Yog li, koj tau kawm tiav hauv tsev kawm qib siab. Nag hmo lossis 15 xyoo dhau los - nws tsis muaj teeb meem. Koj tuaj yeem so kom txaus, ua haujlwm, hla chav kawm, zam cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb, thiab txo koj qhov kev tshwj xeeb kom ntau li ntau tau kom dhau los ua tus kws tshaj lij muaj nqis. Lossis, ntawm qhov tod tes, koj tuaj yeem xaiv qhov koj nyiam, tshawb nrhiav ntau yam teb thiab thev naus laus zis, thiab nrhiav koj txoj haujlwm. Koj txoj kev kawm tiav lawm, ib zaug thiab rau txhua tus. Lossis tsis tau? Lossis koj puas xav (tiag tiag xav tau) los tiv thaiv koj daim ntawv kawm tiav qib siab, mus kawm kom lom zem, kawm tiav qib siab tshiab, khwv tau daim ntawv pov thawj rau lub hom phiaj ua haujlwm? Lossis tej zaum ib tag kis koj yuav sawv thiab xav tias xav tau cwj mem thiab phau ntawv sau, kom nqus cov ntaub ntawv tshiab hauv lub tuam txhab zoo siab ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm laus? Thiab qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws - yuav ua li cas yog tias koj yog ib tug tub ntxhais kawm tas mus li?!
Niaj hnub no peb yuav tham txog seb puas muaj kev kawm tom qab kawm tiav qib siab, tib neeg thiab lawv txoj kev xav hloov pauv li cas, thiab dab tsi txhawb thiab ua rau peb txhua tus tsis muaj zog kawm, kawm, thiab kawm dua.
Nov yog ntu thib peb ntawm cov koob "Nyob thiab Kawm".
Ntu 3. Kev kawm ntxiv
Ntu 4. Kev kawm tom haujlwm
Ntu 5. Kev kawm rau tus kheej
Qhia koj qhov kev paub dhau los hauv cov lus hais - tej zaum, ua tsaug rau kev siv zog ntawm pab pawg RUVDS thiab Habr cov neeg nyeem, ib tus neeg txoj kev kawm yuav paub me ntsis ntxiv, raug thiab muaj txiaj ntsig.
▍Daim ntawv kawm tiav qib siab
Daim ntawv kawm tiav qib siab (master's degree) yog kev txuas ntxiv mus rau kev kawm qib siab (tshwj xeeb yog daim ntawv kawm tiav qib siab). Nws muab cov ntaub ntawv tob txog cov kev kawm tshwj xeeb thiab nthuav dav thiab ua kom lub hauv paus kev xav ntawm kev ua haujlwm tob dua.
Kev kawm tiav qib Master yog xaiv tau hauv ntau qhov xwm txheej.
- Ua ib qho kev txuas ntxiv ntawm daim bachelor's degree, cov tub ntxhais kawm tsuas yog xeem cov kev xeem tshwj xeeb thiab txuas ntxiv lawv txoj kev kawm ib yam li thaum lawv kawm tiav qib siab.
- Ua ib txoj hauv kev los kawm kom tob zuj zus txog daim ntawv kawm tiav qib siab, tus tub ntxhais kawm 5-6 xyoo xaiv daim ntawv kawm tiav qib siab kom tob zuj zus thiab sib sau ua ke lawv cov kev paub, tau txais daim ntawv kawm tiav qib siab ntxiv, thiab qee zaum tsuas yog siv sijhawm ntev dua ua tus tub ntxhais kawm (vim ntau yam).
- Ua ib txoj hauv kev kom tau txais kev kawm ntxiv dhau ntawm kev kawm qib siab. Nws yog ib qho kev sib tw nyuaj heev: koj yuav tsum kawm ib yam "txawv teb chaws" thiab sau npe rau hauv qhov kev kawm master's (feem ntau yog ib qho them nqi), sib tw nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm koj lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab xaiv. Txawm li cas los xij, nws ua tau tag nrho, thiab kuv xav tias qhov kev txhawb siab no yog ib qho ntawm qhov tsim nyog tshaj plaws.
