Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-1980s, lub USSR tsis tsuas yog ua si perestroika thiab hloov dua siab tshiab Simca 1307 mus rau hauv Moskvich-2141, tab sis kuj sim kwv yees lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm cov neeg siv khoom nruab nrab. Nws nyuaj heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm tag nrho cov tsis txaus. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kws tshawb fawb Soviet tau tuaj yeem kwv yees qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub laptops, smartphones, tsom iav ntse thiab lub mloog pob ntseg wireless.
Nws yog qhov lom zem uas txawm tias thaum ntawd, 30 xyoo dhau los, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siv tau zoo xav tawm:
"Qhov kev daws teeb meem uas xav tau tshaj plaws yog ua tau ntawm no: piv txwv li, looj tsom iav dub uas, ntawm tus neeg siv cov lus txib, tig mus rau hauv cov zaub uas qhia lub sijhawm lossis lwm yam ntaub ntawv tsim nyog (pulse rate, body temperature or ambient air).
Peb tab tom tham txog ib qhov project yug hauv plab hnyuv ntawm All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Technical Aesthetics (VNIITE). Nrog qee qhov tshwj xeeb, qhov project no tuaj yeem hu ua "smart home" system. Lub koom haum xam pom qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm txhua yam khoom siv hauv tsev - qhov tsis muaj ib qho system uas tuaj yeem ua ke nrog TV, tape recorder, VCR, computer, printer, thiab speaker. Thiab lawv tau tawm tswv yim daws qhov teeb meem no hauv phau ntawv xov xwm ""rau lub Cuaj Hlis 1987.
Yog li ntawd, kom paub. Ntawm no yog Superfunctional Integrated Communication System - SPHINX, tsim los ntawm Igor Lysenko, Alexey thiab Maria Kolotushkin, Marina Mikheeva, Elena Ruzova nyob rau hauv kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Dmitry Azrikan. Cov neeg tsim khoom tau piav qhia txog qhov project yog ib qho kev tsim qauv tsim rau lub tsev TV thiab xov tooj cua hauv xyoo 2000. Nws tsis yog ntau qhov project ntawm ib yam li ib qhov project ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov neeg siv khoom thiab cov ntaub ntawv.
Yuav luag txhua yam khoom siv yooj yim los txheeb xyuas, txoj cai?
Lub tswv yim zoo li yooj yim heev thiab rational. SPHINX yuav tsum sib sau ua ke tag nrho cov tswv yim thiab tso tawm cov khoom siv nrog cov txheej txheem sib xws, uas tseem ua haujlwm raws li cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia thiab txhais tau tias tau txais thiab xa tawm sab nraud. Cov ntaub ntawv tau txais los ntawm lub processor tau muab faib thoob plaws cov ntxaij vab tshaus, kab thiab lwm yam thaiv. Yog li hais tias cov blocks no tuaj yeem muab tso rau thoob plaws hauv chav tsev (piv txwv li, cov yeeb yaj kiab nrog lub suab khiav tau tshwm sim ntawm qhov screen hauv ib chav, video game hauv lwm qhov, lub khoos phis tawj nrog cov haujlwm ua haujlwm yog siv hauv chaw ua haujlwm, thiab phau ntawv audio. tab tom nyeem hauv chav ua noj), nws tau thov kom nteg lawv hauv chav tsev (tej zaum txawm tias thaum lub sijhawm tsim tsev) hu ua "busbars". Ntawd yog, qee cov kab hluav taws xob thoob ntiaj teb uas tuaj yeem siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab tswj lawv los ntawm lub processor.
Quote los ntawm kab lus:
"SPHINX yog cov khoom siv xov tooj cua-electronic rau lub tsev ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej. Tag nrho cov hauj lwm ntawm kev txais, kaw, khaws cia thiab faib ntau hom ntaub ntawv yog nqa tawm los ntawm ib tug central chav tsev processor nrog ib tug universal cia ntaus ntawv. Cov kev tshawb fawb tshiab tshaj plaws muab laj thawj rau kev cia siab rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom thoob ntiaj teb nyob rau yav tom ntej. Nws yuav hloov (thawj ntxiv) gramophone cov ntaub ntawv, audio thiab video cassettes, CDs tam sim no, duab thiab slides (tseem thav ntawv), cov ntawv luam tawm, thiab lwm yam. "
Sab laug - chav tsev nrog central processor SPHINX. Cov "petals" coj txawv txawv nyob rau hauv tus Tsov tus tw yog cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia, analogues ntawm niaj hnub SSDs, HDDs, flash drives, los yog, nyob rau hauv heev mob, CDs. Nyob rau hauv lub USSR lawv paub tseeb hais tias thawj lub universal cov ntaub ntawv nqa khoom yuav yog disk, thiab ces crystalline, tsis muaj txav mechanisms nyob rau hauv kev nyeem ntawv.
