🥇 Kev sib piv ntawm KDE Plasma ntu raws li X11 thiab Wayland

Igor Ljubuncic, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau cov khoom lag luam ua tau zoo ntawm Canonical txog xyoo 2024, tau sim qhov kev ua tau zoo thiab kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm KDE Plasma 6.4 zaug raws li X11 thiab Wayland. Thaum lub Rau Hli lig, Igor tau tshaj tawm kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm KDE Plasma 6.4 nta, uas nws tau txiav txim siab tias qhov kev sib tham Wayland yog qhov qis dua hauv kev ua haujlwm thiab thauj cov CPU thiab GPU ntau dua li X11 kev sib kho. Hauv cov ntawv xov xwm tshiab, Igor tau sim sim qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm ob qhov kev sib tham hauv ntau qhov tob.

Thaum xub thawj, nws tau sau tseg tias thaum kuaj ntawm Lenovo IdeaPad 3 laptop nrog kev sib xyaw AMD GPU hauv Wayland kev sib ntsib, tsis hais txog kev ua haujlwm, CPU tas li loaded li ntawm 8%, thiab txhua 2-3 vib nas this muaj dhia uas loads tag nrho GPU. Hauv kev sib tham X11, qhov thauj khoom ntawm CPU thiab GPU thaum tsis ua haujlwm yog xoom. Kev sim ntxiv nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob radeontop pom tau tias muaj kev siv ntau dua hauv Wayland kev sib ntsib, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub Xim Qhov profile tau qhib rau hauv cov chaw teeb tsa. Cov lus hauv qab no qhia qhov nruab nrab GPU load tsim nyob rau hauv feem pua nrog cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws ntawm kev khiav haujlwm thiab sau cov ntaub ntawv txhua ob rau 60 vib nas this.

Metric Wayland + zog efficiency Wayland + xim raug X11 Graphics yeeb nkab 3.31 4.03 2.47 Vertex Grouper + Tesselator 0.33 0.3 0.11 Texture Addresser 0.90 2.03 0.78 Shader Export 2.24 3.03 Sencer 1.42 0.06 Ntxoov ntxoo Interpolator 0.08 0.03 2.58 Scan Converter 3.31 1.61 2.54 Txheej Txheem Txheej Txheem 3.18 1.54 0.32 Qhov tob Block 0.30 0.11 2.51 Xim Block 3.18 1.53RAM 2.51 V. GTT 3.18 1.54 26.39 Memory moos 28.44 22.36 3.92 Shader moos 3.98 3.85 33.33

Kev ntsuas kev siv hluav taws xob nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob kuj tau pom qhov zoo ntawm X11 kev sib ntsib: lub zog noj ntawm Wayland kev sib kho thaum ua ntau yam qauv yog 6.09 watts, Wayland nrog cov xim raug profile yog 6.05-6.08 watts, thiab X11 yog 5.67-5.87 watts. Zuag qhia tag nrho, nws tau xaus lus tias qhov kev sib tham X11 siv 3-7% roj teeb tsawg dua Wayland.

Txheeb xyuas CPU load nrog vmstat pom tias thaum lub sijhawm tsis ua haujlwm, qhov kev sib tham X11 tau noj 1.83% CPU, thaum Wayland tau noj 1.97% (2.1% nrog rau Xim Qhov profile). Cov nqi hluav taws xob tau khiav ntawm cov ntu tshiab uas tau tsim los ntawm Konsole, thiab tus nqi nruab nrab tau suav nrog tus qauv txhua ob rau 60 vib nas this. CPU load rau Wayland yog 7.6% siab dua (nyob rau hauv Xim Accuracy hom nws yog 14%) dua rau X11 kev sib kho. Qhov kev sib tham Wayland tau sau tseg 25% ntau cuam tshuam thiab 48% ntxiv cov ntsiab lus hloov pauv.

Metric Wayland + zog efficiency Wayland + xim raug X11 Nruab nrab no. ntawm cov haujlwm hauv runqueue 0.18 0.35 0.07 Tag nrho cov haujlwm hauv runqueue 11 21 4 Kev cuam tshuam (hauv) 1188 1173 937 Cov ntsiab lus hloov pauv (cs) 1195 1208 803 Idle CPU % (id) 98.03 97.90.

