenov tuaj rau VK los ntawm Krokodil, qhov twg tus editor-in-chief muaj ib tug loj nomenklatura chaw ua hauj lwm nrog "turntables". Hauv "Cov Duab" nws muaj lub txee me me, uas nws tau koom nrog kev tshaj tawm cov lus teb, yog li nws tsis txawm kos hauv nws qhov chaw ua haujlwm, tab sis tau mus rau hauv chav sib koom, uas muaj cov rooj tshwj xeeb rau cov kws ua yeeb yam.
Qhov thib ob, muaj tswv yim ywj pheej. "Funny Pictures" tsuas yog luam tawm hauv USSR uas tsis tau luam tawm. Tag nrho cov ntawv xov xwm luam tawm tau raug coj mus rau censors ntawm Glavlit, txawm tias "Kev Ua Lag Luam Ntses thiab Nkoj," txawm tias cov ntawv xov xwm "Concrete thiab Reinforced Concrete." Muaj tej yam zoo li no, tab sis dab tsi? Tam sim no koj luag, tab sis kev ncig, bai ze wei, mus txog 22 txhiab daim ntawv, ib thiab ib nrab txhiab ntawm cov uas tau muag rau cov nyiaj txawv teb chaws rau cov neeg tuaj txawv teb chaws.
Thiab tsis muaj leej twg nqa "Funny Pictures" nyob qhov twg.
Thib peb, tus thawj coj. Raws li cov qauv ntawm cov xyoo ntawd, tus editor-in-chief yuav tsum yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm tog. Qhov teeb meem yog tias yuav luag tsis muaj communist ntawm cov kws ua yeeb yam - txhua lub sijhawm lawv yog cov neeg ywj pheej. Yog li ntawd, tus naas ej artist Ivan Semenov, uas yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub tog, tab sis yeej tsis yog ib tug hauj lwm communist, tau raug xaiv los ua tus editor-in-chief ntawm Funny Pictures. Ivan Maksimovich tau koom nrog All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) nyob rau pem hauv ntej xyoo 1941, thaum cov Germans tab tom mus rau sab hnub tuaj, thiab cov communist uas raug ntes tau raug tua ntawm qhov chaw.
Raws li memoirs, tus qub tub rog tub rog caij nkoj thiab tus txiv neej zoo nraug yog tus thawj coj zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov neeg muaj tswv yim. Kuv yeej tsis tuav tes, thiab tsuas yog nug txog qhov tshwm sim - tab sis ntawm no kuv nug hnyav. Thiab nws kuj muaj ib qho tseem ceeb zoo rau lub taub hau ntawm qhov kev tshaj tawm xov xwm - nws yog ib tug neeg siab tsis ncaj. Nws yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua kom piss nws tawm. Tus kws ua yeeb yam Anatoly Mikhailovich Eliseev, uas ua haujlwm ntawm VK txij thawj hnub, qhia kuv txog qhov xwm txheej no hauv kev xam phaj.
Semyonov nto moo rau nws ntau daim duab, xws li, piv txwv li:
Muaj ib hnub, ib tug ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam hauv phau ntawv xov xwm tau coj los ntawm Finland ib qho khoom siv lead ua yuav nyob rau hauv "lub khw tso dag" uas yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov tseeb. Peb txiav txim siab los ua ib tug prank ntawm tus editor-in-chief, uas, raws li ib txwm, yog kos duab nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev. Lawv tau tos kom txog thaum Semenov yuav luag tiav cov khoom xyaw, ntim nws cov yeeb nkab thiab tawm mus haus luam yeeb - thiab muab tso rau ntawm daim duab yuav luag tiav.
Semyonov rov qab los. Pom. Nws sawv zoo li tus ncej. Nws zom nws daim di ncauj. Nws poob ib yam dab tsi tsaus thiab hnyav, zoo li lub pob zeb: "Asshole!"
Nws txav daim duab "ruined" mus rau lub rooj tom ntej, sighed, tshem tawm ib daim ntawv dawb huv thiab, saib rau sab xis, pib kos txhua yam ntxiv.
Feem ntau, kuv puas tau prank rau tib neeg.