Qhov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws nrog cov kev kawm master's yog tias lawv tau qhia los ntawm cov xib fwb tib yam li cov neeg hauv cov kev kawm tshwj xeeb thiab bachelor's, thiab lawv feem ntau siv tib txoj kev thiab cov lus qhia, txhais tau tias lub sijhawm raug pov tseg. Txawm hais tias cov tub ntxhais kawm bachelor's xav tau "ib nrab thib ob," cov kws tshwj xeeb hauv tib qhov chaw zoo dua xaiv txoj hauv kev sib txawv los txhim kho lawv cov kev paub.
Tab sis yog tias koj tau txiav txim siab mus kawm rau hauv qhov kev kawm master's sab nraum koj qhov kev kawm, kuv yuav muab qee cov lus qhia rau koj rau kev npaj.
- Pib npaj ua ntej li ib xyoos, tsawg kawg yog lub caij nplooj zeeg dhau los. Npaj ib daim phiaj xwm rau cov lus nug xeem nkag thiab pib saib xyuas lawv. Yog tias qhov kev kawm tshwj xeeb txawv ntawm koj li (tus kws tshawb fawb txog kev lag luam tau dhau los ua tus kws kho mob hlwb, tus kws sau ntawv tau dhau los ua tus kws tsim kho), npaj txhij ntsib cov teeb meem tshwj xeeb nrog cov ntsiab lus. Kev kov yeej lawv yuav siv sijhawm.
- Nug cov lus nug hauv cov rooj sib tham, cov vev xaib, thiab cov pab pawg uas muaj feem cuam tshuam. Qhov zoo dua yog nrhiav ib tus neeg hauv koj txoj haujlwm xaiv thiab nug lawv txog "cov lus zais ntawm lawv txoj haujlwm yav tom ntej."
- Npaj siv ntau qhov chaw, ua haujlwm rau koj txoj kev npaj yuav luag txhua hnub, thiab tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv.
- Thaum lub sijhawm xeem nkag mus kawm, ua koj tus kheej ua ib tug kws tshaj lij uas xav kawm, tsis yog tsuas yog sau ntawv lossis kos lub thawv xwb. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev xav zoo thiab daws txhua qhov tsis zoo hauv koj cov lus teb (tshwj tsis yog tias nws yog kev xeem lossis kev xeem sau ntawv).
- Tsis txhob txhawj—qhov no tsis yog ib qho kev lav ris lossis ib lub luag haujlwm rau koj niam koj txiv lawm, nws tsuas yog koj lub siab nyiam, koj qhov kev xaiv xwb. Tsis muaj leej twg yuav txiav txim rau koj vim koj ua tsis tau zoo.
Yog tias koj tau txiav txim siab kawm, kawm ncaj ncees thiab ua tib zoo - tom qab tag nrho, hauv qhov kev kawm master, koj tab tom kawm rau koj tus kheej.
▍Kev kawm tiav qib siab
Qhov no yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev kawm ntxiv rau cov tub ntxhais kawm uas muaj lub siab xav kawm txog kev tshawb fawb. Yuav kom nkag mus kawm tiav qib siab, cov tub ntxhais kawm yuav tsum xeem dhau peb qhov kev xeem: ib hom lus txawv teb chaws, kev xav txog lub tswv yim, thiab keeb kwm ntawm kev tshawb fawb, thiab ib qho kev kawm tseem ceeb hauv lawv qhov kev kawm xaiv. Kev kawm tiav qib siab puv sijhawm kav ntev li peb xyoos, thaum kev kawm ib nrab sijhawm kav ntev li plaub xyoos. Hauv kev kawm tiav qib siab puv sijhawm, uas lub xeev tau txais nyiaj pab, cov tub ntxhais kawm tau txais nyiaj pab (tag nrho 13 nyiaj pab txhua xyoo, sib npaug rau 12 nyiaj pab ib txwm ntxiv rau ib qho "nyiaj pab phau ntawv"). Thaum lawv kawm, cov tub ntxhais kawm ua tiav ntau yam haujlwm tseem ceeb:
- npaj nws txoj kev tshawb fawb ywj pheej (dissertation) kom tau txais daim ntawv kawm tiav qib siab ntawm tus neeg sib tw ntawm sciences;
- ua tiav kev xyaum qhia ntawv uas yuav tsum tau ua (them nyiaj);
- ua haujlwm nrog tus thawj saib xyuas kev tshawb fawb, cov peev txheej, cov koom haum ua thawj coj, thiab lwm yam, sau cov ntawv qhia txog cov ntawv tshwj xeeb;
- hais lus ntawm cov rooj sib tham thiab cov rooj sib tham;
- sau cov ntawv tshaj tawm VAK hauv cov ntawv xov xwm tshwj xeeb uas tau lees paub;
- dhau peb qhov kev xeem sib tw (ib yam li kev nkag mus kawm, tsuas yog muaj qib siab dua ntawm kev cob qhia theoretical thiab kev paub txog kev tshawb fawb + kev txhais lus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb).
