Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub

Thaum mus xyuas txhua lub tebchaws, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam kev ncig tebchaws nrog kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw.
pej xeem kev txawj ntse

Hauv cov ntawv dhau los (ntu 1, ntu 2, ntu 3) peb tau kov ntawm lub ncauj lus tshaj lij, dab tsi tos ib tug hluas thiab tseem ntsuab kawm tiav tsev kawm ntawv qib siab thaum nkag, nrog rau thaum nws kawm hauv Switzerland. Qhov txuas ntxiv, uas yog qhov ua tau raws li peb qhov dhau los, yog qhia thiab tham txog lub neej txhua hnub, txog tsheb kauj vab и lus dab neeg, uas tau nthuav dav hauv Is Taws Nem (feem ntau yog qhov tsis muaj tseeb), hais txog Switzerland, thiab tseem cuam tshuam rau qhov sib npaug ntawm cov nuj nqis thiab cov nyiaj tau los.

Disclaimer: Vim li cas kuv thiaj li pib sau tsab xov xwm no? Muaj ntau ntau "cov dab neeg ua tiav" ntawm Habré txog kev tawm mus, tab sis tsawg heev txog qhov tseeb tias tus neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw yuav tau ntsib thaum tuaj txog. Ib tug ib qho ntawm ob peb yam piv txwv uas kuv nyiam, txawm tias tus sau tau saib lub ntiaj teb los ntawm cov tsom iav liab, IMHO. Yog, koj tuaj yeem nrhiav tau ib yam dab tsi zoo sib xws hauv qhov loj ntawm Google Docs, uas tau hloov kho qee zaus, nrog cov lus qhia txawv txav, tab sis qhov no tsis muab cov duab tiav. Yog li cia peb sim piav qhia nws!

Txhua yam uas tau teev tseg hauv qab no yog ib qho kev sim xav txog qhov muaj tiag nyob ib puag ncig, uas yog, hauv tsab xov xwm no kuv xav tsom mus rau kuv tus kheej txoj kev xav los ntawm txoj kev mus thiab qhia kuv cov kev soj ntsuam. Kuv vam tias qhov no yuav txhawb kom ib tus neeg tsiv mus rau Switzerland, thiab ib tus neeg ua kom tsawg kawg yog lawv tus kheej Switzerland me me hauv lawv lub tiaj nraum qaum tsev.

Yog li, cia peb tham txog txhua yam nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim, ua rau koj tus kheej xis nyob, yuav muaj ib tug ntev nyeem.

Ceev faj, muaj ntau txoj kev tsheb khiav hauv qab kev txiav (~ 20 MB)!

Paub qhov tseeb txog me ntsis-paub Switzerland

Qhov Tseeb No 1: Switzerland yog thawj zaug thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws kev koom tes

Hauv lwm lo lus, qib ntawm kev ywj pheej ntawm tus kheej cantons yog qhov siab heev. Kwv yees li hauv Tebchaws Meskas, qhov twg txhua lub xeev muaj nws cov se, nws tus kheej cov kev txiav txim plaub ntug, thiab lwm yam, uas tau koom ua ke los ntawm qee cov cai.

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub
"Kev nom kev tswv" daim ntawv qhia ntawm Switzerland. Tau qhov twg los

Tau kawg, muaj cov roj cantons - Geneva (banks), Vaud (EPFL + tourism), Zurich (cov tuam txhab loj IT), Basel (Roche thiab Novartis), Bern (qhov no feem ntau yog qhov loj tshaj plaws thiab tsim ntau tshaj), thiab muaj qee qhov. Appenzell Innerrhoden, uas yog ib qho nyuaj rau nrhiav tau ntawm daim ntawv qhia, los yog Valais, uas cov neeg nyob hauv feem ntau raug kev ntxub ntxaug (muaj ntau tus neeg nyob hauv hav zoov, kev nom kev tswv yog "cov menyuam yaus los ntawm kev sib raug zoo" thiab feem ntau lawv koom nrog lub koom haum. Tom qab lub yeej ntawm Napoleon cov tub rog nyob rau hauv 1815).

Qhov Tseeb No 2: Switzerland yog ib lub teb chaws ntawm cov Soviets

Switzerland yog qhov tseem ceeb los ntawm pawg sab laj, uas yog qhov kuv txhais tau sau tau nyob rau 100th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub Revolution. Yog, yog, koj tau hnov ​​lawm, lo lus Fabkis txoj Conseil (cov lus qhia) thiab German Beratung (muab tswv yim, kev qhia) yog qhov tseem ceeb tib lub rooj sab laj ntawm tib neeg cov neeg sawv cev ntawm kaj ntug ntawm "Lub Kaum Hli, Socialist, Koj li!"

NB rau bores: yog, kuv nkag siab zoo kawg nkaus tias tej zaum qhov no yog rub tus plas ntawm lub ntiaj teb thiab tom qab kev paub, tab sis lub hom phiaj thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm Council thiab Conseil coincide, uas yog kom cov pej xeem zoo tib yam koom nrog hauv cov hauv paus ntawm kev tswj hwm lawv. koog tsev kawm ntawv, nroog, lub teb chaws thiab xyuas kom meej lub succession ntawm lub hwj chim.

Cov pawg sab laj no muaj ntau theem: Pawg Sab Laj ntawm koog tsev kawm ntawv lossis "lub zos" - Conseil de Commune lossis Gemeinde, raws li lawv hu ua Röstigraben, Lub Nroog Council - Conseil de Ville, Canton Council - Conseil d'Etat), Canton Council - Conseil des Etats, Federal Council - Conseil Federal Suisse. Qhov kawg yog tsoom fwv teb chaws. Feem ntau, tsuas muaj cov lus qhia nyob ib puag ncig. Lub xeev ntawm txoj haujlwm no tau muab tso rau hauv Txoj Cai Lij Choj thaum ntxov li xyoo 1848 (yog lawm, Lenin thaum lub sijhawm ntawd me me thiab muaj lub taub hau curly!).

L'Union soviétique lossis L'Union des Conseils?Rau kuv nws zoo li lub bolt los ntawm lub Kaum Ib Hlis Ntuj ntshiab tom qab 5 xyoo nyob hauv Switzerland. Yuav ua li cas, poob nthav, xyoo 1848 thiab thawj zaug mus ntsib "nobleman" Ulyanov tuaj ua ke hauv kuv lub taub hau. aka Lenin nyob rau hauv 1895 mus rau Switzerland, i.e. Ib nrab xyoo pua tom qab tsim ntawm lub Soviet system, thiab "Soviets" aka Conseils. Tab sis Lenin nyob hauv Switzerland tau 5 xyoos ntxiv los ntawm 1905 txog 1907 (tom qab tsim. thawj Council of Workers 'Deputies nyob rau hauv Alapaevsk) thiab los ntawm 1916 mus rau 1917. Yog li, Ilyich muaj sijhawm txaus (thiab tom qab ntawd 5 xyoo yog lub sijhawm wow-dab tsi!) tsis yog rau kev ua ub ua no xwb, tab sis kuj kawm txog kev nom kev tswv hauv zos.

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub
Memorial plaque rau "Führer" hauv Zurich

Peb yuav tsis xav txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm seb Lenin lossis lwm tus kiv puag ncig coj "Soviets" mus rau Russia los yog seb lawv tau los ntawm lawv tus kheej li cas, txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem ntawm pawg sab laj no tau ua haujlwm zoo thiab tom qab Lub Kaum Hli Revolution nws tau xa mus. Nyob rau hauv lub unplowed teb ntawm "fragments ntawm autocracy", nrog rau cov neeg zoo tib yam: peasants, sailors, neeg ua hauj lwm thiab tub rog.

Ob peb xyoos tom qab lub teb chaws ntawm lub Soviets nyob rau hauv 1922, lub xeev ntawm lub USSR tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia, uas, oddly txaus, kuj yog. Con-federation, thiab tsab xov xwm ntawm kev cais tawm tau yooj yim siv los ntawm cov koom haum koom pheej hauv xyoo 90s. Yog li lwm zaus koj pom ib tug hais Lub Union sovietique (tom qab tag nrho, Fabkis yog cov lus ntawm kev diplomacy thoob ntiaj teb niaj hnub no) lossis Soviet Union, xav txog seb nws puas yog Soviet, lossis tej zaum nws yog L'Union des Conceils?!

