{"id":183964,"date":"2026-10-22T17:40:49","date_gmt":"2026-10-22T15:40:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/news\/opublikovan-setevoj-stek-f-stack-2-0-rabotayushhij-v-polzovatelskom-prostranstve"},"modified":"2026-10-22T17:40:53","modified_gmt":"2026-10-22T15:40:53","slug":"f-stack-2-0-user-space-network-stack-released","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/blog\/news\/f-stack-2-0-user-space-network-stack-released","title":{"rendered":"Objavljen mre\u017eni stek F-Stack 2.0 koji radi u korisni\u010dkom prostoru","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Odr\u017eano je izdanje projekta F-Stack 2.0, koji razvija verziju mre\u017enog steka FreeBSD, prilago\u0111enu za rad u korisni\u010dkom prostoru kao biblioteka. Projekt je stvorila najve\u0107a telekomunikacijska kompanija u Kini, Tencent, i koristi se u njenim proizvodima i uslugama. Kod je napisan u programskom jeziku C i distribuira se pod BSD licencom. Podr\u017eava rad na Linuxu i FreeBSD-u. Projekt tako\u0111er podr\u017eava prilago\u0111ene verzije Nginx 1.28 i baze podataka Redis 6.2.6, koje pokazuju performanse iznad uobi\u010dajenih verzija koje rade s sistemskim mre\u017enim stekom.<\/p>\n<p>F-Stack omogu\u0107uje aplikacijama da koriste vlastiti lokalni mre\u017eni stek, neovisno o mre\u017enom steku operativnog sistema, koji funkcioni\u0161e u korisni\u010dkom prostoru i direktno komunicira s mre\u017enom opremom. F-Stack se pozicionira kao rje\u0161enje koje pobolj\u0161ava performanse procesora mre\u017enih zahtjeva u uvjetima kada standardni TCP\/IP stek jezgre Linux postane usko grlo i ograni\u010dava skalabilnost. Teoretski, F-Stack omogu\u0107ava postizanje maksimalnih mre\u017enih performansi koje su mogu\u0107e za kori\u0161tenu mre\u017enu karticu, i u nekim situacijama omogu\u0107ava vi\u0161estruko pove\u0107anje broja obra\u0111enih malih mre\u017enih zahtjeva. <\/p>\n<p>Pove\u0107anje performansi posti\u017ee se isklju\u010divanjem operacija poput kopiranja mre\u017enih paketa, zakazivanja niti, obrade prekida i pozivanja sistemskih poziva. Za interakciju s mre\u017enom karticom, zaobilaze\u0107i su\u010delja jezgre operativnog sistema, koristi se DPDK okvir (Data Plane Development Kit), koji razvija skup biblioteka za niskonivo rad s mre\u017enim adapterima. DPDK omogu\u0107ava smanjenje tro\u0161kova i minimiziranje broja CPU ciklusa prilikom primanja ili slanja mre\u017enih paketa.  <\/p>\n<p>Funkcionalnost TCP\/IP stoga odgovara mre\u017enom stogu FreeBSD 15 i izdvojena je iz ovog operativnog sistema u neovisnu biblioteku. Za razvoj aplikacija mo\u017ee se koristiti standardni POSIX API (socket, epoll, kqueue) ili vlastiti programski interfejs baziran na mikrotokovima, koji pojednostavljuje kreiranje mre\u017enih aplikacija i omogu\u0107ava izbjegavanje slo\u017eene logike asinkronog obrade upita. Mogu\u0107e je kori\u0161tenje s nemodificiranim aplikacijama uz u\u010ditavanje putem LD_PRELOAD.<\/p>\n<p>Najzna\u010dajnije promjene u novom izdanju:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Komponente mre\u017enog stoga a\u017eurirane su na stanje FreeBSD 15 (ranije se koristio FreeBSD 13).\n<li class=\"l\"> Implementiran je re\u017eim vi\u0161edretvenog rada (thread_mode=1) u jednom procesu, koji dopunjuje ranije dostupni vi\u0161eposlovni re\u017eim.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodana je lagana radna re\u017eim (primary_slim), pri kojem osnovni proces obavlja samo osnovne zadatke inicijalizacije i koordinacije rada, dok se prijem paketa i obrada redova prijema\/transfera (rx\/tx) odvijaju samo na strani podre\u0111enih procesa.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodana je podr\u0161ka za mehanizam hardverskog ubrzanja.<br \/>\nTSO (TCP Segmentation Offload) za premje\u0161tanje operacija spajanja paketa na stranu mre\u017ene kartice, s mogu\u0107no\u0161\u0107u povratka na softversku implementaciju. Pobolj\u0161ana je podr\u0161ka za TSO (TCP Segmentation Offload, premje\u0161tanje obrade segmenata paketa na mre\u017enu karticu) za IPv6.<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodana je mogu\u0107nost promjene veli\u010dine MTU (Maximum transmission unit) i implementirana je podr\u0161ka za jumbo-okvire.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pro\u0161irene su mogu\u0107nosti upravljanja hardverskim ubrzanjem izra\u010dunavanja kontrolnih suma poslanih paketa.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodana je funkcija ff_zc_recv() za primanje podataka bez me\u0111ubufferiranja (zero-copy). Redizajnirana je sli\u010dna funkcija ff_zc_send() za slanje. Optimizirana je i dopunjena. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/lir\/ipv4\/\"   title=\"podr\u0161kom za IPv6\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\">podr\u0161kom za IPv6<\/a> funkcija ff_rss_check().\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodana je opcija FF_KERNEL_COEXIST za rad zajedno s mre\u017enim stakom jezgra.\n<li class=\"l\"> Omogu\u0107eno je \u010duvanje informacija o prometu u pcap-dumpovima s nanosakundnom precizno\u0161\u0107u.\n<li class=\"l\"> U config.ini dodani su novi parametri idle_loop_interval, extra_eal_args, drain_ring_size, reload_heartbeat_timeout_ms i reload_udp_idle_ms.\n<li class=\"l\">  U specijalizovanoj verziji nginx implementirana je podr\u0161ka za ponovno u\u010ditavanje konfiguracije i a\u017euriranje binarnog fajla bez prekida veza (graceful_reload=1).\n<\/ul>\n<p>Izvor: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=66526\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 F-Stack 2.0, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430 FreeBSD, \u0430\u0434\u0430\u043f\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d \u043a\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u041a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0439 Tencent \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0435\u0451 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0445. \u041a\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \u0421\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0435\u0439 BSD. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0432 Linux \u0438 FreeBSD. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-183964","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.5 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 F-Stack 2.0, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e 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