{"id":37049,"date":"2019-10-31T22:15:29","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:15:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/trening-cisco-200-125-ccna-v3-0-den-13-nastrojka-vlan\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:15:29","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:15:29","slug":"trening-cisco-200-125-ccna-v3-0-den-13-nastrojka-vlan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/blog\/administrirovanie\/trening-cisco-200-125-ccna-v3-0-den-13-nastrojka-vlan","title":{"rendered":"Cisco trening 200-125 CCNA v3.0. Dan 13. Konfiguracija VLAN","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Dana\u0161nja lekcija bit \u0107e posve\u0107ena postavkama VLAN-a, odnosno poku\u0161at \u0107emo izvesti sve ono o \u010demu smo govorili na prethodnim lekcijama. Sada \u0107emo razmotriti 3 pitanja: stvaranje VLAN-a, dodjeljivanje portova VLAN-u i pregled baze podataka VLAN-a.<\/p>\n<p>Otvorimo prozor programa Cisco Packet Tracer s mojom nacrtanom logi\u010dkom topologijom na\u0161e mre\u017ee. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Cisco trening 200-125 CCNA v3.0. Dan 13. Konfiguracija VLAN\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/9d87d622b82d820bbbadf1160a617793.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nPrvi switch SW0 povezan je s 2 ra\u010dunala PC0 i PC1, koja su okupljena u mre\u017eu VLAN10 s rasponom IP adresa 192.168.10.0\/24. Dakle, IP adrese ovih ra\u010dunala bit \u0107e 192.168.10.1 i 192.168.10.2. Obi\u010dno ljudi identificiraju broj VLAN-a prema tre\u0107em oktetu IP adrese, u na\u0161em slu\u010daju to je 10, me\u0111utim, to nije obvezno pravilo za ozna\u010davanje mre\u017ea, mo\u017eete dodijeliti bilo koji identifikator VLAN-a, no redoslijed je uvelike prihva\u0107en u velikim tvrtkama jer olak\u0161ava postavljanje mre\u017ee. <\/p>\n<p>Nadalje, nalazi se switch SW1, koji je povezan s mre\u017eom VLAN20 s IP adresom 192.168.20.0\/24 s dva prijenosna ra\u010dunala Laptop1 i Laptop2.<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>VLAN10 se nalazi na 1. katu ureda tvrtke i predstavlja mre\u017eu vodstva odjela prodaje. Na ovaj switch SW0 povezano je prijenosno ra\u010dunalo Laptop0 marketin\u0161kog stru\u010dnjaka, koje pripada VLAN20. Ova mre\u017ea se prote\u017ee na 2. kat, gdje su smje\u0161teni drugi zaposlenici, a povezana je s odjelom prodaje koji mo\u017ee biti smje\u0161ten u drugoj zgradi ili na 3. katu iste ove zgrade. Ovdje su tako\u0111er postavljena 3 ra\u010dunala \u2013 PC2, PC3 i PC4, koja su dio mre\u017ee VLAN10.<\/p>\n<p>Mre\u017ea VLAN10, kao i VLAN20, trebala bi osigurati neprekinutu komunikaciju svih zaposlenika bez obzira na to \u0161to se nalaze na razli\u010ditim katovima ili u razli\u010ditim zgradama. Ovu koncepciju mre\u017ee danas \u0107emo razmotriti. <\/p>\n<p>Krenimo s postavkom i zapo\u010dnimo s ra\u010dunalom PC0. Klikom na ikonu, u\u0107i \u0107emo u mre\u017ene postavke ra\u010dunala i unijeti IP adresu 192.168.10.1 i masku podmre\u017ee 255.255.255.0. Ne unosim adresu zadnjeg prolaza, jer ona slu\u017ei za izlazak iz jedne lokalne mre\u017ee u drugu, a u na\u0161em slu\u010daju ne\u0107emo se baviti postavkama 3. razine OSI, zanimaju nas samo 2. razina, i ne planiramo razmatrati usmjeravanje prometa u drugu mre\u017eu. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Cisco trening 200-125 CCNA v3.0. Dan 13. Konfiguracija VLAN\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/17f8cbbded337e14311d8efcbdee723e.