Lub ntsiab lus ntawm tag nrho cov pawg sab laj no yog muab tag nrho cov pej xeem ntawm Confederation txoj cai los koom rau hauv kev nom kev tswv lub neej ntawm lub teb chaws thiab, qhov tseeb, ncaj qha kev ywj pheej. Yog li, cov nom tswv feem ntau yuav tsum tau sib txuas ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua nrog lub luag haujlwm hauv tsoomfwv hauv nroog, uas yog, hauv qee yam ntawm Pawg Sab Laj.

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub
Nov yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov neeg sib tw: tus kws ua zaub mov (cusinier), tus tsav tsheb, kws kho hniav thiab tus kws hluav taws xob muaj. Tau qhov twg los

Kuv zoo siab tias cov neeg Swiss muaj lub luag haujlwm tsis yog rau lawv "tsev" nkaus xwb, tab sis tseem muaj lub siab xav koom nrog lub neej ntawm lub zos thiab lub nroog, thiab muaj qee yam ntawm innate thiab / los yog kev coj noj coj ua ntawm lub luag haujlwm.

Qhov tseeb #3: Swiss kev nom kev tswv yog qhov tshwj xeeb

Los ntawm qhov tseeb 2 nws ua raws li Switzerland yog ib qho ntawm ob peb lub tebchaws hauv ntiaj teb uas muaj kev ywj pheej ncaj qha tau thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo. Yog lawm, cov neeg Swiss nyiam tshaj tawm lawv lub siab nyiam rau txhua lub sijhawm - los ntawm seb puas yuav siv cov phom loj los tso cov avalanches seb puas yuav tsim tsev los ntawm cov pob zeb lossis los ntawm cov ntoo zoo nkauj dua (hauv Switzerland muaj roob, muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv raw, tab sis qhov no supposedly tua lub ntuj zoo nkauj, thiab feem ntau: nws zoo nkaus li nyob rau hauv ib tug dab tuag txoj kev, tab sis nrog ib tug "zoo nkauj" tsob ntoo nws yog tense).

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm no - hauv kev npau taws ntawm kev tawm tsam rau kev pov npav thoob ntiaj teb thiab thoob ntiaj teb - yog kom nco ntsoov tias tsuas yog ntau dua 8 lab tus tib neeg nyob hauv Switzerland thiab teeb tsa kev pov npav rau txhua qhov teeb meem yog ib txoj haujlwm yooj yim. Thiab nws yooj yim los sau cov txheeb cais - xa email nrog koj tus lej nkag mus thiab koj ua tiav.

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub
Qhov no yog qhov kev sau cov ntaub ntawv txheeb cais zoo li. Txhawm rau pov npav, koj tseem yuav tau mus rau qhov chaw xaiv tsa koj tus kheej, tab sis tsuas yog pej xeem muaj cai pov npav.

Los ntawm txoj kev, qhov no yooj yim heev thiab tso cai rau koj los tsim cov ntaub ntawv txheeb xyuas yooj yim txhua xyoo. Piv txwv li, cov ntaub ntawv pej xeem rau 150 xyoo dhau los ntawm Swiss keeb kwm hauv ib file.

Qhov tseeb # 4: Kev ua tub rog yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua hauv Switzerland

Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev pabcuam nws tus kheej tsis yog rub, txuas ntxiv them tus nqi them rau Motherland los ntawm lub laj kab mus txog thaum hnub poob, tab sis yog qhov yuav tsum tau muaj kev noj qab haus huv rau cov txiv neej txog li 45 xyoo suav nrog. Muaj tseeb tiag, thawj 40 xyoo ntawm cov menyuam yaus yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws hauv tus txiv neej lub neej! Txawm tias tus tswv haujlwm tsis muaj cai tsis kam lees yog tias tus neeg ua haujlwm raug hu mus rau qhov chaw cob qhia, thiab lub sijhawm siv (feem ntau 1-2 lub lis piam) yuav them tag nrho.

Vim li cas thiaj muaj chaw kho mob? Cov tub rog mus tsev rau hnub so thiab ua haujlwm nruj me ntsis raws li teev. Piv txwv li, thaum sawv ntxov ntxov lub dav hlau raug nyiag nyob rau hauv cov neeg nyob ze Ltalis thiab xa mus rau Geneva, tom qab ntawd los ntawm kev sib tsoo (hnub ua haujlwm ntawm 8 teev sawv ntxov txog 6 teev tsaus ntuj thiab so ntawm 12 txog 13 teev tsaus ntuj) cov tub rog Swiss tsis tau nrog nws nrog ib tug escort.

Muaj cov lus dab neeg tsis tu ncua uas txhua tus Swiss tau muab riam phom coj mus tsev tom qab ua tub rog. Tsis yog rau txhua tus, tab sis tsuas yog rau cov neeg uas xav tau thiab tsis tau muab nws (uas yog, dawb), tab sis lawv yuav rov qab los ntawm tus nqi tsawg, thiab muaj qhov yuav tsum tau khaws cia, thiab tsis yog hauv qab txaj. Los ntawm txoj kev, koj tuaj yeem tua nrog cov riam phom no ntawm kev tua ntau yog tias koj paub cov tub rog.

DUP los ntawm Graphite : Nyob ib ncig ntawm 2008, lawv tau tso tseg riam phom rau txhua tus. Cov kev cai tshwj xeeb cia (sib cais bolt) tsuas yog siv rau riam phom tsis siv neeg, piv txwv li. thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Tom qab cov tub rog, cov phom loj tau hloov mus rau hauv ib lub tshuab tsis siv neeg thiab tuaj yeem khaws cia zoo li lwm yam riam phom ("tsis muaj rau peb tog"). Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov tub rog nquag muaj rab phom tshuab hauv lub kaus sawv ntawm qhov nkag, thiab lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj tau pw hauv lub rooj tub rau khoom.

Qhov kev tawm suab zaum kawg (saib qhov tseeb No. 3) yuav yuam tsoomfwv los siv cov qauv European rau kev tuav riam phom, uas yog, nws yuav ua kom nruj lawv cov khoom.

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub
Sab laug: Swiss Army phom SIG Sturmgewehr 57 (tua fais fab), txoj cai: kev txaus siab ntawm kev tua los ntawm B-1-4 (yog tias koj paub kuv txhais li cas) aka Suab puam dav dawb

Qhov Tseeb No 5: Switzerland tsis yog cheese, chocolate, riam thiab saib xwb

Ntau tus neeg, thaum lawv hnov ​​lo lus Switzerland, xav txog cheese (Gruyère, Ementhaler lossis Tilsiter), chocolate (feem ntau yog Toblerone, vim nws muag hauv txhua lub luag haujlwm dawb), riam tub rog thiab saib kim heev.

Yog tias koj tab tom xav yuav ib lub moos Swatch pawg (qhov no kuj suav nrog cov khoom lag luam xws li Tissot, Balmain, Hamilton thiab lwm yam), tom qab ntawd txog li 1 francs, yuav luag txhua lub watches tau tsim nyob rau hauv tib lub chaw tsim khoom thiab kev ntim ntawm txhua lub moos yog kwv yees li qub. Tsuas yog pib los ntawm sab sauv (Rado, Longines) ua yam tsawg kawg qee qhov "chips" tshwm.

Qhov tseeb, lub ntiaj teb kev txiav txim nyob rau hauv Switzerland yog xws li hais tias technologies yog tsim thiab tsim nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, uas yog ces exported los ntawm lub teb chaws, vim hais tias lub teb chaws yog tsis muaj peev xwm. Cov piv txwv nto moo tshaj plaws yog Nestlé mis hmoov thiab Oerlikon rifled chim (Orlikon) uas Wehrmacht thiab Kriegsmarine tau nruab thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub teb chaws muaj nws tus kheej microelectronics ntau lawm (ABB - lub zog, EM Microelectronic - RFID, ntse phaib, ntse saib khoom, thiab lwm yam raws li cov khoom lag luam), nws tus kheej tsim cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom sib dhos, nws tus kheej lub tsheb ciav hlau sib dhos (ob chav decker Bombardier, piv txwv li, sau nyob rau hauv Villeneuve) thiab ntxiv rau hauv cov npe. Thiab kuv yuav tactfully ua ntsiag to txog qhov tseeb tias ib nrab ntawm kev lag luam kws tshuaj nyob hauv Switzerland (Lonza hauv pawg tshiab hauv Sierre, Roche thiab Novartis hauv Basel thiab thaj chaw ib puag ncig, DeBioPharm hauv Lausanne thiab Martin.и (Martigny) thiab ntau lub lag luam pib thiab cov tuam txhab me me).

