{"id":116675,"date":"2024-06-20T18:06:01","date_gmt":"2024-06-20T16:06:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/proekt-exectos-razvivaet-otkrytuyu-os-naczelennuyu-na-sovmestimost-s-prilozheniyami-windows"},"modified":"2024-06-20T18:06:01","modified_gmt":"2024-06-20T16:06:01","slug":"proekt-exectos-razvivaet-otkrytuyu-os-naczelennuyu-na-sovmestimost-s-prilozheniyami-windows","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/blog\/news\/proekt-exectos-razvivaet-otkrytuyu-os-naczelennuyu-na-sovmestimost-s-prilozheniyami-windows","title":{"rendered":"Projekt ExectOS razvija otvoreni operacijski sustav usmjeren na kompatibilnost s Windows aplikacijama","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Projekt ExectOS je poku\u0161ao stvoriti novu operativnu sistemsku platformu od temelja, opremljenu mikrojezgrenom arhitekturom XT, inspiriranom Windows NT jezgrom. Komponente jezgre u ExectOS-u su odvojene od podpotrebne jedinice koja podr\u017eava rad upravlja\u010dkih programa, \u0161to omogu\u0107ava a\u017euriranje osnovnog jezgra bez potrebe za ponovnim kompajliranjem upravlja\u010dkih programa za novo jezgro. Kod projekta je napisan u programskom jeziku C i distribuira se pod GPLv3 licencom.<\/p>\n

Operativni sustav se razvija uzimaju\u0107i u obzir mogu\u0107nost pru\u017eanja sloja za pokretanje postoje\u0107ih aplikacija koje koriste Win32 API, kao i mogu\u0107nost kori\u0161tenja upravlja\u010dkih programa dostupnih za Windows. Trenutno su takvi slojevi samo u planovima, a za rad se koriste vlastite aplikacije i upravlja\u010dki programi. Razlike u odnosu na ReactOS se svode na to da ExectOS razvija odvojeni samodostatan OS sa svojom XT arhitekturom koja pru\u017ea sloj za kompatibilnost s aplikacijama za Windows, dok ReactOS poku\u0161ava replicirati Windows.<\/p>\n

Arhitektura jezgre XT omogu\u0107ava izbacivanje vi\u0161ezada\u0107nosti i uklju\u010duje dva osnovna sloja: mikrojezgro i komponente koje rade u korisni\u010dkom prostoru. Komponente razine jezgre rade u odvojenom za\u0161ti\u0107enom podru\u010dju memorije i imaju pun pristup hardveru i sistemskim resursima. Za razliku od NT jezgre, XT nema odvojeni HAL (Hardware Abstraction Layer) sloj koji djeluje kao posrednik izme\u0111u hardvera i ostalih dijelova operativnog sustava. <\/p>\n

Korisni\u010dka razina uklju\u010duje podpotrebne jedinice koje omogu\u0107avaju pokretanje aplikacija pisanih za razli\u010dite operacijske sustave. Na primjer, takve podpotrebne jedinice mogu implementirati slojeve za podr\u0161ku POSIX-ompatibilnom okru\u017eenju ili za pokretanje programa koji se temelje na Win32 API-ju. Projekt tako\u0111er razvija vlastiti XT Boot Loader, koji podr\u017eava UEFI, i alatsku opremu XTChain baziranu na LLVM\/Clang\/LLD.<\/p>\n

Trenutno sustav podr\u017eava samo procesore temeljenih na arhitekturama i686 i x86_64, no alat za izgradnju dodatno podr\u017eava i arhitekturu ARM64. Projekt se razvija od 2022. godine, ali razvoj jo\u0161 nije napustio fazu po\u010detka. Za testiranje trenutnog stanja povremeno se formiraju testne verzije koje se mogu pokretati u QEMU ili u\u010ditavati na sustavima s EFI s USB ure\u0111aja.<\/p>\n

Kao razlog za stvaranje novog operativnog sustava navodi se \u017eelja da se oslobode okvira i ograni\u010denja koja bi mogla sputavati realizaciju posve novih ideja izgradnje operativnih sustava. Neke ideje koje autori ExectOS-a poku\u0161avaju provesti znatno se razlikuju od arhitektura drugih projekata, a lak\u0161e ih je realizirati bez oslanjanja na postoje\u0107i kod. Razvija\u010di ExectOS-a tako\u0111er su \u017eeljeli dobiti potpunu slobodu u eksperimentiranju i mogu\u0107nost da u ranoj fazi ne brinu o kompatibilnosti i uskla\u0111enosti s bilo kojim zahtjevima.
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Izvor: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 ExectOS \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u043b \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u0430\u0449\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0441 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0439 XT, \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043c \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Windows NT. \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u0432 ExectOS \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430. \u041a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \u0421 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0435\u0439 GPLv3. 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