Hauv nruab nrab - ob txoj kev xaiv rau lub vaj huam sib luag loj. Xiav yog kov-sensitive thiab muaj ib qho ntxiv me me tes tuav cov chaw taws teeb tswj hauv qhov chaw so. Dawb - pseudo-sensory, nyob rau hauv lub recess - ib tug xov tooj receiver. Nws tuaj yeem txuas nrog lub ntsiav tshuaj-style screen los tsim ib yam dab tsi reminiscent ntawm lub laptop niaj hnub. Nyob rau sab xis ntawm cov keyboard yog ib khub ntawm "ntau - tsawg" cov yuam sij rau kev kho cov kev txwv.
Ntawm sab xis - ib tug me me tuav tswj chaw taws teeb nrog ib tug docked zaub. Cov kab pheeb ces kaum ntawm cov nyees khawm, raws li tau txiav txim siab, yog qhov yooj yim heev rau kev ua haujlwm nrog cov chaw taws teeb tswj. Txhua tus yuam sij yuav tsum tau rov qab, thiab yog tias tsim nyog, lub suab teb rau kev nias tuaj yeem qhib tau.
Nco ntsoov tias SPHINX cov cuab yeej tau muab faib ua peb pawg:
- Hnav tau
- Vaj tse ntsig txog
- Kev thauj mus los
Nws yog ib qho yooj yim kom paub txog "smart bracelets" thiab watches, "smart home" thiab tsheb on-board computers.
Koj tuaj yeem ua dab tsi nrog kev pab ntawm SPHINX? Yog lawm, ib yam uas peb ua niaj hnub no: saib TV thiab tsos ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv xov xwm, mloog nkauj, tau txais cov ntaub ntawv huab cua, hu xov tooj.
"Ntawm no tuaj yeem saib cov yeeb yaj kiab, yeeb yaj kiab, TV qhia, ua haujlwm ntawm kos duab, lwm yam duab thiab suab paj nruag, ua si hauv computer ua si, thiab cov khoom tawg ntawm tsev neeg album kuj tuaj yeem tso tawm ntawm no. Tsev neeg tuaj yeem npaj kev sib tham hauv xov tooj lossis kev sib tham ua lag luam. Cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv (sijhawm, huab cua, cov ntaub ntawv, lwm cov channel, thiab lwm yam) tuaj yeem nthuav tawm ntawm tus ncej inset, "
- lawv npau suav nyob rau hauv lub USSR.
Ob leeg xaim thiab wireless txuas ntawm lwm yam khoom siv tau muab. Cov neeg tsim khoom tau ntseeg siab tias tus processor yuav tuaj yeem tau txais cov ntaub ntawv thiab xa mus rau lwm cov khoom siv hauv tsev los ntawm lub xov tooj cua teeb liab (tus qauv ntawm Wi-Fi). Lub hauv paus processor yuav tsum muaj ib chav tsev uas hloov ntau hom kev taw qhia rau hauv daim ntawv digital.
Lub processor nws tus kheej tsuas yog ua raws li kev faib cov dej num rau lwm yam khoom siv. Yog li ntawd, nws tsis tas yuav khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw pom. Muaj tseeb, yog tias koj thawb lub cuab yeej nyob deb, ces nws yuav nyuaj rau ntxig "petals" rau hauv nws - cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia. Nws tau xav tias txhua lub disk yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev lom zem lossis ua haujlwm rau ib tus neeg hauv tsev neeg. Ntawd yog, piv txwv li, cov yeeb yaj kiab thiab kev ua si raug kaw rau ntawm ib qho nruab nrab, suab paj nruag thiab kev kawm rau lwm tus, kev lag luam thiab kev siv tswv yim ntawm ib feem peb, thiab lwm yam.
Lub hauv paus processor yuav tsum xa cov ntsiab lus tsim nyog rau cov zaub.
"SPHINX tso cai rau koj los pib nruab ib chav tsev nrog ib qho tseem ceeb tsim nyog ua haujlwm. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov cuab yeej tsis loj hlob ncaj qha rau tus lej ntawm cov neeg siv thiab kev ua haujlwm, tab sis tsuas yog me ntsis xwb. "
- qhov tseeb, qhov no yog lub tswv yim ntawm lub smartphone. Txawm tias muaj pes tsawg daim ntawv thov (kev ua haujlwm) koj nruab, qhov loj ntawm lub cuab yeej tsis hloov. Tshwj tsis yog tias koj yuav tsum tau ntxig daim npav loj dua.