Qhov Tseeb No 6: Switzerland yog lub kaleidoscope ntawm huab cua

Switzerland muaj tus kheej Siberia Nrog rau qhov kub thiab txias mus rau -30 C, muaj lawv tus kheej Sochi (Montreux, Montreux), qhov twg rickety xibtes loj hlob zoo nkauj thiab pab tsiaj ntawm swans graze, muaj lawv tus kheej "deserts" (Valais), qhov twg huab cua av noo ntawm 10 mus rau 30. % tag nrho lub xyoo puag ncig, thiab cov hnub ci hnub ib xyoos ntau tshaj 320, thiab tseem muaj St. Petersburg, zoo li Geneva (nrog rau dej khov и "dej" metrolos yog Zurich.

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub
Saib rau pem hauv ntej rau Xyoo Tshiab: nws tseem sov heev hauv Montreux, thiab twb muaj daus nyob rau hauv roob

Nws yog qhov lom zem, Switzerland muaj npe nrov rau nws qhov chaw caij ski, tab sis feem ntau lub nroog tsis tau daus ntau, yog li lawv feem ntau tsis tshem cov daus, tab sis tshem tawm txoj kev tsheb thiab cov neeg taug kev - lawv tos kom nws yaj. Cov kev loj, tau kawg, yuav tsum tau ntxuav ua ntej, tab sis tsuas yog thaum pib ntawm hnub ua haujlwm. Tam sim no xav txog lub nroog ntawm ib nrab lab, zoo li Zurich, thaum lub sijhawm apocalypses ...

Ib qho piv txwv yog snowfall hauv Zion thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2017 - ua tiav kev tawg. Txawm tias qhov chaw nres tsheb platform tau ntxuav tau ob peb hnub. Zion tsis muaj hmoo ob zaug hauv 2017-2018 - thawj nws npog nrog daus nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, thiab tom qab ntawd poob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov. Txawm peb lub chaw kuaj mob puas lawm. Thiab cia kuv nug koj kom nco ntsoov, tsis muaj Sobyanin.

Hauv Switzerland, txhua yam ua haujlwm zoo li lub moos meej, tab sis sai li sai tau thaum nws daus, nws tig mus rau hauv Ltalis. (c) yog kuv tus thawj coj.

Thiab yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv txhua lub tsev muaj ib tug neeg saib xyuas kev tu lub zos, feem ntau yog ib tug concierge, muaj ib tug yooj yim tu cov cuab yeej (piv txwv li, li ntawd,). Hauv cov zos, cov neeg nyob nrog lub tsheb loj muaj cov hniav tshwj xeeb rau qhov no. Ntxuav txhua yam mus rau asphalt lossis vuas, txwv tsis pub nws yuav yaj thaum nruab hnub thiab khov thaum hmo ntuj. Dab tsi tiv thaiv cov neeg hauv tebchaws Russia los ntawm kev sib sau ua ke thiab muab lawv tus kheej cov vaj tse nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim, los yog yuav cov khoom sib xyaw me me (~ 30k rubles) rau cov hom phiaj no, tseem yog qhov tsis paub rau kuv.

Zaj dab neeg ntawm ib qho chaw nres tsheb hauv RussiaNws thiaj li tshwm sim hais tias txog 8 xyoo dhau los kuv muaj tsheb, kuv hlub nws thiab nqa shovel nyob rau hauv nws, uas kuv tau siv los khawb kuv qhov chaw nres tsheb. Yog li ntawd nyob rau hauv 1 hnub nyob rau hauv kuv nyob deb ntawm cov neeg pluag yard (SUVs los ntawm Mazda thiab Tuaregs yog tus qauv) Kuv khawb li 4 qhov chaw nres tsheb nyob rau hauv ib hnub kaj.

Ib yam li hauv kev sib raug zoo, txhua yam yog txiav txim siab tsis yog los ntawm leej twg tshuav dab tsi rau leej twg, tab sis los ntawm qhov koj tus kheej tau ua rau kev yooj yim thiab kev noj qab haus huv. Koj yuav tsum pib nrog koj tus kheej! Thiab cov Tuaregs tseem tab tom dov lawv cov kab hauv vaj thiab hauv qhov chaw nres tsheb ...

Qhov Tseeb No 7: Universal “kev coj ncaj ncees”

Qhia rau kuv ncaj ncees, thaum twg yog zaum kawg koj tau hais tias "zoo tav su" thiab "ua tsaug" rau cov neeg ua haujlwm pabcuam? Thiab nyob rau hauv Switzerland no yog tib tus cwj pwm xws li nqus tau pa thiab exhaling, uas intensifies nyob rau hauv me me zos. Piv txwv li, ntawm no yuav luag txhua leej txhua tus yuav tau hais bonjour / guten Tag / buongiorno (zoo tav su) thaum pib ntawm kev sib tham, merci / Danke / gracie (ua tsaug) tom qab qee qhov kev pabcuam thiab bonne journée / Tschüss / ciao (muaj qhov zoo. hnub) thaum hais goodbye. Thiab hauv haikkas, txhua tus neeg koj ntsib yuav hais nyob zoo rau koj - amazing!

Thiab qhov no tsis yog neeg Amelikas "hawai", thaum ib tug neeg tuav ib tug hneev taw nyob rau hauv nws lub xub pwg nyom kom chop sai li sai tau thaum koj tig mus. Nyob rau hauv Switzerland, txij li lub teb chaws me me thiab txog thaum tsis ntev los no nrog ib tug tseem ceeb "nyob deb nroog" cov pej xeem, txhua leej txhua tus tos txais, txawm tias yuav, tab sis ntau lub siab dawb paug nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States.

Txawm li cas los xij, tsis txhob yuam kev los ntawm kev tos txais thiab kev ua siab zoo ntawm Swiss. Cia kuv ceeb toom rau koj tias lub teb chaws muaj qee cov cai nruj tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua kom muaj neeg nyob, uas suav nrog kev ua neej nyob, kev paub lus, thiab kev xeem. Zoo nyob rau sab nraud, me ntsis nationalism nyob rau hauv.

Qhov Tseeb No 8: Lub zos Swiss yog cov muaj sia nyob tshaj plaws

Kuj ceeb tias, tab sis muaj tseeb: nyob rau hauv Switzerland, lub zos tsis tsuas yog tsis tuag tawm, tab sis kuj tsim thiab nthuav heev tolerably. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm no tsis yog hais txog ecology thiab cov nyom ntsuab uas tshis thiab nyuj gallop, tab sis tsuas yog kev lag luam. Txij li thaum Switzerland yog ib lub koom haum, cov se (tshwj xeeb, cov nyiaj tau los ntawm tus kheej) raug them ntawm no ntawm 3 theem: cov zej zog (tsev / nroog), cantonal (" cheeb tsam ") thiab tseem fwv. Tsoom fwv teb chaws ib yam nkaus rau txhua leej txhua tus, tab sis "kev tswj hwm" - nyob rau hauv kev nkag siab zoo ntawm lo lus - nrog rau ob qho tib si tso cai rau koj txo nqi se ntau yog tias tsev neeg nyob hauv "lub zos".

Peb yuav tham txog cov se kom meej nyob rau hauv ib feem tom ntej no, tab sis rau tam sim no kuv yuav nco ntsoov tias yog hais tias rau Lausanne, uas yog, ib tug neeg nyob rau hauv lub nroog, tus nqi se raws cai yog ~ 25% ib tug neeg, ces rau ib co godforsaken lub zos nyob rau hauv lub nroog. tib lub canton ntawm Vaud, piv txwv li, Mollie-Margot nws yuav yog ~ 15-17%. Nws yog qhov tseeb tias tsis yog txhua qhov sib txawv no tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv koj lub hnab ris, vim tias koj yuav tsum tuav lub tsev koj tus kheej, txiav nyom, them nyiaj rau lub tsheb thiab mus ua haujlwm hauv nroog, tab sis cov nqi vaj tsev qis dua, cov zaub mov yog. ua liaj ua teb, thiab cov me nyuam muaj kev ywj pheej khiav ncig hauv meadows.

Thiab yog, lawv muaj tus cwj pwm coj txawv txawv heev rau kev sib yuav. Qee lub sij hawm cov se rau tsev neeg tsis muaj menyuam tuaj yeem ua tau ntau dua cov se rau ib tus neeg, yog li Swiss tsis nrawm nrawm mus rau lub chaw sau npe hauv zos. Vim tias kev lag luam yuav tsum muaj kev lag luam. Lawv txawm tuav lub rooj sab laj txog qhov teeb meem no. Tab sis hais txog se nyob rau hauv seem tom ntej.