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nPlaniramo postaviti intranet i samo one hostove koji su u njemu. Nakon toga \u0107emo pre\u0107i na ra\u010dunalo PC2 i u\u010diniti isto \u0161to i za prvi PC. Sada \u0107emo provjeriti mogu li pingsati PC1 s ra\u010dunala PC0. Kao \u0161to vidite, ping prolazi, a ra\u010dunalo s IP adresom 192.168.10.2 sigurno vra\u0107a pakete. Tako smo uspje\u0161no uspostavili vezu izme\u0111u PC0 i PC1 preko switcha. <\/p>\n<p>Da bismo razumjeli za\u0161to nam je to uspjelo, idemo u postavke switcha i pogledajmo VLAN tablicu.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Cisco trening 200-125 CCNA v3.0. Dan 13. Konfiguracija VLAN\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/7bad9b9a3fce02345ca4b939ceb56ad7.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nTehni\u010dki, ovaj switch ima 5 VLAN-ova: VLAN1 prema zadanim postavkama, a tako\u0111er 1002, 1003, 1004 i 1005. Ako pogledate posljednje 4 mre\u017ee, mo\u017eete vidjeti da nisu podr\u017eane i ozna\u010dene su kao unsupported. To su virtualne mre\u017ee stare tehnologije \u2013 fddi, fddinet, trnet. Trenutno se ne koriste, ali prema tehni\u010dkim zahtjevima i dalje su uklju\u010dene u nove ure\u0111aje. Tako da na\u0161 switch zapravo ima po defaultu samo jednu virtualnu mre\u017eu \u2013 VLAN1, stoga su svi portovi bilo kojeg Cisco switcha \u201eiz kutije\u201c pode\u0161eni na ovu mre\u017eu. To su 24 porta Fast Ethernet i 2 porta Gigabit Ethernet. To zna\u010dajno olak\u0161ava kompatibilnost novih switcha, jer su po defaultu svi dio iste VLAN1.<\/p>\n<p>Moramo ponovno dodijeliti portove koji su prema zadanim postavkama konfigurirani za rad s VLAN1, da rade s VLAN10. Packet Tracer prikazuje da su u na\u0161em slu\u010daju to portovi Fa0 i Fa0\/2. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Cisco trening 200-125 CCNA v3.0. Dan 13. Konfiguracija VLAN\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/a0f311c1b18981a451d95dc8ec00be7c.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nVratimo se na switch SW0 i postavimo ta dva porta. Da bih to u\u010dinio, koristim naredbu configure terminal da u\u0111em u globalni konfiguracijski re\u017eim, te unosim naredbu za konfiguraciju ovog su\u010delja \u2013 int fastEthernet 0\/1. Moram postaviti ovaj port u access na\u010din rada, jer je to access-port, i koristim naredbu switchport mode access. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Cisco trening 200-125 CCNA v3.0. Dan 13. Konfiguracija VLAN\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/1b87e58cfd2bbd2f051573dbd3af5e4b.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nOvaj port se konfigurira kao stati\u010dki access-port, no ako mu priklju\u010dim drugi switch, zahvaljuju\u0107i protokolu DTP, pre\u0107i \u0107e u dinami\u010dki trunk re\u017eim. Po defaultu, ovaj port pripada VLAN1, stoga moram koristiti naredbu switchport access vlan 10. U tom slu\u010daju sustav \u0107e nam dati poruku da VLAN10 ne postoji te je potrebno da je stvorimo. Ako se sje\u0107ate, u VLAN bazi podataka imamo samo jednu mre\u017eu \u2013 VLAN1, i nema mre\u017ee VLAN10. No tra\u017eili smo switch da nam omogu\u0107i pristup VLAN10, pa smo dobili poruku o gre\u0161ci.<\/p>\n<p>Zato moramo stvoriti VLAN10 i prika\u010diti ga na ovaj access port. Nakon toga, ako u\u0111emo u bazu podataka VLAN, mo\u017eemo vidjeti upravo kreiranu VLAN0010, koja je u aktivnom stanju i kojoj pripada port Fa0\/1. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Cisco trening 200-125 CCNA v3.0. Dan 13. Konfiguracija VLAN\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/1643458c550ffee349c89844ae73ccdf.