{"id":123647,"date":"2025-04-25T03:05:14","date_gmt":"2025-04-25T01:05:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/prototip-rutkita-dlya-linux-ispolzuyushhij-io_uring-dlya-obhoda-analizatorov-sistemnyh-vyzovov"},"modified":"2025-04-25T03:05:14","modified_gmt":"2025-04-25T01:05:14","slug":"prototip-rutkita-dlya-linux-ispolzuyushhij-io_uring-dlya-obhoda-analizatorov-sistemnyh-vyzovov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/blog\/news\/prototip-rutkita-dlya-linux-ispolzuyushhij-io_uring-dlya-obhoda-analizatorov-sistemnyh-vyzovov","title":{"rendered":"Prototip rootkita za Linux koji koristi io_uring za zaobila\u017eenje analizatora sistemskih poziva","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Istra\u017eiva\u010di iz kompanije ARMO demonstrirali su mogu\u0107nost stvaranja rootkita koji ne koristi specifi\u010dne sistemske pozive za izvr\u0161avanje tipi\u010dnih operacija, kao \u0161to su \u010ditanje\/pisanje datoteka i primanje komandi s vanjskog poslu\u017eitelja. Umjesto sistemskih poziva za izvr\u0161avanje mre\u017enih i datote\u010dnih operacija, predla\u017ee se kori\u0161tenje su\u010delja asinkronog ulaza\/izlaza io_uring, koje je podr\u017eano od jezgre Linux 5.1. <\/p>\n

Bit metode je u tome da umjesto pojedina\u010dnih sistemskih poziva za pristup datotekama i izvr\u0161avanje mre\u017enih operacija (read\/write, recv\/send\/connect\/bind\/listen) mo\u017eete koristiti zajedni\u010dke sistemske pozive io_uring (io_uring_enter, io_uring_setup, io_uring_register itd.), koji se ne analiziraju tipi\u010dnim alatima za otkrivanje zlonamjernih aktivnosti. Su\u010delje io_uring podr\u017eava oko 60 razli\u010ditih operacija. U razvoju je mogu\u0107nost koja omogu\u0107ava pokretanje novih procesa putem io_uring. <\/p>\n

Za demonstraciju rada metode pripremljen je prototip rootkita Curing, koji izvr\u0161ava takve radnje kao primanje komandi od vanjskog poslu\u017eitelja<\/a> i prijenos\/izmjena datoteka. U demonstraciji je kori\u0161teno slanje zahtjeva na TCP port 8888 vanjskog hosta i slanje sadr\u017eaja datoteke \u00ab\/etc\/shadow\u00bb. Podrazumijeva se da, nakon uspje\u0161ne kompromitacije sustava i dobivanja root prava, napada\u010d instalira rootkit kako bi osigurao svoje prisustvo na kompromitiranom sustavu. <\/p>\n

U provedenom eksperimentu aktivnost rootkita Curing nije primije\u0107ena alatima za nadzor Falco i Tetragon, koji se koriste za odre\u0111ivanje povezanih s sigurno\u0161\u0107u anomalija na hostovima i u kontejnerima (podr\u017eava se integracija s infrastrukturom na bazi Kubernetes). Spomenuti alati koriste presretanje sistemskih poziva za analizu takvih doga\u0111aja kao \u0161to su pokretanje procesa, mre\u017ena aktivnost i rad s datotekama, ali ne uzimaju u obzir mogu\u0107nost kori\u0161tenja podsustava io_uring za sli\u010dne operacije. Ve\u0107ina komercijalnih sustava za Linux za otkrivanje i reagiranje na sigurnosne incidente tako\u0111er se temelji na presretanju sistemskih poziva. <\/p>\n

Kako bi se sprije\u010dilo zaobila\u017eenje alata za pra\u0107enje mre\u017ene i datote\u010dne aktivnosti, umjesto presretanja sistemskih poziva, preporu\u010duje se upotreba mehanizma KRSI (Kernel Runtime Security Instrumentation), koji je uveden u jezgru Linux 5.7 i omogu\u0107uje priklju\u010denje BPF programa na bilo koje LSM udice. Na primjer, KRSI na razini LSM udica omogu\u0107uje pra\u0107enje operacija s datotekama, mre\u017enog pristupa i pokretanja procesa, neovisno o tome jesu li te operacije inicirane putem specifi\u010dnih sistemskih poziva ili putem io_uring. <\/p>\n

Ranije je podsustav io_uring bio predmet kritika zbog redovitog pojavljivanja ozbiljnih ranjivosti. Kao odgovor na \u017eelje korisnika za jednostavnim alatom za onemogu\u0107avanje io_uring bez ponovne izrade jezgre, u jezgru Linux 6.6 dodan je sysctl io_uring_disabled. Tvrtka Google je po defaultu onemogu\u0107ila io_uring u ChromeOS-u, Androidu i na svojim poslu\u017eiteljima<\/a>, obja\u0161njavaju\u0107i da katastrofalna situacija s sigurno\u0161\u0107u u io_uring nadma\u0161uje prednosti kori\u0161tenja io_uring za pobolj\u0161anje performansi.
\n
Izvor: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 5.1. \u0421\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-123647","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Prototip rootkita za Linux, koji koristi io_uring za zaobila\u017eenje analiti\u010dara sistemskih poziva | 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