Kev thauj mus los

Feem ntau, nws yooj yim mus ncig Switzerland ob qho tib si los ntawm tsheb thiab tsheb thauj neeg pej xeem. Lub sij hawm mus txawv tebchaws feem ntau sib piv.

Tsheb ciav hlau thiab pej xeem thauj

Oddly txaus, rau xws li ib tug me me lub teb chaws xws li Switzerland (qhov chaw yog yuav luag 2 lub sij hawm me dua lub Tver cheeb tsam thiab piv rau Moscow cheeb tsam), lub railway thauj network tsuas yog colossally tsim. Cia peb ntxiv rau qhov no cov tsheb npav PostAuto, uas tsis tsuas yog ua rau nws tuaj yeem mus ncig ntawm cov zos nyob deb nroog, tab sis kuj xa cov ntawv xa tuaj. Yog li, koj tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm yuav luag txhua qhov chaw hauv lub tebchaws mus rau lwm qhov.

Cov tsheb ciav hlau Swiss yog cov tsheb ciav hlau coob tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ob-deckers

Txhawm rau npaj koj txoj kev, tsuas yog qhia qhov chaw tawm mus thiab qhov chaw nres tsheb hauv SBB daim ntawv thov. Ob peb xyoos dhau los nws tau hloov kho tshiab, kev ua haujlwm tau nthuav dav, thiab nws tau dhau los ua tus pabcuam zoo thaum mus ncig thoob tebchaws.

Ob peb lo lus hais txog keeb kwm ntawm SBBIb zaug dhau los, Switzerland muaj ntau lub tuam txhab ntiag tug uas tsim, ua haujlwm thiab tswj kev txav ntawm cov neeg caij tsheb thiab cov khoom ntawm cov nroog. Txawm li cas los xij, lub orgy ntawm capitalism (nyob rau hauv qee qhov chaw lawv tsis tuaj yeem pom zoo ntawm lawv tus kheej, hauv lwm tus lawv tau nce nqi se, thiab lwm yam) tau xaus rau thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua XNUMXth nrog kev tsim cov koom haum hauv lub xeev - SBB, uas sai heev. cawm "cov tswv lag luam zoo" los ntawm ntau yam teeb meem thiab mob taub hau, suav nrog txhua tus neeg tsav tsheb ciav hlau.

Niaj hnub no, cov seem ntawm cov qub "khoom kim heev" tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv ntau ntawm "subsidiary" cov tuam txhab uas koom nrog kev thauj mus los (MOB, BLS, thiab lwm yam) thiab txawm tias pleev xim rau cov tsheb ciav hlau sib txawv ntawm cov xim sib txawv. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tsuas yog cuam tshuam nrog kev thauj mus los hauv zos, thiab SBB tseem tswj hwm txhua yam thoob ntiaj teb.

Kuv xav tam sim ntawd kos ib qho piv txwv: SBB yog ib qho analogue ntawm Lavxias Lavxias Railways, tab sis qhov no tsis yog qhov tseeb. SBB yog "superbrain" tsim los tswj thiab tswj cov neeg nqa khoom hauv cheeb tsam, thaum Lavxias Railways muaj cov qauv nyuaj, uas cov tsheb ua haujlwm los ntawm qee tus, sib cuag los ntawm lwm tus, thiab taug qab los ntawm lwm tus. Li no, hauv kuv lub tswv yim, cov teeb meem ntawm peb txoj kev sib txuas lus railway.

Kev thauj mus los hauv Switzerland yog kim heev. Yog tias koj tsuas yuav daim pib los ntawm lub tshuab yam tsis muaj kev qhia tshwj xeeb, koj tuaj yeem xaus tsis muaj ris hauv qhov tseeb ntawm lo lus! Piv txwv li, daim pib los ntawm Lausanne mus rau Zurich yuav raug nqi ~ 75 francs nyob rau hauv chav kawm thib ob ib txoj kev rau 2 teev, yog li yuav luag tag nrho cov pej xeem ntawm Switzerland muaj daim pib caij nyoog (AG, hla cheeb tsam, demi-tariff, thiab lwm yam). Cov phooj ywg uas ua hauj lwm rau SBB hais tias tus naj npawb ntawm ntau hom ntawm daim pib nce mus txog ib txhiab! Nrog rau daim ntawv thov SBB, daim npav RFID universal tau qhia - Swisspass, uas tsis yog tsuas yog daim ntawv hluav taws xob ntawm daim npav mus ncig, tab sis koj tuaj yeem siv nws los txhiv daim pib ib txwm muaj lossis daim pib caij ski. Feem ntau, yooj yim heev!

Kev xav txog tus nqi ntawm daim pib lossis dab tsi demi-tariff tau ua nrog nwsIMHO, SBB ua rau tus tub rog txav mus los: suav cov nqi sib tw ntawm daim pib, ntxiv nws 10%, thiab tom qab ntawd muab faib los ntawm 2 kom tib neeg yuav daim npav demi-tariff rau 180 francs ib xyoos twg. Cia 1 lab ntawm cov ntawv no raug muag hauv ib xyoos (cov pej xeem ~ 8 lab), vim qee qhov kev mus los ntawm cheeb tsam hla, lwm tus los ntawm AG. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, peb muaj 180 lab francs tawm ntawm xiav.

Qhov xwm txheej no kuj tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm qhov tseeb tias xyoo 2017 SBB tau pib ua haujlwm 400 lab francs ntau dua li kev npaj, uas tau muab faib rau cov tswv ntawm ntau daim npav SBB nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov nyiaj tshwj xeeb, thiab kuj tau siv los txo tus nqi ntawm daim pib sab nraum cov sij hawm ncov.

Muaj ntau yam kev txo nqi rau cov tub ntxhais hluas, piv txwv li, Voie 7 lossis Gleis 7 - mus txog 25 xyoo (koj yuav tsum thov rov ua dua 1 hnub ua ntej koj hnub yug), koj tuaj yeem xaj daim npav no rau ~ 150-170 ntxiv rau ib nrab nqi daim npav (demi-tariff). Nws muab txoj cai rau koj taug kev ntawm txhua lub tsheb ciav hlau (tsheb npav, nkoj thiab pej xeem thauj tsis suav nrog) tom qab 7 teev tsaus ntuj (yog, 19-xoom-zero, Karl ib! 18-59 tsis suav!). Ib txoj hauv kev zoo rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv mus ncig thoob tebchaws.

Txawm li cas los xij, thaum tsab xov xwm tau sau, daim ntawv qhia no tswj kom rho tawm thiab qhia lwm tus, Seven25, uas nws cov nqi tau nce ntau heev.

Tsis tas li ntawd, SBB faib rau cov zej zog aka cov nroog thiab cov zos muaj npe hu ua hnub pib (carte journaliere). Txhua tus neeg nyob hauv ib lub zej zog tshwj xeeb muaj cai rau ob peb daim pib no thoob plaws lub xyoo. Tus nqi, qhov ntau thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm kev yuav khoom sib txawv rau txhua qhov kev sib tham thiab nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg tus neeg nyob.

DUP los ntawm Graphite : nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg tus neeg nyob hauv (muaj nyob rau hauv SBB lub vev xaib), thiab cov neeg nyob hauv lub zej zog lawv tus kheej txiav txim siab ntawm lub rooj sib tham dav dav seb puas yuav koom lossis tsis koom, thiab yog tias lawv koom, ces yuav muag daim pib npaum li cas rau lawv cov neeg nyob. .

Piv txwv ntawm carte journaliere thiab yuav ua li cas kom tauHauv kev sib tham ntawm Geneve (lub nroog loj) 20-30 daim pib yuav muaj nyob rau txhua hnub, tab sis lawv raug nqi 45 CHF, uas yog kim heev.

Hauv kev sib tham ntawm Préverenges (lub zos) yuav muaj 1-2 daim pib ib hnub, tab sis lawv yuav raug nqi 30-35 francs.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kev xav tau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rau kev yuav cov kev hloov pauv no los ntawm kev sib tham mus rau hauv zej zog: hauv qee qhov chaw tsuas yog daim ID txaus, tab sis nyob rau lwm qhov koj yuav tsum tau lees paub qhov tseeb ntawm qhov chaw nyob, piv txwv li, nqa daim nqi ntawm lub zog. tuam txhab lossis rau xov tooj.