Thaum ua tiav kev kawm tiav qib siab (suav nrog thaum ntxov lossis txuas ntxiv rau qee qhov xwm txheej), tus tub ntxhais kawm qib siab tiv thaiv (lossis tsis tiv thaiv) tus neeg sib tw daim ntawv kawm tiav thiab, tom qab ib ntus, tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj xav tau ntawm tus neeg sib tw ntawm kev tshawb fawb, thiab, thaum ua tiav qhov kev vam meej hauv kev qhia thiab kev tsim cov khoom siv qhia ntawv, kuj tseem yog lub npe ntawm tus xibfwb pabcuam.
Dhuav kawg li, puas yog? Nws txawm tsw ntxhiab zoo li cov phau ntawv qub, daim ntaub hauv tsev qiv ntawv, thiab cov kua nplaum los ntawm cov ntawv sau npe. Tab sis txhua yam hloov pauv thaum nws los txog - cov tub rog! Los ntawm qhov chaw nkaum rau cov neeg uas ua haujlwm ntau dhau, tsev kawm ntawv qib siab dhau los ua qhov chaw sib tw hnyav los ntawm cov txiv neej uas tsis xav ua haujlwm. Thiab lawv xav tau tsev kawm ntawv qib siab puv sijhawm, uas tsis muaj chaw nyob hauv txhua lub chaw haujlwm. Ntxiv me ntsis kev sib txuas lus, kev noj nyiaj txiag, thiab kev pom zoo ntawm pawg thawj coj, thiab koj lub sijhawm ploj mus ...
Qhov tseeb, muaj ntau cov lus qhia rau cov neeg thov kawm tiav qib siab rau txhua lub hom phiaj.
- Npaj ua ntej—thaum ntxov dua qhov zoo dua. Sau cov ntawv xov xwm rau cov ntawv tshawb fawb ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm, koom nrog kev sib tw tshawb fawb, nthuav qhia ntawm cov rooj sib tham, thiab lwm yam. Koj yuav tsum pom tseeb hauv zej zog kev tshawb fawb ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv.
- Xaiv ib lub chaw haujlwm, ib qho kev tshwj xeeb, thiab ib qho ntsiab lus tseem ceeb los tsim hauv koj cov haujlwm kawm, cov haujlwm tshawb fawb, koj daim ntawv kawm tiav qib siab, thiab tom qab ntawd koj daim ntawv sau kawm tiav qib siab. Lub ntsiab lus yog tias kev tiv thaiv zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab, lub chaw haujlwm, thiab koj tus thawj coj, thiab tus tub ntxhais kawm uas muaj kev coj ua zoo li no yog qhov lav tias yuav muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo dua, thiab txhua yam zoo ib yam, lawv yuav xaiv koj. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev, tseem ceeb heev - ntseeg lossis tsis ntseeg, nws tseem ceeb dua li nyiaj txiag thiab kev sib txuas lus.
- Tsis txhob ncua sijhawm npaj rau kev xeem nkag mus kawm - lawv yuav ntaus koj yuav luag tam sim ntawd tom qab kawm tiav, thiab qhov ntawd yog qhov txaj muag tiag tiag. Txawm li cas los xij, kev xeem lawv yooj yim heev: koj paub txog pawg neeg saib xyuas, kev xeem hauv xeev tseem tshiab hauv koj lub siab, thiab koj tuaj yeem xeem cov lus txawv teb chaws uas koj paub zoo tshaj plaws (piv txwv li, kuv tau xeem Fab Kis - thiab piv rau pawg neeg "C" ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm Askiv, nws yog qhov khoom plig loj heev. Ntxiv mus, los ntawm kuv qhov kev paub ua haujlwm nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm tiav qib siab, kuv paub tias ntau tus neeg txhob txwm pib kawm lwm hom lus ob xyoos ua ntej nkag mus kawm kom tau qhab nia ntxiv).