Tab sis ntau yam tseem ceeb tshaj li kev koom tes ntawm tog yog qhov tseeb tias Semenov, ob qho tib si raws li kev ua haujlwm thiab tsis raug cai, tau suav tias yog ib qho ntawm cov phau ntawv zoo tshaj plaws hauv lub tebchaws thiab yog li ntawd yog ib tus neeg muaj cai nyob hauv ib puag ncig kev tshaj lij.
"Nws tsis zoo, kwv tij, koj paub Magyars!β Daim duab los ntawm I. Semenov rau "Tus Tub Rog Zoo Schweik"
Qhov no tso cai rau nws los sib sau ua ke plaub feem ntawm kev ua tiav - pab pawg. Twb tau nyob rau hauv thawj qhov teeb meem, cov duab funny tau kos los ntawm cov menyuam yaus cov duab kos duab zoo tshaj plaws hauv lub tebchaws: Konstantin Rotov, uas tuaj nrog cov tsos ntawm tus txiv neej laus Hottabych thiab Captain Vrungel, Alexey Laptev, uas kos cov classic Dunno, Vladimir Suteev ( classic illustrations rau Cipollino, txawm hais tias yog vim li cas kuv bashing, leej twg tsis paub Suteev?), tus hais saum toj no Anatoly Eliseev. Hauv thawj xyoo, lawv tau koom nrog Aminadav Kanevsky, Viktor Chizhikov, Anatoly Sazonov, Evgeny Migunov thiab tag nrho cov hnub qub ntawm thawj lub hnub qub.
Zoo, qhov kawg tivthaiv yog ntau lawm technology. Txhawm rau tsim cov ntawv xov xwm, Semyonov tau ua tiav zoo thiab hloov kho "kwj" system rau kev npaj cov teeb meem, ua raws li txoj cai "los nrog kev tso dag thiab kos duab tso dag yog ntau hom kev ua haujlwm hauv hlwb." Tsis yog, tau kawg, muaj kev zam, zoo li Viktor Chizhikov, uas tuaj nrog feem ntau ntawm nws cov haujlwm hauv VK, pib nrog qhov kev tshwm sim "Hais txog tus ntxhais Masha thiab tus menyuam roj hmab Natasha," tab sis ntawm tag nrho ...
Qhov no yog li cas cov txheej txheem no tau piav qhia los ntawm Felix Shapiro, tus sau phau ntawv xov xwm "Funny Pictures" los ntawm 1956 txog 1993:
Ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm cov neeg ua haujlwm yog cov hu ua "themists" - cov neeg uas zoo tuaj nrog cov dab neeg los kos thiab tuaj yeem qhia rau lwm tus. Peb pab neeg lub ntsiab tau ci ntsa iab. (Piv txwv li, tus thawj coj nto moo Alexander Mitta pib ua tus kws kos duab hauv "Funny Pictures" - VN) Lawv tuaj rau qhov hu ua "kev sib tham tsaus ntuj" nrog lawv cov duab kos. Cov rooj sib tham tau tshwm sim hauv ib chav uas muaj ntau, ntau lub rooj zaum thiab tsuas yog ib lub rooj. Ivan Maksimovich zaum ntawm lub rooj. Nws ntsia txhua tus thiab nug tias: "Zoo, leej twg yog siab tawv?" Ib tug ntawm cov thematic artists yuav tawm thiab muab nws sketches. Nws qhia lawv rau txhua tus neeg tam sim no thiab saib xyuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: yog tias tib neeg luag nyav, cov duab kos tau muab tso tseg. Yog tias tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam, mus rau lwm qhov.
Raws li cov dab neeg, lawv qee zaum taug kev tawm ntawm "cov rooj sib tham tsaus" luag mus rau qhov kev xav ntawm hysteria. Thiab feem ntau, kev txiav txim los ntawm cov memoirs, qhov chaw ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv "Funny Pictures" yog feem ntau reminiscent ntawm Strugatskys "Hnub Monday Pib rau hnub Saturday" - nrog rau cov tswv yim tso dag, teasing, ib ntus haus dej qab zib nto moo, tab sis tseem ceeb tshaj - reckless hlub rau. lawv txoj haujlwm.