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub
Belle époque tsheb ciav hlau ntawm Golden Pass kab ntawm Montreux thiab Lucerne

Thiab yog, nws tsim nyog hais tias txhua qhov SBB hla, nrog rau qhov tsis tshua muaj kev zam, npog kev thauj dej, uas muaj ntau ntawm txhua lub pas dej Swiss. Yog li, piv txwv li, tau ob peb xyoos tam sim no peb tau caij nkoj ncig Lake Geneva nrog cheese thiab cawv ntawm lub nkoj zoo nkauj Belle époque.

Nco tseg rau kev koom tes theorists (txog Huawei)Tau kawg, txhawm rau txheeb xyuas daim pib koj xav tau tus nyeem ntawv. Tus nyeem ntawv thoob ntiaj teb tshaj plaws - NFC hauv smartphone. Ob peb xyoos dhau los, tag nrho cov neeg tsav tsheb ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau nqa Samsung smartphones, lawv hais tias lawv qeeb qeeb qeeb thiab qee zaum tsuas yog khov, thiab rau "tus neeg tsav tsheb" nws zoo li tuag - tsis saib lub sijhawm, thiab tsis pab. cov uas xav tau kev hloov tsheb. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, peb hloov nws mus rau Huawei - txhua yam ua haujlwm zoo, tsis qeeb, yog tias koj paub kuv txhais li cas ...

Thiab txawm tias tsis muaj 5G networks ...

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub
Belle époque nkoj ntawm Montreux thiab Lausanne

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub
Qee lub nkoj tseem muaj lub tshuab ua pa hauv lawv!

Txawm hais tias SBB tab tom txhim kho ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg (cov txheej txheem tshiab, digitalization, suav nrog cov qhab nia - sai sai no yuav tsis muaj qhov qub flipping cov laug, lub tsheb ciav hlau ob-decker tshiab hauv Valais, thiab lwm yam), qhov pom kev tsis txaus ntseeg tseem nyob, thiab ultra -modern yuav zoo coexist nrog ultra-laus. Piv txwv li, cov tsheb ciav hlau tshwj xeeb rau cov kiv cua, kiv cua los ntawm 70s nrog "lub ntiajteb txawj nqus hom chav dej" (c). Txawm tias qee lub tsheb ciav hlau los ntawm Zurich mus rau Chur (IC3) zoo li qhov no, cia ib leeg lub tsheb ciav hlau mus rau Davos, qhov twg qee lub tsheb qub thiab qee qhov yog ultra-modern.

Tricks thiab lub neej hacks los ntawm SBB rau cov neeg nyeem nyeem

  1. Yog tias koj mus ncig hauv Switzerland hauv chav kawm thib ob thiab xav tau ua haujlwm, lossis tsuas muaj coob tus neeg thiab koj xav "ua pa," koj tsuas yog zaum hauv lub tsheb noj mov, xaj npias lossis kas fes rau 6 francs thiab txaus siab rau kev nplij siab. Hmoov tsis zoo, tsuas yog ntawm IC kab, thiab tsis yog txhua tus ntawm lawv. Qhov tseeb, ib feem ntawm tsab xov xwm no tau sau rau hauv cov khw noj mov zoo li no.
  2. SBB muaj qhov program Snow & Rail, thaum koj tuaj yeem yuav daim pib thiab daim npav caij ski ntawm tus nqi txo. Raws li txoj cai, kom txog thaum tsis ntev los no nws tau ua haujlwm nrog ntau daim npav mus ncig, piv txwv li, AG. Qhov tseeb, -10-15% ntawm tus nqi caij ski.
  3. Ntawm txoj kev GoldenPass (MOB) muaj peb hom tsheb thauj khoom: tsis tu ncua, panoramic thiab Belle époque. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los xaiv ob kawg lossis tsuas yog Belle époque.
  4. SBB app yog qhov yooj yim heev rau kev yuav daim pib. Qee lub sij hawm thaum lub sij hawm ncov ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb muaj ib kab ntawm lub tshuab pib, thiab muaj cov ntawv thov no yog ib qho kev pab loj. Los ntawm txoj kev, koj tuaj yeem yuav daim pib rau leej twg nrog koj mus.

Tsheb vs pej xeem thauj

Qhov no yog ib lo lus nug hlawv thiab tej zaum tsis muaj lus teb yooj yim rau nws. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm tus nqi, muaj ib lub tsheb yog me ntsis kim dua: 3 francs ib xyoo rau ib tug thib ob-chav kawm ntawv AG, thiab tsheb jams feem ntau tshwm sim (piv txwv li, nyob rau lub caij ntuj no txhua leej txhua tus mus nrog skis los ntawm Valais mus rau Lausanne thiab Geneva, tsheb jams stretch rau 500. -20 km) lossis qee qhov kev puas tsuaj, xws li hauv Zermatt lub caij ntuj no ntawm 30/2017 (vim yog avalanches, tsheb khiav tag rau ib lub lis piam).

Nrog lub tsheb: them rau kev tuav pov hwm (analogous rau OSAGO, CASCO, TUV kev tuav pov hwm, uas muab kev pab cuam, thiab lwm yam), pov ib co nyiaj ntawm cov roj av, ib qho me me tawg ua ib qho kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev siv nyiaj pov tseg.

Thiab yog, cov lus qhia rau cov neeg taug kev: thaum nkag mus hauv Switzerland, koj yuav tsum tau yuav ib lub npe vignette (~ 40 francs), uas muab txoj cai rau koj mus rau txoj kev loj hauv lub xyoo - ib hom kev them se. Yog tias koj nkag mus los ntawm txoj kev loj, ces npaj siab tias lawv yuav yuam kom koj yuav ib lub vignette ntawm qhov nkag. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj xauj tsheb hauv Fab Kis thiab txiav txim siab nres hauv Geneva rau hnub, nws yog qhov zoo dua los nrhiav txoj kev me dua hla ciam teb.

Txawm li cas los xij, kuv yuav hais txog peb pawg uas cov lus teb meej meej:

  • Cov tub ntxhais kawm thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm hnub nyoog qis dua 25 xyoos, uas rau ~ 350 francs muaj ob daim npav (demi-tariff thiab voie7) thiab tuaj yeem txav tau yooj yim ntawm cov nroog loj.
  • Tib neeg nyob thiab ua haujlwm hauv nroog loj. Ntawd yog, lawv tsis tas yuav mus thiab los ntawm kev ua haujlwm txhua hnub los ntawm qee lub zos nyob deb, qhov chaw tsheb npav mus rau ob peb zaug thaum sawv ntxov thiab ob peb zaug yav tsaus ntuj.
  • Yuav tsum muaj menyuam - tsawg kawg yog ib lub tsheb rau ib tsev neeg.

Ntawm qhov tod tes, kuv tus phooj ywg hauv Geneva tau txais lub tsheb vim tias mus ncig hauv nroog nruab nrab ntawm kev thauj pej xeem yog siv sijhawm, thiab nws yooj yim dua mus ua haujlwm hauv 15 feeb ntawm txoj kev nplhaib.

Thiab tsis ntev los no, muaj ntau thiab ntau tus neeg caij tsheb kauj vab, scooterists thiab bikers ntawm txoj kev. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias qhov chaw nres tsheb rau scooters / maus taus feem ntau yog dawb thiab muaj ntau ntawm lawv nyob ib ncig ntawm lub nroog.

Leisure thiab kev lom zem

Yuav ua li cas koj lom zem koj tus kheej nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug hectic, tab sis lub sij hawm dawb los ntawm kev ua hauj lwm? Dab tsi yog qhov xwm txheej nrog kev lom zem dav dav?

Cultural program: theaters, tsev cia puav pheej, concerts thiab xinesmas

Cia peb pib nrog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws - dialectics ntawm kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Switzerland. Ntawm ib sab, lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub cev ntawm cov teb chaws Europe ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm txoj kev los ntawm ltalis mus rau lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab los ntawm Fabkis mus rau Austria, uas yog, artists ntawm tag nrho cov kab txaij thiab haiv neeg tuaj yeem nres los ntawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, Swiss yog hnyav: 50-100 francs rau daim pib mus rau ib qho kev tshwm sim yog tus qauv nqi, zoo li mus rau tom tsev noj mov. Ntawm qhov tod tes, kev lag luam nws tus kheej me me - tsuas yog 8 lab tus neeg nyob hauv (~ 2-3 lab tus neeg siv khoom muaj peev xwm). Yog li ntawd, feem ntau muaj ntau yam kev coj noj coj ua, tab sis feem ntau muaj 1-2 concerts lossis ua yeeb yam hauv nroog loj (Geneva, Bern, Zurich, Basel) thoob plaws hauv Switzerland.