Kev kawm tiav qib siab zoo ib yam li cov kev kawm hauv tsev kawm qib siab: kev qhuab qhia tsis tu ncua (uas yuav tsum muaj kev qhia tob tob, tab sis nyob ntawm tus kws qhia ntawv qhov kev paub thiab lub siab), kev sib tham txog cov ntu ntawm kev sau ntawv nrog tus thawj saib xyuas, kev qhia ntawv, thiab lwm yam. Nws siv sijhawm ntau ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab lub neej tus kheej, tab sis feem ntau nws ua tau; piv rau kev kawm puv sijhawm hauv tsev kawm qib siab, nws yog lub ntuj ceeb tsheej dawb huv.
Cia peb tso tseg lub ncauj lus ntawm kev sau ib daim ntawv kawm tiav qib siab - qhov ntawd yuav xav tau peb tsab ntawv sib cais ntxiv. .
Seb puas yuav tiv thaiv koj tus kheej los tsis yog, yog koj xaiv tag nrho. Nov yog cov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo.
Tshaj:
- Nws muaj koob muaj npe thiab qhia ntau yam txog koj ua ib tug neeg: kev ua siab ntev, lub peev xwm ua tiav lub hom phiaj, kev kawm tau, kev txawj xav thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke. Cov tswv haujlwm saib qhov no rau nqe, raws li tau hais ntau zaus lawm.
- Qhov no muab cov txiaj ntsig yog tias koj txiav txim siab mus nrhiav kev ua haujlwm qhia ntawv yav tom ntej lossis tam sim no.
- Ib tug neeg sib tw PhD twb yog ib feem ntawm kev tshawb fawb lawm, thiab yog tias tsim nyog, lub zej zog kev tshawb fawb yuav zoo siab txais koj.
- Qhov no ua rau muaj kev ntseeg siab rau tus kheej thiab kev ntseeg siab rau tus kheej ua tus kws tshaj lij.
Txais:
- Ib daim ntawv sau tiav yog ib qho txheej txheem ntev, koj yuav siv sijhawm ntau rau nws.
- Tsuas yog cov tsev kawm qib siab thiab qee lub tuam txhab uas yog lub xeev thiab cov koom haum tsoomfwv muab cov nyiaj hli ntxiv rau kev kawm tiav qib siab. Hauv ntiaj teb kev lag luam, cov neeg thov PhD feem ntau raug qhuas, tab sis qhov kev qhuas no tsis yog los ua nyiaj.
- Kev tiv thaiv yog ib qho kev ua haujlwm hauv chaw ua haujlwm: koj yuav tsum sib tham nrog ib lub koom haum ua thawj coj (qhov no yuav yog koj tus tswv ntiav haujlwm), nrog ib lub koom haum ua thawj coj hauv kev tshawb fawb, nrog cov ntawv xov xwm, cov ntawv tshaj tawm, cov neeg tawm tsam, thiab lwm yam.
- Kev tiv thaiv ib daim ntawv kawm tiav qib siab kim heev. Yog tias koj ua haujlwm hauv tsev kawm ntawv qib siab, koj tuaj yeem tau txais kev pab nyiaj txiag los them ib feem ntawm cov nqi, tab sis lwm yam, txhua yam nqi yog koj li: txij li kev mus ncig, kev luam ntawv, thiab cov nqi xa ntawv mus rau daim pib thiab khoom plig rau koj cov neeg sib tw. Thiab tom qab ntawd muaj kev noj mov ua ke. Xyoo 2010, kuv tau khwv tau kwv yees li 250,000 rubles, tab sis thaum kawg, kuv tsis tau ua tiav kuv daim ntawv kawm tiav qib siab thiab pom nws mus txog rau kev tiv thaiv - cov nyiaj hauv kev lag luam tau hloov mus ua qhov nthuav dua, thiab txoj haujlwm hnyav dua (Kuv thov txim, yog tias kuv tsis yuam kev).
