{"id":38045,"date":"2019-10-31T22:21:21","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:21:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/sravnenie-proizvoditelnosti-setevogo-drajvera-v-variantah-na-10-yazykah-programmirovaniya\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:21:21","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:21:21","slug":"sravnenie-proizvoditelnosti-setevogo-drajvera-v-variantah-na-10-yazykah-programmirovaniya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/blog\/news\/sravnenie-proizvoditelnosti-setevogo-drajvera-v-variantah-na-10-yazykah-programmirovaniya","title":{"rendered":"Uporedba performansi mre\u017enog drajvera u varijantama na 10 programskih jezika","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Grupa istra\u017eiva\u010da s njema\u010dkih sveu\u010dili\u0161ta objavila<\/a><\/noindex> rezultate eksperimenta<\/a><\/noindex>, tijekom kojeg je na razli\u010ditim programskim jezicima razvijeno 10 varijanti standardnog drajvera za 10-gigabitne mre\u017ene kartice Intel Ixgbe (X5xx). Drajver radi u prostoru korisnika i implementiran je na jezicima C, Rust, Go, C#, Java, OCaml, Haskell, Swift, JavaScript i Python. Prilikom pisanja koda, glavna pa\u017enja posve\u0107ena je postizanju maksimalne mogu\u0107e performanse uzimaju\u0107i u obzir karakteristike svakog jezika. Po funkcionalnosti, sve varijante su identi\u010dne i sastoje se od otprilike 1000 redaka koda. Postignu\u0107a projekta distribuiraju se<\/a><\/noindex> pod BSD licencom.<\/p>\n

Varijanta drajvera na jeziku Rust pokazala se vrlo bliskom po performansama etalon drajveru na jeziku C. Pri optere\u0107enju s istovremenom slanjem blokova od 32 paketa, Rust-drajver je malo zaostajao, ali u testovima s vi\u0161e od 32 paketa u bloku, gotovo se nije razlikovao od drajvera na C i pokazivao performanse na razini obrade 28 milijuna paketa u sekundi na serveru s CPU-om Xeon E3-1230 v2 3.3 GHz.<\/p>\n

\"Uporedba<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

Sljede\u0107u ni\u0161u po performansama zauzeli su drajveri na jezicima Go i C#, koji su pokazali dovoljno bliske rezultate (drajver na Go pobje\u0111ivao je u testovima s blokovima koji uklju\u010duju do 16 paketa, dok je pomalo gubio u testovima s vi\u0161e od 16 paketa u bloku). Pri 256 paketa u bloku, vr\u0161na performansa drajvera na C# iznosila je otprilike 28 milijuna paketa u sekundi, dok je drajver na Go imao otprilike 25 milijuna paketa u sekundi. <\/p>\n

Nakon toga, s dovoljno bliskim rezultatima, slijedili su drajveri na
\nJavi, OCaml i Haskell, koji su ve\u0107 zna\u010dajno zaostajali za ranije razmatranim varijantama i nisu uspjeli pre\u0107i granicu od 12 milijuna paketa u sekundi. Jo\u0161 ve\u0107e zaostajanje pokazali su drajveri na Swiftu i JavaScriptu, koji su mogli obraditi tokove na razini od 5 milijuna paketa u sekundi. <\/p>\n

Na kraju, rangiranje zatvara drajver na jeziku Python, koji je mogao obraditi svega 0.14 milijuna paketa u sekundi. Implementacija na Pythonu kori\u0161tena je za procjenu brzine rada interpretera bez JIT-a i bez specifi\u010dnih optimizacija (kod je izvr\u0161en koriste\u0107i CPython 3.7 i nije bio kompatibilan s PyPy, ali se napominje da bi optimizacija struktura pohrane podataka mogla pove\u0107ati performanse otprilike deset puta).<\/p>\n

Dodatno, provedeni su testovi latencije koji su pokazali u\u010dinkovitost ke\u0161iranja i utjecaj sakuplja\u010da sme\u0107a. Tijekom testiranja mjerena je latencija nakon preusmjeravanja svake paketa od strane voza\u010da u usporedbi s to\u010dno poznatim vremenom slanja. Voza\u010di u C-ju i Rustu i dalje su bili najbolji, a njihovi su rezultati bili gotovo neodvojivi za tok od 1 milijun paketa u sekundi (otprilike 20 \u00b5s). Voza\u010d napisan u Go jeziku tako\u0111er se dobro pokazao, lagano zaostaju\u0107i za liderima, ali se i dalje odr\u017eavao na razini od 20 \u00b5s. Voza\u010d u C# imao je latencije od otprilike 50 \u00b5s.
\nNajve\u0107e latencije zabilje\u017eili su voza\u010di na JavaScriptu i Javi (latencije iznad 300 \u00b5s).<\/p>\n

\"Uporedba<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

Istra\u017eivanje je provedeno s ciljem procjene mogu\u0107nosti razvoja voza\u010da i komponenti operativnog sustava na jezicima vi\u0161eg nivoa od C. Trenutno se 39 od 40 problema pri radu s memorijom u Linuxu odnosi na voza\u010de, stoga su pitanja primjene sigurnijeg jezika i premje\u0161tanja voza\u010da iz jezgre u korisni\u010dki prostor i dalje aktualna<\/a><\/noindex> a proizvo\u0111a\u010di ve\u0107 aktivno eksperimentiraju u ovom smjeru (na primjer, Google je razvio TCP staklo za OS Fuchsia<\/a><\/noindex> na Go jeziku, tvrtka CloudFlare stvorila<\/a><\/noindex> implementaciju QUIC protokola na Rust jeziku, tvrtka Apple je premjestila TCP staklo na mobilnim ure\u0111ajima u korisni\u010dki prostor).<\/p>\n

U tijeku provedene studije do\u0161lo se do zaklju\u010dka da je Rust najbolji kandidat za razvoj voza\u010da. Mogu\u0107nosti koje Rust nudi omogu\u0107uju rje\u0161avanje problema koji nastaju zbog niskonivojnog rada s memorijom, uz tro\u0161ak smanjenja performansi od otprilike 2%-10% u usporedbi s voza\u010dima na C jeziku. Jezici Go i C# su tako\u0111er priznati kao prikladni za stvaranje sistemskih komponenti, u situacijama kada su prihvatljiva ka\u0161njenja na razini dijelova milisekundi uzrokovana primjenom sakuplja\u010da sme\u0107a.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Izvor: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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\u0434\u043b\u044f 10-\u0433\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442 Intel Ixgbe (X5xx). \u0414\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430\u0445 C, Rust, Go, C#, Java, OCaml, Haskell, Swift, JavaScript \u0438 Python. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":28556,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38045","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Usporedba performansi mre\u017enog voza\u010da u verzijama na 10 programskih jezika | ProHoster","description":"Grupa istra\u017eiva\u010da sa njema\u010dkih sveu\u010dili\u0161ta objavila je 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