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nNismo napravili nikakve promjene na ra\u010dunalu, ve\u0107 smo samo konfigurirali port switcha na koji je spojen. Sada \u0107emo poku\u0161ati pingati IP adresu 192.168.10.2, \u0161to smo uspje\u0161no u\u010dinili prije nekoliko minuta. Nismo uspjeli jer port na koji je spojen PC0 sada pripada mre\u017ei VLAN10, dok port povezan s ra\u010dunalom PC1 i dalje pripada VLAN1, i ne postoji nikakva veza izme\u0111u te dvije mre\u017ee. Da bismo uspostavili vezu izme\u0111u ovih ra\u010dunala, potrebno je postaviti oba porta na rad s VLAN10. Ponovno ulazim u re\u017eim globalne konfiguracije i radim sli\u010dne radnje za switchport f0\/2.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Cisco trening 200-125 CCNA v3.0. Dan 13. Konfiguracija VLAN\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/6778fde917ff1a5fccaf37fe662841aa.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nPogledajmo jo\u0161 jednom tablicu VLAN. Sada vidimo da je mre\u017ea VLAN10 postavljena na portovima Fa0\/1 i Fa0\/2. Kao \u0161to vidimo, ping sada prolazi uspje\u0161no, jer oba porta switche SW0, na koje su spojeni ure\u0111aji, pripadaju istoj mre\u017ei. Poku\u0161ajmo promijeniti ime mre\u017ee kako bismo ozna\u010dili njezinu namjenu. Ako \u017eelimo izvr\u0161iti neke promjene u VLAN, moramo u\u0107i u postavke te mre\u017ee. <\/p>\n<p>Za to kucam naredbu vlan 10, i vidite da se prompt komandne linije promijenio sa Switch (config) # na Switch (config-vlan) #. Ako unesem znak pitanja, sustav \u0107e nam pokazati samo 3 mogu\u0107e naredbe: exit, name i no. Mogu odrediti ime mre\u017ee koriste\u0107i naredbu name, vratiti naredbe na zadano stanje kucaju\u0107i no ili sa\u010duvati unesene promjene koriste\u0107i naredbu exit. Stoga unosim naredbe name SALES i exit.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Cisco trening 200-125 CCNA v3.0. Dan 13. Konfiguracija VLAN\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/f4d7da0ad6a5f59c3aaac31d34042e1b.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nAko pogledate bazu podataka VLAN, mo\u017eete se uvjeriti da su na\u0161i timovi izvr\u0161eni i da biv\u0161a VLAN10 sada nosi naziv SALES \u2013 odjel za prodaju. Dakle, spojili smo 2 ra\u010dunala na\u0161eg ureda u stvorenu mre\u017eu odjela za prodaju. Sada treba stvoriti mre\u017eu za odjel marketinga. Da biste se spojili na ovu mre\u017eu koriste\u0107i prijenosno ra\u010dunalo Laptop0, potrebno je u\u0107i u njegove mre\u017ene postavke i unijeti IP adresu 192.168.20.1 i masku podmre\u017ee 255.255.255.0, zadani prolaz nam nije potreban. Zatim se treba vratiti u postavke switcha, u\u0107i u postavke porta s naredbom int fa0\/3 i unijeti naredbu switchport mode access. Sljede\u0107a naredba bit \u0107e switchport access vlan 20. <\/p>\n<p>Ponovno dobivamo obavijest da takav VLAN ne postoji i da ga je potrebno stvoriti. Mo\u017eemo i\u0107i drugim putem \u2013 iza\u0107i \u0107u iz postavki porta Switch (config-if), u\u0107i u Switch (config) i unijeti naredbu vlan 20, \u010dime \u0107emo stvoriti mre\u017eu VLAN20. To jest, prvo mo\u017eemo stvoriti mre\u017eu VLAN20, dodijeliti joj naziv MARKETING, spremiti promjene naredbom exit, a zatim konfigurirati port za nju. <\/p>\n<p>Ako u\u0111ete u bazu VLAN s naredbom sh vlan, mo\u017eete vidjeti mre\u017eu MARKETING koju smo stvorili i odgovaraju\u0107i port Fa0\/3. Ne\u0107u mo\u0107i pingovati ra\u010dunala s ovog prijenosnog ra\u010dunala iz dva razloga: imamo razli\u010dite VLAN-ove i na\u0161i ure\u0111aji pripadaju