Zuag qhia tag nrho, rau lo lus nug txog seb puas tsim nyog los tiv thaiv koj tus kheej, kuv yuav teb los ntawm kev paub dhau los li no: "Yog tias koj muaj sijhawm, nyiaj txiag, thiab lub hlwb, yog, nws tsim nyog. Nws yuav ua rau tub nkeeg zuj zus tom qab, txawm hais tias nrog kev paub dhau los nws yooj yim dua me ntsis."
Tseem Ceeb: Yog tias koj tab tom tiv thaiv koj daim ntawv kawm tiav qib siab vim koj muaj ib yam dab tsi los pab txhawb rau kev tshawb fawb thiab tsis muaj lub siab xav zam kev xeem, nyob hauv tsev kawm ntawv qib siab, lossis tau txais nyiaj pabcuam kawm tiav qib siab, koj tuaj yeem thov rau PhD. Hom kev kawm tiav qib siab no pheej yig dua li kev kawm tiav qib siab them nyiaj, tsis txwv los ntawm lub sijhawm kawg, thiab tsis tas yuav muaj kev xeem nkag.
▍Kev kawm qib siab thib ob
Ib tug ntawm kuv cov thawj coj tau hais tias niaj hnub no tsis muaj ob daim ntawv kawm tiav qib siab tsuas yog qhov tsis tsim nyog. Thiab qhov tseeb, sai dua lossis tom qab, nws los nrog qhov xav tau hloov cov kev kawm tshwj xeeb, rau kev nce qib hauv kev ua haujlwm, rau kev them nyiaj zoo dua, lossis tsuas yog vim dhuav.
Cia peb txhais qee cov lus: kev kawm qib siab thib ob yog kev kawm uas txhim kho tus kws tshwj xeeb tshiab nrog kev paub txog kev xav thiab kev txawj ua haujlwm, thiab daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm qhov no yog daim ntawv pov thawj kawm qib siab uas lub xeev lees paub. Qhov no txhais tau tias nws yog txoj kev qub: 3 txog 6 xyoo ntawm kev kawm, kev xeem, kev xeem kawg, thiab kev tiv thaiv daim ntawv kawm tiav qib siab.
Niaj hnub no, kev kawm qib siab thib ob tuaj yeem tau txais ntau txoj hauv kev (nyob ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb thiab tsev kawm ntawv qib siab).
- Tom qab koj kawm tiav qib siab thawj zaug lawm, koj yuav tsum kawm thiab ua kom tiav ib qho kev kawm tshiab, txawm tias yog ua haujlwm puv sijhawm, ua haujlwm ib nrab sijhawm, ua haujlwm yav tsaus ntuj, lossis ua haujlwm ib nrab sijhawm. Qhov kev xaiv no feem ntau tshwm sim thaum koj hloov koj txoj haujlwm loj heev: ib tug kws tshawb fawb txog kev lag luam txiav txim siab los ua tus thawj coj saib xyuas kev lag luam; ib tug kws kho mob, ib tug kws lij choj; ib tug kws tshawb fawb txog av, ib tug kws tshawb fawb txog tsiaj txhu.
- Kawm thaum yav tsaus ntuj los yog los ntawm kev sib txuas lus ua ke nrog koj thawj daim ntawv kawm tiav. Ntau lub tsev kawm ntawv tam sim no muab lub cib fim no tom qab xyoo thawj zaug thiab txawm tias muab kev nkag mus kawm tshwj xeeb yog tias koj GPA siab dua tus qauv ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv. Koj kawm koj qhov kev tshwj xeeb tseem ceeb thaum tib lub sijhawm tau txais daim ntawv kawm tiav hauv kev cai lij choj, kev lag luam, lossis lwm yam teb, feem ntau yog kev txhais lus. Qhov tseeb, nws tsis yog kev ntxhov siab heev - cov kev xeem feem ntau tsis sib tshooj - tab sis nws tso sijhawm tsawg dua rau kev so.