Nws ua raws li Swiss nyiam lawv "crafts", xws li kev hais kwv txhiaj rau cov tub ntxhais kawm Balelec, tuav ntawm EPFL, lossis txhua yam kev ua koob tsheej (caij nplooj ntoos hlav Success, St. Patrick's Day, thiab lwm yam), nyob rau hauv uas lub zos amateur ua yeeb yam (qee zaum txawm virtuoso) koom.

Hmoov tsis zoo, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv zos xws li kev ua yeeb yam, piv txwv li, yog qhov tshwj xeeb thiab cov khoom zoo - rau cov neeg nyiam ua haujlwm thiab cov kws paub lus.

Qee lub sij hawm muaj cov xwm txheej nrog Swiss tshwj xeeb, xws li lub cev suab paj nruag hauv Lausanne Cathedral nrog ntau txhiab taws tswm ciab. Ib qho kev tshwm sim ntawm hom no yog dawb, lossis daim pib nkag nqi txog 10-15 francs.

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub
3700 tswm ciab, txawm li cas los xij. Tau qhov twg los

Txij li thaum Swiss kab lis kev cai yog kab lis kev cai ntawm cov neeg ua liaj ua teb (cov neeg ua liaj ua teb, cov neeg yug yaj) thiab ntau tus kws txawj ua haujlwm, cov xwm txheej no tsim nyog. Piv txwv li, qhovntsej thiaj tsis mob thiab nce siab ntawm cov nyuj mus rau hauv lub roob, qhov tsua ouvertes (hnub qhib cellars ntawm winemakers) los yog ib tug grandiose winemaking Success - Fête des Vignerons (qhov kawg yog qhov chaw nyob rau thaum ntxov 90s, thiab tam sim no yuav nyob rau hauv Lub Xya hli ntuj 2019).

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub
Lub caij nplooj zeeg qhovntsej thiaj tsis mob ntawm nyuj los ntawm roob hauv lub canton ntawm Neuchatel

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub
Qee zaum cov xwm txheej zoo li no xaus rau hmo ntuj

Muaj cov tsev khaws puav pheej, tab sis lawv qhov zoo dua tawm ntau yam uas xav tau. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem taug kev ncig lub tsev khaws khoom menyuam roj hmab hauv Basel hauv ob peb teev, thiab daim pib nqi txog 10 francs.

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub
Chav kawm ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas alchemists ntawm Puppet Tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Basel

Thiab yog tias koj xav mus rau Ryumin Palace thiab mus xyuas lub tsev khaws puav pheej mineralogical thiab zoological, lub tsev khaws nyiaj txiag, lub tsev khaws puav pheej keeb kwm cantonal, thiab tseem qhuas lub tsev khaws puav pheej kos duab, ces koj yuav tau them 35 francs. DUP los ntawm Virtu-Ghazi: ib hlis ib zaug koj tuaj yeem mus xyuas ntau lub tsev cia puav pheej dawb (tsawg kawg hauv Lausanne).

Tsis tas li ntawd, lub tsev muaj lub tsev qiv ntawv ntawm University of Lausanne, yog li koj tuaj yeem xav txog yam "Hermitage" tos koj. Yog li ntawd, yog hais tias nws yog ib lub tsev khaws puav pheej nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev fuabtais, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tos rau tapestries ntawm lub xyoo pua 14th; yog hais tias nws yog ib lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm cov nyiaj npib, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tos rau lub sau ntawm lub Armory Chamber los yog pob zeb diamond Fund, nws yog zoo dua mus rau lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm cov nyiaj npib. tsom mus rau theem ntawm ib lub tsev cia puav pheej hauv zos.

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub
Ryumin Palace ntawm qhov chaw Ripon hauv Lausanne. Tau qhov twg los

Yog lawm, Lausanne tau raug hu ua Olympic peev, IOC, ntau lub koom haum thoob ntiaj teb thiab lwm yam nyob ntawm no, thiab raws li, muaj ib lub tsev khaws puav pheej Olympic uas koj tuaj yeem pom yuav ua li cas, piv txwv li, lub teeb hluav taws xob tau hloov mus rau ib puas xyoo dhau los lossis xav tias. nostalgic rau Mishka-80.

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub
Ntiaj teb Olympics hauv Lausanne

Luv luv txog zaj duab xis. Nws yog qhov zoo uas cov yeeb yaj kiab feem ntau pom nrog thawj dubbing thiab subtitles hauv ib hom lus ntawm Switzerland.

Lavxias teb sab zej zog thiab cov xwm txheej

Los ntawm txoj kev, tsis ntev los no lawv tau pib thauj cov neeg ua yeeb yam Lavxias thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab Lavxias teb sab (thaum ib zaug lawv coj Leviathan thiab Fool nrog Lavxias dubbing). Yog tias kuv lub cim xeeb ua haujlwm rau kuv raug, ces Lavxias teb sab ballet raug coj mus rau Geneva.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov zej zog Lavxias loj heev feem ntau npaj nws cov xwm txheej: cov no suav nrog kev ua si ntawm "Dab tsi? Qhov twg? Thaum twg?”, Mafia, thiab cov chav qhia lus (piv txwv li, Lemanika), thiab cov xwm txheej xws li "Immortal Regiment", tsim los ntawm cov neeg tuaj yeem pab dawb nrog kev txhawb nqa ntawm lub tuam tsev tuav pov hwm, "Tag nrho Dictation" thiab "Soladsky Halt" los ntawm Hmo ntuj Russia.

Ntxiv rau, muaj ntau pawg ntawm FB thiab VK (qee zaum nrog cov neeg tuaj saib txog li 10 tus neeg), nyob rau hauv uas lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm tus kheej lub koom haum siv: yog tias koj xav ntsib, sib tshuam, npaj ib qho kev tshwm sim, koj teem ib hnub. thiab lub sijhawm. Leej twg xav tau tuaj. Feem ntau, rau txhua tus saj thiab xim.

Kev lom zem sab nraum zoov raws caij nyoog

Zoo, tam sim no peb pom dab tsi koj tuaj yeem ua kom lom zem koj tus kheej raws caij nyoog hauv Switzerland dua li kev coj noj coj ua.

Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo yog lub caij ntuj no. Raws li kuv tau hais los saum toj no, Switzerland muaj npe nrov rau nws qhov chaw caij ski, uas muaj ntau yam tawg mus thoob plaws hauv Alps. Muaj ntau qhov chaw me me ntawm 20-30 km, uas yog sib npaug rau ib lossis ob lub nqa, thiab muaj cov loj heev ntawm ntau pua mais nrog kaum ob lub nqa, xws li 4 lub hav (suav nrog cov neeg nyiam. Verbier), Saas Valley (cov nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv yog Saas-Fee), Arosa los yog ib co Zermatt.

Feem ntau cov chaw caij ski qhib thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis, pib lub Ib Hlis, nyob ntawm seb cov daus uas tau poob, yog li yuav luag txhua lub lis piam txij lub Ib Hlis mus txog rau lub Ob Hlis yog mob siab rau alpine caij ski, khau daus, thiab cheesecake skiing (aka tubing) thiab lwm yam roob thiab lub caij ntuj no zoo siab.

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub
Villars-sur-Gryon tsuas yog tom qab ob hnub snowfall

Los ntawm txoj kev, tsis muaj leej twg tau tso tseg tsis tu ncua kev caij ski hla tebchaws (yuav muaj kev taug kev dawb lossis yuav luag dawb hauv yuav luag txhua lub zos roob), nrog rau cov dej khov nab kuab (qee lub roob, thiab qee qhov hauv cov dej khov hauv lub nroog lawv tus kheej) .

Cov nqi rau ib hnub ntawm kev caij ski ntau ntawm 30 (cov chaw me me lossis nyuaj-mus txog) mus txog yuav luag ib puas francs (98 kom meej meej rau Zermatt nrog rau kev txav mus rau Ltalis). Txawm li cas los xij, koj tuaj yeem txuag tau ntau yog tias koj yuav daim ntawv hla tebchaws ua ntej - ob lossis peb lub hlis ua ntej, lossis txawm rau lub hlis ua ntej. Ib yam li nrog cov tsev so (yog tias txoj kev npaj yuav nyob hauv ib lub hav rau ob peb hnub), uas feem ntau yuav tsum tau booked ob peb lub hlis ua ntej.

