Tom qab rau lub hlis ntawm kev tsim kho, GNOME 50 desktop ib puag ncig tau tso tawm. Rau kev ntsuam xyuas sai ntawm GNOME 50 lub peev xwm, cov qauv tsim tshwj xeeb raws li openSUSE thiab daim duab teeb tsa npaj ua ib feem ntawm GNOME OS initiative muaj. GNOME 50 kuj twb suav nrog hauv kev sim tsim. Ubuntu 26.04 thiab Fedora 44.
Hauv qhov kev tso tawm tshiab:
- Los ntawm GNOME Shell user interface thiab composite neeg rau zaub mov Mutter tau tshem tawm cov lej uas txhawb nqa X11 protocol. Tus thawj tswj zaub GDM tau tshem tawm kev txhawb nqa X11 thiab tsis pub tsim GDM yam tsis muaj Wayland, tab sis nws tseem khaws kev txhawb nqa rau kev khiav lwm qhov chaw desktop uas siv X11. Gnome-session tau tso tseg kev txhawb nqa rau kev khiav X11-raws li kev sib tham, thiab qhov kev xaiv "-Dx11" thiab lub peev xwm los teeb tsa X11 chaw tau raug tshem tawm ntawm gnome-settings-daemon.
Txij no mus, GNOME tsuas yog txhawb nqa Wayland-based session xwb, thiab kev txhawb nqa rau kev khiav hauv qab X server tau raug tshem tawm tag nrho. Lub peev xwm los khiav X11 daim ntawv thov siv XWayland tseem nyob. Kev txhawb nqa rau X11-based GNOME session tau raug tshem tawm yav dhau los hauv kev faib tawm. Ubuntu 25.10, Fedora 43, thiab RHEL 10. Lub tsev qiv ntawv GTK lub X11 backend tau raug tshem tawm lawm, thiab GTK5 npaj yuav khaws tsuas yog kev txhawb nqa Wayland. Lub rooj sib tham Wayland tau ua lub neej ntawd hauv GNOME txij li xyoo 2016.
- Ib lub kaw lus txuag kev sib tham tshiab raws li systemd tau raug siv, thiab GsmSessionSave khoom tau raug ntxiv los txuag lub xeev ntawm cov ntawv thov ib leeg. Ntxiv rau kev khaws cia qhov chaw ntawm lub qhov rais tom qab rov qab kho dua, GNOME daim ntawv thov tam sim no muaj peev xwm rov qab kho lawv lub xeev; piv txwv li, GNOME Calculator tuaj yeem rov qab kho hom kev xam xaiv. Ib qho hloov tau raug ntxiv rau Configurator los kaw qhov kev xaiv los txuag cov npe ntawm cov ntawv thov khiav thaum xaus kev sib tham thiab rov qab kho lawv lub qhov rais hauv kev sib tham tom ntej.
- Lub vijtsam nkag mus tam sim no muab cov npe sib tham los ntawm lub npe tso tawm. Qee cov khoom siv tso tawm ntawm lub vijtsam nkag mus tau hloov pauv nrog cov yam ntxwv systemd ib txwm muaj, ua rau GNOME vam khom tus thawj tswj hwm lub kaw lus no thiab xav tau kev tsim cov txheej tshiab rau GNOME kev xa khoom hauv kev faib khoom thiab cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm uas tsis siv systemd. GDM siv cov khoom siv systemd-userdb uas systemd muab. Tus thawj tswj hwm kev pabcuam uas tau tsim, uas ua haujlwm ntawm qib pib cov ntaub ntawv desktop, tau raug tshem tawm.
- Lub interface tswj hwm niam txiv tau raug tsim dua tshiab. Muaj cov yam ntxwv tshiab tau ntxiv rau kev taug qab lub sijhawm siv lub vijtsam, lim cov ntsiab lus hauv web, thiab teeb tsa lub sijhawm pw. Piv txwv li, cov niam txiv tam sim no tuaj yeem txwv lub sijhawm siv computer txhua hnub thiab teeb tsa lub sijhawm yav tsaus ntuj tom qab ntawd lub vijtsam yuav raug xauv thiab tus menyuam yuav tsis tuaj yeem qhib nws. Kuj tseem muaj kev xaiv rau tus menyuam thov lub sijhawm siv lub vijtsam ntxiv los ntawm niam txiv yog tias ncav cuag qhov txwv teem tseg. Lub interface tswj hwm niam txiv tam sim no tuaj yeem nkag mus tau los ntawm cov cuab yeej teeb tsa. Ib qho kev pabcuam rau kev lim cov ntsiab lus hauv web thaum ua haujlwm los ntawm cov nyiaj menyuam tau raug siv (lub interface rau kev teeb tsa cov lim dej yuav tshwm sim hauv qhov kev tso tawm tom ntej).
- Tus kws pab teeb tsa thawj zaug (gnome-initial-setup) tau hloov mus siv run0 los ntawm lub neej ntawd los pib ua cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb es tsis yog pkexec.
- Tus thawj tswj ntaub ntawv Nautilus muaj lub tshuab tsim dua tshiab rau kev hloov npe cov pab pawg ntaub ntawv, ntau hom ntaub ntawv lim dej tam sim no raug tso cai thaum lub sijhawm tshawb nrhiav, qhov txuas mus rau qhov chaw tau ntxiv rau Recycle Bin cov ntawv qhia zaub mov, lub rooj sib tham pop-up ywj pheej nrog cov khoom ntaub ntawv tau raug siv, thiab kev ua tiav tsis raug cai tau raug siv hauv kab nkag ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.
Nautilus kuj tseem muaj qhov txo qis kev siv lub cim xeeb, kev thauj khoom sai dua ntawm cov cim thiab cov duab me me, kev them nqi ntau dua, kev siv dav ntawm Blueprint lus rau kev tsim interface, thiab kev siv Glycin tsev qiv ntawv rau kev rho tawm cov duab hauv sandbox.