- Tom qab kawm tiav qib siab zaum ob, kawm raws li qhov kev kawm luv luv (3 xyoos) hauv ib qho kev tshwj xeeb lossis lwm qhov kev tshwj xeeb nrog rau kev ua tiav qee qhov kev xeem ntxiv (los ntawm kev pom zoo nrog lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab).
Txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws kom tau daim ntawv kawm tiav qib ob yog nyob rau hauv koj lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab: cov xib fwb paub zoo, kev hloov pauv yooj yim, feem ntau yog cov phiaj xwm them nqi yooj yim, kev sib koom ua ke, ib puag ncig paub zoo, thiab koj cov phooj ywg hauv chav kawm (feem ntau yog ob peb tus tub ntxhais kawm zoo li no hauv ib chav kawm). Txawm li cas los xij, kev kawm ntawm koj lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab yog qhov tsis zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev txhim kho kev paub thiab kev txawj, vim nws tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsis txav chaw thiab yog qhov "yog tias txhua tus neeg khiav, kuv kuj khiav thiab."
Txawm li cas los xij, lub hom phiaj sib txawv, thiab nws tsim nyog xav txog dab tsi ua rau cov neeg thov rau qib thib ob txhawb nqa, qhov no cuam tshuam li cas rau qhov zoo ntawm lawv txoj kev kawm, thiab ntau npaum li cas kev siv zog thiab kev ntxhov siab tsim nyog nws.
- Kawm kom paub txog ib qho kev tshwj xeeb uas cuam tshuam nrog koj qhov tseem ceeb. Qhov no yuav ua rau koj txoj kev ua haujlwm dav dua, ua rau koj muaj ntau yam kev txawj ntse, thiab qhib ntau lub sijhawm ua haujlwm (piv txwv li, ua tus kws tshawb fawb txog kev lag luam + kws lij choj, tus kws sau ntawv + tus thawj tswj hwm, tus neeg txhais lus + tus kws tshaj lij PR). Nws yooj yim heev rau kev kawm, thiab qhov sib tshooj ntawm cov kev kawm yuav pom tseeb hauv koj lub siab. Hom kev kawm no sai sai them rau nws tus kheej vim qhov xav tau cov txuj ci ntxiv.
- Kawm ib qho kev tshwj xeeb tshiab "rau koj tus kheej." Tej zaum koj daim ntawv kawm tiav qib siab thawj zaug tsis ua haujlwm, thiab tom qab khwv tau nyiaj, koj txiav txim siab ua kom koj txoj kev npau suav muaj tseeb - kawm tiav ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab uas koj ib txwm xav tau. Nws yuav luag zoo li lub xeev vwm me ntsis: npaj rau kev xeem, thov, thiab tom qab ntawd, ua ib tug neeg laus, rov qab mus rau kev qhia ntawv, coj koj txoj kev kawm 100% tiag tiag. Cov kev kawm zoo li no tsis muaj lub hom phiaj dab tsi tsuas yog ua kom tiav koj lub siab nyiam, thiab feem ntau tuaj yeem rov qab los: piv txwv li, koj yuav tsum sib tw hauv kev ua lag luam nrog cov tub ntxhais hluas kawm tiav, nce koj txoj haujlwm dua, khwv tau nyiaj hli pib, thiab lwm yam. Koj kuj yuav raug kev ntxhov siab los ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab tawm haujlwm lossis poob ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm koj lub neej (feem ntau yog koj lub neej tus kheej). Kev kawm yam tsis muaj lub hom phiaj yog qhov phem heev. Nws zoo dua los yuav cov phau ntawv zoo heev ntawm lub ncauj lus thiab kawm rau kev lom zem.
