{"id":111020,"date":"2023-10-21T15:10:15","date_gmt":"2023-10-21T13:10:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/dostupna-servernaya-javascript-platforma-node-js-21-0"},"modified":"2026-02-15T22:30:51","modified_gmt":"2026-02-15T20:30:51","slug":"dostupna-servernaya-javascript-platforma-node-js-21-0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/blog\/news\/dostupna-servernaya-javascript-platforma-node-js-21-0","title":{"rendered":"Dostupna je poslu\u017eiteljska JavaScript platforma Node.js 21.0","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Objavljen je Node.js 21.0, platforma za izvr\u0161avanje mre\u017enih aplikacija napisnih u JavaScriptu. Podr\u0161ka za grananje Node.js 21.0 trajat \u0107e 6 mjeseci. U narednim danima zavr\u0161it \u0107e stabilizacija grananja Node.js 20, koje \u0107e dobiti status LTS i podr\u017eavat \u0107e se do travnja 2026. godine. Odr\u017eavanje prethodnog LTS grananja Node.js 18.0 trajat \u0107e do rujna 2025. godine, a pretpro\u0161log LTS grananja 16.0 do travnja 2024. godine.         <\/p>\n<p>Glavna pobolj\u0161anja:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Objavljen je stabilni Fetch API, namijenjen preuzimanju resursa putem mre\u017ee i pojednostavljenju pisanja univerzalnog JavaScript koda koji je prikladan za rad na strani poslu\u017eitelja i klijenta. Implementacija se temelji na kodu iz HTTP\/1.1 klijenta undici i maksimalno je pribli\u017eena sli\u010dnom API-ju koji nude preglednici. API uklju\u010duje metodu fetch() i objekte Headers, Request i Response koji predstavljaju HTTP zaglavlja, upit i odgovor.           const res = await fetch('https:\/\/nodejs.org\/api\/documentation.json');     if (res.ok) {       const data = await res.json();       console.log(data);     }\n<li class=\"l\"> Stabilizirana je podr\u0161ka za API WebStreams, koji pru\u017ea pristup podacima u potocima preuzetim preko mre\u017ee. API omogu\u0107uje dodavanje vlastitih obrada, koje rade s podacima dok informacije pristi\u017eu preko mre\u017ee, ne \u010dekaju\u0107i da se cijela datoteka u\u010dita. U Node.js su dostupni objekti kao ReadableStream*, TransformStream*, WritableStream*, TextEncoderStream, TextDecoderStream, CompressionStream i DecompressionStream.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodana je eksperimentalna implementacija klijenta WebSocket, <a href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/ssl-sertifikat\/rapidssl-wildcard\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3323\">kompatibilna s preglednicima<\/a>. Za uklju\u010divanje podr\u0161ke za WebSocket predvi\u0111en je zastavica \u2018\u2014experimental-websocket\u2019.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodana je eksperimentalna opcija kori\u0161tenja JavaScript modula ESM (ECMAScript Modules, koristi se u modulima za preglednike) kao zadani umjesto CommonJS (specifi\u010dan za Node.js). Promjena ne utje\u010de na module \u010diji je format jasno definiran preko polja \u2018type\u2019 u package.json, postavljenog putem zastavice \u2018\u2014input-type\u2019 ili o\u010digledan zbog ekstenzije datoteke (.mjs za ESM, .cjs za CommonJS). Modulima koji nisu izri\u010dito definirani kao CommonJS (npr. oni s ekstenzijom \u2018.js\u2019) \u0107e se novo uklju\u010deni na\u010din rada promatrati kao ESM moduli. Za aktivaciju novih postavki modula predlo\u017eena je zastavica \u2018\u2014experimental-default-type\u2019.\n<li class=\"l\"> V8 engine a\u017euriran je na verziju 11.8, kori\u0161tenu u Chromium 118, u kojem je uvedena podr\u0161ka za metodu ArrayBuffer.prototype.transfer, mogu\u0107nost grupiranja nizova (metoda groupBy) i WebAssembly upute za obradu konstanti (i32.add, i32.sub, i32.mul, i64.add, i64.sub i i64.mul).\n<li class=\"l\"> Podr\u0161ka za globalPreload procesor je prekinuta, umjesto toga za konfiguraciju modula treba koristiti pozive register i initialize.\n<li class=\"l\"> U funkciju fs.writeFile dodana je opcija \u2018flush\u2019 za prisilno ispu\u0161tanje podataka na ure\u0111aj nakon svake operacije pisanja.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pove\u0107ana je u\u010dinkovitost koda povezanog s analizom URL-a, API fetch, streamovima, node:fs i HTTP-om.