{"id":172762,"date":"2026-05-20T00:24:36","date_gmt":"2026-05-19T22:24:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/microsoft-razvivaet-distributiv-obshhego-naznacheniya-azure-linux-4-na-baze-fedora-linux"},"modified":"2026-05-20T00:24:36","modified_gmt":"2026-05-19T22:24:36","slug":"microsoft-razvivaet-distributiv-obshhego-naznacheniya-azure-linux-4-na-baze-fedora-linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/blog\/news\/microsoft-razvivaet-distributiv-obshhego-naznacheniya-azure-linux-4-na-baze-fedora-linux","title":{"rendered":"Microsoft razvija distribuciju op\u0107e namjene Azure Linux 4 temeljenog na Fedora Linuxu","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Tvrtka Microsoft objavila je radove vezane uz distribuciju Azure Linux 4, koja je u odnosu na verziju 3.0 radikalno preure\u0111ena i pre\u0161la s vlastite paketne baze na kori\u0161tenje paketa iz distribucije Fedora 43. Dok je ranije Azure Linux bio predstavljen kao platforma za Linux okru\u017eenja koja se koriste u oblaku, edge sustavima i raznim Microsoftovim uslugama, sada se Azure Linux predstavlja kao siguran i pouzdan operativni sustav op\u0107e namjene, optimiziran za Azure oblak, koji se mo\u017ee koristiti u virtualnim ma\u0161inama, kontejnerima, okru\u017eenju WSL (Windows Subsystem for Linux) i kao glavni OS na ra\u010dunalima.       <\/p>\n<p>Verzija Azure Linux 4 ozna\u010dena je kao u razvoju. Za radne implementacije preporu\u010duje se kori\u0161tenje verzije Azure Linux 3. Gotove kompilacije jo\u0161 nisu dostupne, ali postoji uputa za izgradnju. Specifi\u010dne promjene za distribuciju isporu\u010duju se pod MIT licencom.      <\/p>\n<p>Prilikom formiranja distribucije, umjesto stvaranja fork-a Fedore, u Azure Linux 4 kori\u0161ten je deklarativni pristup, koji omogu\u0107ava ponovno sastavljanje RPM paketa s potrebnim promjenama i postavkama iz standardnih repozitorija Fedore, koriste\u0107i konfiguracijske datoteke u TOML formatu. Dodatna funkcionalnost odre\u0111ena je u obliku overlay-a, koji omogu\u0107ava generiranje spec fajlova specifi\u010dnih za Azure Linux na temelju standardnih SRPM paketa iz Fedora Linux-a. Overlays definiraju promjene koje se unose na pakete Fedore, kao \u0161to su dodatne konstrukcije u spec fajlovima, zakrpe i parametri izgradnje.        <\/p>\n<p>Paketa jedinica u Azure Linux 4 su \u201ekomponente\u201c (izvorni paket) koje se ve\u0107inom uvoze iz Fedore putem dist-git i mogu formirati jedan ili vi\u0161e RPM-paketa. Sve komponente se sastavljaju iz izvornog koda, a binarni paketi iz Fedore se ne prenose. Za generiranje rezultantnih RPM-paketa na osnovu overleja primjenjuje se alati azldev, napisani u jeziku Go i isporu\u010deni pod MIT licencom.      <\/p>\n<p>Me\u0111u zna\u010dajkama Azure Linux 4 isti\u010de se isporuka Linux jezgre s dodatnim optimizacijama, za\u0161tita od napada preko ovisnosti (supply chain), predvidljiv ciklus podr\u0161ke i objave a\u017euriranja, ugra\u0111ene mogu\u0107nosti za integraciju s Azure oblacima, te promjene za pobolj\u0161anje sigurnosti. Sustav izgradnje Azure Linux omogu\u0107uje generiranje instalacijskih okru\u017eenja s RPM paketima, kao i monolitnih sistemskih slika, koje se formiraju pomo\u0107u alata rpm-ostree i a\u017euriraju atomarno bez razdvajanja na pojedina\u010dne pakete. Podr\u017eavaju se dva modela isporuke a\u017euriranja: putem a\u017euriranja pojedina\u010dnih paketa i putem rekonstrukcije i a\u017euriranja cijele sistemske slike.     <\/p>\n<p>Me\u0111u mjerama za pove\u0107anje sigurnosti u Azure Linuxu:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Filtriranje sistemskih poziva putem mehanizma seccomp.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0160ifriranje particija diska.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Verifikacija paketa putem digitalnog potpisa.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Randorizacija adresnog prostora.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Za\u0161tita od napada povezanih s simboli\u010dkim vezama, mmap, \/dev\/mem i \/dev\/kmem.   <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Re\u017eim samo za \u010ditanje i zabrana izvr\u0161avanja koda u podru\u010djima memorije u kojima se nalaze segmenti s podacima jezgre i modula.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Opcija za zabranu u\u010ditavanja modula jezgre nakon inicijalizacije sustava.   <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Uklju\u010divanje na\u010dina za\u0161tite od prepunjenja steka, prepunjenja bafera i problema s formatiranjem nizova (_FORTIFY_SOURCE, -fstack-protector, -Wformat-security, relro) prilikom izgradnje.\n<li class=\"l\"> Isporuka minimalno potrebnih paketa, bez aktivacije suvi\u0161nih servisa.      <\/ul>\n<p>Izvor: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=65479\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Microsoft \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043c Azure Linux 4, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0441 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0439 3.0 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043d \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u043d \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 Fedora 43. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 Azure Linux \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f Linux-\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435, edge-\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0445 Microsoft, \u0442\u043e \u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c Azure Linux \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-172762","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" 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