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub
Saib ntawm Saas Nqi los ntawm Saas Grund

Raws li kev xauj khoom, cov txheej txheem: rau alpine skiing - feem ntau 50-70 francs ib hnub twg, hla teb chaws - txog 20-30. Uas nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej tsis yog li pheej yig, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov neeg nyob ze Fabkis ib tug txheej ntawm ski khoom nqi txog 25-30 euros (~ 40 francs). Yog li, ib hnub ntawm kev caij ski, suav nrog kev mus ncig thiab zaub mov, tuaj yeem raug nqi 100-150 francs. Yog li ntawd, tau sim nws tawm, skiers lossis boarders xauj khoom rau lub caij (200-300 francs) lossis yuav lawv tus kheej (kwv yees li 1000 francs).

Caij nplooj ntoos hlav yog lub sijhawm tsis paub tseeb. Ntawm qhov tod tes, twb nyob rau lub Peb Hlis nyob rau hauv roob, alpine skiing hloov mus rau hauv dej skiing, nws kub dhau lawm, thiab skiing tsis lom zem. Nws lom zem haus npias hauv qab tsob ntoo xibtes - yog.

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub

Nyob rau lub Plaub Hlis muaj ib qho zoo kawg nkaus Easter (4 hnub so), uas muaj coob tus neeg siv mus ncig rau qhov chaw. Feem ntau thaum kawg ntawm lub Plaub Hlis nws ua kom sov so uas thawj marathons tau tuav. DUP los ntawm Stiver : rau cov uas nyiam noj koj cov xwm txheej.

Yog lawm, yog tias koj xav tias 10 lossis 20 km tsis muaj dab tsi, tus ntsuj plig yuav tsum muaj, ces koj tuaj yeem sim Glacier 3000 khiav. Thaum lub sij hawm kev sib tw no, koj tsis tsuas yog yuav tsum npog qhov deb ntawm 26 km, tab sis kuj nce 3000 meters saum toj no hiav txwv theem. Hauv 2018, cov ntaub ntawv rau cov poj niam yog 2 teev 46 feeb, rau cov txiv neej - 2 teev 26 feeb.

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub
Peb khiav qee zaum Lozansky 10 km

Thaum lub Tsib Hlis, lub qhov tsua hu ua ouvertes lossis hnub qhib cellars pib, thaum, tau them 10-15-20 francs rau lub khob zoo nkauj, koj tuaj yeem taug kev ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom wine (uas khaws cia rau hauv tib "qhov tsua") thiab saj. nws. Thaj chaw nto moo tshaj plaws yog Lavaux vineyardsuas yog nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv ntawm UNESCO. Los ntawm txoj kev, qee qhov distilleries nyob ntawm qhov chaw sib hwm, yog li koj tuaj yeem taug kev zoo ntawm lawv.

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub
Cov qub Lavaux vineyards

Hauv Ticino (tsuas yog Italian canton), lawv txawm hais kev caij tsheb kauj vab muaj. Kuv tsis paub txog lub tsheb kauj vab, tab sis thaum kawg ntawm hnub nws nyuaj rau sawv ntawm koj txhais taw.

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub

Thaum lub sij hawm tastings, koj tuaj yeem yuav cawv rau kev siv yav tom ntej los ntawm kev tso ib qho kev txiav txim tsim nyog rau ntawm qhov chaw nrog tus winemaker.

Cov yeeb yaj kiab yog nruj me ntsis 18+, thiab hauv qee lub tebchaws txawm tias 21+


Koj tuaj yeem pib hiking thaum lub Tsib Hlis aka roob hikes, tab sis feem ntau tsis siab tshaj 1000-1500 meters. Txhua txoj kev taug kev nrog kev nce siab hloov pauv, kwv yees lub sijhawm taug kev, nyuaj, lub sijhawm thauj pej xeem tuaj yeem pom ntawm lub vev xaib tshwj xeeb - Swiss Mobility. Piv txwv li, nyob ze Montreux muaj qhov zoo heev txoj kev, uas Leo Tolstoy hlub, thiab uas daffodils Bloom.

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub
Dawb daffodils blooming nyob rau hauv lub roob yog ib tug stunning pom!

Lub caij ntuj sov: taug kev-hike-hike thiab qee lub pas dej lom zem. Txhua lub caij ntuj sov muaj kev taug kev hauv roob ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntev, qhov nyuaj thiab qhov siab hloov pauv. Nws yuav luag zoo li kev xav: koj tuaj yeem taug kev ntev ntev raws txoj kev nqaim roob thiab hauv qhov ntsiag to ntawm lub roob. Kev ua si lub cev, kev tshaib kev nqhis oxygen, kev ntxhov siab, ua ke nrog kev pom los saum ntuj yog lub sijhawm zoo los rov pib lub hlwb.

Kev hloov ntawm Zermatt mus rau ib nrab-kilometer ncua kev kawm choj

Los ntawm txoj kev, tsis txhob xav tias hiking yog ib qho nyuaj heev ascent thiab qhovntsej thiaj tsis mob; qee zaum txoj kev khiav los ntawm cov pas dej uas koj tuaj yeem ua luam dej.

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub
Lake. 2000 meters saum toj no hiav txwv theem. Nruab nrab Lub Xya Hli.

Txij li cov neeg hais lus Lavxias muaj kev hwm tshwj xeeb rau shish kebab-mashlyk, txog ib hlis ib zaug ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv peb npaj ib hnub ntawm cov protein thiab rog. Zoo, thaum lwm tus coj lub guitar, hmo ntuj tsis tuaj yeem zam.

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nco ntsoov ob yam ntawm no: ntawm ib sab, lub nroog npaj cov ntim ntawm ib sab ntawm qhov barbecue clearing, ntawm qhov tod tes, cov tub ceev xwm hauv nroog lawv tus kheej nruab thiab muab cov chaw zoo li no. Ua piv txwv, polygrill hauv EPFL nws tus kheej.

Ob qhov kev lom zem rau lub caij ntuj sov ntau dua yog lub nkoj / txaj rafting ntawm "roob" dej (qhov nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm Thun mus rau Bern), nrog rau lub caij ntuj sov caij nkoj ntawm ntau lub pas dej hauv Switzerland.

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub
Nrog lub roob dej ntawm qhov ceev ntawm 10-15 km ib teev koj tuaj yeem caij nkoj ntawm Thun mus rau Bern hauv 4 teev.

Nyob rau thawj lub Yim Hli, Switzerland ua kev zoo siab rau kev tsim lub xeev nrog ntau cov foob pob hluav taws thiab hluav taws kub nyob ib ncig ntawm lub pas dej. Nyob rau lub asthiv thib ob ntawm Lub Yim Hli, Genevan moneybags txhawb nqa Grand Feu de Geneve, thaum lub sijhawm ntau txhiab tus foob pob hluav taws tawg rau 1 teev mus rau lub suab paj nruag.

Full 4K video los ntawm xyoo tas los

Autumn yog lub caij ntuj sov ntawm lub caij ntuj sov thiab lub caij ntuj no. Lub caij tsis nkag siab tshaj plaws hauv Switzerland, vim nws zoo li koj twb xav caij ski tom qab lub caij ntuj sov kub, tab sis yuav tsis muaj daus kom txog rau thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis.
Lub Cuaj Hli tseem yog lub caij ntuj sov me ntsis. Koj tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv qhov kev pab cuam lub caij ntuj sov thiab koom nrog marathons. Tab sis twb nyob rau hauv nruab nrab Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj huab cua pib deteriorate mus rau xws li ib tug raws li nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau npaj ib yam dab tsi. Thiab nyob rau lub Kaum Ib Hlis lub caij thib ob ntawm qhib cellars pib, uas yog, haus dej tawm ntawm lub caij ntuj sov.

Cov zaub mov tsoos thiab cov tais diav thoob ntiaj teb

Nws tseem tsim nyog hais ob peb lo lus hais txog cov zaub mov hauv zos thiab zaub mov. Yog cov khw muag khoom tau piav qhia hauv qhov 2, ntawm no kuv xav piav qhia txog lub zos cuisine nyob rau hauv ib tug nutshell.

Feem ntau, cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab cua, yog tias koj tsis yuav qhov pheej yig tshaj hauv Dener. Txawm li cas los xij, zoo li txhua tus neeg Lavxias, kuv nco cov khoom lag luam Lavxias - buckwheat, ib txwm dov oats (ib lub tsev teev ntuj, ntxhib, vim txhua yam yog tsim los rau brewed nrog boiling dej ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws), tsev cheese (xws li DIY, los yog koj yuav tsum tau npaj ib tug boil. sib tov ntawm tsev cheese thiab Serac los ntawm Migros), marshmallows thiab hais txog

Zaj dab neeg ntawm ib tug buckwheatThaum ib tug txiv neej Swiss, pom tias ib tug ntxhais Lavxias teb sab noj buckwheat, hais tias nws xav tsis thoob, thiab feem ntau lawv pub nws nees nrog buckwheat, tsis yog tus ntxhais. Feem ntau ntsuab. Oga, tus rickety Swiss ...