razli\u010ditim podmre\u017eama. Budu\u0107i da pripadaju razli\u010ditim VLAN-ovima, switch \u0107e odbacivati pakete prijenosnog ra\u010dunala koji su upu\u0107eni u drugu mre\u017eu, jer nema port koji pripada VLAN20. <\/p>\n<p>Kao \u0161to sam rekao, kompanija se \u0161iri, mali ured na prvom katu vi\u0161e nije dovoljan, pa smje\u0161taju odjel marketinga na 2. katu zgrade, postavljaju tamo ra\u010dunala za 2 zaposlenika i \u017eele osigurati vezu s odjelom marketinga na prvom katu. Da bismo to postigli, prvo treba stvoriti trunk izme\u0111u dva switcha \u2013 portom Fa0\/4 prvog switcha i portom Fa0\/1 drugog switcha. Da bih to postigao, ulazim u postavke SW0 i unosim naredbe int f0\/4 i switchport mode trunk. <\/p>\n<p>Postoji naredba za enkapsulaciju switchport trunk enc, me\u0111utim u novim switchovima se ona ne primjenjuje, jer po defaultu koriste tehnologiju enkapsulacije prema protokolu 802.1q. Me\u0111utim, stari modeli switchova Cisco koristili su proprietarni protokol ISL, koji se vi\u0161e ne primjenjuje, budu\u0107i da sada svi switchovi razumiju protokol .1Q. Tako da vi\u0161e nema potrebe za kori\u0161tenjem naredbe switchport trunk enc.<\/p>\n<p>Ako sada u\u0111ete u VLAN bazu podataka, mo\u017eete primijetiti da je port Fa0\/4 nestao. To je zato \u0161to su u ovoj tablici navedeni samo access portovi koji pripadaju odre\u0111enoj VLAN. Da biste vidjeli trunk portove switcha, potrebno je upotrijebiti naredbu sh int trunk. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Cisco trening 200-125 CCNA v3.0. Dan 13. Konfiguracija VLAN\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/9e95c63afd05ae8cfec06def103d1cc5.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nU prozoru naredbenog retka vidimo da je port Fa0\/4 uklju\u010den, koristi 802.1q enkapsulaciju i pripada native vlan 1. Kao \u0161to znamo, ako ovaj trunk port prima neozna\u010deni promet, automatski ga usmjerava u mre\u017eu native vlan 1. Na sljede\u0107em satu razgovarat \u0107emo o postavkama native vlana, a za sada zapamtite kako izgledaju postavke trunk-a za ovo ure\u0111aj.<\/p>\n<p>Sada prelazim na drugi switch SW1, ulazim u na\u010din postavki int f0\/1 i ponavljam postupak konfiguracije porta na sli\u010dan na\u010din kao u prethodnom slu\u010daju. Dva porta Fa0\/2 i Fa0\/3, na koje su spojenii prijenosnici zaposlenika marketinga, trebaju biti postavljeni na access na\u010din i pripisani mre\u017ei VLAN20. <\/p>\n<p>U prethodnom slu\u010daju, pojedina\u010dno smo konfigurirali svaki port switcha, a sada \u017eelim pokazati kako ubrzati taj proces koriste\u0107i predlo\u0161ke naredbenog retka. Mo\u017eete upisati naredbu za konfiguraciju raspona su\u010delja int range f0\/2-3, nakon \u010dega \u0107e naredbeni prozor izgledati kao Switch (config-if-range)#, i mo\u0107i \u0107ete unijeti istu postavku ili primijeniti istu naredbu na odre\u0111eni raspon portova, primjerice, istovremeno za 20 portova. <\/p>\n<p>U prethodnom primjeru nekoliko smo puta koristili iste naredbe switchport mode access i switchport access vlan 10 za nekoliko portova switcha. Ove se naredbe mogu unositi jednom ako koristite raspon portova. Sada \u0107u unijeti naredbe switchport mode access i switchport access vlan 20 za odabrani raspon portova. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Cisco trening 200-125 CCNA v3.0. Dan 13. Konfiguracija VLAN\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/44de481d240ca1f059e5d62a8e9fb5d5.