{"id":31720,"date":"2019-10-31T21:42:42","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:42:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/modulnoe-hranenie-i-stepeni-svobody-jbod\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:42:42","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:42:42","slug":"modulnoe-hranenie-i-stepeni-svobody-jbod","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/blog\/administrirovanie\/modulnoe-hranenie-i-stepeni-svobody-jbod","title":{"rendered":"Modularno skladi\u0161tenje i stupnjevi slobode JBOD","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Kada poslovanje rukuje velikim podacima, jedinica za pohranu postaje ne pojedina\u010dni disk, ve\u0107 skup diskova, njihova kombinacija, agregat potrebnog volumena. I njime se treba upravljati kao cjelovitom cjelinom. Logika skaliranja pohrane velikoblokovnim agregatima dobro se opisuje na primjeru JBOD \u2014 kao formatu spajanja diskova i kao fizi\u010dkom ure\u0111aju.<\/p>\n

Diskovnu infrastrukturu mogu\u0107e je skalirati ne samo \"navi\u0161e\", kaskadom JBOD, ve\u0107 i \"unutar\", koriste\u0107i razli\u010dite scenarije popunjavanja. Kako to funkcionira, razmotrit \u0107emo na primjeru Western Digital Ultastar Data60.<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

O popunjavanju<\/h2>\n

\nJBOD je posebna klasa serverske opreme predvi\u0111ena za gusto smje\u0161tanje diskova, s vi\u0161ekanalnim pristupom njima upravlja\u010dkih hostova putem SAS-a. Proizvo\u0111a\u010di JBOD-a prodaju ih prazne, djelomi\u010dno ili potpuno ispunjene diskovima \u2014 tko kako. Postupno popunjavanje pohrana diskovima \u2014 kako potrebe rastu \u2014 omogu\u0107ava razlaganje kapitalnih tro\u0161kova tijekom vremena. U Western Digitalu isplati se kupiti JBOD sa svih 60 diskova \u2014 tako je puno jeftinije. No, mo\u017ee se uzeti i djelomi\u010dno popunjeni: minimalna oprema Ultastar Data60 sastoji se od 24 jedinice.<\/p>\n

Za\u0161to 24? Odgovor je jednostavan: aerodinamika. \"Zlatni standard\" JBOD 4U \/ 60 x 3.5\u201d udoma\u0107en je u industriji iz prakti\u010dnih razloga \u2014 razumnu veli\u010dinu ure\u0111aja, organizaciju pristupa, dobro hla\u0111enje. 60 diskova se raspore\u0111uje kao 5 redova po 12 HDD-a u svakom. Djelomi\u010dno popunjeni redovi ili nedostatak diskova u JBOD-u (na primjer, samo jedan red) dovode do pogor\u0161anja disipacije topline ili \u010dak do povratnog toka zraka u sredi\u0161njem kanalu \u2014 konstruktivna zna\u010dajka Ultastar Data60, njegova prepoznatljiva crta.<\/p>\n

U svojim JBOD-ima WD koristi tehnologiju hla\u0111enja diskova ArcticFlow, pa\u017eljivo modeliranu i usavr\u0161enu. Sve za HDD \u2014 za njihovu performansu, dugovje\u010dnost, sigurnost podataka.<\/p>\n

Bit ArcticFlowa svodi se na formiranje pomo\u0107u ventilatora dva neovisna strujanja zraka: frontalno hladi prednje redove jedinica, dok se zrak, koji ulazi kroz unutarnji zra\u010dni koridor u dubini ku\u0107i\u0161ta, koristi za hla\u0111enje diskova u stra\u017enjem dijelu JBOD-a.<\/p>\n

Jasno je za\u0161to je za u\u010dinkovito funkcioniranje ArcticFlow va\u017eno pratiti popunjavanje slobodnih odjeljaka. U minimalnoj konfiguraciji od 24 diska, raspored u Ultastar Data60 trebao bi po\u010deti iz stra\u017enje zone.<\/p>\n

\"Modularno<\/p>\n

\nU konfiguraciji s 12 ure\u0111aja, bez otpora koji bi trebala stvarati dvoslojna kompozicija, protok zraka na izlazu iz JBOD-a ponovno ulazi kroz prednju zonu u sustav hla\u0111enja.
\n\"Modularno
\nPostoji na\u010din za pobolj\u0161anje situacije \u2014 o njemu \u0107e biti rije\u010di kasnije.<\/p>\n

