{"id":100138,"date":"2021-05-11T16:22:58","date_gmt":"2021-05-11T14:22:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/microsoft-podgotovil-realizacziyu-ebpf-dlya-windows"},"modified":"2021-05-11T16:22:58","modified_gmt":"2021-05-11T14:22:59","slug":"microsoft-podgotovil-realizacziyu-ebpf-dlya-windows","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/blog\/news\/microsoft-podgotovil-realizacziyu-ebpf-dlya-windows","title":{"rendered":"Microsoft je pripremio implementaciju eBPF za Windows","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Tvrtka Microsoft objavila je implementaciju eBPF podsustava za Windows, koja omogu\u0107uje pokretanje proizvoljnih obrtnika koji djeluju na razini jezgre operativnog sustava. eBPF pru\u017ea ugra\u0111eni interpretator bajtkoda u jezgru, \u0161to omogu\u0107uje stvaranje optere\u0107enja iz korisni\u010dkog prostora za mre\u017ene operacije, kontrolu pristupa i pra\u0107enje rada sustava. eBPF je uklju\u010den u jezgru Linuxa od izdanja 3.18 i omogu\u0107uje obradu dolaznih\/odlaznih mre\u017enih paketa, preusmjeravanje paketa, upravljanje propusno\u0161\u0107u, presretanje sistemskih poziva, kontrolu pristupa i provo\u0111enje pra\u0107enja. Zahvaljuju\u0107i kori\u0161tenju JIT-kompilacije, bajtkod se u hodu transkriptira u strojne instrukcije i izvr\u0161ava s performansama kompajliranog koda. Izvorni kod eBPF-a za Windows otvoren je pod MIT licencom. <\/p>\n

eBPF za Windows mo\u017ee se koristiti s ve\u0107 postoje\u0107im alatima za rad s eBPF-om i pru\u017ea standardni API, koji se koristi za eBPF aplikacije u Linuxu. Projekt tako\u0111er omogu\u0107uje kompaktiranje koda napisanog u jeziku C u eBPF bajtkod pomo\u0107u ugra\u0111enog eBPF kompajlera temeljenog na Clang-u i pokretanje ve\u0107 stvorenih eBPF obrtnika iz Linux-a na jezgru Windowsa, pru\u017eaju\u0107i posebni sloj kompatibilnosti i podr\u017eavaju\u0107i standardni Libbpf API za kompatibilnost s aplikacijama koje komuniciraju s programima eBPF. Tako\u0111er su ponu\u0111eni slojevi koji pru\u017eaju sli\u010dne Linux hook-ove za XDP (eXpress Data Path) i socket bind, apstrahiraju\u0107i pristup mre\u017enom steku i mre\u017enim drajverima u Windowsima. Od planova se isti\u010de pru\u017eanje potpunog uskla\u0111ivanja na razini izvornog koda s tipi\u010dnim eBPF obrtnicima Linuxa.

\"Microsoft<\/center> <\/p>\n

Klju\u010dna razlika implementacije eBPF-a za Windows je kori\u0161tenje alternativnog verifikatora bajtkoda, koji su prvotno predlo\u017eili zaposlenici kompanije VMware i istra\u017eiva\u010di iz kanadskih i izraelskih sveu\u010dili\u0161ta. Verifikator se pokre\u0107e u zasebnom izoliranom procesu u korisni\u010dkom prostoru i koristi se prije izvr\u0161avanja BPF programa s ciljem otkrivanja gre\u0161aka i blokiranja mogu\u0107ih zlonamjernih aktivnosti. <\/p>\n

Za provjeru u eBPF-u za Windows koristi se metoda stati\u010dke analize temeljena na apstraktnoj interpretaciji (Abstract Interpretation), koja u usporedbi s verifikatorom eBPF-a za Linux pokazuje ni\u017eu razinu la\u017enih uzbuna, podr\u017eava analizu petlji i osigurava dobru skalabilnost. Metoda uzima u obzir brojne tipi\u010dne obrasce izvr\u0161enja, dobivene na temelju analize postoje\u0107ih eBPF programa. <\/p>\n

Nakon verifikacije, bajtkod se prenosi u interpreter koji radi na razini jezgre, ili prolazi kroz JIT-kompajler, a zatim se izvr\u0161ava rezultantni strojni kod s pravima jezgre. Za izolaciju eBPF obra\u0111iva\u010da na razini jezgre koristi se HVCI mehanizam (HyperVisor-enforced Code Integrity), koji primjenjuje sredstva virtualizacije za za\u0161titu procesa u jezgri i osigurava potvrdu cjelovitosti izvr\u0161avanog koda putem digitalnog potpisa. Ograni\u010denje HVCI-ja je mogu\u0107nost verifikacije samo interpretiranih eBPF programa i nemogu\u0107nost kori\u0161tenja zajedno s JIT-om (nudi se izbor \u2014 ili performanse, ili dodatna za\u0161tita).
\n
Izvor: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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\u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 3.18 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0435\/\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0435 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