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nBudu\u0107i da mre\u017ea VLAN20 trenutno ne postoji, sustav \u0107e je automatski stvoriti. Uzimam exit za spremanje unesenih promjena i tra\u017eim da mi prika\u017ee tablicu VLAN. Kao \u0161to mo\u017eete vidjeti, sada su portovi Fa0\/2 i Fa0\/3 dio upravo stvorene VLAN20. <\/p>\n<p>Sada \u0107u postaviti IP adrese prijenosnika na drugom katu na\u0161eg ureda: Laptop1 \u0107e dobiti adresu 192.168.20.2 i masku podmre\u017ee 255.255.255.0, dok \u0107e Laptop2 dobiti IP adresu 192.168.20.3. Provjerit \u0107emo funkcionalnost mre\u017ee pingaju\u0107i prvi prijenosnik s drugog. Kao \u0161to vidite, ping prolazi uspje\u0161no jer su oba ure\u0111aja dio iste VLAN i spojena su na isti switch. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Cisco trening 200-125 CCNA v3.0. Dan 13. Konfiguracija VLAN\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/690f2213143c16b361e8ca82deab7c12.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nMe\u0111utim, prijenosnici odjela marketinga na prvom i drugom katu spojeni su na razli\u010dite switcheve, iako su u istoj VLAN mre\u017ei. Provjerit \u0107emo kako je osigurana komunikacija izme\u0111u njih, tako da \u0107u pingati s Laptop2 prijenosnik na prvom katu koji ima IP adresu 192.168.20.1. Kao \u0161to vidite, sve funkcioni\u0161e bez problema unato\u010d tome \u0161to su prijenosnici spojeni na razli\u010dite switcheve. Komunikacija se ostvaruje zahvaljuju\u0107i tome \u0161to su oba switcha spojena trunkom. <\/p>\n<p>Mogu li uspostaviti komunikaciju izme\u0111u Laptop2 i ra\u010dunala PC0? Ne mogu, jer pripadaju razli\u010ditim VLAN-ovima. Sada \u0107emo postaviti mre\u017eu za ra\u010dunala PC2,3,4, za \u0161to prvo kreiramo trunk izme\u0111u drugog switcha Fa0\/4 i tre\u0107eg switcha Fa0\/1. <\/p>\n<p>Ulazim u postavke SW1 i upisujem naredbu config t, nakon \u010dega pozivam int f0\/4, zatim unosim naredbe switchport mode trunk i exit. Na sli\u010dan na\u010din postavljam tre\u0107i switch SW2. Napravili smo trunk, i vidite da je nakon \u0161to su postavke stupile na snagu, boja portova promijenjena iz naran\u010daste u zelenu. Sada je potrebno postaviti portove Fa0\/2,0\/3,0\/4, koji su povezani s ra\u010dunalima odjela prodaje, koja pripadaju mre\u017ei VLAN10. Da bih to u\u010dinio, ulazim u postavke switcha SW2, biram raspon portova f0\/2-4 i primjenjujem na njih naredbe switchport mode access i switchport access vlan 10. Budu\u0107i da na tim portovima ne postoji mre\u017ea VLAN10, sustav ju automatski stvara. Ako pogledate bazu podataka VLAN tog switcha, mo\u017eete vidjeti da sada portovi Fa0\/2,0\/3,0\/4 pripadaju mre\u017ei VLAN10. <\/p>\n<p>Nakon toga potrebno je postaviti mre\u017eu za svako od ova 3 ra\u010dunala, unose\u0107i IP adrese i maske podmre\u017ee. PC2 dobiva adresu 192.168.10.3, PC3 \u2013 adresu 192.168.10.4, a PC4 \u2013 IP adresu 192.168.10.5. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Cisco trening 200-125 CCNA v3.0. Dan 13. Konfiguracija VLAN\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/e0b45bbd05f2941dc8d89fb97a6b3e37.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nDa bismo odgovorili na pitanje radi li na\u0161a mre\u017ea, pingajmo ra\u010dunalo PC0 na prvom katu s ra\u010dunala PC4, koje se nalazi na 3. katu ili u drugoj zgradi. Pingovanje je zavr\u0161ilo neuspje\u0161no, pa poku\u0161ajmo otkriti za\u0161to to nismo uspjeli.