Tsoos Swiss tais diavaka Alpine) cuisine yog rau qee qhov laj thawj raws li cheese thiab cov khoom noj hauv zos (cov hnyuv ntxwm, qos yaj ywm thiab lwm yam zaub) - fondue, raclette thiab rösti.

Fondue yog lub lauj kaub ntawm melted cheese rau hauv uas koj dunk txhua yam uas tsis tas.

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub

Raclette yog cheese uas yaj hauv txheej. nyuam qhuav dhau los sau txog nws.

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub
Cov kev pabcuam pub dawb hauv raclette ua los ntawm haiv neeg Swiss thaum lub caij ntuj sov Olympic ua si hauv peb chav kuaj. Lub yim hli ntuj 2016.

Rösti yog ib lub tais ntawm "kev tsis sib haum xeeb" ntawm German thiab Fabkis qhov chaw ntawm Switzerland, muab nws lub npe rau ciam teb tsis raws cai ntawm ob feem ntawm lub teb chaws - twb tau hais. Röstigraben.

Txwv tsis pub, cov zaub mov tsis txawv ntau ntawm nws cov neeg nyob ze: burgers, pizza, pasta, sausages, grilled nqaij - cov khoom thiab cov khoom los ntawm thoob plaws teb chaws Europe. Tab sis dab tsi yog qhov nthuav thiab lom zem tshaj plaws - Kuv tsis paub yog vim li cas - Cov khw noj mov Esxias (Suav, Nyiv thiab Thaib) yog qhov nrov heev hauv Switzerland.

Cov npe zais cia ntawm cov khw noj mov zoo tshaj plaws hauv Lausanne (yog tias nws los ua ke rau ib tus neeg)Nqaij nyuj
Wok Royal
Noj kuv
La crêperie la chandeleur
Peb tus vajntxwv
Chez xu
Bleu lézard
Le cinq
Elephant blanc
Buble tshuaj yej
Cafe du grancy
Movenpic
Aribang
Ib ban
Grape d'or
Zooburger
Tau taco
Chalet suav
Pinte bessoin

Kev txwv tsis pub dhau ntawm "Soviet" cov tub rog hauv Swiss Confederation

Thiab, thaum kawg, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau piav qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb uas ib txoj hauv kev los yog lwm qhov yuav tau ntsib nyob rau hauv roob-meadow nthuav dav ntawm Swiss Confederation.

Ib qho ntxiv, tau kawg, tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog kev coj noj coj ua thiab kev sib txawv ntawm lub tebchaws no: Tatars, Kazakhs, Caucasians, Ukrainians, Belarusians thiab Balts - muaj ntau ntawm lawv tag nrho los ntawm thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Yog li ntawd, hnub so ntawm borscht, dumplings los yog pilaf tiag tiag nrog Georgian cawv yog ntau haiv neeg.

Cia peb teev cov pab pawg tseem ceeb (hauv kev ua siab tawv, yog li hais) ntawm cov tub rog tsis muaj zog ntawm cov tub rog Soviet (95% tau yug los hauv lub tebchaws no) hauv Swiss Confederation hauv kev txiav txim siab ntawm tus lej. Ntawm kuv cov phooj ywg muaj yuav luag tag nrho cov pab pawg hauv qab no.

Ua ntej, feem coob ntawm cov pej xeem hauv Is Taws Nem nquag koom nrog pawg "yazhmothers". Cov poj niam uas tsiv mus rau Switzerland, tau sib yuav ib tug pej xeem Swiss, nquag sib tham txog lawv cov "cov me nyuam" cov teeb meem, qhia qhov twg yuav nrhiav tau ib tug cosmetologist thiab pleev artist, thiab tseem cuam tshuam rau cov lus nug "Vim li cas ib tug neeg Lavxias teb sab zoo / phem tshaj ib tug Swiss. txiv neej?” Tseem muaj cov poj niam ua haujlwm uas khiav tag nrho cov pab pawg hauv FB thiab VK. Lawv nyob hauv cov pab pawg no thiab cov rooj sab laj, ua phooj ywg, ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab sib ntaus sib tua. Hmoov tsis zoo, yog tsis muaj lawv, cov pab pawg no yuav tsis muaj nyob rau txhua qhov, thiab yuav tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus tsim nyog los nyiam cov tswv cuab tshiab. Tsis muaj dab tsi tus kheej - tsuas yog nqe lus ntawm qhov tseeb.

Thib ob, cov tub ntxhais kawm, cov tub ntxhais kawm tiav thiab lwm tus neeg tau tsiv mus nyob ib ntus rau thaj chaw Swiss. Lawv tuaj kawm, qee zaum lawv nyob ua haujlwm hauv lawv qhov tshwj xeeb, yog tias lawv muaj hmoo (saib. ntu 3 hais txog kev ua haujlwm). Cov tub ntxhais kawm muaj cov tub ntxhais kawm cov tog neeg thiab cov xwm txheej, uas feem ntau tuaj koom los ntawm cov neeg thoob ntiaj teb los ntawm thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb. Nws zoo nkaus li kuv tias qhov no yog pab pawg zoo siab tshaj plaws, vim tias lawv muaj lub sijhawm thiab sijhawm tsis yog ua haujlwm xwb, tab sis kuj muaj kev so zoo. Tab sis nws tsis yog raws nraim!

Thib peb, expats uas tuaj rau lub teb chaws raws li accomplished specialists. Lawv feem ntau pom tsis muaj dab tsi tab sis ua hauj lwm, tsis khoom nrog lawv cov hauj lwm thiab tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim ntawm cov xwm txheej. Hmoov tsis zoo, lawv tus lej ploj mus tsawg dua piv rau ob pawg dhau los.

Plaub, cov neeg nrhiav kev nyob mus ib txhis ntawm lub neej zoo dua uas muaj peev xwm tsim tau ib txoj haujlwm nrhiav haujlwm nrog ntau qhov yuam kev grammatical thiab tos ib tus neeg ua haujlwm rau lawv. Cia kuv ceeb toom rau koj ib zaug ntxiv: cov Swiss yog ib tug me ntsis nationalism nyob rau hauv qhov teeb meem no, sab xis thiab sab laug, lawv tsis muab daim ntawv tso cai ua hauj lwm rau sawv daws.

Thib tsib, tshiab thiab tsis heev Russian, aka "oligarchs" uas muaj lub tshav dav hlau tshwj xeeb hauv Switzerland.

Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau kev sib sau ua ke ntau haiv neeg, tab sis rau cov hnub so thiab cov xwm txheej nthuav dav rau peb txhua tus - Hnub Yeej, Xyoo Tshiab lossis barbecue-mashlyk ntawm lub pas dej - txog li 50-60 tus neeg tuaj yeem ua tau.

Kev saib sab hauv: kev kawm tiav qib siab ntawm EPFL. Ntu 4.1: Lub Neej Txhua Hnub
Mus ntsib cov mines uas lub rooj ntsev yog mined hauv lub nroog Bex

Yuav tsum tau txuas ntxiv txog sab nyiaj txiag ntawm qhov teeb meem ...

PS: Rau kev ua pov thawj cov ntaub ntawv, cov lus muaj txiaj ntsig thiab kev sib tham, kuv txoj kev ris txiaj thiab kev ris txiaj rau Anna, Albert (qbertyh ib), Yura thiab Sasha.

PPS: Ib feeb ntawm kev tshaj tawm. Nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog qhov tseeb fashion tiam sis, kuv xav hais tias Moscow State University tab tom qhib ib lub tsev kawm ntawv mus tas li rau lub xyoo no (thiab tau qhia rau 2 xyoo lawm!) ntawm ib lub tsev kawm ntawv sib koom nrog Beijing Polytechnic University hauv Shenzhen. Muaj lub sijhawm los kawm Suav, nrog rau tau txais 2 daim ntawv kawm tiav ib zaug (IT tshwj xeeb los ntawm Moscow State University Computing thiab Mathematics Complex muaj). Koj tuaj yeem paub ntau ntxiv txog lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab, cov lus qhia thiab lub sijhawm rau cov tub ntxhais kawm S, SѓS,.

Yees duab kom meej meej txog kev chaos tsis tu ncua:

Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com