{"id":38121,"date":"2019-10-31T22:21:46","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:21:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/v-chrome-78-nachnutsya-eksperimenty-s-vklyucheniem-dns-over-https\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:21:46","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:21:46","slug":"v-chrome-78-nachnutsya-eksperimenty-s-vklyucheniem-dns-over-https","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/blog\/news\/v-chrome-78-nachnutsya-eksperimenty-s-vklyucheniem-dns-over-https","title":{"rendered":"U Chromeu 78 zapo\u010det \u0107e eksperimentiranje s uklju\u010divanjem DNS-over-HTTPS","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Nakon Mozilla<\/a><\/noindex> tvrtka Google javila<\/a><\/noindex> o namjeri provo\u0111enja eksperimenta za provjeru implementacije «DNS preko HTTPS» (DoH, DNS over HTTPS) razvijene za preglednik Chrome. U izdanju Chrome 78, planiranom za 22. listopada, neke kategorije korisnika \u0107e imati ovu opciju omogu\u0107enu prema zadanim postavkama. preba\u010deni<\/a><\/noindex> na kori\u0161tenje DoH-a. U eksperimentu uklju\u010divanja DoH-a sudjelovat \u0107e samo korisnici \u010dije trenutne sistemske postavke sadr\u017ee odre\u0111ene DNS-provide\u0107e koji su priznati kao kompatibilni s DoH-om. <\/p>\n

Na bijelu listu DNS-provide\u0107a uklju\u010deni su servisi<\/a><\/noindex> Google (8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4), Cloudflare (1.1.1.1, 1.0.0.1), OpenDNS (208.67.222.222, 208.67.220.220), Quad9 (9.9.9.9, 149.112.112.112), Cleanbrowsing (185.228.168.168, 185.228.169.168) i DNS.SB (185.222.222.222, 185.184.222.222). Ako je u korisni\u010dkim DNS postavkama naveden jedan od gore spomenutih DNS-poslu\u017eitelja, DoH u Chromeu \u0107e biti aktiviran prema zadanim postavkama. Za one koji koriste DNS-poslu\u017eitelje koje pru\u017ea lokalni internetski pru\u017eatelj, sve \u0107e ostati nepromijenjeno i za DNS upite \u0107e se i dalje koristiti sistemski rezolver. <\/p>\n

Va\u017ena razlika u implementaciji DoH-a u Firefoxu, gdje \u0107e postepeno uklju\u010divanje DoH-a po zadanim postavkama po\u010deti<\/a><\/noindex> ve\u0107 krajem rujna, je odsutnost vezivanja na jedan DoH servis. Dok \u0107e u Firefoxu po zadanim postavkama koristi se<\/a><\/noindex> DNS-poslu\u017eitelj CloudFlare, u Chromeu \u0107e samo do\u0107i do a\u017euriranja metode rada s DNS-om na ekvivalentni servis, bez promjene DNS-provide\u0107a. Na primjer, ako je korisniku u sistemskim postavkama naveden DNS 8.8.8.8, tada \u0107e u Chromeu biti aktiviran<\/a><\/noindex> DoH usluga Googlea («https:\/\/dns.google.com\/dns-query»), a ako je DNS — 1.1.1.1, tada DoH usluga Cloudflare («https:\/\/cloudflare-dns.com\/dns-query») i t.d.<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

ako korisnik \u017eeli, mo\u017ee omogu\u0107iti ili onemogu\u0107iti DoH putem postavke «chrome:\/\/flags\/#dns-over-https». Podr\u017eana su tri re\u017eima rada «secure», «automatic» i «off». U re\u017eimu «secure» hostovi se odre\u0111uju isklju\u010divo na temelju prethodno pohranjenih sigurnih vrijednosti (dobivenih putem sigurnosne veze) i zahtjeva preko DoH, a vra\u0107anje na obi\u010dni DNS nije omogu\u0107eno. U re\u017eimu «automatic», ako DoH i sigurni predmemorirani podaci nisu dostupni, dozvoljeno je dobivanje podataka iz nesigurnog predmemoriranog prostora i pristup preko tradicionalnog DNS-a. U re\u017eimu «off» prvo se provjerava zajedni\u010dka predmemorija, a ako podaci nisu dostupni, zahtjev se \u0161alje putem sistemskog DNS-a. Re\u017eim se postavlja putem postavke<\/a><\/noindex> kDnsOverHttpsMode, a predlo\u017eak za uskla\u0111ivanje poslu\u017eitelja putem kDnsOverHttpsTemplates.<\/p>\n

Eksperiment uklju\u010divanja DoH-a bit \u0107e proveden na svim podr\u017eanim platformama u Chromeu, osim na Linuxu i iOS-u zbog slo\u017eenosti analize postavki resolvera i ograni\u010denja pristupa sistemskim DNS postavkama. Ako se nakon uklju\u010divanja DoH-a pojave problemi s slanjem zahtjeva na DoH poslu\u017eitelj (na primjer, zbog njegove blokade, prekida mre\u017ene povezanosti ili kvara), preglednik \u0107e automatski vratiti sistemske DNS postavke. <\/p>\n

Cilj eksperimenta je zavr\u0161na provjera implementacije DoH-a i istra\u017eivanje utjecaja kori\u0161tenja DoH-a na performanse. Treba napomenuti da je podr\u0161ka za DoH zapravo uvr\u0161tena dodana<\/a><\/noindex> u osnovni kod Chromea jo\u0161 u velja\u010di, no za konfiguraciju i uklju\u010divanje DoH-a bilo je potrebno<\/a><\/noindex> pokretanje Chromea s posebnim flagom i nejasnim skupom opcija.<\/p>\n

Podsjetimo, DoH mo\u017ee biti koristan za izbjegavanje curenja informacija o tra\u017eenim imenima hostova preko DNS poslu\u017eitelja pru\u017eatelja usluga, borbu protiv MITM napada i zamjenu DNS prometa (na primjer, pri povezivanju na javne Wi-Fi mre\u017ee), suprotstavljanje blokadama na razini DNS-a (DoH ne mo\u017ee zamijeniti VPN u podru\u010dju zaobila\u017eenja blokada implementiranih na razini DPI-a) ili za organiziranje rada u slu\u010daju nemogu\u0107nosti izravnog pristupa DNS poslu\u017eiteljima (na primjer, pri radu preko proxyja). Dok se u normalnoj situaciji DNS zahtjevi izravno \u0161alju odre\u0111enim DNS poslu\u017eiteljima u konfiguraciji sustava, u slu\u010daju DoH-a zahtjev za odre\u0111ivanje IP adrese hosta inkapsulira se u HTTPS promet i \u0161alje na HTTP poslu\u017eitelj, na kojem resolver obra\u0111uje zahtjeve putem Web API-ja. Postoje\u0107i standard DNSSEC koristi enkripciju samo za autentifikaciju klijenta i poslu\u017eitelja, ali ne \u0161titi promet od presretanja i ne jam\u010di povjerljivost zahtjeva. <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Izvor: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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