- Kawm kom paub txog ib qho txuj ci tshiab rau kev ua haujlwm. Qhov no pom tseeb: koj paub vim li cas koj thiaj kawm, thiab koj yuav luag lav tias yuav tau them rov qab cov nqi (thiab qee zaum koj tus tswv ntiav haujlwm txawm them rau kev cob qhia ua ntej). Los ntawm txoj kev, nws tau pom tias thaum nws yog kev ua haujlwm, tsis yog kev kawm yuam kev, kev paub tau txais sai dua thiab zoo dua. Kev txhawb siab nyiaj txiag zoo thiab raug cai ua rau lub hlwb koom nrog. 🙂
- Kawm ib hom lus txawv teb chaws. Qhov no yog qhov chaw tsis yog. Yog koj mus kawm ib lub tsev kawm ntawv txawv teb chaws thiab kawm puv sijhawm, lossis nws zoo dua los nrhiav lwm txoj hauv kev los kawm hom lus - yog tias tsuas yog vim tias hauv koj daim ntawv kawm tiav qib ob, koj yuav muaj cov ntsiab lus xws li kev kawm lus, kev xav dav dav ntawm kev kawm lus, kev sau ntawv, thiab lwm yam. Hauv cov kev kawm yav tsaus ntuj thiab ib nrab sijhawm, qhov no yog ib lub nra hnyav tsis muaj txiaj ntsig kiag li.
Qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws txog kev kawm qib ob yog cia koj tus kheej kawm zoo li koj tau ua thaum koj thawj zaug: tsis kawm ntawv, kawm ntau hmo tas los, tsis quav ntsej txog kev kawm tus kheej, thiab lwm yam. Vim tias qhov no yog kev kawm ntawm ib tus neeg uas paub tab thiab muaj laj thawj. Kev nqis peev yuav tsum ua tau zoo.
▍Kev kawm ntxiv
Tsis zoo li daim ntawv kawm tiav qib ob, qhov no yog kev kawm luv luv uas tsom mus rau kev txhim kho kev txawj ntse lossis tau txais kev tshwj xeeb tshiab hauv ib qho uas twb muaj lawm. Thaum kawm ntxiv, feem ntau koj yuav tsis ntsib cov blog kev kawm dav dav ntawm cov ncauj lus (thiab yuav tsis them rau lawv), thiab cov ntaub ntawv hauv kev qhuab qhia thiab kev cob qhia yog tsom mus rau ntau dua. Cov xib fwb sib txawv, nyob ntawm koj txoj hmoov: lawv yuav yog tib tug xib fwb hauv tsev kawm qib siab, lossis lawv yuav yog cov neeg ua haujlwm tiag tiag uas paub yuav ua li cas nthuav qhia kev xav kom nws muaj txiaj ntsig tiag tiag.
Muaj ob hom kev tau txais kev kawm ntxiv.
Cov kev kawm txuas ntxiv (kev cob qhia, kev sib tham) — hom kev kawm txuas ntxiv luv tshaj plaws, pib ntawm 16 teev. Lub hom phiaj ntawm cov chav kawm yog yooj yim heev: kom nthuav kev paub hauv ib cheeb tsam tshwj xeeb kom tus tub ntxhais kawm tuaj yeem tuaj rau chaw ua haujlwm thiab siv nws hauv kev xyaum. Piv txwv li, kev cob qhia CRM yuav pab tus neeg muag khoom muag tau zoo dua, thaum chav kawm prototyping yuav pab tus kws tshuaj xyuas chaw ua haujlwm lossis tus thawj tswj hwm project tsim cov qauv prototypes siab heev rau cov npoj yaig es tsis txhob sau ntawv rau ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm dawb.
Qhov no feem ntau yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv ntau tshaj plaws, rho tawm los ntawm ntau pua phau ntawv thiab cov peev txheej rau koj, txhim kho koj cov txuj ci, thiab teeb tsa koj cov kev paub uas twb muaj lawm. Tsuas yog nco ntsoov nyeem cov kev tshuaj xyuas ua ntej kev cob qhia thiab zam cov kws qhia thiab cov tsev kawm ntawv uas hais lus siab dhau thiab thawb dhau (peb yuav tsis hais lawv lub npe, tab sis peb xav tias koj twb paub cov tuam txhab no lawm).
Los ntawm txoj kev xav, cov chav kawm txhim kho kev ua haujlwm yog ib hom kev tsim pab pawg tshwj xeeb, sib txuas lus, ib puag ncig tshiab, thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Zoo dua li kev bowling lossis sib koom haus cawv.