O hibridnosti<\/h2>\n

\nTreba odmah prihvatiti kao aksiom da je svrha JBOD-a u skalabilnom pohranjivanju podataka. Iz toga slijedi: koristimo ga za populaciju homogena ure\u0111aja. S fokusom \u2014 s vremenom dosegnuti projektni kapacitet pohrane, ispunjavaju\u0107i sve odjeljke.<\/p>\n

A \u0161to je s SSD-ima? Najbolje (i ispravno) rje\u0161enje je izgraditi posebno performativno skladi\u0161te na JBOF-u. Tvrdi diskovi su tu udobniji. Uz to, Ultastar Data60 dopu\u0161ta instalaciju i flash ure\u0111aja. Prije nego \u0161to krenete s hibridizacijom JBOD-a, prvo treba razmotriti sve \u2018za\u2019 \u2014 odabrati SSD-ove s popisa kompatibilnih (za razliku od HDD-a, situacija s podr\u0161kom za SSD-ove puna je nijansi). Tako\u0111er \u0107e biti potrebno ulo\u017eiti u pri\u010dvr\u0161\u0107ivanje 2,5-in\u010dnih diskova u 3,5-in\u010dnim odjeljcima. <\/p>\n

Jedina SSD-ure\u0111aja treba smjestiti u stra\u017enju zonu JBOD-a, zatvaraju\u0107i neiskori\u0161tene odjeljke posebnim \u010depovima \u2014 Drive Blanks. To blokira slobodni protok hla\u0111uju\u0107eg zraka, kako bi se, kao \u0161to je ranije navedeno, sprije\u010dila njegova recirkulacija.
\n\"Modularno
\nSvega se mo\u017ee instalirati najvi\u0161e 24 flash ure\u0111aja u ku\u0107i\u0161tu Ultastar Data60. U svakom slu\u010daju, to trebaju biti posljednji redovi stra\u017enje zone.
\n\"Modularno
\nZa\u0161to 24? Toplinska energija flash ure\u0111aja je vi\u0161a nego kod sli\u010dnih karakteristika HDD-a, zbog \u010dega vi\u0161eredna kompozicija diskova s razli\u010ditim vrstama medija ne\u0107e biti u\u010dinkovito hla\u0111ena sledovanjem ArcticFlow. I odvo\u0111enje topline postat \u0107e faktor rizika za rad JBOD-a.<\/p>\n

Ovdje je primjereno napomenuti da se pomo\u0107u Drive Blanks mo\u017ee smanjiti u\u010dinak recirkulacije vru\u0107eg zraka. Kompozicija JBOD-a s 12 HDD-a bolje \u0107e se hladiti ako se prazni odjeljci zatvore \u010depovima. Proizvo\u0111a\u010d nije spomenuo ovakav trik, ali pravo na eksperiment uvijek je na nama. Usput, WD ne zabranjuje ispunjenje od 12 diskova, iako ga ne preporu\u010duje.<\/p>\n

Prakti\u010dni zaklju\u010dci<\/h2>\n

\n\u010cak i povr\u0161no upoznavanje s aerodinamikom JBOD-a daje uvid u to da se za pouzdano funkcioniranje skladi\u0161ta bolje osloniti na iskustvo i preporuke proizvo\u0111a\u010da. Procesi unutar diskovne stanice zahtijevaju temeljita istra\u017eivanja. Nepa\u017enja prema ste\u010denim znanjima mo\u017ee dovesti do problema, koji su osjetljivi u svim smislu pri pohrani od stotina terabajta.<\/p>\n

Poznato je kako se pi\u0161u vojne norme. Ne\u0161to sli\u010dno doga\u0111a se i s arhitekturom JBOD-a. Ako su rje\u0161enja iz nedavne pro\u0161losti grije\u0161ila u rasporedu, pri \u010demu je su\u010delje bilo u zoni 'izduvavanja', povjetarac iz vru\u0107eg zraka, dana\u0161nji Ultastar Data60 nema taj nedostatak. Sva druga konstruktivna rje\u0161enja su jednostavno tehnolo\u0161ko \u010dudo. Tako na to i treba gledati.
\n
Izvor: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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I njome se treba upravljati kao cjelovitom cjelinom.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/blog\/administrirovanie\/modulnoe-hranenie-i-stepeni-svobody-jbod","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"hr_HR","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u041c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u044b JBOD | ProHoster","og:description":"\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u0441 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