Lawv tau ua cov ntawv xov xwm menyuam yaus zoo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb thiab yuav tsis khom rau yam tsawg dua.
Ib phau ntawv xov xwm uas, piv txwv li, comics outlandish rau Soviet Union tau luam tawm txij thaum pib, thiab qhov no tsis yog daim duab ntawm kev hais lus. Nov yog Semenov lub npe nrov "Petya Ryzhik" los ntawm thawj qhov teeb meem:
Ib phau ntawv xov xwm uas cov kws ua yeeb yam zoo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb tsis kam koom tes: Jean Effel los ntawm Fabkis, Raoul Verdini los ntawm Ltalis, Herluf Bidstrup los ntawm Denmark.
Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum kev koom tes thoob ntiaj teb tau dhau los ua teeb meem loj. Yog li, thaum kawg ntawm Lub Yim Hli 1968, qhov teeb meem tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm "Funny Pictures" tau luam tawm.
Qhov twg, ntawm lwm yam, yog tus neeg dawb huv zaj dab neeg ntawm tus kws sau ntawv Czech Vaclav Δtvrtek (Lawv yuav hais cov npe li cas?) "Ob Kab." Ntawm no nws yog:
Thiab txhua yam yuav zoo, tab sis nws yog lub sijhawm ntawm kev tshaj tawm cov ntawv xov xwm uas nto moo "Prague Caij nplooj ntoos hlav" xaus nrog kev qhia txog cov tub rog tsim los ntawm cov teb chaws ntawm cov kev coj noj coj ua hauv tebchaws Czechoslovakia.
Kev ua haujlwm Danube pib, Russians, Poles thiab cov Magyars tau hais los saum toj no tsav tsheb tso tsheb hlau luam nyob ib ncig ntawm lub nroog Czech, Czechs tsim kev thaiv, pem hauv ntej Yevtushenko sau paj huam "Lub Tank txav los ntawm Prague," cov neeg tawm tsam ua qauv qhia ntawm Red Square, cov yeeb ncuab lub suab quaj hauv kev hloov ntawm txhua tus. xov tooj cua zaus, KGB sawv ntawm pob ntseg thiab zoo li tau raug xa mus rau txoj haujlwm barracks.
Thiab lub sijhawm no, "Funny Pictures" qhia rau tag nrho lub tebchaws Soviet hais tias tam sim no muaj ntau cov noog hauv Prague uas tab tom pecking Czech kab thiab yog li ntawd lawv yuav tsum tau tawm ntawm Prague.
Nyob rau hauv cov hnub, lub taub hau ya mus rau tsawg dua - "Technology rau cov hluas" yuav luag kaw nyob rau hauv lub ntau npaum li cas neeg tsis noj nqaij Chernenkov lub sij hawm.
Hauv "Funny Pictures," raws li qhov tseeb tshaj plaws twb tau twv, qhov kev ntxhov siab uas tshwm sim tau hnyav zuj zus los ntawm qhov tsis muaj censorship. Txhawm rau xa qhov teeb meem mus rau lub tsev luam ntawv, kos npe ntawm tus editor-in-chief txaus.
Tab sis qhov no kuj txhais tau tias nws, ib yam nkaus, yuav lav ris txhua yam.
Raws li cov neeg ua haujlwm nco qab, txog li ob lub lis piam nws zoo li tus txiv neej tuag tau pw hauv qhov chaw kho mob - txhua tus tau txav mus rau ntawm phab ntsa thiab hais lus ntxhi. Semyonov zaum xauv hauv nws lub chaw ua haujlwm, ua txhaum nws tus kheej txwv, haus luam yeeb tsis tu ncua thiab hypnotizing xov tooj.
Ces lawv pib maj mam exhale.
Nws tawg los ntawm.
Tsis tau pom.
Thiab yog hais tias leej twg pom, lawv tsis snitch.
Peb tseem nyiam Semyonov cov ntawv xov xwm. Lawv hlub nws heev. Ob tug me nyuam thiab lawv niam lawv txiv.