<\/p>\n<p>Kada smo poku\u0161avali pingati Laptop0 s Laptop2, sve je radilo savr\u0161eno, iako su prijenosnici bili spojeni na razli\u010dite switcheve. Za\u0161to sada, kada su ra\u010dunala iz na\u0161eg prodajnog odjela tako\u0111er spojena na razli\u010dite switcheve povezane trunkom, ping ne prolazi? Da bismo razumjeli uzrok problema, potrebno je podsjetiti se kako switch funkcionira. <\/p>\n<p>Kada \u0161aljemo paket s ra\u010dunala PC4 na switch SW2, on vidi da paket dolazi na port Fa0\/4. Switch provjerava svoju bazu podataka i otkriva da port Fa0\/4 pripada mre\u017ei VLAN10. Nakon toga, switch ozna\u010dava okvir brojem mre\u017ee, tj. pridru\u017euje paketu podataka oznaku VLAN10 i \u0161alje ga trunkom drugom switchu SW1. Taj switch '\u010dita' oznaku i vidi da je paket namijenjen mre\u017ei VLAN10, gleda u svoju bazu podataka VLAN i, otkrivaju\u0107i da VLAN10 ne postoji, odbacuje paket. Na taj na\u010din, ure\u0111aji PC2, 3 i 4 mogu bez problema komunicirati jedni s drugima, ali poku\u0161aj uspostavljanja veze s ra\u010dunalima PC0 i PC1 zavr\u0161ava neuspjehom, jer switch SW1 ni\u0161ta ne zna o mre\u017ei VLAN10. <\/p>\n<p>Ovaj problem mo\u017eemo lako rije\u0161iti tako da u\u0111emo u postavke SW1, stvorimo mre\u017eu VLAN10 pomo\u0107u naredbe vlan 10 i damo joj naziv MARKETING. Poku\u0161ajmo ponoviti ping \u2013 vidite da su prva tri paketa odbijena, dok je \u010detvrti pro\u0161ao uspje\u0161no. To se obja\u0161njava time da je switch prvo provjeravao IP adrese i odre\u0111ivao MAC adresu, \u0161to je potrajalo odre\u0111eno vrijeme, pa su prva tri paketa odbijena zbog isteka vremena. Sada je veza uspostavljena, jer je switch dopunio svoju MAC adresu i usmjerava pakete izravno na potrebnu adresu. <br \/>\nSve \u0161to sam u\u010dinio kako bih rije\u0161io problem je to \u0161to sam u\u0161ao u postavke me\u0111usobnog switchea i stvorio mre\u017eu VLAN10. Tako, \u010dak i ako mre\u017ea nije izravno povezana sa switchom, on jo\u0161 uvijek treba znati za sve mre\u017ee uklju\u010dene u mre\u017ene veze. No, ako imate stotinu switcheva u svojoj mre\u017ei, fizi\u010dki ne\u0107ete mo\u0107i u\u0107i u postavke svakog od njih i ru\u010dno konfigurirati identifikatore VLAN. Zato koristimo VTP protokol, \u010diju \u0107emo konfiguraciju obraditi u sljede\u0107em video tutorialu. <\/p>\n<p>Danas smo obradili sve \u0161to smo planirali: kako kreirati VLAN, kako dodati VLAN portove i kako pregledati VLAN bazu podataka. Za stvaranje mre\u017ea ulazimo u globalni konfiguracijski re\u017eim prekida\u010da i koristimo naredbu vlan , tako\u0111e mo\u017eemo dodati ime stvorene mre\u017ee pomo\u0107u naredbe name . <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Cisco trening 200-125 CCNA v3.0. Dan 13. Konfiguracija VLAN\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/1972c3b2dbc6d936ae40a4a58f5b5f2d.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nMo\u017eemo tako\u0111e stvoriti VLAN na drugi na\u010din, ulaze\u0107i u re\u017eim interfejsa i koriste\u0107i naredbu switchport access vlan . Ako mre\u017ea s tim brojem ne postoji, sistem \u0107e je automatski stvoriti. Ne zaboravite koristiti naredbu exit nakon promjena u originalnim postavkama, ina\u010de se one ne\u0107e sa\u010duvati u VLAN bazi podataka. Zatim mo\u017eete dodati portove odre\u0111enim VLAN mre\u017eama koriste\u0107i odgovaraju\u0107e naredbe.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Cisco trening 200-125 CCNA v3.0. Dan 13. Konfiguracija VLAN\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/b6a157eec727d6727609aa15585f64d7.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nNaredba switchport mode access prelazi interfejs u stati\u010dki re\u017eim pristupnog porta, nakon \u010dega se odgovaraju\u0107i VLAN broj dodaje portu pomo\u0107u naredbe switchport access vlan . Za pregled VLAN baze podataka koristi se naredba show vlan, koju treba uneti u korisni\u010dkom EXEC re\u017eimu. Za pregled liste trunk portova potrebno je koristiti naredbu show int trunk. