{"id":114452,"date":"2024-03-20T12:25:49","date_gmt":"2024-03-20T10:25:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/ataka-na-nekotorye-protokoly-na-osnove-udp-privodyashhaya-k-zacziklivaniyu-obmena-paketami"},"modified":"2024-03-20T12:25:49","modified_gmt":"2024-03-20T10:25:49","slug":"ataka-na-nekotorye-protokoly-na-osnove-udp-privodyashhaya-k-zacziklivaniyu-obmena-paketami","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/blog\/news\/ataka-na-nekotorye-protokoly-na-osnove-udp-privodyashhaya-k-zacziklivaniyu-obmena-paketami","title":{"rendered":"Napad na neke UDP protokole, \u0161to dovodi do petljanja razmjene paketa.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Koordinacijski centar CERT (ra\u010dunalna grupa za reagiranje na izvanredne situacije) objavio je upozorenje o nizu ranjivosti u implementacijama razli\u010ditih aplikacijskih protokola koji koriste UDP kao transportni protokol. Ranjivosti se mogu iskoristiti za organiziranje napada uskra\u0107ivanja usluge zbog mogu\u0107nosti kru\u017enog slanja paketa izme\u0111u dvije biti doma\u0107ina. Na primjer, napada\u010di mogu izazvati iscrpljivanje dostupne propusnosti mre\u017ee, blokiranje mre\u017enih usluga (npr. stvaranjem visokog optere\u0107enja i prekora\u010denjem granice intenziteta zahtjeva) i kori\u0161tenje poja\u010diva\u010da prometa za DDoS napade. <\/p>\n

Me\u0111u protokolima \u010dije su implementacije ranjive su DNS, NTP, TFTP, Echo (RFC862), Chargen (RFC864) i QOTD (RFC865). Ranjivost (CVE-2024-2169) potvr\u0111ena je u pojedinim proizvodima tvrtki Cisco, Microsoft, Broadcom, Brother, Honeywell (CVE-2024-1309) i MikroTik. Kao mjere za\u0161tite preporu\u010duje se omogu\u0107avanje blokade spoofinga (uRPF) na vatrozidu, ograni\u010davanje pristupa nepotrebnim UDP servisima i postavljanje ograni\u010denja intenziteta prometa (rate-limit i QoS). <\/p>\n

Ranljivosti proizlaze iz neza\u0161ti\u0107enosti UDP protokola od spoofanja adresa \u2014 ukoliko na tranzitnim usmjeriva\u010dima nema za\u0161tite od spoofanja, napada\u010d mo\u017ee navesti la\u017eni IP adresu bilo kojeg servera u UDP paketu i poslati taj paket na drugi server, koji \u0107e poslati odgovor na navedenu la\u017enu adresu. Metoda napada svodi se na stvaranje situacije u kojoj se paketi me\u0111usobno razmjenjuju u petlji izme\u0111u servera koji koriste ranjive implementacije protokola. Na primjer, u odgovoru na primljeni paket, ciljni server mo\u017ee poslati odgovor s kodom gre\u0161ke, a server \u010dija je adresa navedena od strane napada\u010da, vratit \u0107e svoj odgovor, \u0161to opet mo\u017ee dovesti do vra\u0107anja paketa s kodom gre\u0161ke. Tako, servere<\/a> do beskona\u010dnosti \u0107e se razmjenjivati paketi u 'ping-pong'.

\"Napad<\/center> <\/p>\n

Zanimljivo je da ovakva metoda napada nije nova i u serveru<\/a> Sinhronizacija vremena ntpd, jedna od mogu\u0107ih napada, uklonjena je jo\u0161 2009. godine (CVE-2009-3563) u verzijama 4.2.4p8 i 4.2.5. Napad se sastojao u slanju NTP paketa s la\u017enom adresom i postavljenom oznakom MODE_PRIVATE, pri \u010demu je ciljni poslu\u017eitelj vra\u0107ao odgovor o nemogu\u0107nosti kori\u0161tenja privatnog na\u010dina, ostavljaju\u0107i u odgovoru postavljenu oznaku MODE_PRIVATE. Prema tome, drugi poslu\u017eitelj tako\u0111er nije mogao obraditi ovu oznaku i vra\u0107ao je svoj odgovor, \u0161to je dovodilo do petlje slanja paketa izme\u0111u dva NTP poslu\u017eitelja. Za DNS protokol upozorenje o mogu\u0107nosti provo\u0111enja sli\u010dnog napada objavljeno je jo\u0161 1996. godine. <\/p>\n

Globalno skeniranje adresa na internetu pokazalo je da trenutno u mre\u017ei postoji najmanje 23 tisu\u0107e ranjivih TFTP poslu\u017eitelja, 63 tisu\u0107e DNS poslu\u017eitelja, 89 tisu\u0107a NTP poslu\u017eitelja, 56 tisu\u0107a Echo\/RFC862 servisa, 22 tisu\u0107e Chargen\/RFC864 servisa i 21 tisu\u0107a QOTD\/RFC865 servisa. Pretpostavlja se da kod NTP poslu\u017eitelja postojanje neispravljene ranjivosti proizlazi iz kori\u0161tenja vrlo starih verzija ntpd, objavljenih prije 2010. godine. Servisi Echo, Chargen i QOTD su izvorno ranjivi zbog svoje arhitekture. Situacija s TFTP i DNS poslu\u017eiteljima zahtijeva daljnje rasprave s njihovim administratorima. Poslu\u017eitelji atftpd i tftpd nisu pogo\u0111eni problemom jer koriste nasumi\u010dni broj izvorne mre\u017ene adrese pri slanju odgovora. Me\u0111u ranjivim DNS poslu\u017eiteljima spominje se dproxy-nexgen. U Microsoftovim proizvodima problem se manifestira u WDS (Windows Deployment Services), a u Cisco proizvodima problem se prisutan u usmjeriva\u010dima serija 2800 i 2970.
\n
Izvor: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":114453,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-114452","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Naporan napad na odre\u0111ene UDP protokole koji dovodi do petlje slanja paketa | ProHoster","description":"Koordinacijski centar CERT (ra\u010dunalna grupa za odgovor na izvanredne situacije) objavio je upozorenje o seriji ranjivosti u implementacijama raznih aplikacijskih protokola koji koriste kao 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