Tom qab ntawd, cov khoom siv perf tau siv los txheeb xyuas hu thaum lub sijhawm tsis ua haujlwm. KWin_wayland siv kwv yees li 1% (1.5%) ntawm lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, thiab KWin_X11 tau noj 0.44%. Hu rau amdgpu yog 0.77% (1%) rau Wayland thiab 0.65% rau X11. Hauv hom tsis ua haujlwm, X11 kev sib kho tau ua tiav kwv yees li ob zaug li ob peb cov lus qhia ua haujlwm raws li Wayland-raws li kev sib tham.

Metric Wayland + zog efficiency Wayland + xim raug X11 CPU moos (ms) ~543,000 ~ 540,000 ~ 527,000 Cov ntsiab lus hloov pauv 14,415 | 26.547/s 16,120 | 29.864/s 6,021 | 11.436/s CPU migrations 72 | 0.133/s 139 | 0.258/s 92 | 0.175/s Page faults 201 | 0.37/s 450 | 0.834/s 75 | 0.142/s Cycles 3.95B | 0.007 GHz 4.43B | 0.008 GHz 1.9B | 0.004 GHz Stalled cycles frontend 452.5M | 11.47% 616.5M | 13.92% 213M | 11.13% Stalled cycles backend 1.42B | 36.04% 1.45B | 32.82% 618M | 32.28% Cov lus qhia 780M | 0.2/cycle 1.82 stalled/cycle 901M | 0.2/cycle 1.61 stalled/cycle 483M | 0.25/cycle 1.28 stalled/cycle Ceg 168M | 309K/s 193M | 358K/s 104M | 197K / s Ncua Sijhawm poob 13.83% 13.36% 11.7%

В следующей статье тесты были повторены в конфигурации c Kubuntu 24.04 с KDE Plasma 5.27 и ноутбуком Lenovo Y50-70 с CPU Intel и видеокартой NVIDIA. Результаты оказались примерно теми же — сеанс Wayland оказался менее эффективен, чем X11. Потребление энергии 22.42 ватт в Wayland и 21.86 в X11, нагрузка на CPU в режиме простоя 0.067 против 0.050, число переключений контекста — 43.835/s против 34.133/s, нагрузка при просмотре 4K видео в VLC — 12.54% против 4.26%, производительность WebGL — 16 FPS против 29 FPS.

Ntxiv cov kev sim zoo sib xws tau muab luam tawm ntawm Lenovo IdeaPad 3 laptop nrog AMD CPU / GPU siv qhov tshiab tsim los ntawm KDE Neon project. Hauv kev sim nrog 4K video playback hauv VLC, CPU load thaum siv X11 nrog kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo yog 3.72%, X11 nrog kev sib xyaw ua haujlwm - 9.8%, Wayland nrog Xim Accuracy (CA) - 25.71%, Wayland hauv lub zog ua haujlwm hom (PE) - 31.51%. Yog li, CPU load thaum siv Walyand yog 8-10 npaug siab dua thaum siv X11.

Thaum siv Walyand, 5-16% muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau ntxiv. Qhov sib txawv ntawm GPU load yog nyob rau hauv 2% qhov sib txawv: Wayland (PE) - 56.33%, Wayland (CA) - 57.33%, X11 (Comp ON) - 57.98%, X11 (Comp OFF) - 56.81%. Hais txog kev siv hluav taws xob, Wayland siv 8-49% ntau zog: Wayland (PE) — 13.8-20.4 watts, Wayland (CA) -13.8-14.1 watts, X11 (Comp ON) — 10.7-12.1 watts, X11 (Comp OFF) — 11.4-watts Hauv WebGL Aquarium xeem, cov txiaj ntsig rau Wayland thiab X14.9 yog kwv yees li tib yam: Wayland (PE) - 11-16 FPS, Wayland (CA) - 38-18 FPS, X37 (Comp ON) - 11-16 FPS, X42 (Comp OFF) - 11-21 FPS, tab sis kev siv zog ntau dua thaum siv Wayland 42%.