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodani su globalni objekti navigator. Na primjer, za dobivanje podataka o broju CPU jezgri mo\u017eete koristiti svojstvo navigator.hardwareConcurrency.\n<li class=\"l\"> U parametar \u2018\u2014test\u2019 dodana je podr\u0161ka za glob maske za odabir pokrenutih testova (npr. mo\u017ee se navesti \u2018\u2014test **\/*.test.js.\u2019).\n<li class=\"l\"> A\u017eurirani su paketni menad\u017eer npm 10.2.0 i parser llhttp 9.1.2 koji su uklju\u010deni u paket.\n<li class=\"l\"> Podr\u0161ka za Visual Studio 2019 i verzije macOS starije od 11.0 je prekinuta.         <\/ul>\n<p>Platforma Node.js mo\u017ee se koristiti kako za poslu\u017eiteljsko odr\u017eavanje web aplikacija, tako i za izradu uobi\u010dajenih klijentskih i poslu\u017eiteljskih mre\u017enih programa. Za pro\u0161irenje funkcionalnosti aplikacija za Node.js pripremljena je velika kolekcija modula, u kojoj se mogu prona\u0107i moduli s implementacijama  <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/server\/\"   title=\"poslu\u017eitelja\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"1675\">poslu\u017eitelja<\/a> i klijenata HTTP, SMTP, XMPP, DNS, FTP, IMAP, POP3, moduli za integraciju s raznim web okvirima, obrada WebSocket i Ajax, konektori za baze podataka (MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite, MongoDB), predlo\u0161ci, CSS motori, implementacije kriptoalgoritama i sustava autentifikacije (OAuth), XML parseri.    <\/p>\n<p> Za osiguranje obrade velikog broja paralelnih zahtjeva, Node.js koristi asinkroni model pokretanja koda, koji se temelji na obradi doga\u0111aja u neblokiraju\u0107em modu i definiranju callback handlera. Kao metode multiplexiranja veza podr\u017eavaju se razli\u010dite metode poput epoll, kqueue, \/dev\/poll i select. Za multiplexiranje veza koristi se knji\u017enica libuv, koja je nadogradnja na libev u Unix sustavima i na IOCP u Windowsu. Za izradu skupa niti (thread pool) koristi se knji\u017enica libeio, a za izvr\u0161avanje DNS upita u neblokiraju\u0107em modu integriran je c-ares. Svi sustavni pozivi koji uzrokuju blokiranje izvode se unutar skupa niti i zatim, kao i handleri signala, vra\u0107aju rezultat svog rada putem anonimnog kanala (pipe). Izvr\u0161avanje JavaScript koda osigurava se kori\u0161tenjem motora V8 razvijenog od strane kompanije Google (dodatno, Microsoft razvija varijantu Node.js s motorom Chakra-Core).        <\/p>\n<p>Su\u0161tinski, Node.js je sli\u010dan framework-ima Perl AnyEvent, Ruby Event Machine, Python Twisted i implementaciji doga\u0111aja u Tcl, ali je petlja obrade doga\u0111aja (event loop) u Node.js skrivena od programera i podse\u0107a na obradu doga\u0111aja u web-aplikaciji koja radi u pretra\u017eiva\u010du. Kada pi\u0161ete aplikacije za Node.js, morate uzeti u obzir specifi\u010dnost programiranja zasnovanog na doga\u0111ajima, na primer, umesto izvr\u0161avanja &#171;var result = db.query(&#171;select..&#187;);&#187; uz \u010dekanje zavr\u0161etka rada i kasniju obradu rezultata, u Node.js se koristi na\u010delo asinhronog izvr\u0161enja, tj. kod se transformi\u0161e u &#171;db.query(&#171;select..&#187;, function (result) {obrada rezultata});&#187;, pri \u010demu upravljanje odmah prelazi na dalji kod, a rezultat upita \u0107e se obraditi kako podaci budu pristizali.<br \/>\n<br \/>Izvor: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=59969\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 Node.js 21.0, \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 JavaScript. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 Node.js 21.0 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 6 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432. \u0412 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043d\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 Node.js 20, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441 LTS \u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0421\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0439 LTS-\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 Node.js 18.0 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 2025 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0439 LTS-\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-111020","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - 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