{"id":102274,"date":"2021-11-12T21:36:38","date_gmt":"2021-11-12T19:36:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-nebula-1-5-sistemy-dlya-sozdaniya-overlejnyh-p2p-setej"},"modified":"2021-11-12T21:36:38","modified_gmt":"2021-11-12T19:36:38","slug":"vypusk-nebula-1-5-sistemy-dlya-sozdaniya-overlejnyh-p2p-setej","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/blog\/news\/vypusk-nebula-1-5-sistemy-dlya-sozdaniya-overlejnyh-p2p-setej","title":{"rendered":"Izdanje Nebula 1.5, sustava za stvaranje overlay P2P mre\u017ea","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Dostupan je izlaz projekta Nebula 1.5, koji nudi alate za izgradnju za\u0161ti\u0107enih preklopnih mre\u017ea. Mre\u017ea mo\u017ee povezivati od nekoliko do desetaka tisu\u0107a teritorijalno razdvojenih hostova, smje\u0161tenih kod razli\u010ditih pru\u017eatelja, stvaraju\u0107i odvojenu izoliranu mre\u017eu preko globalne mre\u017ee. Projekt je napisan na jeziku Go i distribuira se pod MIT licencom. Projekt je osnovala tvrtka Slack, koja razvija istoimeni korporativni messenger. Podr\u017eana je upotreba na Linuxu, FreeBSD-u, macOS-u, Windows-u, iOS-u i Android-u.    <\/p>\n<p>\u010cvorovi u mre\u017ei Nebula me\u0111usobno se povezuju direktno u P2P re\u017eimu \u2014 prema potrebi za prijenosom podataka izme\u0111u \u010dvorova dinami\u010dki se uspostavljaju izravne <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/vpn\/\"   title=\"VPN\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"186\">VPN<\/a>-veze. Identitet svakog hosta u mre\u017ei potvr\u0111uje digitalni certifikat, a povezivanje s mre\u017eom zahtijeva autentifikaciju \u2014 svaki korisnik dobiva certifikat koji potvr\u0111uje IP adresu u mre\u017ei Nebula, ime i \u010dlanstvo u grupama hostova. Certifikati se potpisuju unutarnjim certifikacijskim centrom kojeg pokre\u0107e osniva\u010d mre\u017ee na vlastitoj infrastrukturi, a koji se koristi za ovjeru ovlasti hostova koji imaju pravo pristupa overlay mre\u017ei.        <\/p>\n<p>Za uspostavljanje autentificiranog sigurnog komunikacijskog kanala u Nebuli koristi se vlastiti tunelni protokol temeljen na protokolu razmjene klju\u010deva Diffie-Hellman i AES-256-GCM \u0161ifriranju. Implementacija protokola temelji se na gotovim i provjerenim primitivima koje pru\u017ea Noise framework, koji se tako\u0111er koristi u projektima kao \u0161to su WireGuard, Lightning i I2P. Navodi se da je projekt pro\u0161ao neovisni sigurnosni audit.      <\/p>\n<p>Za otkrivanje drugih \u010dvorova i koordinaciju povezivanja u mre\u017eu, stvaraju se posebni \u010dvorovi &#171;lighthouse&#187;, \u010dije su globalne IP adrese fiksne i poznate sudionicima mre\u017ee. Sudionici mre\u017ee nemaju vezu s vanjskim <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/lir\/ipv4\/\"   title=\"IP-adresu\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"606\">IP-adresu<\/a>, identificiraju se putem certifikata. Vlasnici hostova ne mogu sami izmijeniti potpisane certifikate i, za razliku od tradicionalnih IP mre\u017ea, ne mogu se pretvarati da su drugi host jednostavnom promjenom IP adrese. Prilikom stvaranja tunela, identitet hosta potvr\u0111uje se individualnim privatnim klju\u010dem.    <\/p>\n<p>Stvorenoj mre\u017ei dodjeljuje se odre\u0111eni raspon intranet adresa (na primjer, 192.168.10.0\/24) i vr\u0161i se povezivanje unutarnjih adresa s certifikatima hostova. Iz sudionika preklopne mre\u017ee mogu se formirati grupe, na primjer, za razdvajanje poslu\u017eitelja i radnih stanica, za koje se primjenjuju posebna pravila filtriranja prometa. Dostupni su razli\u010diti mehanizmi za zaobila\u017eenje prevoditelja adresa (NAT) i vatrozida. Mogu\u0107e je organizirati usmjeravanje prometa tre\u0107ih hostova koji nisu u mre\u017ei Nebula (unsafe route).    <\/p>\n<p>Podr\u017eano je stvaranje vatrozida za razdvajanje pristupa i filtriranje prometa izme\u0111u \u010dvorova u preklopnoj mre\u017ei Nebula. Za filtriranje se koriste ACL s vezivanjem oznaka. Svaki host u mre\u017ei mo\u017ee odrediti vlastita pravila filtriranja prema hostovima, grupama, protokolima i mre\u017enim portovima. Pri tome se hostovi filtriraju ne prema IP adresama, ve\u0107 prema ovjerenim identifikatorima hostova sa digitalnim potpisom, koje nije mogu\u0107e falsificirati bez kompromitacije koordiniraju\u0107eg sastava mre\u017enog certifikacijskog centra.    <\/p>\n<p>U novom izdanju:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> U komandnu print-cert dodat je flag &#171;-raw&#187; za ispis PEM-reprezentacije certifikata.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodana je podr\u0161ka za novu arhitekturu Linux riscv64.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodana je eksperimentalna postavka remote_allow_ranges za vezivanje popisa dopu\u0161tenih hostova s odre\u0111enim podmre\u017eama.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodana je opcija pki.disconnect_invalid za resetiranje tunela nakon prestanka povjerenja ili isteka trajanja certifikata.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodana je opcija unsafe_routes..metric za odre\u0111ivanje te\u017eine odre\u0111enom vanjskom putu.        <\/ul>\n<p>Izvor: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=56142\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Nebula 1.5, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0449\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439. \u0421\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445 \u0433\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 Go \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0435\u0439 MIT. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0439 Slack, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0432 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-102274","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Nebula 1.5, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0449\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 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