- Tus neeg saib ntawv tam sim no txhawb nqa tag nrho cov lus piav qhia rau cov kab lus hauv daim ntawv. Cov lus piav qhia tam sim no tuaj yeem ntxiv nrog ib qho nias hauv lub qhov rais tseem ceeb. Tam sim no koj tuaj yeem kos kab thiab qhia cov ntawv sau rau ntawm cov ntsiab lus.
- Tus neeg npaj daim ntawv qhia hnub tam sim no muaj cov npe neeg tuaj koom tshiab, uas tso cai rau cov neeg siv saib cov neeg raug caw tuaj koom thiab soj ntsuam lawv cov neeg tuaj koom. Lub kaw lus tswj kev caw puv ntoob tau npaj rau yav tom ntej. Tus qauv tsim kev sib tham tau raug tsim dua tshiab rau kev ntxiv cov xwm txheej tshiab sai sai. Kev txhawb nqa kev xa tawm hauv hom ntawv ICS tau raug ntxiv. Lub interface saib cov xwm txheej txhua hli tau raug txhim kho. Kev txhawb nqa rau kev taw qhia cov xwm txheej siv cov yuam sij cursor tau raug ntxiv.
- Tus configurator tau raug tsiv mus rau Blueprint interface lus. Lub X11 configuration backend tau raug tshem tawm. Kev xaiv los xaiv thawj hnub ntawm lub lim tiam tau raug ntxiv rau hnub thiab lub sijhawm teeb tsa. Qhov no cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov npe hnub ua haujlwm hauv daim ntawv qhia hnub thiab Evolution mail client. Lub modem configuration interface tau raug tsiv mus rau libadwaita widgets thiab tau koom ua ke nrog lwm qhov chaw teeb tsa. Cov teeb meem calibration ntawm qhov screen ntawm nplooj ntawv tswj xim tau raug daws. Ntawm nplooj ntawv teeb tsa suab, cov theem ntim rau cov suab inputs thiab outputs tam sim no tau sib cais kom meej dua.
- Lub tshuab ua haujlwm deb tau txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo heev thiab siv cov khoom siv kho vajtse kom nrawm dua rau cov zis video siv Vulkan thiab VA-API APIs. Kev txhawb nqa rau lub tshuab "explicit sync" tau koom ua ke, txo qhov latency thiab tshem tawm cov khoom cuav ntawm cov kab ke nrog NVIDIA tsav tsheb. Kev txhawb nqa HiDPI tau ntxiv, nrog rau lub peev xwm los ntsuas qhov tso zis kom phim qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm qhov screen. Lub peev xwm siv lub webcam hauv zos hauv kev sib tham nrog lub tshuab deb tau siv. Kev txhawb nqa Kerberos authentication tau ntxiv.
- Muaj ib qho kev xaiv "Reduced Motion" ntxiv rau hauv qhov chaw teeb tsa kom txo qhov kev siv cov duab kos hauv lub interface. Lub Orca screen reader tau hloov kho tshiab, muab ib qho chaw teeb tsa tshiab, kev nthuav dav navigation, thiab kev hloov lus tsis siv neeg.
- Tus thawj tswj zaub GDM tau hloov kho nrog "gnome-headless-session@.service" kev pabcuam los ua kom yooj yim rau kev pib cov kev sib tham tsis muaj taub hau (piv txwv li, thaum nkag mus rau lub desktop remotely ntawm RDP).
- Kev txhawb nqa zoo dua rau cov qib scaling uas tsis yog integer thiab Variable Refresh Rate (VRR) mechanism, uas hloov pauv qhov monitor's refresh rate kom du thiab tsis muaj kua muag thaum ua si thiab ua si video. Kev qhib VRR ua kom tus cursor processing tsis cuam tshuam rau daim ntawv thov lub frame rate, ua rau tus cursor txav tau zoo ntawm qhov monitor's refresh rate siab tshaj plaws (piv txwv li, 144 Hz), txawm tias thaum qhov kev ua si lossis daim ntawv thov tso saib cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov frame rate qis dua.
- Cov teeb meem nrog kev tsis sib haum xeeb thiab kev poob ntawm tus ncej ntawm cov kab ke uas muaj NVIDIA cov tsav tsheb tau daws nrog kev daws teeb meem. Cov duab kos ntawm qhov rais tau du dua thiab qhov kev teb ntawm lub interface tau zoo dua ntawm cov kab ke uas muaj NVIDIA cov duab kos.
- Kev txhawb nqa rau Wayland color-management-v2 protocol, uas muab cov cuab yeej rau kev tswj xim, tau raug siv.
- Kev txhawb nqa rau kev sib qhia ntawm qhov screen nrog HDR metadata khaws cia tau siv los tiv thaiv kev poob ntawm cov xim saturation thaum tshaj tawm lossis kaw cov ntsiab lus HDR.
- Lub tsev qiv ntawv GTK tau hloov kho tshiab rau ceg 4.22, uas siv lub cav ua haujlwm SVG uas ua tiav.
- Lub tsev qiv ntawv Libadwaita, uas suav nrog cov khoom siv rau kev teeb tsa cov neeg siv interfaces, tau hloov kho tshiab rau version 1.9, uas muab cov widgets tshiab nrog kev siv sidebar: AdwSidebar nrog kev txhawb nqa rau cov ntu, cov lus qhia, thiab cov ntawv qhia zaub mov; AdwViewSwitcherSidebar rau kev tsim cov vaj huam sib luag hloov kho uas tuaj yeem tswj hwm AdwViewStack.
Tau qhov twg los: opennet.ru