Thaum kawg, lwm qhov kev sim tau ua, lub sijhawm no npog GNOME los ntawm Fedora 42 thiab KDE Plasma 6.4 lossis KDE neon. Kev sim tau ua tiav ntawm Lenovo IdeaPad 3 laptop nrog AMD CPU / GPU.

Idle CPU load: KDE X11 - 1.83%, KDE Wayland (PE) - 1.97%, KDE Wayland (CA) - 2.1%, GNOME Wayland - 2.2%.
Idle fais fab noj nrog ib lub qhov rais davhlau ya nyob twg: KDE X11 - 5.67-5.87 watts, KDE Wayland (CA) - 6.05-6.08 watts, KDE Wayland (PE) - 6.09 watts, GNOME Wayland - 5.83-7.62 watts.
GPU load ntawm idle yog qis tshaj hauv GNOME Wayland teeb tsa, tab sis qhov sib txawv tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm kev khiav haujlwm System Monitor thiab GNOME System Monitor.
Nyob rau hauv cov txheeb cais sau los ntawm perf utility, tsawg kawg CPU lub sij hawm tau siv nyob rau hauv GNOME-raws li configuration.
Hauv 4K 60FPS video playback test hauv VLC, GNOME kev sib ntsib hauv Fedora tau siv CPU tsawg dua (29.6%) dua li Wayland-based KDE hauv xim raug hom (31.51%), tab sis ntau dua li X11-based KDE kev sib ntsib (9.8%) thiab Wayland hauv hom kev siv hluav taws xob (25.71%).
Thaum ntsuas kev siv GPU kev siv, GNOME kev sib ntsib ntawm Fedora tau siv GPU ntau dua hauv 4K 60FPS video playback test hauv VLC. Piv txwv li, GPU cov raj xa dej thauj khoom hauv GNOME ntawm Fedora yog 58.21%, hauv Wayland-based KDE nws yog 56.33% thiab 57.33%, thiab hauv KDE X11 nws yog 57.98%. Video nco noj hauv GNOME ntawm Fedora yog ntau dua ob zaug siab (50.89) xws li hauv Wayland-based KDE (23.29 thiab 24.60), thiab 15% siab dua hauv KDE X11 (44.36).
Lub zog noj thaum ua yeeb yaj kiab: KDE X11 - 11.4-14.9 watts, KDE Wayland (CA) - 13.8-14.1 watts, GNOME Wayland - 12.5-15.6 watts, KDE Wayland (PE) - 13.8-20.4 watts.

Metric Fedora 42 Wayland KDE neon Wayland (PE) KDE neon Wayland (CA) KDE neon X11 (Comp ON) Idle CPU % (id) 97.8 98.03 97.90 98.17 Cov Ntsiab Lus Hloov (cs) 536 1195 1208 803 Interrupt 929 1188 1173 Lub Zog Siv (watts) 937-5.83 7.62 6.09-6.05 6.08-5.67 CPU moos (ms) ~ 5.87 ~ 492,000 ~ 543,000 ~ 540,000 Cov ntsiab lus hloov pauv 527,000 | 9,468/s 19.244 | 14,415/s 26.547 | 16,120/s 29.864 | 6,021/s Idle CPU % thaum saib yeeb yaj duab 11.436 70.4 68.49 74.29 GPU load thaum saib yeeb yaj duab 90.20% 58.21% 56.33% 57.33% VRAM 57.98 50.89 23.29 watts noj cov yeeb yaj duab thaum saib yeeb yaj duab 24.60 44.36-12.5 15.6-13.8 20.4-13.8 14.1-11.4 FPS hauv WebGL Aquarium test 14.9-26 29-16 38-18 37-16 Kev siv hluav taws xob hauv WebGL Aquarium test 42-17 19-17 29-16

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas qhia tau tias nws ntxov dhau los sau tawm X11, thiab Wayland-raws li kev daws teeb meem xav tau kev ua kom zoo ntxiv. X11 tseem tau sau tseg tias yog qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Kev siv Wayland hauv KDE yog qhov xav tias zoo dua hauv GNOME - GNOME Wayland kev sib kho tau siv hauv Fedora, txiav txim los ntawm cov kev xeem, tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua li KDE Wayland kev sib ntsib, uas nyob rau hauv lem lags qab KDE X11.

Tau qhov twg los: opennet.ru