Yuav kom tsis txhob xaus nrog lub Soviet insanity, ob peb lo lus hais txog lub tswv yim zoo kawg nkaus nrog lub "Zoo Siab Txiv Neej Club" thiab tus cwj pwm nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm Ivan Semyonov.
Txawm nyob rau theem ntawm kev tsim cov ntawv xov xwm, nws tuaj nrog ib tug mascot rau cov ntawv xov xwm - ib tug shaggy khawv koob artist nyob rau hauv lub kaus mom dub, xiav lub tsho thiab liab hneev.
Thiab ces lawv txiav txim siab mus nrhiav nws ib lub tuam txhab - nto moo fairy-tale cim uas yuav dai tawm ntawm chav tsev mus rau ib chav. Thawj qhov sib xyaw ntawm Club tsuas muaj tsib tus tswv cuab: Karandash, Buratino, Cipollino, Petrushka thiab Gurvinek.
Thiab nyob rau hauv thawj qhov teeb meem, cov tub ntxhais hluas nyeem ntawv pib qhia rau lawv, pib, ib txwm, nrog tus thawj tswj hwm mus tas li.
Yog tias Semenov cov phooj ywg paub tias lawv lub tswv yim random, ua rau ntawm lawv lub hauv caug, yuav dhau los ua qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev coj noj coj ua, cov duab kos yuav raug tsim txog "Zoo Siab Txiv Neej Club" thiab cov ntawv tshawb fawb yuav raug sau, uas ntau tiam neeg yuav loj hlob rau nws. .
Cov neeg uas niaj hnub no kos philosophical, kuv xav hais tias, caricatures. Zoo li qhov no kuv hu ua "Lub Neej thiab Tuag."
Pencil starred nyob rau hauv tsib cartoons,
tau los ua tus hero ntawm ntau phau ntawv,
Txog rau hnub no nws tseem yog tus mascot ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm "Funny Pictures" thiab lub npe nrov tshaj plaws ntawm cov menyuam yaus tus kws kos duab Ivan Semyonov.
Nws tsis yog coincidence, piv txwv li, Viktor Chizhikov, uas pib ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv "Funny Pictures" raws li ib tug thib peb xyoo kawm ntawv ntawm Moscow Printing lub koom haum, invariably kos nws tus kws qhia ntawv nrog nws nyiam ua cim. Piv txwv li:
Los yog ntawm no:
Nws yog xav paub tias nyob rau sab nraud ntawm lub ntiaj teb, nyob rau hauv teb chaws Australia, nyob tus kwv ntxaib ntawm peb cwj mem. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv ib lub tsho thiab nrog ib tug hneev.
Cia siab tias yuav tau txais cov lus nug uas yuav tsum tau zam - peb tus cwj mem yog peb xyoos laus dua, Australian cov kws kos duab yees siv tau tshwm sim xyoo 1959. Lub clone lub npe yog Mister Squiggle, thiab nws yog lub hnub qub ntawm kev ua yeeb yam ntawm tib lub npe uas tau khiav hauv Australian TV tau plaub caug xyoo, los ntawm 1959 txog 1999.
Mr. Squiggle yog ib tug menyuam roj hmab nrog ib tug cwj mem es tsis txhob ntawm lub qhov ntswg, uas thaum xub thawj ua tiav cov "scribbles" xa los ntawm cov menyuam yaus thiab hloov lawv mus rau hauv cov duab kos duab, thiab tom qab ntawd loj hlob mus rau nws tus kheej ib teev thiab ib nrab ua yeeb yam nrog cov qhua thiab kev hais kwv txhiaj. tus lej.
Thaum Lub Ob Hlis 2019, cov neeg Australian zoo siab tau tshaj tawm cov nyiaj $ 60 npib los ua kev zoo siab rau XNUMX xyoo ntawm lawv cov cim thaum yau.
Thiab peb tus cwj mem tseem tsis tau txais daim ntawv xa mus rau nws hnub tseem ceeb.
Hauv tag nrho kuv lub cim xeeb tsuas yog ua tsaug rau cov tub ntxhais kawm lub kaum hli ntuj qub rau kev zoo siab thaum yau.
Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com