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Cisco trening 200-125 CCNA v3.0. Dan 13. Konfiguracija VLAN\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/f509ce4c2965ac5a2c58cd1e9294dbe9.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<center><div class=\"youtube-placeholder\" data-id=\"BtKpVcn_8ec\" onclick=\"loadVideo(this)\">\r\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/BtKpVcn_8ec\/hqdefault.jpg\" alt=\"Pogledajte video\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"480\" height=\"360\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;\">\r\n        <div class=\"play-button\"><\/div>\r\n    <\/div><\/center><br \/>\nHvala \u0161to ste s nama. Svi\u0111a li vam se na\u0161 sadr\u017eaj? \u017delite li vidjeti vi\u0161e zanimljivih materijala? Podr\u017eite nas naru\u010divanjem ili preporu\u010dite prijateljima. <b>30% popusta za korisnike Habr-a na jedinstveni analog entry-level servera, koji smo stvorili za vas:<\/b> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/company\/ua-hosting\/blog\/347386\/\">Sve \u0161to trebate znati o VPS (KVM) E5-2650 v4 (6 jezgri) 10GB DDR4 240GB SSD 1Gbps od 20$ ili kako pravilno dijeliti server?<\/a><\/noindex> (dostupne opcije s RAID1 i RAID10, do 24 jezgre i do 40GB DDR4).<\/p>\n<p><b>Dell R730xd za pola cijene?<\/b> Samo kod nas <b><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ua-hosting.company\/serversnl\">2 x Intel TetraDeca-Core Xeon 2x E5-2697v3 2.6GHz 14C 64GB DDR4 4x960GB SSD 1Gbps 100 TB od 199 $<\/a><\/noindex> u Nizozemskoj! <b>Dell R420 \u2014 2x E5-2430 2.2Ghz 6C 128GB DDR3 2x960GB SSD 1Gbps 100TB \u2014 od 99 $!<\/b><\/b> Pro\u010ditajte o tome <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/company\/ua-hosting\/blog\/329618\/\">Kako izgraditi infrastrukturu korporacijske klase koriste\u0107i Dell R730xd E5-2650 v4 servere po cijeni od 9000 eura za sitni\u0161?<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<br \/>Izvor: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/ua-hosting\/blog\/463183\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0442\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430\u043c VLAN, \u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0451 \u0442\u043e, \u043e \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0445. \u0421\u0435\u0439\u0447\u0430\u0441 \u043c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c 3 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430: \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 VLAN, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432 VLAN \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u044b \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 VLAN. \u041e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043c \u043e\u043a\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b Cisco Packer tracer \u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u044e \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438. \u041a \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0447\u0443 SW0 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044b 2 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430 PC0 \u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":27773,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37049","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - 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