Qhov system ntsia , tab sis tag nrho cov peev txheej ntawm SPHINX, zoo li lub kaw lus nws tus kheej, thaum lub sijhawm ntawd tsuas yog saib zoo ntawm nplooj ntawv ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm. Tsim ib qho kev teeb tsa ua haujlwm, tsis hais txog kev muab lub tswv yim rau hauv kev xyaum, yog tawm ntawm lo lus nug. Lub Soviet Union tau nce mus txog theem kawg ntawm kev tawg, nrog daim coupon rau qab zib, xab npum thiab nqaij, nrog rau kev sib cav sib ceg thiab kev txom nyem ntawm cov pej xeem. Leej twg txaus siab rau qhov kev xav ntawm qee tus neeg tsim qauv thiab engineers?
Thiab yog li cas?
Raws li rau VNIITE, tsis muaj dab tsi nthuav tshwm sim nyob ntawd kom txog rau thaum nruab nrab-2000s. Lub xeev tau hloov pauv, thiab yog tias yav dhau los yuav luag tag nrho cov khoom tsim tawm hauv USSR dhau los ntawm VNIITE, tam sim no qhov no tsis yog li ntawd. Lub koom haum tau dhau los ua neeg pluag, poob ceg hauv lwm lub nroog thiab ntau tus neeg ua haujlwm, thiab kaw qhov chaw tsim qauv ntawm Pushkinskaya Square. Cov neeg ua haujlwm tau koom nrog feem ntau hauv kev tshawb fawb nrog yuav luag tib yam li hauv 80s.
Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-2013s qhov xwm txheej tau hloov. Cov neeg tshiab tuaj, cov tswv yim tshiab tshwm sim. Thiab nyob rau hauv 461, lub koom haum tshawb fawb tau muab txuas rau RTU MIREA University los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Ministry of Education thiab Science ntawm Lavxias Federation hnub tim 2014. Nws cov dej num tsis xaus rau ntawd. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, txij li xyoo XNUMX, txhua xyoo International Day of Industrial Design tau tuav (nrog rau thaj chaw ntawm Skolkovo). Lub chaw soj ntsuam ergonomic tau rov pib dua, kev tshawb xav thiab kev ua haujlwm thiab lub tuam tsev tsim qauv tau rov pib dua, tsoomfwv cov haujlwm thiab cov haujlwm kev kawm tau tshwm sim. Ntawm cov phiaj xwm xav tau tshaj plaws, peb hais txog "Ergonomic Atlas". Vim li cas thiaj tseem ceeb? Sergey Moiseev, tus thawj coj txhim kho ntawm lub koom haum, hais tias:
"Txij li xyoo 1971, cov ntsuas anthropometric tsis tau ntsuas hauv peb lub tebchaws, thiab lawv lub cev tsis hloov lub sijhawm. Lub atlas twb nyob rau theem kawg ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab yuav raug tso tawm sai sai. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb, vim hais tias tam sim no nyob rau hauv Russia cov qauv ntawm cov khaub ncaws, cov qauv kev tiv thaiv kev ua hauj lwm, cov qauv chaw ua hauj lwm - tag nrho cov no sib raug rau cov kev ntsuas ntawm 1971.
Raws li lub taub hau ntawm SPHINX qhov project, Dmitry Azrikan, nws tau tsiv mus rau Tebchaws Meskas, qhov chaw nws tau los ua tus thawj coj tsim ntawm International Promotion Inc. Nyob rau hauv Chicago, thiab tau txais ntau tshaj li ib puas daim ntawv pov thawj rau industrial designs thiab patents nyob rau hauv Russia thiab lub teb chaws USA. Thiab tus tsim qauv kev cob qhia nws tau tsim los ntawm Western Michigan University (USA) tau pom zoo thiab tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj NASAD (National Association of Schools of Art and Design).
Dmitry, los ntawm txoj kev, ua tiav nws lub tswv yim. Xyoo 1990, nws lub tswv yim tau nthuav tawm hauv Spain.Β» . Thiab ntawm ib qho kev nthuav qhia xyoo 1992 hauv Nyij Pooj, kev ntxhov siab ntawm kev xav tau tshwm sim los ntawm lub tswv yim futurological "".
Dab tsi ntxiv nthuav koj tuaj yeem nyeem ntawm blog?
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Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com