{"id":38282,"date":"2019-10-31T22:22:45","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:22:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/debian-vozvrashhaetsya-k-voprosu-podderzhki-neskolkih-sistem-initsializatsii\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:22:45","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:22:45","slug":"debian-vozvrashhaetsya-k-voprosu-podderzhki-neskolkih-sistem-initsializatsii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/blog\/news\/debian-vozvrashhaetsya-k-voprosu-podderzhki-neskolkih-sistem-initsializatsii","title":{"rendered":"Debian se vra\u0107a pitanju podr\u0161ke za vi\u0161e sustava inicijalizacije","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Sam Hartman, vo\u0111a Debian projekta, poku\u0161ao<\/a><\/noindex> istra\u017eiti nesuglasice u vezi s isporukom paketa elogind u distribuciji. U srpnju, tim zadu\u017een za pripremu izdanja, je blokirala<\/a><\/noindex> odlu\u010dio uklju\u010diti elogind u testing granu, jer ovaj paket sukobljava s libsystemd. <\/p>\n

Podsje\u0107amo, da elogind<\/a><\/noindex> osigurava su\u010delja potrebna za rad GNOME-a bez instaliranja systemd-a. Projekt je osnovan kao odvojak od systemd-logind-a, izdvojen u zaseban paket i oslobo\u0111en od povezanosti s komponentama systemd-a. Izme\u0111u ostalog, elogind nudi vlastitu verziju biblioteke libelogind koja preuzima niz funkcija dostupnih u libsystemd-u i zamjenjuje ovu biblioteku prilikom instalacije. <\/p>\n

Kao razlozi za blokadu istaknuti su sukob s paketom systemd i opasnost zamjene libsystemd alternativnom verzijom libelogind koja nije potpuno kompatibilna s izvorno bibliotekom na razini ABI.
\nU paketu elogind ozna\u010den je kao sukobljavaju\u0107i s bibliotekama systemd, ali je zapravo dizajniran za rad isklju\u010divo bez systemd-a, a sukob s systemd-om zapravo koristi, jer sprje\u010dava pogre\u0161no instaliranje elogind-a. S druge strane, u trenutnom obliku poku\u0161aji putem APT-a da se a\u017eurira konfiguracija sa systemd-a na verziju s sysvinit-om i elogind-om dovode do o\u0161te\u0107enog sustava<\/a><\/noindex> s nefunkcionalnim APT-om. No, \u010dak i nakon otklanjanja ove pogre\u0161ke, prijelaz sa systemd-a na elogind ostaje nemogu\u0107 bez uklanjanja ve\u0107 instaliranih korisni\u010dkih okru\u017eenja.<\/p>\n

Razvijateljima elogind-a bilo je predlo\u017eeno je<\/a><\/noindex> potrebno prilagoditi elogind za rad preko standardnog libpam-systemd, bez kori\u0161tenja vlastitog sloja libpam-elogind. Prijelazu elogind-a na libpam-systemd prepreka je nedostatak podr\u0161ke za koncept slajsova, ali developeri elogind-a ne \u017eele posti\u0107i potpuno uskla\u0111ivanje API-ja i to\u010dno ponoviti sve mogu\u0107nosti systemd-a, jer elogind nudi samo minimalnu funkcionalnost za organizaciju prijave korisnika i ne te\u017ei ponovnom stvaranju svih podsustava systemd-a.<\/p>\n

Rje\u0161avanje navedenih tehni\u010dkih problema treba se odvijati na razini suradnje tima koji izbacuje verzije i odr\u017eavatelja elogind i systemd, no vo\u0111a projekta bio je prisiljen intervenirati jer se timovi nisu mogli dogovoriti, zajedni\u010dki rad prerastao je u sukob, a rje\u0161avanje problema do\u0161lo je u slijepu ulicu, u kojoj je svaka strana u pravu na svoj na\u010din. Prema Samu Hartmanu, situacija se pribli\u017eava stanju koje zahtijeva izvo\u0111enje op\u0107eg glasovanja (GR, general resolution), na kojem \u0107e zajednica donijeti odluku o alternativnim sustavima inicijalizacije i podr\u0161ci sysvinit s elogindom.<\/p>\n

Ako sudionici projekta glasaju za diverzifikaciju sustava inicijalizacije, svi odr\u017eavatelji bit \u0107e uklju\u010deni u zajedni\u010dki rad na rje\u0161avanju tog zadatka ili \u0107e biti imenovani posebni odgovorni programeri za rad na tom problemu, a pratioci vi\u0161e ne\u0107e mo\u0107i ignorirati alternativni sustav inicijalizacije, \u0161utjeti ili odga\u0111ati proces. <\/p>\n

Trenutno se u repozitoriju ve\u0107 nakupljeno<\/a><\/noindex> 1033 paketa, koji pru\u017eaju servisne jedinice za systemd, ali ne uklju\u010duju skripte init.d. Za rje\u0161avanje ovog problema nudi<\/a><\/noindex> treba pru\u017eiti prema zadanim postavkama service-datoteke, ali pripremiti obradu koja bi automatski interpretirala naredbe iz tih datoteka i generirala skripte init.d na temelju njih.<\/p>\n

Ako zajednica odlu\u010di da je u Debianu dovoljna podr\u0161ka za jedan sustav inicijalizacije, vi\u0161e se ne treba brinuti o sysvinitu i elogindu, usredoto\u010duju\u0107i se samo na jedinice i systemd. Takva odluka negativno bi utjecala na portove koji ne koriste Linux jezgru (Debian GNU\/Hurd<\/a><\/noindex>, Debian GNU\/NetBSD<\/a><\/noindex> i Debian GNU\/kFreeBSD<\/a><\/noindex>), ali u glavnom arhivu takvih portova jo\u0161 nema i nemaju status slu\u017ebeno podr\u017eavanih<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/p>\n

Ovisnost o systemd tako\u0111er zna\u010dajno ote\u017eava promjenu smjera razvoja distribucije u budu\u0107nosti i ograni\u010dava daljnje eksperimente u podru\u010dju inicijalizacije i upravljanja servisima. Odr\u017eavanje eloginda u funkcionalnom stanju znatno je lak\u0161e nego ga ukloniti, a zatim poku\u0161ati ponovo dodati. Svaka opcija rje\u0161enja ima svoje prednosti i nedostatke, stoga \u0107e prije glasovanja biti potrebno sveobuhvatno raspraviti sve argumente za i protiv.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Izvor: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0421\u044d\u043c \u0425\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043c\u0430\u043d (Sam Hartman), \u043b\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Debian, \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430 elogind \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430. \u0412 \u0438\u044e\u043b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430, \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432, \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 elogind \u0432 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0443 testing, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0441 libsystemd. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0438\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e elogind \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044b, \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b GNOME \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 systemd. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38282","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Debian se vra\u0107a na pitanje podr\u0161ke za vi\u0161e sistema inicijalizacije | ProHoster","description":"Sam Hartman, vo\u0111a projekta Debian, poku\u0161ao je razjasniti nesuglasice vezane 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