Kev cob qhia dua tshiab — kev cob qhia ntev ntawm 250 teev lossis ntau dua, thaum lub sijhawm uas kev tshwj xeeb tau nce qib ntau lossis nws qhov kev tsom mus rau hloov pauv. Piv txwv li, chav kawm Python ntev yog kev cob qhia dua rau tus kws sau ntawv, thiab chav kawm Software Development yog rau tus kws ua haujlwm engineer.
Feem ntau, ib chav kawm rov qhia dua yuav tsum tau muaj kev xam phaj nkag mus txiav txim siab txog qib kev npaj thiab cov txuj ci yooj yim ntawm tus kws tshwj xeeb, tab sis qee zaum txhua tus neeg raug txais (cov neeg uas tsis muaj sijhawm yuav raug tshem tawm tom qab ob lossis peb chav kawm). Txwv tsis pub, chav kawm zoo ib yam li xyoo kawg ntawm tsev kawm qib siab: kev tshwj xeeb, kev xeem, kev xeem, thiab feem ntau yog ib qho project kawg thiab kev tiv thaiv nws. Cov tub ntxhais kawm hauv cov chav kawm no muaj lub siab xav ua haujlwm, twb muaj kev paub dhau los lawm; kev kawm thiab kev sib txuas lus yog qhov koom nrog, huab cua zoo, thiab tus kws qhia ntawv muaj sijhawm rau cov lus nug thiab kev sib tham. Yog tias koj muaj teeb meem dab tsi, koj tuaj yeem daws lawv nrog tus kws qhia ntawv - tom qab tag nrho, qhov no yog kev kawm, feem ntau ntawm tus nqi ntau.
Los ntawm txoj kev xav, kev paub dhau los qhia tau tias lus Askiv yog qhov kev kawm rov qhia dua tshiab phem tshaj plaws ntawm feem ntau cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab. Qhov no yog vim nws qhia los ntawm cov xib fwb hauv tsev kawm ntawv qib siab, uas tsis tshua muaj siab, thiab koj tsuas yog ua cov kev tawm dag zog los ntawm phau ntawv kawm thiab phau ntawv ua haujlwm. Hauv qhov no, lub tsev kawm ntawv xaiv lus zoo nrog kev sib txuas lus tiag tiag yog qhov zoo dua - thov txim rau cov chaw haujlwm kev kawm txuas ntxiv ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab hauv Lavxias.
Kev kawm txuas ntxiv yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo los daws cov teeb meem kev txawj ntse, sim ua tej yam tshiab, sim ua haujlwm tshiab, lossis tsuas yog kom muaj kev ntseeg siab. Tab sis dua, nyeem cov kev tshuaj xyuas thiab xaiv cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab hauv xeev, tsis yog ntau lub "tsev kawm ntawv qib siab ntawm txhua lub tebchaws Russia thiab lub Ntiaj Teb."
Muaj ntau hom kev kawm txuas ntxiv uas tsis suav tias yog "classical" uas tsis suav tias yog "classical" uas tsis suav nrog hauv tsab xov xwm no: kev cob qhia ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab hauv tuam txhab, tsev kawm lus (offline), tsev kawm ntawv programming (offline), kev cob qhia online—txhua yam koj xav tau. Peb yuav rov qab mus rau lawv hauv ntu 4 thiab 5, vim tias lawv muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm ntau dua li kev kawm qib siab ntawm tus kws tshwj xeeb.
Feem ntau, kev kawm yeej ib txwm muaj txiaj ntsig, tab sis kuv yaum kom koj xaiv thiab nkag siab meej tias dab tsi yog yam uas tsav koj, txawm tias nws puas tsim nyog siv sijhawm thiab nyiaj txiag tsuas yog rau kev siv ntawv ntxiv lossis kev ua tiav ntawm lub hom phiaj sab hauv.
Qhia rau peb paub hauv cov lus tawm tswv yim seb koj muaj pes tsawg txoj kev kawm qib siab thiab qib ntxiv, seb koj puas muaj daim ntawv kawm tiav qib siab, cov kev paub twg tau ua tiav thiab cov kev paub twg tsis tau ua tiav?
▍ Greedy postscript
Thiab yog hais tias koj twb loj hlob lawm thiab koj tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi rau txoj kev loj hlob, piv txwv li, ib tug zoo haib , mus - Peb muaj ntau yam nthuav.
Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com
